NLRP3
NLRP3 (NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3) is a cytosolic pattern-recognition receptor that functions as the sensor component of the NLRP3 inflammasome, enabling innate immune cells to detect microbial motifs, endogenous danger signals, and environmental irritants[1]. Upon activation, NLRP3 oligomerizes and recruits the adaptor ASC and pro-caspase-1, leading to inflammasome assembly, caspase-1 activation, and subsequent maturation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 as well as gasdermin D-mediated pyroptosis[1][2]. Mechanistically, canonical NLRP3 activation requires a priming step that enhances NLRP3 and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, followed by an activation step triggered by diverse stimuli including extracellular ATP, microbial toxins, silica particles, and monosodium urate crystals[2]. Through these signaling processes, NLRP3 regulates inflammation, host defense, and immune homeostasis, while excessive activation promotes pathological inflammatory responses[1][3]. Dysregulated NLRP3 inflammasome activity has been implicated in autoinflammatory syndromes, gout, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, inflammatory bowel disease, and other inflammation-associated conditions[1][3][4]. Compared with other inflammasome-forming NOD-like receptors such as NLRP1 and NLRC4, NLRP3 is distinguished by its ability to respond to an exceptionally broad spectrum of pathogen-associated and danger-associated signals rather than a limited set of ligands[1][4]. For experimental applications, selective NLRP3 inhibitors such as MCC950 suppress inflammasome assembly by targeting the NACHT domain and are widely used to investigate NLRP3-dependent inflammatory mechanisms in preclinical disease models[4].
References:
- [1]. Swanson KV, et al. The NLRP3 inflammasome: molecular activation and regulation to therapeutics. Nat Rev Immunol. 2019 Aug;19(8):477-489. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Shin HJ, et al. Molecular mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Exp Mol Med. 2026 Mar;58(3):650-663. [Content Brief]
- [3]. Chen Y, et al. The NLRP3 inflammasome: contributions to inflammation-related diseases. Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2023 Jun 27;28(1):51. [Content Brief]
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NLRP3 Related Products (235)
Related Products (235)
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Recombinant Proteins (1)
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Antibodies (1)
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Dexpramipexole
0 ImagesSynonyms: (R)-Pramipexole; R-(+)-Pramipexole; KNS-760704Dexpramipexole ((R)-Pramipexole) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable mitochondrial protective agent. Dexpramipexole upregulates the expression of Parkin, PINK1, GPX4 and FSP1; binds to mitochondrial F1/Fo-ATP synthase; blocks the Nav1.8 sodium channel; and inhibits the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Dexpramipexole induces mitophagy, inhibits ferroptosis, pyroptosis, apoptosis, neuroinflammation and eosinophilopoiesis; maintains mitochondrial function and redox homeostasis; reduces reactive oxygen species production; and decreases myocardial infarct size. Dexpramipexole is applicable to studies on eosinophilic asthma, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, sepsis-associated encephalopathy, analgesia, and more.
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YQ128
0 ImagesYQ128 is a potent and selective second-generation NLRP3 (NOD-like receptor P3) inflammasome inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.30 μM. YQ128 significantly and selectively suppresses the production of IL-1β, but not TNF-α, and it can cross the BBB to reach the CNS. YQ128 has anti-inflammatory activity. YQ128 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
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NP3-562
0 ImagesNP3-562 is an orally active NLRP3 Inhibitor. NP3-562 inhibits IL-1β release in the supernatant of Nigericin (HY-127019)-stimulated THP-1 cells (IC50 = 66 nM), human whole blood (IC50 = 214 nM) and a mouse acute peritonitis model. NP3-562 can be used for the study of acute peritonitis.
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Nigakinone
0 ImagesNigakinone is an orally active FXR agonist and NLRP3 inhibitor. Nigakinone suppresses bile acid-induced inflammation and cell damage, regulates the bile acid profile, and alleviates intestinal mucosal barrier injury. Nigakinone synergizes with Irinotecan (HY-16562) to inhibit the proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer cells as well as the growth of subcutaneous xenograft tumors. Nigakinone can be used in research related to ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer.
