NF-κB
NF-κB regulates innate and adaptive immunity, inflammatory responses, immune-cell survival, activation, and differentiation[1]. Mechanistically, canonical NF-κB signaling depends on phosphorylation-induced proteasomal degradation of IκB proteins, releasing cytosolic NF-κB dimers for transcriptional control[2]. In inflammation models, NF-κB induces cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, and inflammasome-related responses, linking pathway activation to chronic inflammatory disease and cancer research[1][3][4]. Compared with related isoforms, mammalian NF-κB includes RelA/p65, RelB, c-Rel, p50/NF-κB1, and p52/NF-κB2, and RelA loss causes embryonic lethality with liver apoptosis, whereas p50 loss produces immune-response defects without developmental abnormalities[2][5][6]. For experimental applications, NF-κB inhibitors, including IKK-targeting agents and BAY 11-7082, help test pathway dependence in inflammatory signaling, but broad pathway targeting requires careful interpretation because NF-κB also supports normal immune physiology[4][7].
References:
- [1]. Liu T, et al. NF-κB signaling in inflammation. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2017;2:17023–. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Oeckinghaus A, et al. The NF-kappaB family of transcription factors and its regulation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2009 Oct;1(4):a000034. [Content Brief]
- [3]. Lawrence T. The nuclear factor NF-kappaB pathway in inflammation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2009 Dec;1(6):a001651. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a001651. Epub 2009 Oct 7. PMID: 20457564; PMCID: PMC2882124. et al. The nuclear factor NF-kappaB pathway in inflammation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2009 Dec;1(6):a001651. [Content Brief]
- [4]. Yu H, et al. Targeting NF-κB pathway for the therapy of diseases: mechanism and clinical study. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2020 Sep 21;5(1):209. [Content Brief]
- [5]. Beg AA, et al. Embryonic lethality and liver degeneration in mice lacking the RelA component of NF-kappa B. Nature. 1995 Jul 13;376(6536):167-70. [Content Brief]
- [6]. Sha WC, et al. Targeted disruption of the p50 subunit of NF-kappa B leads to multifocal defects in immune responses. Cell. 1995 Jan 27;80(2):321-30. [Content Brief]
- [7]. Lee J, et al. BAY 11-7082 is a broad-spectrum inhibitor with anti-inflammatory activity against multiple targets. Mediators Inflamm. 2012;2012:416036. [Content Brief]
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NF-κB Inhibitors
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NF-κB Activators
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NF-κB Modulators
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NF-κB Ligand
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NF-κB Related Products (1455)
Related Products (1455)
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Antibodies (24)
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3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-W012977RCAS No.: 624-95-3Synonyms: DMB (Standard); Neohexanol (Standard)3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol (Standard) is the analytical standard of 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol (HY-W012977). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol (DMB) is an orally active inhibitor of trimethylamine (TMA) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol inhibits the signaling pathway of p65 NF-κB and TGF-β1/Smad3. 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol has potential applications in cardiovascular disease (CVD).
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Tropisetron-d5
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-B0072SCAS No.: 1220284-86-5Synonyms: SDZ-ICS-930-d5 free baseTropisetron-d5 (SDZ-ICS-930-d5 (free base)) is deuterium labeled Tropisetron. Tropisetron (SDZ-ICS-930 free base) is an orally active anti-inflammatory and antiemetic agent. Tropisetron is 5-HT3R antagonists with a Ki of 5.3 nM. Tropisetron is also a partial agonist of α7 nicotinic receptor (α7 nAChR) with an EC50 of 1.3 μM. In addition, Tropisetron has antitumor and neuroprotective effects.
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5-O-Methylvisammioside (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-N0442RCAS No.: 84272-85-5Synonyms: 4'-O-β-D-Glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol (Standard)5-O-Methylvisammioside (4'-O-β-D-Glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol) (Standard) is the analytical standard of 5-O-Methylvisammioside. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 5-O-Methylvisammioside is an orally active natural chromone glycoside and multiple biological activities. 5-O-Methylvisammioside inhibits ferroptosis by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling axis. 5-O-Methylvisammioside alleviates intestinal barrier damage by inhibiting the ROS/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. 5-O-Methylvisammioside exerts a protective effect against acute liver injury by reducing ALT/AST, decreasing inflammatory infiltration, and inhibiting IκB-α phosphorylation and NF-κB nuclear translocation. 5-O-Methylvisammioside blocks the HMGB1/RAGE/MEK/ERK signaling axis to exert anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic effects. 5-O-Methylvisammioside improves depression-like behaviors by inhibiting Src kinase and the NF-κB pathway.
