HSV-1 Inhibitor

Pritelivir (AIC316), an inhibitor of the viral helicase-primase complex, exhibits antiviral activity in vitro and in animal models of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. Pritelivir is active against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) with the IC₅₀ of 0.02 μM against HSV1-2.

Betulonic acid (Betunolic acid), a naturally occurring triterpene, is found in many plants. Betulonic acid has anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic and anti-viral (HSV-1) activities.

Amenamevir is a helicase-primase inhibitor which has potent antiviral activity against HSVs with an EC₅₀ of 14 ng/mL.

Oxytetracycline is an antibiotic belonging to the tetracycline class. Oxytetracycline potent inhibits Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Oxytetracycline is a protein synthesis inhibitor and prevents the binding from aminoacil-tRNA to the complex m-ribosomal RNA. Oxytetracycline also possesses anti-HSV-1 activity.

N-lauroylsarcosine is an anionic surfactant. N-lauroylsarcosine has antiviral activity against HSV-2 strain 333 and HSV-1 strain F. N-lauroylsarcosine synergistically increases skin permeability with 25-50% ethanol. N-lauroylsarcosine can be used to study HSV-2 infection.

Valacyclovir hydrochloride (Valaciclovir hydrochloride) is an orally active antiviral agent for herpes simplex, herpes zoster, and herpes B. Valacyclovir hydrochloride inhibits HSV-1 W (₅₀=2.9 μg/ml). Valacyclovir hydrochloride is a proagent of Aciclovir (HY-17422) .

Penciclovir (VSA 671) is a potent and selective anti-herpesvirus agent with EC₅₀ values of 0.5, 0.8 μg/ml for HSV-1 (HFEM), HSV-2 (MS), respectively. Penciclovir shows anti-herpesvirus activity with no-toxic. Penciclovir preventes mortality in mouse.

Octyl gallate (Progallin O) is widely used as a food additive, with antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Octyl gallate (Progallin O) shows selective and sensitive fluorescent property. Octyl gallate shows a marked antiviral effect against HSV-1, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and poliovirus.

Adenosine 5'-monophosphate monohydrate is an adenosine A₁ receptor agonist. Adenosine 5'-monophosphate monohydrate has significant antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2.

Phosphonoacetic acid is a potent antiviral agent. Phosphonoacetic acid inhibits a variety of herpesviruses, orthopoxviruses, and retroviruses. Phosphonoacetic acid strongly inhibits viral and cellular DNA polymerase, reverse transcriptase, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase activities in a non-competitive or uncompetitive manner by binding to the pyrophosphate site of the enzyme. Phosphonoacetic acid is useful for research related to lymphoid leukemia, herpesvirus infection, and vaccinia virus skin lesions.

Pinostrobin is a flavonoid with anti-cancer, antioxidant, antiviral and neuroprotective activities. Pinostrobin has oral activity. Pinostrobin is a potent PCSK9 inhibitor that inhibits the catalytic activity of PCSK9. Pinostrobin can be used in the research of viral infections, cancer, leukemia, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cirrhosis, inflammation and neurological diseases.

Prostaglandin A2 (PGA2) is a Cyclopentenone prostaglandin. Prostaglandin A2 induces Caspase-dependent Apoptosis, activates p53. Prostaglandin A2 activates ERK2 and JNK1/SAPK. Prostaglandin A2 shows antiviral activity against HSV-1. Prostaglandin A2 has anti-tumor effects. Prostaglandin A2 can be used for the research of colorectal cancer, colorectal carcinoma, breast carcinoma, and herpetic keratitis.

Oxytetracycline hydrochloride is an antibiotic belonging to the tetracycline class. Oxytetracycline hydrochloride potent inhibits Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Oxytetracycline hydrochloride is a protein synthesis inhibitor and prevents the binding from aminoacil-tRNA to the complex m-ribosomal RNA. Oxytetracycline hydrochloride also possesses anti-HSV-1 activity.

LDC4297 is a selective inhibitor of CDK7 with an IC₅₀ value of 0.13 nM. LDC4297 inhibits human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication with an EC₅₀ value of 24.5 nM. LDC4297 shows broad antiviral activities to Herpesviridae, Adenoviridae, Poxviridae, Retroviridae and Orthomyxoviridae with EC₅₀ value of 0.02-1.21 μM. LDC4297 can be used for the research of infection.

BIO-acetoxime (BIA) is a potent and selective GSK-3 inhibitor, with IC₅₀s of both 10 nM for GSK-3α/β. BIO-acetoxime has anticonvulsant and anti-infection activity.

Brassicasterol is a metabolite of Ergosterol and has cardiovascular protective effects. Brassicasterol exerts anticancer effects in prostate cancer through dual targeting of AKT and androgen receptor signaling pathways. Brassicasterol inhibits HSV-1 (IC₅₀=1.2 μM) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Brassicasterol also inhibits sterol δ 24-reductase, slowing the progression of atherosclerosis. Brassicasterol is also a cerebrospinal fluid biomarker for Alzheimer's disease.

Defensin HNP-1 human is a type of human neutrophil peptide (HNPs). Defensin HNP-1 human possesses immunomodulatory functions and can delay the apoptosis of neutrophils. Defensin HNP-1 human inhibits DNA/RNA/protein synthesis and interferes with metabolic pathways, thus exhibiting broad antibacterial activity. Defensin HNP-1 human has direct inactivation effects on HIV, HSV-1, HSV-2, CMV, influenza virus, etc. Defensin HNP-1 human has antileishmanial activity. Defensin HNP-1 human is involved in endothelial cell dysfunction during the early development of atherosclerosis.

AT-533 is a potent Hsp90 and HSV inhibitor. AT-533 suppresses tumor growth and angiogenesis by blocking the HIF-1α/VEGF/VEGFR-2 signaling pathway. AT-533 also inhibits the activation of the downstream pathways, including Akt/mTOR/p70S6K, Erk1/2 and FAK. AT-533 inhibits the tube formation, cell migration, and invasion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

LDC4297 hydrochloride is a selective inhibitor of CDK7 with an IC₅₀ value of 0.13 nM. LDC4297 hydrochloride inhibits human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication with an EC₅₀ value of 24.5 nM. LDC4297 hydrochloride shows broad antiviral activities to Herpesviridae, Adenoviridae, Poxviridae, Retroviridae and Orthomyxoviridae with EC₅₀ values of 0.02-1.21 μM. LDC4297 hydrochloride can be used for the research of infection.

Manzamine A hydrochloride, an orally active beta-carboline alkaloid, inhibits specifically GSK-3β and CDK-5 with IC₅₀s of 10.2 μM and 1.5 μM, respectively. Manzamine A hydrochloride targets vacuolar ATPases and inhibits autophagy in pancreatic cancer cells. Manzamine A hydrochloride has antimalarial and anticancer activities. Manzamine A hydrochloride also shows potent activity against HSV-1.