NF-κB
NF-κB regulates innate and adaptive immunity, inflammatory responses, immune-cell survival, activation, and differentiation[1]. Mechanistically, canonical NF-κB signaling depends on phosphorylation-induced proteasomal degradation of IκB proteins, releasing cytosolic NF-κB dimers for transcriptional control[2]. In inflammation models, NF-κB induces cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, and inflammasome-related responses, linking pathway activation to chronic inflammatory disease and cancer research[1][3][4]. Compared with related isoforms, mammalian NF-κB includes RelA/p65, RelB, c-Rel, p50/NF-κB1, and p52/NF-κB2, and RelA loss causes embryonic lethality with liver apoptosis, whereas p50 loss produces immune-response defects without developmental abnormalities[2][5][6]. For experimental applications, NF-κB inhibitors, including IKK-targeting agents and BAY 11-7082, help test pathway dependence in inflammatory signaling, but broad pathway targeting requires careful interpretation because NF-κB also supports normal immune physiology[4][7].
References:
- [1]. Liu T, et al. NF-κB signaling in inflammation. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2017;2:17023–. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Oeckinghaus A, et al. The NF-kappaB family of transcription factors and its regulation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2009 Oct;1(4):a000034. [Content Brief]
- [3]. Lawrence T. The nuclear factor NF-kappaB pathway in inflammation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2009 Dec;1(6):a001651. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a001651. Epub 2009 Oct 7. PMID: 20457564; PMCID: PMC2882124. et al. The nuclear factor NF-kappaB pathway in inflammation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2009 Dec;1(6):a001651. [Content Brief]
- [4]. Yu H, et al. Targeting NF-κB pathway for the therapy of diseases: mechanism and clinical study. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2020 Sep 21;5(1):209. [Content Brief]
- [5]. Beg AA, et al. Embryonic lethality and liver degeneration in mice lacking the RelA component of NF-kappa B. Nature. 1995 Jul 13;376(6536):167-70. [Content Brief]
- [6]. Sha WC, et al. Targeted disruption of the p50 subunit of NF-kappa B leads to multifocal defects in immune responses. Cell. 1995 Jan 27;80(2):321-30. [Content Brief]
- [7]. Lee J, et al. BAY 11-7082 is a broad-spectrum inhibitor with anti-inflammatory activity against multiple targets. Mediators Inflamm. 2012;2012:416036. [Content Brief]
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NF-κB Inhibitors
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NF-κB Agonists
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NF-κB Activators
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NF-κB Modulators
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NF-κB Ligand
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NF-κB Related Products (1455)
Related Products (1455)
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Antibodies (24)
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BHA536
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-164462CAS No.: 919992-85-1BHA536 is an orally active selective inhibitor for PKCα/β and NF-kB signaling pathway. BHA536 inhibits the proliferation of CD79-mutated ABC DLBCL cell, arrests cell cycle at G1 phase, and induces apoptosis in TMD8 cell. BHA536 exhibits antitumor efficacy in mice.
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Pinoresinol Diglucoside (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-N0657RCAS No.: 63902-38-5Pinoresinol Diglucoside (Standard) is the analytical standard of Pinoresinol Diglucoside (HY-N0657). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Pinoresinol Diglucoside is an orally active lignan with multifunctional bioactivity. Pinoresinol Diglucoside interacts with targets including ALB, HIF1A, GSK3B, BCL2, MARK3, IL6, NF-κB p65, Nrf2, HO-1, and TLR4, and modulates pathways including PI3K-Akt, estrogen, MAPK, Rap1, AKT/mTOR/NF-κB, and TGF-β1/Smads. Pinoresinol Diglucoside regulates osteogenesis, bone resorption, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, ferroptosis, ferritinophagy, cardiac fibrosis, and vasorelaxation. Pinoresinol Diglucoside can be used for the research of osteoporosis, ischemia/reperfusion-induced brain injury, Alzheimer’s disease, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, chondrodysplasia, diabetic cardiomyopathy, cardiac hypertrophy, hypertension, cisplatin-induced hearing loss, atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, and disuse osteoporosis.