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Pteryxin
0 ImagesSynonyms: (+)-PteryxinPteryxin ((+)-Pteryxin) is an orally active multi-target inhibitor that targets NF-κB, MAPK, NLRP3 inflammasome, and Nrf2/ARE pathways. Pteryxin is also a BChE inhibitor (IC50=12.96 μg/mL) with a low inhibitory efficiency on AChE. Pteryxin inhibits the Ca2+-calcineurin-NFATc1 pathway by blocking NF-κB/MAPK signaling, inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and reducing ROS generation, and activates Nrf2-mediated antioxidant enzyme expression. Pteryxin has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and osteoclastogenesis inhibitory activities. Pteryxin can be used in the study of inflammatory diseases, osteoporosis, diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease.
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HMGB1-IN-1
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-155751Purity: 98.40%HMGB1-IN-1 (compound 6) displays strong NO inhibitory effect in RAW264.7 cells with IC50 value of 15.9 ± 0.6 μM. HMGB1-IN-1 inhibit the HMGB1/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. HMGB1-IN-1 shows good anti-inflammatory activity and good anti-sepsis effects in kidney injury.
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Physalin B
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-N7695CAS No.: 23133-56-4Physalin B is an orally active anti-inflammatory and anticancer agent. Physalin B can be isolated from Physalis alkekengi L. var. Franchetii. Physalin B inhibits the activation of the NF-κB, NLRP3 inflammasome, STAT3, PI3K/Akt and Hedgehog signaling pathways, regulates the phosphorylation levels of GSK-3β, p38 MAPK, ERK1/2 and JNK, and promotes the nuclear translocation of NRF2. Physalin B reduces the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and factors, induces mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mito-ROS) production, Apoptosis, G2/M cell cycle arrest and incomplete Autophagy, alters cytoskeleton structure and alleviates oxidative stress. Physalin B reduces cancer cell viability, ameliorates liver and lung tissue damage and alleviates liver fibrosis. Physalin B can be used in research related to ulcerative colitis, breast cancer, acute lung injury, colon cancer, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, lymphoma, ovarian cancer, sarcoma and leukemia.
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P2Y14R antagonist 1
0 ImagesP2Y14R antagonist 1 (compound I-17) is a selective P2Y14R antagonist with an IC50 of 0.6 nM. It exhibits potent P2Y14R antagonistic activity, both in vitro and in vivo efficacy, and favorable pharmacokinetic profiles. P2Y14R antagonist 1 reduces the release of inflammatory factors and cell pyroptosis through the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3)/gasdermin D (GSDMD) signaling pathway. P2Y14R antagonist 1 holds promise for research in the field of acute gouty arthritis.
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Cichoriin
0 ImagesCichoriin is an orally active coumarin glycoside with broad biological activities. Cichoriin exhibits inhibitory activities against α-amylase, α-glucosidase, pancreatic lipase and DPP-IV, with IC50 values of 5.76, 2.94, 16.83 and 9.16 μg/mL, respectively. Cichoriin significantly improves metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) in mice by activating the AMPK signaling pathway. Cichoriin upregulates PPAR-γ in adipose tissue and alleviates obesity and associated cardiorenal injury in rats. Cichoriin blocks monosodium urate crystal-induced activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and cell pyroptosis by inhibiting P2Y14R (IC50 = 8.47 nM). In silico virtual screening reveals that Cichoriin has a strong binding affinity for SARS-CoV-2.
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M464
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-179494Purity: 99.58%M464, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory compound, is a potent and orally active NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor. M464 inhibits pyroptosis and hinders the activation of downstream Caspase-1 expression and the release of IL-1β by impeding ASC oligomerisation and curtailing ROS production. M464 exhibits protective effects against acute lung and liver injury in mice. M464 can be used for the research of NLRP3-related inflammatory diseases.
