Palmitic acid
Based on 116 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Palmitic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid commonly found in both animals and plants. PA can induce the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in in mouse granulosa cells. Palmitic acid is used to establish a cell steatosis model.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.86%
- CAS No.: 57-10-3
- Formula: C16H32O2
- Molecular Weight:256.42
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Storage:
Store at room temperature 3 years.
In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Palmitic acid
More- Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2025 Dec 3;10(1):394. [Abstract]
- Nature. 2025 Jul;643(8070):192-200. [Abstract]
- Science. 2025 Mar 14;387(6739):eadm9805. [Abstract]
- Bioact Mater. 2023 Nov 9:33:85-99. [Abstract]
- Nat Microbiol. 2026 Jun;11(6):1677-1695. [Abstract]
- Autophagy. 2025 Jun 7:1-19. [Abstract]
- Autophagy. 2025 Jan;21(1):178-190. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2026 Jun;13(35):e21458. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2023 Oct;10(28):e2302130. [Abstract]
- Cell Discov. 2023 Mar 7;9(1):26. [Abstract]
- Metabolism. 2026 Jun 7:182:156670. [Abstract]
- Redox Biol. 2025 Feb 3:80:103528. [Abstract]
- Gut Microbes. 2022 Jan-Dec;14(1):2139978. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep Med. 2025 Aug 19;6(8):102260. [Abstract]
- Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2023 May 6;22(1):107. [Abstract]
- J Neuroinflammation. 2021 Jul 18;18(1):159. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Dis. 2026 Feb 5;17(1):205. [Abstract]
- Burns Trauma. 2026 Jan 13.
- Cell Death Dis. 2024 Jun 12;15(6):411. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Dis. 2019 May 28;10(6):416. [Abstract]
- Genes Dis. 2026 Mar 19.
- Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2026 Jan 6;123(1):e2504904123. [Abstract]
- Cell Commun Signal. 2026 May 7. [Abstract]
- J Pharm Anal. 2025 Dec;15(12):101307. [Abstract]
- Int J Biol Macromol. 2026 Mar:350:150930. [Abstract]
- Phytomedicine. 2025 Jul:142:156777. [Abstract]
- Phytomedicine. 2024 Jan:123:155209. [Abstract]
- Free Radic Biol Med. 2026 Aug 16:252:664-676. [Abstract]
- Free Radic Biol Med. 2025 Dec 18:S0891-5849(25)01443-1. [Abstract]
- Free Radic Biol Med. 2025 Jan:226:171-184. [Abstract]
- Free Radic Biol Med. 2023 Jun:202:110-120. [Abstract]
- Biomed Pharmacother. 2024 Jul 6:177:117085. [Abstract]
- Chin Med J (Engl). 2026 Mar 16. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Discov. 2026 Apr 13;12(1):227. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2026 Feb 18;45(3):116993. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2025 Nov 25;44(11):116496. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2025 Feb 25;44(3):115350. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2024 Nov 9;43(11):114962. [Abstract]
- Phytother Res. 2023 Dec;37(12):5991-6005. [Abstract]
- Phytother Res. 2022 Jan;36(1):433-447. [Abstract]
- Cell Biol Toxicol. 2024 Nov 26;40(1):104. [Abstract]
- eFood. 2025 Jun 30.
- Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2025 Apr 25;13(1):84. [Abstract]
- Biochem Pharmacol. 2026 Mar 22:249:117926. [Abstract]
- J Ethnopharmacol. 2026 Feb 28:357:120941. [Abstract]
- J Ethnopharmacol. 2025 Jul 29:120333. [Abstract]
- J Ethnopharmacol. 2024 Nov 26:339:119162. [Abstract]
- J Ethnopharmacol. 2024 Mar 1:321:117550. [Abstract]
- Food Funct. 2022 May 23;13(10):5559-5570. [Abstract]
- Food Funct. 2021 Dec 13;12(24):12421-12433. [Abstract]
- Life Sci. 2026 Jul 15:397:124392. [Abstract]
- Life Sci. 2025 May 5:374:123687. [Abstract]
- J Nutr Biochem. 2026 Sep:155:110381. [Abstract]
- J Nutr Biochem. 2026 Jun 24:110454. [Abstract]
- Front Pharmacol. 2024 Oct 23:15:1496639. [Abstract]
- Front Pharmacol. 2022 Jun 30;13:920601. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2024 Oct 11;143(Pt 1):113327. [Abstract]
- mBio. 2024 Jul 2:e0154924. [Abstract]
- RSC Adv. 2025 Nov 27;15(55):46775-46789. [Abstract]
- J Med Virol. 2025 Nov;97(11):e70699. [Abstract]
- Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2025 May 14. [Abstract]
- J Integr Agric. 2024 May 13.