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Cranberry Extract
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-N13200Cranberry Extract is the extract of Cranberry, with content of 25% -50% Proanthocyanidins. Cranberry Extract exhibits anti-virus and antimicrbiol activity. Cranberry Extract suppresses fungal growth and biofilm formation. Cranberry Extract reduces NF-κB p65 phosphorylation, and PI3K/AKT signaling; increases caspase-8/9 activity to induce apoptosis, modulates oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipid profiles. Cranberry Extract exerts antiproliferative effects and induces cell cycle arrest. Cranberry Extract can be used for the research of infection and cancers.
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JSH-23 (Standard)
0 ImagesJSH-23 (Standard) is the analytical standard of JSH-23. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. JSH-23 is an NF-κB inhibitor which inhibits NF-κB transcriptional activity with an IC50 of 7.1 μM in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages RAW 264.7. JSH-23 inhibits nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 without affecting IκBα degradation.
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IKK 16 (Standard)
0 ImagesIKK 16 (Standard) is the analytical standard of IKK 16. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. IKK 16 hydrochloride is an orally active IKK inhibitor. IKK 16 hydrochloride shows IC50s of 40 nM, 70 nM, 200 nM, and 50 nM for IKK2, IKK complex, IKK1, and LRRK 2, respectively. IKK 16 hydrochloride is also a pan-PKD inhibitor, inhibiting PKD1, PKD2, and PKD3 with IC50s of 153.9, 115, and 99.7 nM, respectively. IKK 16 hydrochloride is also an ABCB1 inhibitor, interfering with the binding of ABCB1 to its substrates. IKK 16 hydrochloride protects against LPS (HY-D1056)-induced multiple organ dysfunction by reducing the acute inflammatory response induced by endotoxin exposure. IKK 16 hydrochloride can restore renal function and alleviate fibrosis in acute kidney injury. IKK 16 hydrochloride attenuates cardiac dysfunction associated with polymicrobial sepsis in mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway.
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Emavusertib maleate
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-135317ECAS No.: 2376399-39-0Synonyms: CA-4948 maleateEmavusertib maleate (CA-4948 maleate) is the maleate salt form of Emavusertib (HY-135317). Emavusertib maleate is an orally active inhibitor for IRAK4 (IC50=57 nM) and FLT3. Emavusertib maleate inhibits NF-κB and MyD88 signaling pathways, reduces the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-6 and IL-10, thereby exhibiting anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities against cancer cells, leading to cell apoptosis. Emavusertib maleate exhibits antitumor activity in mouse model.
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Cornuside (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-N0631RCAS No.: 131189-57-6Cornuside (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cornuside (HY-N0631). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cornuside is an iridoid glycoside with anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities. Cornuside exerts anti-allergic activity by downregulating the p38 MAPK, JNK, and NF-κB signaling pathways, and inhibits IgE-mediated histamine release from mast cells. Cornuside improves cognitive impairment in mice by inhibiting BACE1 activity (IC50 = 55.84 μg/mL) and enhancing ChAT activity. Cornuside inhibits LPS (HY-D1056)-induced inflammatory mediators, including iNOS, COX-2, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, by suppressing NF-κB activation.
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TAK-243 (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-100487RCAS No.: 1450833-55-2Synonyms: MLN7243 (Standard)TAK-243 (Standard) is the analytical standard of TAK-243 (HY-100487). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. TAK-243 (MLN7243) is a first-in-class, selective ubiquitin activating enzyme, UAE (UBA1) inhibitor (IC50=1 nM), which blocks ubiquitin conjugation, disrupting monoubiquitin signaling as well as global protein ubiquitination. TAK-243 (MLN7243) induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, abrogates NF-κB pathway activation and promotes apoptosis.
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Acenocoumarol (Standard)
0 ImagesAcenocoumarol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Acenocoumarol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Acenocoumarol is an anticoagulant that functions as a Vitamin K antagonist. Acenocoumarol inhibits MAPK/ERK/JNK signaling pathway, reduces the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65, activates Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway. Acenocoumarol induces apoptosis in cell A549, arrests cell cycle at S phase.