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APC0576
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-124445CAS No.: 318967-58-7
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Carbocisteine-13C3-1
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-D0205AS1CAS No.: 1391068-19-1Synonyms: Carbocysteine-13C3-1Carbocisteine-13C3-1 (Carbocysteine-13C3-1) is 13C labeled Carbocisteine. Carbocisteine is an orally active mucolytic agent. Carbocisteine attenuates the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and ERK1/2. Carbocisteine modulates Nrf2/HO-1 and NFκB interplay. Carbocisteine inhibits Apoptosis. Carbocisteine is used in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research.
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5-Aminosalicylic acid-d7
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-15027S4Synonyms: 5-ASA-d7; Mesalamie-d7; Mesalazie-d75-Aminosalicylic acid-d7 (5-ASA-d7; Mesalamie-d7; Mesalazie-d7) is deuterium labeled 5-Aminosalicylic Acid. 5-Aminosalicylic acid (Mesalamine) acts as a specific PPARγ agonist and also inhibits p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) and NF-κB. 5-Aminosalicylic acid can inhibit the activity of osteopontin (OPN).
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Y-27632 (Standard)
0 ImagesY-27632 (Standard) is the analytical standard of Y-27632 (HY-10071). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Y-27632 is a ROCK inhibitor with Ki values of 220 nM and 300 nM for ROCK1 and ROCK2, respectively. Y-27632 exerts anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in systemic lupus erythematosus models by inhibiting the ROCK/NF-κB pathway. Y-27632 enhances autophagy by inhibiting the AKT/mTOR pathway, thereby inducing apoptosis apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Y-27632 induces the formation of tunneling nanotubes in ARPE-19 cells and significantly enhances mitochondrial transfer through these channels. Y-27632 promotes neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells by activating the Rac1/NOX1/ROS/AKT/PAK1 signaling cascade.
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Quinocetone (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-123581RCAS No.: 81810-66-4Quinocetone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Quinocetone (HY-123581). This product is used for research and analytical purposes. Quinocetone is an orally active animal feed additive used to increase the meat production of livestock and poultry. Quinocetone exhibits antibacterial activity against a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. Quinocetone exhibits tissue-specific (liver, lymphocyte) toxicity. Quinocetone induces autophagy in cells through the ATF6/DAPK1 pathway. Quinocetone activates the NF-κB and iNOS pathways, leading to cell apoptosis, hepatocyte vacuolar degeneration and fibrosis. Quinocetone can inhibit Nrf2/HO-1 and induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress and DNA damage.
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Sodium Salicylate (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: Salicylic acid sodium salt (Standard); 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid sodium salt (Standard)Sodium Salicylate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sodium Salicylate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sodium Salicylate (Salicylic acid sodium salt) inhibits cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity independently of transcription factor (NF-κB) activation. Sodium Salicylate is also a S6K inhibitor.Sodium Salicylate is a NF-κB inhibitor that decreases inflammatory gene expression and improves repair in aged muscle.
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SPC 839 (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-10072RCAS No.: 219773-55-4
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(Rac)-Z-FA-FMK
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-123185CAS No.: 96922-64-4(Rac)-Z-FA-FMK is the racemate of Z-FA-FMK. (Rac)-Z-FA-FMK is an inhibitor of cathepsin B with a Ki of 1.5 μM. (Rac)-Z-FA-FMK inhibits caspase-2, -3, -6, -7, and -9 with IC50s of 6.147, 15.41, 32.45, 9.077, and 110.7 μM. (Rac)-Z-FA-FMK inhibits the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 replication with an IC50 of 11.39 μM. (Rac)-Z-FA-FMK inhibits the increased IL-1β level induced by LPS and NF-κB transactivation in macrophages.
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Urolithin B (Standard)
0 ImagesUrolithin B (Standard) is the analytical standard of Urolithin B. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Urolithin B is one of Ellagitannins' slow microbial products, and has anti-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Urolithin B suppresses NF-κB activity. Urolithin B suppresses JNK, ERK and Akt's oxidation, and increases AMPK's oxidation. Urolithin B is also a quantitative change factor for bone and skin quality.