- ACS Omega. 2024 Feb 28;9(10):11870-11882. [Abstract]
- J Physiol Biochem. 2024 May;80(2):407-420. [Abstract]
- FASEB J. 2024 Jul 15;38(13):e23806. [Abstract]
- Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2024 Mar 31;1870(5):167142. [Abstract]
- Mol Nutr Food Res. 2023 Apr;67(7):e2101052. [Abstract]
- Mol Nutr Food Res. 2023 Jan;67(2):e2200429. [Abstract]
- iScience. 2026 Mar 25;29(4):115470. [Abstract]
- Aquaculture. 2026 May 7;623:744131.
- Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 5;15(1):7768. [Abstract]
- Aquaculture. 15 January 2022, 737333.
- Food Sci Nutr. 2026 Apr 3;14(4):e71695. [Abstract]
- Int J Obes. 2025 Jul 28. [Abstract]
- J Virol. 2021 Aug 10;95(17):e0078121. [Abstract]
- Cell Signal. 2026 Apr:140:112360. [Abstract]
- Mater Technol (N Y N Y). 2025 Jun 17.
- Cell Signal. 2024 Nov 25:111528. [Abstract]
- World J Stem Cells. 2026 Mar 26;18(3).
- Biol Trace Elem Res. 2025 Jun 13. [Abstract]
- Heliyon. 2024 May 16;10(10):e30708. [Abstract]
- Vet Res. 2026 May 9;57(1):72. [Abstract]
- Biology (Basel). 2026 Jan 26;15(3):233. [Abstract]
- Mol Med Rep. 2020 Sep;22(3):1702-1708. [Abstract]
- BMC Cancer. 2025 May 28;25(1):956. [Abstract]
- Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2026 Jun 10. [Abstract]
- BMC Endocr Disord. 2025 Feb 27;25(1):54. [Abstract]
- Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2020 Feb;1865(2):158540. [Abstract]
- Mol Immunol. 2026 May:193:91-102. [Abstract]
- Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2021 Oct 2;14:4165-4177. [Abstract]
- Med Gas Res. 2025 Sep 1;15(3):374-382. [Abstract]
- Med Gas Res. 2025 Mar 1;15(1):148-155. [Abstract]
- Mol Biol Rep. 2026 May 25;53(1):821. [Abstract]
- Immun Inflamm Dis. 2026 Mar 9;14(3):e70395.
- PLoS One. 2025 Jul 14;20(7):e0328345. [Abstract]
- Tissue Cell. 2026 Feb 17:101:103399. [Abstract]
- Cell Biochem Biophys. 2025 Jul 28. [Abstract]
- Tissue Cell. 2025 May 20:96:102984. [Abstract]
- Plant Pathol. 2025 Dec 30.
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2026 May 26;827:154019. [Abstract]
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2026 Mar 12:804:153358. [Abstract]
- Sex Med. 2025 Aug 6;13(4):qfaf059. [Abstract]
- Sex Med. 2023 Jan 24;11(1):qfac008. [Abstract]
- Eur J Lipid Sci Technol. 2023 Feb 25.
- Xenobiotica. 2025 Sep 18:1-9. [Abstract]
- Curr Sci. 2025 Oct 8.
- Res Sq. 2026 May 21.
- Res Sq. 2026 Jan 15.
- CICESE. 2025.
- SSRN. 2025 May 22.
- bioRxiv. 2024 October 29.
- Research Square Preprint. 2024 Feb 15.
- Research Square Preprint. 2024 Feb 19.
- Research Square Preprint. 2023 Jul 20.
- Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022 May 14;2022:3861380. [Abstract]
- Curr Top Nutraceutical Res. 2022 May 4.
