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Results for "

microbiota

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

135

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1

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6

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3

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1

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68

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12

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

2

Oligonucleotides

Cat. No. Product Name Target Research Areas Chemical Structure
  • HY-B0470
    Neomycin sulfate
    Maximum Cited Publications
    68 Publications Verification

    		 Environmental Pollutants Antibiotic Phospholipase Bacterial Infection Metabolic Disease Cancer
    Neomycin sulfate, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, exerts antibacterial activity through irreversible binding of the nuclear 30S ribosomal subunit, thereby blocking bacterial protein synthesis. Neomycin sulfate is a known phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor. Neomycin sulfate potently inhibits both the nuclear translocation of angiogenin and angiogenin-induced cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Neomycin sulfate inhibits IP3-mediated Ca 2+ release, MgATP-dependent Ca 2+ uptake, and electrical excitation-evoked skeletal muscle Ca 2+ transients. Neomycin sulfate depletes gut microbiota in specific mouse models, causes hearing impairment, and kidney damage with prolonged exposure. Neomycin sulfate can be used for the research of cancer .
    Neomycin sulfate
  • HY-N7075
    Inulin
    4 Publications Verification

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Infection Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Cancer
    Inulin is an orally active prebiotic targeting the intestinal microbiota, selectively promoting the proliferation and activity of beneficial bacteria such as bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria, and playing a role in regulating the intestinal microecology. The functions of Inulin include: Fermentation by probiotics in the colon to produce short-chain fatty acids (such as butyrate and propionate), lowering the intestinal pH and inhibiting the overgrowth of harmful bacteria; Enhancing the intestinal barrier function and reducing endotoxin translocation; Directly scavenging free radicals (such as superoxide free radicals, hydroxyl free radicals) and activating antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT) to reduce oxidative stress. Inulin can also be used in the study of intestinal diseases (constipation, IBD), metabolic syndrome (diabetes, obesity) and liver damage by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism (such as reducing triglycerides, improving insulin sensitivity) and immune response (enhancing NK cell activity, inhibiting inflammatory factors)[1][2][3][4].
    Inulin
  • HY-113270A
    Actinine chloride

    γ-Butyrobetaine chloride; Deoxycarnitine chloride

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease
    Actinine (γ-Butyrobetaine) chloride is angiopathic substance produced as an intermediary metabolite by gut microbiota that feed on carnitine in dietary red meat.
    Actinine chloride
  • HY-N1902
    4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

    		Keap1-Nrf2 Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, a major microbiota-derived metabolite of polyphenols, is involved in the antioxidative action. 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid induces expression of Nrf2 .
    4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid
  • HY-N6871
    Abietic acid
    3 Publications Verification

    		 Bacterial IKK Ferroptosis Infection Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Abietic acid, an orally active diterpene isolated from Colophony, displays significant anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity effect, bacteriostatic, cell cycle arresting and pro-apoptotic activities. Abietic acid inhibits lipoxygenase activity for allergy. Abietic acid enhances cell migration and tube formation in HUVECs. Abietic acid induces significant angiogenic potential, which is associated with upregulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 expression. Abietic acid attenuates sepsis-induced lung injury by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway to inhibit M1 macrophage polarization. Abietic acid exhibits a positive effect against liver injury by attenuating inflammation and ferroptosis. Abietic acid shows accelerated wound closure in a mouse model of cutaneous wounds. Abietic acid significantly reduces the proliferation and growth of NSCLC cells by IKKβ inhibition.Additionally, Abietic acid ameliorates psoriasis-like inflammation and modulates gut microbiota in mice. Abietic acid is promising for research in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), liver injury-related deseases and psoriasis .
    Abietic acid
  • HY-W011910
    Potassium 1H-indol-3-yl sulfate
    1 Publications Verification

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Cytochrome P450 UGT Interleukin Related Metabolic Disease
    Potassium 1H-indol-3-yl sulfate is a metabolite of tryptophan, produced by intestinal microorganisms and combined with sulfate in the liver before entering the circulatory system. Potassium 1H-indol-3-yl sulfate is a potent endogenous agonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and a urinary toxin. Potassium 1H-indol-3-yl sulfate can be used for research on kidney diseases .
    Potassium 1H-indol-3-yl sulfate
  • HY-N0535
    (+)-Magnoflorine chloride
    1 Publications Verification

