2. Anti-infection Apoptosis Metabolic Enzyme/Protease Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel
  3. HIV Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Cytochrome P450 P-glycoprotein
  4. Limonin

Limonin  (Synonyms: Limonoic acid 3,19:16,17 dilactone)

Cat. No.: HY-17411 Purity: 98.68%
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Limonin inhibits HIV-1 with an EC50 of 60.0 μM. Limonin induces human colon adenocarcinoma cells apoptosis with an IC50 of 54.74 μM. Limonin has antiviral and antitumor activities.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Limonin Chemical Structure

Limonin Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 1180-71-8

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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
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Customer Review

Based on 8 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Limonin Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Limonin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Immun Inflamm Dis. 2023 Feb;11(2):e787.  [Abstract]

    Limonin (40 mg/kg; p.o.; single daily for 4 days) significantly increases the expression of ZO-1, Occludin, and claudin-1 in small intestinal tissues of rats.

    View All Cytochrome P450 Isoform Specific Products:

    View All Isoforms
    CYP1 CYP2 CYP3 CYP4 CYP11 CYP17 Aromatase/CYP19A1 CYP26 CYP51 CYP2D6 CYP3A4 CYP17A1

    • Biological Activity

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Limonin inhibits HIV-1 with an EC50 of 60.0 μM. Limonin induces human colon adenocarcinoma cells apoptosis with an IC50 of 54.74 μM. Limonin has antiviral and antitumor activities[1][2][4].

    IC50 & Target

    HIV-1

     

    In Vitro

    Limonin (100 μM) exhibits cytotoxic effect and inhibits SW480 cells proliferation [2].
    Limonin (40 μM) inhibits HIV-1 protease in PBMC of HIV-1 infected patients[4].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Limonin Related Antibodies

    Cell Viability Assay[2]

    Cell Line: SW480 cells
    Concentration: 25, 50, 75, 100 μM
    Incubation Time: 4, 6 days
    Result: Inhibited cell proliferation by 89% at 4 days with 100 μM.
    Inhibited cell proliferation by 75% at 6 days with 100 μM.
    Molecular Weight

    470.51

    Formula

    C26H30O8
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    O=C1[C@@H]2[C@@]3(O2)[C@](CC[C@@]([C@@]4([C@@](CC(OC4)=O)([H])OC5(C)C)[C@@]5([H])CC6=O)([H])[C@]36C)(C)[C@H](C7=COC=C7)O1
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 2 years
    -20°C 1 year
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 41.67 mg/mL (88.56 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 2.1254 mL 10.6268 mL 21.2535 mL
    5 mM 0.4251 mL 2.1254 mL 4.2507 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    Mass
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    Concentration
    ×
    Volume
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    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

    ×
    Volume (start)

    V1

    =
    Concentration (final)

    C2

    ×
    Volume (final)

    V2

    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.42 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% Corn Oil

      Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.42 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
    DMSO +
    % 
    +
    %
    Tween-80 +
    %
    Saline
    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 98.68%

    COA (267 KB) HNMR (233 KB) LCMS (256 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO 1 mM 2.1254 mL 10.6268 mL 21.2535 mL 53.1338 mL
    5 mM 0.4251 mL 2.1254 mL 4.2507 mL 10.6268 mL
    10 mM 0.2125 mL 1.0627 mL 2.1254 mL 5.3134 mL
    15 mM 0.1417 mL 0.7085 mL 1.4169 mL 3.5423 mL
    20 mM 0.1063 mL 0.5313 mL 1.0627 mL 2.6567 mL
    25 mM 0.0850 mL 0.4251 mL 0.8501 mL 2.1254 mL
    30 mM 0.0708 mL 0.3542 mL 0.7085 mL 1.7711 mL
    40 mM 0.0531 mL 0.2657 mL 0.5313 mL 1.3283 mL
    50 mM 0.0425 mL 0.2125 mL 0.4251 mL 1.0627 mL
    60 mM 0.0354 mL 0.1771 mL 0.3542 mL 0.8856 mL
    80 mM 0.0266 mL 0.1328 mL 0.2657 mL 0.6642 mL
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    Limonin Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Limonin1180-71-8Limonoic acid 3,19:16,17 dilactoneHIVApoptosisEndogenous MetaboliteCytochrome P450P-glycoproteinHuman immunodeficiency virusCYPsP-gpPgpMultidrug resistance protein 1MDR1ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 1ABCB1Cluster of differentiation 243CD243HIV-1Human cytochrome P450 enzymeSW480Colon cancerInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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