Customer Validation & Images
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Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay
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Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay
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Flow Cytometry
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All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms
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Biological Activity
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Microbial Metabolite |
Human Endogenous Metabolite |
Grp78 |
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A549 | IC50 |
150 μM
Compound: 292
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Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 30917303] |
| Huh-7 | IC50 |
>25 μg/mL
Compound: PA
|
Antimalarial activity against liver stage of Plasmodium berghei infected in human Huh7 cells assessed as reduction in parasite load treated after 2 hrs of infection for 46 hrs by luciferase assay
Antimalarial activity against liver stage of Plasmodium berghei infected in human Huh7 cells assessed as reduction in parasite load treated after 2 hrs of infection for 46 hrs by luciferase assay
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[PMID: 25103602] |
| L6 | IC50 |
>30 μg/mL
Compound: PA
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Trypanocidal activity against intracellular amastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi Tulahuen C2C4 expressing LacZ gene infected in rat L6 cells after 96 hrs
Trypanocidal activity against intracellular amastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi Tulahuen C2C4 expressing LacZ gene infected in rat L6 cells after 96 hrs
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[PMID: 20855214] |
| L6 | IC50 |
209 μM
Compound: Palmitic acid
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Cytotoxicity against rat L6 cells
Cytotoxicity against rat L6 cells
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[PMID: 22932312] |
| L6 | IC50 |
52.7 μg/mL
Compound: PA
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Cytotoxicity against rat L6 cells after 72 hrs by microplate fluorometric analysis
Cytotoxicity against rat L6 cells after 72 hrs by microplate fluorometric analysis
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[PMID: 20855214] |
| L6 | IC50 |
52.7 μg/mL
Compound: PA
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Cytotoxicity against rat L6 cells
Cytotoxicity against rat L6 cells
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[PMID: 25103602] |
| MONO-MAC-6 | IC50 |
178.1 μM
Compound: Palmitic acid
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Cytostatic activity against human MONO-MAC-6 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay
Cytostatic activity against human MONO-MAC-6 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 28384546] |
| S49 | EC50 |
500 μM
Compound: Palmitic acid
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Cytotoxicity against HGPRTase-deficient mouse S49 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by trypan blue exclusion assay
Cytotoxicity against HGPRTase-deficient mouse S49 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by trypan blue exclusion assay
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[PMID: 221658] |
| THP-1 | IC50 |
5 μM
Compound: palmitic acid
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Inhibition of TLR2 agonist Pam3Cys-Ser-(Lys)4-OH-mediated IL8 secretion in THP1 cells
Inhibition of TLR2 agonist Pam3Cys-Ser-(Lys)4-OH-mediated IL8 secretion in THP1 cells
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[PMID: 16509590] |
Palmitic acid (0.1, 0.25, or 0.5 mM; 12-72 h) increases the mRNA levels of Notch1, -2, and -4 in LX2, Huh7, and MIHA hepatocyte lines[2].
Palmitic acid cell experiment lysis protocol, for reference[3][4][5][6][7]
Reference dissolution protocol: 0.1-0.5% Ethanol + 1% BSA + 98.5-98.9% basal medium (eg: DMEM);
Taking the preparation of 1 mL of 0.25 mM working solution as an example (this method has been verified by MCE.):
1. Preparation of Palmitic acid (PA) stock solution: Add 78 μL of anhydrous ethanol to 1 mg PA and dissolve to 50 mM (ultrasonic heating for 3 min, 37°C);
2. Preparation of Fatty acid free BSA stock solution: Take an appropriate amount of Fatty acid free BSA (HY-D0842A) Add basal culture medium (e.g., DMEM, 1640, etc.) to prepare a 10% BSA solution (100 mg/mL);
3. Dilution: Take 5 μL of PA stock solution (50 mM), add 100 μL of BSA solution (10%), mix well (ultrasonic heating for 3 min, 37°C), add 895 μL of basal culture medium (e.g., DMEM, 1640, etc.), mix well (ultrasonic heating for 3 min, 37°C);
4. The working solution can be used for cell processing after filtration through a sterile filter membrane;
5. For the blank group, pay attention to the solvent control;
6. If you need to prepare a working solution with a higher concentration, you can try to appropriately increase the concentration of PA stock solution, and try to control the final ethanol content to 0.1-0.5%.
7. It is recommended to use BSA without fatty acids[8][9].
8. Preheating the BSA and culture medium beforehand will improve the dissolution effect.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 57-10-3
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 256.42
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Formula C16H32O2
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Store at room temperature 3 years
In solvent -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year
Publications (116)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Signal Transduct Target Ther
2025 Dec 3;10(1):394. PMID: 41330906 -
Nature
2025 Jul;643(8070):192-200. PMID: 39695227 -
Science
2025 Mar 14;387(6739):eadm9805. PMID: 40080571 -
Bioact Mater
Exosomes derived from impaired liver aggravate alveolar bone loss via shuttle of Fasn in type 2 diabetes mellitus. [Abstract]2023 Nov 9:33:85-99. PMID: 38024229
Palmitic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Bioact Mater. 2023 Nov 9:33:85-99. [Abstract]
The expression of NLRP3 and GSDMD was detected in PDLCs treated with palmitic acid (PA) (300 μM; 24 h).