    Magnoflorine chloride; α-Magnoflorine chloride; Thalictrine chloride

    		 Fungal Autophagy Apoptosis PINK1/Parkin NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Caspase JNK NF-κB Sirtuin AMPK Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Infection Metabolic Disease
    (+)-Magnoflorine (α-Magnoflorine) chloride is an orally active aporphine alkaloid with multiple biological activities. (+)-Magnoflorine chloride promotes Parkin/PINK1-mediated mitochondrial autophagy, inhibits the activation of NLRP3/Caspase-1 pathway, regulates the intestinal microbiota, and exhibits significant anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. (+)-Magnoflorine chloride inhibits JNK and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways, activates Sirt1/AMPK pathway, alleviates neuronal oxidative stress and apoptosis. Magnoflorine chloride upregulates miR-410-3p, inhibits HMGB1/NF-κB pathway, and has anti-tumor activity. (+)-Magnoflorine chloride also has significant antifungal activity .
    (+)-Magnoflorine chloride
  • HY-N7387
    3-​Oxocholic acid

    3-Dehydrocholic acid

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    3-Oxocholic acid is an oxo-bile acid metabolite and also a major degradation product from cholic by C. perfringens in the intestine. 3-Oxocholic acid is steroid acid found predominantly in bile of mammals .
    3-​Oxocholic acid
  • HY-B1172
    Lactulose
    1 Publications Verification

    4-O-β-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-fructose

    		 Bacterial Interleukin Related DNA/RNA Synthesis Infection Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology Cancer
    Lactulose is an orally active galactose-fructose disaccharide. Lactulose suppresses upregulation of TNF-α and IL-6. Lactulose decreases the degree of DNA damage. Lactulose exhibits many of the properties of other oligosaccharides, including increasing the numbers of Bifidobacteria in feces. Lactulose restores the structure and composition of the intestinal microbiota, mitigates inflammation, and suppresses inflammatory tumorigenesis in mice with colitis-associated cancer. Lactulose can be used in the research of constipation .
    Lactulose
  • HY-N0010
    Geniposidic acid
    5+ Cited Publications

    		 FXR Sirtuin TNF Receptor Interleukin Related Metabolic Disease
    Geniposidic acid is an orally active FXR modulator and SIRT6 activator. Geniposidic acid binds to the Ser332 and His447 sites on the FXR ligand-binding domain, thereby driving nuclear translocation, coactivator recruitment, and transcription of downstream bile acid and cholesterol metabolism-related genes. Geniposidic acid improves metabolic dysfunction-related fatty liver disease by activating the SIRT6 signaling pathway. Geniposidic acid inhibits inflammation and modulates gut microbiota to alleviate colitis. Geniposidic acid can be used in research on drug-induced liver injury, inflammatory bowel disease, metabolic dysfunction-related fatty liver disease, and metabolic dysfunction-related steatohepatitis .
    Geniposidic acid
  • HY-W674241
    4-Ethylphenyl sulfate

    		Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Neurological Disease Cancer
    4-Ethylphenyl sulfate is an orally active and brain-penetrant gut microbial metabolite. 4-Ethylphenyl sulfate downregulates Bcl2 expression, upregulates Bax expression, and induces cancer cell apoptosis via the endogenous apoptotic pathway. 4-Ethylphenyl sulfate induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. 4-Ethylphenyl sulfate impairs oligodendrocyte maturation, reduces oligodendrocyte-neuron interactions, decreases axonal myelination levels, and shifts the oligodendrocyte population toward immature precursor cells. 4-Ethylphenyl sulfate alters brain region-specific neural activity and functional connectivity in mice, and correlates with anxiety-like behaviors in mice .
    4-Ethylphenyl sulfate
  • HY-N2183
    Baimaside
    3 Publications Verification

    Quercetin 3-O-sophoroside

    		 SARS-CoV Infection Neurological Disease
    Baimaside (Quercetin 3-O-sophoroside) is a flavonoid cholinergic function modulator that binds to SARS-CoV-2-related targets. Baimaside regulates the expression of cholinergic system-related proteins and acetylcholine levels, improves scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment, protects hippocampal neurons, inhibits pollen protein fluorescence, and protects pollen DNA. Its biosynthesis is regulated by multiple enzymes. Baimaside is completely absorbed in rats, undergoes phase Ⅱ metabolism and gut microbiota decomposition, and inhibits the invasion and proliferation of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants, making it suitable for research related to Alzheimer's disease and COVID-19 .
    Baimaside
  • HY-B0278
    Bacitracin Zinc
    1 Publications Verification

