2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. COX

COX

Cyclooxygenase

COX

Related Products

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Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

COX Isoform Specific Products:

COX Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N18001
    Plantanone A
    		Inhibitor
    Plantanone A is a COX inhibitor with an IC50 of 33.37 μM against ovine COX-1 and an IC50 of 46.16 μM against ovine COX-2. Plantanone A exhibits weak DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50: 467.7 μM). Plantanone A can be used in the research of inflammation-related diseases.
    Plantanone A
  • HY-N0041R
    Ginsenoside Rb3 (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Ginsenoside Rb3 (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ginsenoside Rb3. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ginsenoside Rb3 is extracted from steamed Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Ginsenoside Rb3 exhibits inhibitory effect on TNFα-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity with an IC50 of 8.2 μM in 293T cell lines. Ginsenoside Rb3 also inhibits the induction of COX-2 and iNOS mRNA.
    Ginsenoside Rb3 (Standard)
  • HY-182610
    ISP-VT
    		Inhibitor
    ISP-VT (Isopropyl vanillate) is a COX-2 inhibitor. ISP-VT exhibits anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and immunomodulatory activities. ISP-VT reduces neutrophil migration and the release of inflammatory factors. ISP-VT can be used for the research of inflammatory and immune diseases and other conditions.
    ISP-VT
  • HY-171656
    G721-0282
    		Inhibitor 99.96%
    G721-0282 is an orally active CHI3L1 inhibitor. G721-0282 can reduce the expression of inflammatory proteins and cytokines. G721-0282 inhibits the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. G721-0282 inhibits neuroinflammation and reduces anxious behavior. G721-0282 significantly inhibits the proliferation of osteosarcoma (OS) cells by suppressing the STAT3 signaling pathway. G721-0282 induces OS cell apoptosis by upregulating pro-apoptotic protein levels and downregulating anti-apoptotic protein levels. G721-0282 can be used for researches on neuroinflammatory conditions and cancer.
    G721-0282
  • HY-147748
    COX-2-IN-17
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-17 (compound 10) is a potent and BBB-penetrated COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 0.02 μM. COX-2-IN-17 shows anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. COX-2-IN-17 attenuates hyperalgesia in the neurogenic phase as well as the inflammatory phase.
    COX-2-IN-17
  • HY-N0001S
    (±)-Epicatechin-13C3
    (±)-Epicatechin-13C3 is the 13C labeled (±)-Epicatechin. (-)-Epicatechin (HY-N0001) inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC50 of 3.2 μM. (-)-Epicatechin inhibits the IL-1β-induced expression of iNOS by blocking the nuclear localization of the p65 subunit of NF-κB.
    (±)-Epicatechin-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-162228
    VI-60
    		Inhibitor
    VI-60 is a dual, orally active inhibitor of cPLA2 and COX-2, which reveals an anti-inflammtory efficacy through the inhibition of p38 MAPK/cPLA2/COX-2/PGE2 pathway.
    VI-60
  • HY-N0904R
    Ginsenoside C-K (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Ginsenoside C-K (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ginsenoside C-K. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ginsenoside C-K, a bacterial metabolite of G-Rb1, exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by reducing iNOS and COX-2. Ginsenoside C-K exhibits an inhibition against the activity of CYP2C9 and CYP2A6 in human liver microsomes with IC50s of 32.0±3.6 μM and 63.6±4.2 μM, respectively.
    Ginsenoside C-K (Standard)
  • HY-183764
    COX-2/5-LOX-IN-8
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2/5-LOX-IN-8 is an orally active dual COX-2/5-LOX inhibitor, with an IC50 of 6.30 μM against sheep-derived COX-2 and an IC50 of 8.09 μM against 5-LOX. COX-2/5-LOX-IN-8 acts as a membrane stabilizer that stabilizes erythrocyte membranes against hypotonicity-induced hemolysis. COX-2/5-LOX-IN-8 functions as a protein stabilizer that inhibits heat-induced denaturation of bovine serum albumin. COX-2/5-LOX-IN-8 reduces paw swelling, improves hind limb weight-bearing function, decreases serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, CRP), and lowers serum levels of cartilage degradation biomarkers (COMP, MMP-3, CTX-II). COX-2/5-LOX-IN-8 can be used in the research of osteoarthritis.
    COX-2/5-LOX-IN-8
  • HY-N1390R
    Syringaldehyde (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Syringaldehyde (Standard) is the analytical standard of Syringaldehyde. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Syringaldehyde is a polyphenolic compound belonging to the group of flavonoids and is found in different plant species like Manihot esculenta and Magnolia officinalis. Syringaldehyde moderately inhibits COX-2 activity with an IC50 of 3.5 μg/mL. Anti-hyperglycemic and anti-inflammatory activities.
    Syringaldehyde (Standard)
  • HY-168340
    COX-2/15-LOX-IN-6