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Nat Microbiol
Lipid accumulation in tuberculosis granulomas inhibits macrophage-CD4+ T cell interactions and infection control. [Abstract]2026 Jun;11(6):1677-1695. PMID: 41933199 -
Autophagy
RETREG1-mediated reticulophagy is activated by an ATF4-CEBPG/C/EBPγ heterodimer and confers protection against lipotoxicity. [Abstract]2025 Jun 7:1-19. PMID: 40437698 -
Autophagy
TRIM21-mediated ubiquitination of SQSTM1/p62 abolishes its Ser403 phosphorylation and enhances palmitic acid cytotoxicity. [Abstract]2025 Jan;21(1):178-190. PMID: 39172027
Palmitic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Autophagy. 2025 Jan;21(1):178-190. [Abstract]
Sqstm1−/− MEFs reconstituted with vector, flag-SQSTM1 WT, or Flag-SQSTM1K7R were treated with BSA or Palmitic acid (PA) (500 μM) for 12 h. Cell lysates were mixed with loading buffer containing or not containing DTT were subjected to SDS-PAGE and IB.
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Adv Sci (Weinh)
Extracellular Vesicle-Transferred ATP-Citrate Lyase Induces Monocyte Differentiation Toward Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Fuels Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression. [Abstract]2026 Jun;13(35):e21458. PMID: 41995119 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
Palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC3 Aggravates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis by Targeting S-Palmitoylated IRHOM2. [Abstract]2023 Oct;10(28):e2302130. PMID: 37544908 -
Cell Discov
Reprogramming of palmitic acid induced by dephosphorylation of ACOX1 promotes β-catenin palmitoylation to drive colorectal cancer progression. [Abstract]2023 Mar 7;9(1):26. PMID: 36878899
Palmitic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Discov. 2023 Mar 7;9(1):26. [Abstract]
Palmitic acid (PA; 20 or 100 μM; 24 h) rescues ACOX1-mediated β-catenin inhibition in HCT15 cells (transfected with Flag-ACOX1 plasmid).
Palmitic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Discov. 2023 Mar 7;9(1):26. [Abstract]
Palmitic acid (PA; 50, 100, 200 μM; 24 h) decreases endogenous β-catenin polyubiquitination in a dose-dependent manner, in HEK293T cells.
Palmitic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Discov. 2023 Mar 7;9(1):26. [Abstract]
Palmitic acid (PA; 100 μM; 24 h) suppresses the interactions between β-catenin and CK1, GSK3, and β-TrCP in HEK293T cells (transfected with Flag-CK1 and Flag-GSK3β).
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Metabolism
Acacetin ameliorates MASLD by inhibiting the Notch1 pathway in hepatocytes and reprogramming macrophage polarization via Keap1-Nrf2-mediated restraint of ferroptosis. [Abstract]2026 Jun 7:182:156670. PMID: 42259496 -
Redox Biol
Niraparib restricts intraperitoneal metastases of ovarian cancer by eliciting CD36-dependent ferroptosis. [Abstract]2025 Feb 3:80:103528. PMID: 39922130
Palmitic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Redox Biol. 2025 Feb 3:80:103528. [Abstract]
OVCAR8 and A2780 cells were cultured in fatty acid-free media supplemented with 50 μM AA (arachidonic acid), 50 μM OA (oleic acid), 50 μM EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid), 50 μM PA (Palmitic acid), and 50 μM MA (myristic acid) with the treatment of 10 μM niraparib for 72 h, and the cell viability was determined.