    Zinc bacitracin

    		 Environmental Pollutants Antibiotic Bacterial Infection
    Bacitracin Zinc is a complex formed by the binding of Bacitracin (HY-107193) with zinc ions. Bacitracin Zinc is an orally active polypeptide antibiotic with bactericidal properties. Bacitracin Zinc can cause DNA and deoxyribose damage, as well as improve the gut microbiota of broiler and beef cattle .
    Bacitracin Zinc
  • HY-100685
    MS-444
    2 Publications Verification

    BE-34776

    		 HuR Apoptosis COX Neurological Disease Cancer
    MS-444 (BE-34776) is a HuR (ELAVL1) inhibitor that blocks the cytoplasmic translocation of HuR and inhibits its dimerization. MS-444 reduces cytoplasmic HuR levels by preventing the binding of HuR to ARE-mRNA, without altering the total expression of HuR. MS-444 induces apoptosis, inhibits cell growth, angiogenesis and invasion, and also regulates immune function and microbiota. MS-444 effectively alters the number, size and invasiveness of tumors in various cancer models. MS-444 is tolerable to intraperitoneal injection in vivo and can be applied to research related to colorectal cancer, familial adenomatous polyposis, colitis-associated cancer and glioblastoma .
    MS-444
  • HY-143712
    Allolithocholic acid
    1 Publications Verification

    		 Drug Metabolite G protein-coupled Bile Acid Receptor 1 ROR Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Allolithocholic acid is an orally active metabolite of Lithocholic acid (HY-B0172). Allolithocholic acid is a dual GPBAR1 agonist (EC50 = 2.7 μM) and RORγt inverse agonist (IC50 = 3.4 μM). Allolithocholic acid modulates immune and metabolic pathways, regulates immune cell polarization, prevents M1 macrophage and Th17 CD4 cell polarization. Allolithocholic acid improves insulin sensitivity, reduces liver lipid accumulation, reverses liver immunological, inflammatory and metabolic signaling dysregulation, restores bile acid homeostasis, adipose tissue histopathology/function, and intestinal microbiota composition, modulates intestinal immunity. Allolithocholic acid can be used for the researches of cancer, inflammayion, immunology and metabolic disease .
    Allolithocholic acid
  • HY-N0538
    Xylitol

    Xylite

    		 Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial Autophagy Atg7 Atg8/LC3 Metabolic Disease Cancer
    Xylitol can be classified as a polyol and sugar alcohol, exhibiting inhibitory activity on cancer cell proliferation. It induces autophagy (Autophagy) and cell death in A549 cells by activating the autophagy signaling pathway, as evidenced by the increased expression of LC3-II and Atg5-Atg12 upon Xylitol treatment. Additionally, Xylitol inhibits acetaldehyde production by Candida species, thereby reducing their carcinogenic potential. In vivo, Xylitol induces alterations in the gut microbiota of mice, which may enhance cholesterol accumulation and upregulate hepatic ChREBP, while also slowing tumor growth in the B16F10 melanoma C57BL/6 mouse model .
    Xylitol
  • HY-P1068
    Lysozyme
    5+ Cited Publications

    Muramidase

    		 Bacterial TNF Receptor Interleukin Related TGF-β Receptor Infection Inflammation/Immunology
    Lysozyme (Muramidase) is a conserved antimicrobial protein. Lysozyme exerts its bactericidal effect by hydrolyzing bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan (PG). Lysozyme plays an important role in limiting bacterial growth on mucosal surfaces and other sites, not only controlling potential pathogens but also limiting overgrowth of microbiota to prevent dysbiosis. Extracellular lysozyme can also degrade polymeric PG into soluble fragments, activate NOD receptors in mucosal epithelial cells, and lead to the secretion of chemokines and activating factors by neutrophils and macrophages .
    Lysozyme
  • HY-N0334
    (+)-Magnoflorine

    Magnoflorine; α-Magnoflorine; Thalictrine

    		 Fungal Autophagy Apoptosis PINK1/Parkin NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Caspase JNK NF-κB Sirtuin AMPK Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Cardiovascular Disease Infection Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    (+)-Magnoflorine (α-Magnoflorine) is an orally active aporphine alkaloid with multiple biological activities. (+)-Magnoflorine promotes Parkin/PINK1 -mediated mitochondrial autophagy, inhibits the activation of NLRP3/Caspase-1 pathway, regulates the intestinal microbiota, and exhibits significant anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. (+)-Magnoflorine inhibits JNK and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways, activates Sirt1/AMPK pathway, alleviates neuronal oxidative stress and apoptosis. Magnoflorine upregulates miR-410-3p, inhibits HMGB1/NF-κB pathway, and has anti-tumor activity. (+)-Magnoflorine also has significant antifungal activity .
    (+)-Magnoflorine
  • HY-W019806
    Lacto-N-fucopentaose I