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Hexamethylene bisacetamide (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: HMBA (Standard)Hexamethylene bisacetamide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Hexamethylene bisacetamide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA) is a differentiation inducer and selective bromine domain inhibitor that can differentiate across the blood-brain barrier. Hexamethylene bisacetamide can induce tumor cell differentiation and inhibit cell proliferation, showing antitumor activity. Hexamethylene bisacetamide induces apoptosis by Notch1, Bcl-2 and p53 signaling pathways. In addition, Hexamethylene bisacetamide improves the obesity phenotype of mice.
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GYY4137 (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-107632RCAS No.: 106740-09-4GYY4137 (Standard) is the analytical standard of GYY4137 (HY-107632). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. GY4137 is a sustained-release H2S donor possessing vasodilatory, antihypertensive, and anti-inflammatory activities. GY4137 can inhibit cell growth, induce apoptosis, and cause cell cycle arrest by blocKing the STAT3 pathway, demonstrating potent anticancer activity.
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Se-Aspirin
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-117429CAS No.: 1850293-95-6Synonyms: Selenium-acetylsalicylic acidSe-Aspirin is a hybrid molecule of selenium and Aspirin (HY-14654). Se-Aspirin reduces the viability of cancer cell lines, particularly colorectal cancer cells.
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Gliquidone (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: AR-DF 26 (Standard)Gliquidone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Gliquidone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Gliquidone can bind to the pancreatic β-cells and increases insulin release to regulate blood glucose levels. Gliquidone significantly decreases LPS (HY-D1056)-induced proinflammatory responses and inhibits ERK/STAT3/NF-κB phosphorylation in BV2 microglial cells. Gliquidone can suppress microgliosis, microglial hypertrophy mediated by LPS, and proinflammatory cytokine COX-2 and IL-6 levels in murine model. Gliquidone also exhibits good anticancer activity in lung carcinoma cells. Gliquidone has antioxidant property. Gliquidone can be studied in research for type 2 diabetes and cancers.
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Aristolochic acid A (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: Aristolochic acid I (Standard); TR 1736 (Standard)Aristolochic acid A (Standard) is the analytical standard of Aristolochic acid A. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Aristolochic acid A (Aristolochic acid I; TR 1736) is the main component of plant extract Aristolochic acids, which are found in various herbal plants of genus Aristolochia and Asarum. Aristolochic acid A significantly reduces both activator protein 1 (AP-1) and NF-κB activities. Aristolochic acid A reduces BLCAP gene expression in human cell lines.
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DZ2002 (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-18620RCAS No.: 33231-14-0DZ2002 (Standard) is the analytical standard of DZ2002. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. DZ2002 is an orally active, reversible and low-cytotoxic type III SAHH inhibitor (Ki=17.9 nM), with good immunosuppressive activity. DZ2002 prevents the development of experimental dermal fibrosis by reversing the profibrotic phenotype of various cell types. DZ2002 can be used in studies of autoimmune diseases such as lupus syndrome and systemic sclerosis.
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CAY10657
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-118312CAS No.: 494772-86-0CAY10657 is an inhibitor for NF-κB pathway. CAY10657 downregulates expressions of proinflammatory cytokine (IL-6) and chemokine (MCP-1), and thus exhibits anti-inflammatory efficacy against meningitis induced by Streptococcus suis.
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Ethalfluralin
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-W714214CAS No.: 55283-68-6Ethalfluralin is a dinitroaniline herbicide and microtubule inhibitor. Ethalfluralin blocks nuclear division and cytokinesis of parasites by inhibiting intranuclear spindle formation. Ethalfluralin activates the phosphorylation levels of NF-κB and P38 MAPK, inhibits the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, impairs mitochondrial function, and induces apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and ROS production. Ethalfluralin is applicable to research related to toxoplasmosis.
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Acenocoumarol-d5
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-B1014SCAS No.: 1185071-64-0Acenocoumarol-d5 is the deuterium labeled Acenocoumarol (HY-B1014). Acenocoumarol is an anticoagulant that functions as a Vitamin K antagonist. Acenocoumarol inhibits MAPK/ERK/JNK signaling pathway, reduces the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65, activates Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway. Acenocoumarol induces apoptosis in cell A549, arrests cell cycle at S phase.