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Gut Microbes
FABP4 in Paneth cells regulates antimicrobial protein expression to reprogram gut microbiota. [Abstract]2022 Jan-Dec;14(1):2139978. PMID: 36519446 -
Cell Rep Med
High-fat diet increases circulating palmitic acid produced by gut Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron to promote thrombosis. [Abstract]2025 Aug 19;6(8):102260. PMID: 40749683 -
Cardiovasc Diabetol
Down-regulation of WWP2 aggravates Type 2 diabetes mellitus-induced vascular endothelial injury through modulating ubiquitination and degradation of DDX3X. [Abstract]2023 May 6;22(1):107. PMID: 37149668 -
J Neuroinflammation
C1q/TNF-related protein 4 restores leptin sensitivity by downregulating NF-κB signaling and microglial activation. [Abstract]2021 Jul 18;18(1):159. PMID: 34275474 -
Cell Death Dis
2026 Feb 5;17(1):205. PMID: 41644513 -
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Cell Death Dis
MAL2 reprograms lipid metabolism in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma via EGFR/SREBP-1 pathway based on single-cell RNA sequencing. [Abstract]2024 Jun 12;15(6):411. PMID: 38866777 -
Cell Death Dis
Targeting the transcription factor receptor LXR to treat clear cell renal cell carcinoma: agonist or inverse agonist?. [Abstract]2019 May 28;10(6):416. PMID: 31138790 -
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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Circular RNA-based therapy targeting metabolic vulnerability of fatty acid synthesis overcomes castration-resistant prostate cancer. [Abstract]2026 Jan 6;123(1):e2504904123. PMID: 41468427 -
Cell Commun Signal
Paternal Sertoli cell-derived extracellular vesicles transfer mtDNA and microRNA cargo to trigger germ cell oxidative stress and induce metabolic risks in offspring. [Abstract]2026 May 7. PMID: 42098702 -
J Pharm Anal
1,8-Cineole ameliorates vascular endothelial senescence in diabetes mellitus by directly targeting and deubiquitinating PPAR-γ in vivo and in vitro. [Abstract]2025 Dec;15(12):101307. PMID: 41492461 -
Int J Biol Macromol
The CFP macromolecule attenuates senescent liver sinusoidal endothelial cell-driven activation of hepatic stellate cells. [Abstract]2026 Mar:350:150930. PMID: 41698486 -
Phytomedicine
Palmitic acid enhances the sensitivity of ferroptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress mediated the ATF4/TXNIP Axis in polycystic ovary syndrome. [Abstract]2025 Jul:142:156777. PMID: 40393214 -
Phytomedicine
Si-Ni-San inhibits hepatic Fasn expression and lipid accumulation in MAFLD mice through AMPK/p300/SREBP-1c axis. [Abstract]2024 Jan:123:155209. PMID: 37984123 -
Free Radic Biol Med
Vitamin D receptor/sirtuin 3 pathway mediates the cardioprotective effects of aerobic exercise in diabetic mice. [Abstract]2026 Aug 16:252:664-676. PMID: 42061479 -
Free Radic Biol Med
PM2.5 exacerbate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through activating hepatocytes TXNIP/NLRP3/FoxO1 signaling pathway in ob/ob mice. [Abstract]2025 Dec 18:S0891-5849(25)01443-1. PMID: 41421414 -
Free Radic Biol Med
AQP1 mediates pancreatic β cell senescence induced by metabolic stress through modulating intracellular H2O2 level. [Abstract]2025 Jan:226:171-184. PMID: 39551452
Palmitic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Free Radic Biol Med. 2025 Jan:226:171-184. [Abstract]
Cell viability was assessed using CCK-8 assay in MIN6 cells treated with 33.3 mM glucose and varying concentrations of palmitic acid (PA; 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, and 0.8 mM) for 24 h.
Palmitic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Free Radic Biol Med. 2025 Jan:226:171-184. [Abstract]
FACS plots and quantification of Annexin-V+/PI + population percentage, indicative of apoptotic cells, were analyzed in controls and HGP-treated cells. MIN6 cells with HGP(33.3 mM glucose and 0.3 mM Palmitic acid sodium) for 24 h, cell survival remained around 80 %.
Palmitic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Free Radic Biol Med. 2025 Jan:226:171-184. [Abstract]
Immunoblot and quantification of p16, p21, and p-γH2A.X in HGP-treated MIN6 cells. The β-actin blot was used as a protein loading control. MIN6 cells treated with high glucose and palmitic acid (HGP; 33.3 mM glucose and 0.3 mM palmitic acid sodium) for 24 h.
Palmitic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Free Radic Biol Med. 2025 Jan:226:171-184. [Abstract]
Representative images and quantification of SA-β-gal staining in MIN6 cells. MIN6 cells were treated with high glucose and palmitic acid (HGP; 33.3 mM glucose and 0.3 mM Palmitic acid sodium) for 24 h.