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2/15-LOX-IN-6 (Compound 5l) is the dual inhibitor for COX-2 and 15-LOX, with IC50 of 0.201 μM and 11.723 μM. COX-2/15-LOX-IN-6 inhibits the expression of PGE, TNF-α, IL-6 and iNOS in serum, and exhibits anti-inflammatory effect in Carrageenan (HY-125474)-induced rats edema model.
    COX-2/15-LOX-IN-6
  • HY-B0335S
    Tolfenamic acid-d4
    		Inhibitor
    Tolfenamic acid-d4 is the deuterium labeled Tolfenamic Acid. Tolfenamic Acid (GEA 6414) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agent, selectively inhibits COX-2, with an IC50 of 13.49 μM (3.53 μg/mL) in LPS-treated (COX-2) canine DH82 monocyte/macrophage cells, but shows no effect on COX-1.
    Tolfenamic acid-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-14397AR
    Indomethacin sodium hydrate (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Dimethenamide-P (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dimethenamide-P. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dimethenamide-P is an amide herbicide effective for the pre-emergence management of annual grasses, small-seeded broadleaf weeds, and sedges in ornamental plants, functioning by inhibiting the synthesis of long-chain fatty acids.
    Indomethacin sodium hydrate (Standard)
  • HY-151428
    Antitumor agent-78
    		Activator
    Antitumor agent-78 is an antitumor agent, inhibits cancer cells growth and migration. Antitumor agent-78 triggers ferroptosis by inhibiting GPx-4 and elevating COX2. Antitumor agent-78 also activates intrinsic apoptotic pathway (Bax-Bcl-2-caspase-3) and hinders Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of cancer cells.
    Antitumor agent-78
  • HY-B2121R
    6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid (Standard) (6-MNA (Standard)) is the analytical standard of 6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid (HY-B2121). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid (6-MNA) is the active metabolite of Nabumetone (HY-B0559). 6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid is also an inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2. 6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid can inhibit the synthesis of gastric mucosal prostaglandin E2. 6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid can be used in the research of inflammation and pain-related diseases. In addition, 6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid is an impurity in Naproxen (HY-15030) and can also be used in the synthesis of other active compounds.
    6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid (Standard)
  • HY-B0476S1
    Phenacetin-13C
    		99.9%
    Phenacetin-13C is the 13C labeled Phenacetin. Phenacetin (Acetophenetidin) is a non-opioid analgesic/antipyretic agent. Phenacetin is a selective COX-3 inhibitor. Phenacetin is used as probe of cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP1A2 in human liver microsomes and in rats.
    Phenacetin-<sup>13</sup>C
  • HY-17474AS
    Parecoxib-d5 sodium
    		Inhibitor
    Parecoxib-d5 sodium is the deuterium labeled Parecoxib sodium. Parecoxib Sodium (SC 69124A) is a highly selective and orally active COX-2 inhibitor, the proagent of Valdecoxib (HY-15762). Parecoxib Sodium is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) and inhibits prostaglandin (PG) synthesis. Parecoxib Sodium can be used for the relief of acute postoperative pain and symptoms of chronic inflammatory conditions such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis in vivo.
    Parecoxib-d<sub>5</sub> sodium
  • HY-170585
    COX-2-IN-51
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-51 (E25) is a potent COX-2 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 70.7 nM. COX-2-IN-51 significantly inhibits LPS-induced release of NO and PGE2, expression of COX-2 and iNOS, and activation of NF-κB pathway. COX-2-IN-51 exhibits anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in diverse murine models through inhibiting NF-κB pathway. COX-2-IN-51 has lower gastrointestinal side effects than Indomethacin (HY-14397).
    COX-2-IN-51
  • HY-N19724
    Buddledin A
    		Inhibitor
    Buddledin A is a 5-LOX inhibitor (IC50 = 50.4 μM) and a COX inhibitor (IC50 = 13.7 μM). Buddedin A inhibits arachidonic acid metabolism via the 5-LOX and COX pathways, suppresses fungal growth, and exerts toxic effects on fish. Buddedin A may play an ecological role in protecting plant roots and stem barks from fungal infection. Buddedin A can be used in studies related to fungal infections.
    Buddledin A
  • HY-181766
    EGFR/VEGFR2-IN-11
    		Inhibitor
    EGFR/VEGFR2-IN-11 is an EGFR/VEGFR2 inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.62 μM (human EGFR), 2.26 μM (human VEGFR-2), 17.38 μM (human COX-2), and 19.31 μM (human tubulin). EGFR/VEGFR2-IN-11 inhibits COX-2 activity and tubulin polymerization. EGFR/VEGFR2-IN-11 induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. EGFR/VEGFR2-IN-11 exerts selective and antiproliferative activity against human cancer cells. EGFR/VEGFR2-IN-11 can be used for the research of colon carcinoma, breast carcinoma, leukemia, lymphoma, glioblastoma.
    EGFR/VEGFR2-IN-11
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
COX Isoform Comparison

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