    LNFP I

    		 Endogenous Metabolite CDK Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis Enterovirus Bacterial Infection Inflammation/Immunology
    Lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFPI) is a human milk oligosaccharide (HMO), possessing antiviral and antibacterial activity. Lacto-N-fucopentaose I can reduce capsid protein VP1 to block virus adsorption, promote CDK2 and reduce cyclin E to recover cell cycle S phase block. Lacto-N-fucopentaose I inhibits ROS production and apoptosis in virus-infected cells. Lacto-N-fucopentaose I can also regulate intestinal microbiota to affect immune system development .
    Lacto-N-fucopentaose I
  • HY-N3686
    D-Arabitol

    		AMPK PGC-1α Metabolic Disease
    D-Arabitol is an orally active D-enantiomer of arabitol. D-Arabitol modulates the composition of gut microbiota, increases short-chain fatty acids, and promotes AMPK-PGC-1α-related browning of white adipose tissue. D-Arabitol improves weight gain, fat accumulation, insulin resistance, lipid deposition and inflammatory responses. D-Arabitol serves as the sole carbon/energy source for Bacillus methanolicus MGA3, a strain that can co-utilize it with mannitol. D-Arabitol is applicable to obesity-related research .
    D-Arabitol
  • HY-150520
    Neomycin

    		Antibiotic Phospholipase Infection Cancer
    Neomycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, exerts antibacterial activity through irreversible binding of the nuclear 30S ribosomal subunit, thereby blocking bacterial protein synthesis. Neomycin is a known phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor. Neomycin potently inhibits both the nuclear translocation of angiogenin and angiogenin-induced cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Neomycin inhibits IP3-mediated Ca 2+ release, MgATP-dependent Ca 2+ uptake, and electrical excitation-evoked skeletal muscle Ca 2+ transients. Neomycin depletes gut microbiota in specific mouse models, causes hearing impairment, and kidney damage with prolonged exposure. Neomycin can be used for the research of cancer .
    Neomycin
  • HY-175222
    GlcNAc-MurNAc

    		Toll-like Receptor (TLR) NF-κB Caspase TNF Receptor Interleukin Related Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    GlcNAc-MurNAc, a disaccharide, is a TLR4 agonist with a Kd of 383 μM for murine TLR4. GlcNAc-MurNAc directly binds to TLR4 and activates its downstream NF-κB and IRF pathways. GlcNAc-MurNAc improves Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (HY-116282C)-induced colitis in mice through a TLR4-dependent mechanism. GlcNAc-MurNAc can be used for the study of inflammatory bowel disease .
    GlcNAc-MurNAc
  • HY-N10521
    6'-Sialyllactose
    1 Publications Verification

    		 Bacterial VEGFR Akt ERK Infection Inflammation/Immunology
    6'-Sialyllactose promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria (such as Bifidobacterium and lactobacillus) and inhibits the proliferation of harmful bacteria. 6'-Sialyllactose exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic activities. 6'-Sialyllactose promotes the muscle health .
    6'-Sialyllactose
  • HY-P10352A
    Pediocin PA 1 TFA

    		Bacterial Infection
    Pediocin PA-1 TFA is a class IIa bacteriocin that specifically binds to membrane proteins of susceptible Gram-positive bacteria (such as Listeria monocytogenes) to form voltage-independent hydrophilic pores, leading to dissipation of proton motive force, ATP depletion and cell death. Pediocin PA-1 TFA shows no significant activity against intact Gram-negative bacteria, strains carrying immunity genes and obligate anaerobic commensal gut microbiota, and its bactericidal function depends on the integrity of disulfide bonds, with activity lost upon reduction. Pediocin PA-1 TFA can be used not only as a food biopreservative but also for research on listeriosis .
    Pediocin PA 1 TFA
  • HY-N0334A
    (+)-Magnoflorine iodide
    1 Publications Verification

    Magnoflorine iodide; α-Magnoflorine iodide; Thalictrine iodide

    		 Fungal Autophagy Apoptosis PINK1/Parkin NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Caspase JNK NF-κB Sirtuin AMPK Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Cardiovascular Disease Infection Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    (+)-Magnoflorine (α-Magnoflorine) iodide is an orally active aporphine alkaloid with multiple biological activities. (+)-Magnoflorine iodide promotes Parkin/PINK1 -mediated mitochondrial autophagy, inhibits the activation of NLRP3/Caspase-1 pathway, regulates the intestinal microbiota, and exhibits significant anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. (+)-Magnoflorine iodide inhibits JNK and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways, activates Sirt1/AMPK pathway, alleviates neuronal oxidative stress and apoptosis. Magnoflorine upregulates miR-410-3p, inhibits HMGB1/NF-κB pathway, and has anti-tumor activity. (+)-Magnoflorine iodide also has significant antifungal activity .
    (+)-Magnoflorine iodide
  • HY-N0299
    Stachyose hydrate
    1 Publications Verification