Palmitic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Free Radic Biol Med. 2025 Jan:226:171-184. [Abstract]
Representative images of nuclear morphological changes observed via DAPI staining. MIN6 cells were treated with high glucose and palmitic acid (HGP; 33.3 mM glucose and 0.3 mM Palmitic acid sodium) for 24 h.
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Free Radic Biol Med
Ferroptosis signaling promotes the release of misfolded proteins via exosomes to rescue ER stress in hepatocellular carcinoma. [Abstract]2023 Jun:202:110-120. PMID: 36997100 -
Biomed Pharmacother
1,8-cineole ameliorates experimental diabetic angiopathy by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis in HUVECs via SIRT2. [Abstract]2024 Jul 6:177:117085. PMID: 38972150 -
Chin Med J (Engl)
Effect of circulating exosomal miRNA-122-3p on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease through impairing FGFR4 expression. [Abstract]2026 Mar 16. PMID: 41839758 -
Cell Death Discov
Oncoprotein CYB561, acting in IRE1-XBP1-SREBF1 and FAK-ERK pathway, promotes breast cancer lipogenesis and progression. [Abstract]2026 Apr 13;12(1):227. PMID: 41974658 -
Cell Rep
Small-molecule enhancement of METTL3 S-palmitoylation as a therapeutic strategy for osteoarthritis. [Abstract]2026 Feb 18;45(3):116993. PMID: 41719123 -
Cell Rep
A generalized strategy to kill leukemic cells by targeting the regulatory systems governing mitochondrial membrane potential. [Abstract]2025 Nov 25;44(11):116496. PMID: 41166305 -
Cell Rep
Hexokinase 2-mediated metabolic stress and inflammation burden of liver macrophages via histone lactylation in MASLD. [Abstract]2025 Feb 25;44(3):115350. PMID: 40014451 -
Cell Rep
ZDHHC3-mediated SCAP S-acylation promotes cholesterol biosynthesis and tumor immune escape in hepatocellular carcinoma. [Abstract]2024 Nov 9;43(11):114962. PMID: 39522165 -
Phytother Res
Isorhynchophylline improves lipid metabolism disorder by mediating a circadian rhythm gene Bmal1 in spontaneously hypertensive rat. [Abstract]2023 Dec;37(12):5991-6005. PMID: 37752617 -
Phytother Res
Scutellarin ameliorates hepatic lipid accumulation by enhancing autophagy and suppressing IRE1α/XBP1 pathway. [Abstract]2022 Jan;36(1):433-447. PMID: 34859513 -
Cell Biol Toxicol
Protocatechuic acid relieves ferroptosis in hepatic lipotoxicity and steatosis via regulating NRF2 signaling pathway. [Abstract]2024 Nov 26;40(1):104. PMID: 39589556 -
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Acta Neuropathol Commun
Cholesterol-activated stress granules reduce the membrane localization of DRD2 and promote prolactinoma dopamine agonists resistance. [Abstract]2025 Apr 25;13(1):84. PMID: 40281543 -
Biochem Pharmacol
Propyl gallate mitigates diabetic liver injury via suppressing SLC7A11/GPX4-mediated hepatic ferroptosis and modulating gut-liver axis. [Abstract]2026 Mar 22:249:117926. PMID: 41876017 -
J Ethnopharmacol
Shentong Zhuyu Decoction mitigates exercise-induced muscle damage through modulation of AMPK-mediated lipid metabolism and oxidative stress. [Abstract]2026 Feb 28:357:120941. PMID: 41270908 -
J Ethnopharmacol
Licochalcone A promotes autophagy to ameliorate NAFLD by inhibiting the mTOR and regulating ULK1/Beclin1/VPS34 pathway. [Abstract]2025 Jul 29:120333. PMID: 40744422 -
J Ethnopharmacol
Kaempferol modulates ɑ2M secretion in bone marrow-derived macrophages by downregulating GR/PER1-mediated lipid metabolism to attenuate the emotional stress-aggravated metastasis of prostate cancer. [Abstract]2024 Nov 26:339:119162. PMID: 39603396 -
J Ethnopharmacol
Essential oil from Fructus Alpiniae zerumbet ameliorates vascular endothelial cell senescence in diabetes by regulating PPAR-γ signalling: A 4D label-free quantitative proteomics and network pharmacology study. [Abstract]2024 Mar 1:321:117550. PMID: 38065350 -
Food Funct
2022 May 23;13(10):5559-5570. PMID: 35481558 -
Food Funct