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AMS-17
0 ImagesAMS-17 is a potent NLRP3 inhibitor, inhibiting microglia activation in vitro and in vivo. AMS-17 also inhibits cytokines such as caspase-1, TNF-α, IL-1β and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in N9 cells. AMS-17 can be used for researching inflammation-associated neurological disorders, such as vascular dementia (VaD).
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NLRP3 modulator 7
0 ImagesNLRP3 modulator 7 (Compound 17B) is a NLRP3 inflammasome modulator. NLRP3 modulator 7 inhibits LPS (HY-D1056)-induced IL-1β release in fresh human whole blood. NLRP3 modulator 7 can be used in studies related to NLRP3 inflammasome activation and innate immune signaling.
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JT001 sodium
0 ImagesSynonyms: NLRP3-IN-19 sodiumJT001 (NLRP3-IN-19) sodium is a potent, specific and orally active inhibitor of NLRP3. JT001 sodium can inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome assembly, resulting in the inhibition of cytokine release and the prevention of pyroptosis. JT001 sodium can be used for the research of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis.
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Articaine hydrochloride
0 ImagesSynonyms: Hoe-045Articaine (Hoe-045) hydrochloride is a selective inhibitor of voltage-gated sodium channels (such as rNav1.4, hNav1.7, and rNav1.8), with an IC50 of 15.8 μM for open-state Na+ channels, and IC50 of 40.6 μM and 378 μM for inactivated and resting-state Na+ channels, respectively. Articaine hydrochloride exerts local anesthetic activity by inhibiting Na+ influx to block nerve impulse conduction, and can also inhibit NF-κB activation and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways, exhibiting anti-inflammatory function. Articaine hydrochloride can be used in the study of dental local anesthesia and inflammatory-related diseases (such as acute kidney injury).
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ATP-13C2 dilithium
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-B2176S7Synonyms: Adenosine 5'-triphosphate-13C2 dilithiumATP-13C2 (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate-ATP-13C2) dilithium is the 13C2-labeled ATP (HY-B2176). ATP is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation. ATP can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and induce IL-1β and chemokines secretion. ATP has anti-bacterial infection effects and can protect mice against bacterial infection in mice.
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ATP-d14 dilithium
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-B2176S4Purity: 99.98%Synonyms: Adenosine 5'-triphosphate-d14 dilithiumATP-d14 (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate-ATP-d14) dilithium is the d14-labeled ATP (HY-B2176). ATP is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation. ATP can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and induce IL-1β and chemokines secretion. ATP has anti-bacterial infection effects and can protect mice against bacterial infection in mice.
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Hecogenin acetate
0 ImagesHecogenin acetate is an orally active steroid saponin aglycone with extensive biological activities. Hecogenin acetate inhibits the phosphorylation of NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling pathways, antagonizes TRPA1/TRPM8 channels, inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Hecogenin acetate inhibits the production of ROS and the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome; downregulates the expression of MMP-2, and has neuroprotective and anti-tumor activities. Hecogenin acetate enhances gastric mucosal defense and promotes ulcer healing. Hecogenin acetate can be used in combination with certain antibiotics to regulate bacterial efflux pumps and restore antibiotic sensitivity.
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VEN-02XX
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-172941Purity: 99.66%VEN-02XX is an orally active and brain-permeable NLRP3 inhibitor. VEN-02XX inhibits the release of IL-1β and IL-18 (IC50 0.3 and 0.28 μM, respectively). VEN-02XX restores memory and cognition, inhibits microgliosis, and reduces neuroinflammation and tau pathology in the 5XFAD/Rubicon KO mouse model. VEN-02XX may be used in the study of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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ATP-13C10,15N5 ammonium solution (100mM)
0 ImagesSynonyms: Adenosine 5'-triphosphate-13C10,15N5 ammonium solution (100mM)ATP-13C10,15N5 (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate-ATP-13C10,15N5) ammonium solution (100 mM) is the 13C10,15N5-labeled ATP (HY-B2176). ATP is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation. ATP can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and induce IL-1β and chemokines secretion. ATP has anti-bacterial infection effects and can protect mice against bacterial infection in mice.