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2,4,6-Trihydroxybenzaldehyde (Standard)
0 Images2,4,6-Trihydroxybenzaldehyde is an orally active NF- B inhibitor. 2,4,6-Trihydroxybenzaldehyde shows anti-tumor activity, anti-cancer cell proliferative activity and anti-obesity activity.
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Sulindac (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: MK-231 (Standard)Sulindac (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sulindac. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sulindac (MK-231) is an orally active nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Sulindac also is an immunomodulatory agent. Sulindac can be used for the research of arthritis of the spine, gouty arthritis and kinds of cancer including colorectal cancer (CRC) and lung cancer.
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LasB-IN-1
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-163030LasB-IN-1 (compound 5f) is a potent and orally active inhibitor of LasB (IC50 = 8.7 μM). LasB-IN-1 effectively attenuates elastase production and biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa while alleviating the inflammatory response through downregulating MAPK and NF-κB pathways. LasB-IN-1 is potential to be a novel anti-infective candidate against drug-resistant infections.
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Hederacoside C (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: Kalopanaxsaponin B (Standard)Hederacoside C (Standard) is the analytical standard of Hederacoside C. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Hederacoside C (Kalopanaxsaponin B) is an ingredient that can be obtained mainly from ivy leaves. Hederacoside C mediates inflammation by inhibiting activation of MAPK/NF-κB and its downstream signaling pathway. Hederacoside C has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity.
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Pulegone (Standard)
0 ImagesPulegone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Pulegone (HY-N1500). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Pulegone is a monoterpene ketone compound widely present in the essential oils of many plants. Pulegone can also be used as a bird repellent. Pulegone has multiple activities such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-hyperalgesic effects. Pulegone is particularly effective against bacteria of the Salmonella species.
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4-Octylphenol
0 Images4-Octylphenol is a hormone disruptor that has gender-specific effects on male reproductive cells, significantly reducing the mitotic index and the number of spermatogonia. 4-Octylphenol can cause inflammatory damage to fish gills by activating the complement system through the C3a/C3aR axis and the C5a/C5aR1 axis, this leads to complement activation and causes immune suppression due to the imbalance between Th1/Th2 cells and regulatory T cells (Treg)/Th17 cells, as well as inflammatory damage via the Toll-like receptor 7 (Toll-like Receptor (TLR))/IκBα/NF-κB pathway.
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Sodium propionate-13C-1
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-B1773AS1CAS No.: 83587-76-2Sodium propionate-13C-1 is the 13C-labeled Propionate sodium (HY-B1773A). Sodium propionate is an orally active short-chain fatty acid. Sodium propionate can be produced by intestinal bacteria from the metabolism of dietary fiber. Sodium propionate increases PPAR-γ, inhibits NF-κB activation, and reduces COX-2 expression and NO production. Sodium propionate also induces Apoptosis and Autophagy. Sodium propionate reduces HSV-1-induced keratitis. Sodium propionate has anticancer effects against glioblastoma. Sodium propionate exhibits neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Sodium propionate can be used in the research of spinal cord injury and Alzheimer's disease.
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T5996207
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-125480CAS No.: 950003-29-9T5996207 is a MyD88 inhibitor. T5996207 inhibits LPS-induced MyD88-mediated NF-κB-driven SEAP expression. T5996207 protects mice from lethal staphylococcal enterotoxin B-induced shock. T5996207 can be used for research on acute lung injury and toxic shock.
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p53-MDM2-IN-3
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-121893CAS No.: 1542066-74-9p53-MDM2-IN-3 (Compound 5s) is an orally active p53-MDM2 inhibitor with a Ki value of 0.25 μM. p53-MDM2-IN-3 exerts antitumor activity by inhibiting NF-κB pathway.
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2,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoic acid (Standard)
0 Images2,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 2,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoic acid (HY-Y0586). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 2,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoic acid (Asaronic acid) is a compound identified in purple perilla extracts. 2,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoic acid inhibits LPS (HY-D1056)-induced inflammatory responses, inhibits the activation of NF-κB and STAT signaling pathways. 2,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoic acid inhibits M1 macrophage phenotype-mediated inflammation in diabetes.