Phloretin attenuation of hepatic steatosis via an improvement of mitochondrial dysfunction by activating AMPK-dependent signaling pathways in C57BL/6J mice and HepG2 cells. [Abstract]2021 Dec 13;12(24):12421-12433. PMID: 34788781 -
Life Sci
G0S2 drives lipid metabolism disorders and oxidative stress to promote M1 macrophage polarization and inflammation in polycystic ovary syndrome. [Abstract]2026 Jul 15:397:124392. PMID: 41985712 -
Life Sci
GSK621 ameliorates lipid accumulation via AMPK pathways and reduces oxidative stress in hepatocytes in vitro and in obese mice in vivo. [Abstract]2025 May 5:374:123687. PMID: 40334907 -
J Nutr Biochem
Baicalein alleviates Western diet-induced obesity via metabolically activated adipose tissue macrophages by inducing Nrf2. [Abstract]2026 Sep:155:110381. PMID: 41997457 -
J Nutr Biochem
2026 Jun 24:110454. PMID: 42342138 -
Front Pharmacol
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Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (389.99 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Ethanol : 12.82 mg/mL (50.00 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (271 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Harada H, et al. Antitumor activity of palmitic acid found as a selective cytotoxic substance in a marine red alga. Anticancer Res. 2002 Sep-Oct;22(5):2587-90. [Content Brief]
[2]. Wen-Jin Ding, et al. Expression of Notch family is altered in non alcoholic fatty liver disease. Mol Med Rep. 2020 Sep;22(3):1702-1708. [Content Brief]
[3]. Liaqat H, et al. Antioxidant Effect of Wheat Germ Extracts and Their Antilipidemic Effect in Palmitic Acid-Induced Steatosis in HepG2 and 3T3-L1 Cells. Foods. 2021 May 12;10(5):1061. [Content Brief]
[4]. Jiang H, et al. Palmitic acid promotes endothelial progenitor cells apoptosis via p38 and JNK mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Atherosclerosis. 2010 May;210(1):71-7. [Content Brief]
[5]. Ding WJ, et al. Expression of Notch family is altered in non alcoholic fatty liver disease. Mol Med Rep. 2020 Sep;22(3):1702-1708. [Content Brief]
[6]. Urso CJ, et al. Palmitic Acid Lipotoxicity in Microglia Cells Is Ameliorated by Unsaturated Fatty Acids. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Aug 23;22(16):9093. [Content Brief]
[7]. Wu D, et al. Palmitic acid exerts pro-inflammatory effects on vascular smooth muscle cells by inducing the expression of C-reactive protein, inducible nitric oxide synthase and tumor necrosis factor-α. Int J Mol Med. 2014 Dec;34(6):1706-12. [Content Brief]
[8]. Jeong Yeon Kim, et al. Palmitic Acid-BSA enhances Amyloid-β production through GPR40-mediated dual pathways in neuronal cells: Involvement of the Akt/mTOR/HIF-1α and Akt/NF-κB pathways. Sci Rep. 2017 Jun 28;7(1):4335. [Content Brief]
[9]. Yanzhuo Yang, et al. Palmitate lipotoxicity is closely associated with the fatty acid-albumin complexes in BV-2 microglia. PLoS One. 2023 Apr 20;18(4):e0281189. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ethanol / DMSO | 1 mM | 3.8999 mL | 19.4993 mL | 38.9985 mL | 97.4963 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.7800 mL | 3.8999 mL | 7.7997 mL | 19.4993 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3900 mL | 1.9499 mL | 3.8999 mL | 9.7496 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2600 mL | 1.3000 mL | 2.5999 mL | 6.4998 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1950 mL | 0.9750 mL | 1.9499 mL | 4.8748 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1560 mL | 0.7800 mL | 1.5599 mL | 3.8999 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1300 mL | 0.6500 mL | 1.3000 mL | 3.2499 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0975 mL | 0.4875 mL | 0.9750 mL | 2.4374 mL | |
| DMSO | 60 mM | 0.0650 mL | 0.3250 mL | 0.6500 mL | 1.6249 mL |
| 80 mM | 0.0487 mL | 0.2437 mL | 0.4875 mL | 1.2187 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0390 mL | 0.1950 mL | 0.3900 mL | 0.9750 mL |
Palmitic acid Related Classifications
HY-N0830 Related Classifications
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