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Stachyose hydrate is an orally active prebiotic that enhances the growth and activity of beneficial bacteria. Stachyose hydrate has hypoglycemic effects and can improve inflammation by regulating gut microbiota. In addition, Stachyose hydrate can induce plant cell apoptosis (Apoptosis). Stachyose hydrate can be used in research on inflammation, gastrointestinal diseases, and agriculture .
    Stachyose hydrate
  • HY-B1134
    Imazalil
    1 Publications Verification

    Enilconazole

    		 Environmental Pollutants Fungal Pregnane X Receptor (PXR) Infection
    Imazalil (Enilconazole) is a fungicide. Imazalil has oral activity and strongly activates mPXR but not mCAR in mouse liver. Imazalil is commonly used to protect various agricultural crops against fungal attack. Imazalil induces developmental abnormalities, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and hepatic metabolism disorder .
    Imazalil
  • HY-N1976
    (+)-(3R,8S)-Falcarindiol
    1 Publications Verification

    (3R,8S)-Falcarindiol; 3(R),8(S),9(Z)-Falcarindiol

    		 Infection Cancer
    (+)-(3R,8S)-Falcarindiol ((3R,8S)-Falcarindiol; 3 (R),8 (S),9 (Z)-Falcarindiol) is an orally active polyacetylene anti-mycobacterial agent. (+)-(3R,8S)-Falcarindiol exhibits antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and mycobacteria. Co-administration of (+)-(3R,8S)-Falcarindiol with (3R)-falcarinol alters the composition of gut microbiota, reduces colonic tumor lesions and slows down polyp growth. (+)-(3R,8S)-Falcarindiol can be used in research related to tuberculosis and colorectal cancer .
    (+)-(3R,8S)-Falcarindiol
  • HY-W032915
    5-Phenylvaleric acid

    5-Phenylpentanoic acid

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Others
    5-Phenylvaleric acid (5-Phenylpentanoic acid) is a major metabolite produced by the gut microbiota during the metabolism of flavan-3-ols and can serve as a biomarker for flavan-3-ol intake. 5-Phenylvaleric acid can also be used as a raw material for the synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates .
    5-Phenylvaleric acid
  • HY-P9929
    Bezlotoxumab
    1 Publications Verification

    BLA761046; MBL-CDB1; MDX-1388

    		 Bacterial Infection
    Bezlotoxumab (BLA761046; MBL-CDB1; MDX-1388) is a fully humanized IgG1/kappa monoclonal antibody directed against Clostridium difficile toxin B. Bezlotoxumab mediates the early reconstitution of gut microbiota to reduce the risk of recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Bezlotoxumab can be used for the study of recurrent Clostridium difficile infection prevention .
    Bezlotoxumab
  • HY-N2217
    Rotundic acid

    		Akt mTOR p38 MAPK Apoptosis Phosphatase Interleukin Related NF-κB PI3K Keap1-Nrf2 Heme Oxygenase (HO) Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Rotundic acid is an orally effective triterpenoid with a Kd value of 51.3 µM for PTP1B. Rotundic acid downregulates the AKT/mTOR pro-survival pathway and modulates the MAPK pathway. Rotundic acid induces cell cycle S-phase arrest, DNA damage and apoptosis; it inhibits migration, invasion, angiogenesis and proliferation of cancer cells. Rotundic acid improves leptin sensitivity, regulates gut microbiota and reduces cellular senescence. Rotundic acid can be used in research related to hepatocellular carcinoma, obesity, aging, acute lung injury and type 2 diabetes .
    Rotundic acid
  • HY-N0237
    Atractyloside A
    3 Publications Verification

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) MyD88 NF-κB Mitochondrial Metabolism Interleukin Related Aquaporin Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Atractyloside A is an orally active inhibitor of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway and also an opener of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP). Atractyloside A interferes with the activation of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway, thereby inhibiting intestinal inflammatory responses. Atractyloside A reverses mucin synthesis impairment, improves intestinal barrier integrity, and restores homeostasis by altering the composition of the gut microbiota. Atractyloside A can be used in studies related to spleen deficiency diarrhea and myocardial injury .
    Atractyloside A
  • HY-N1916
    Coniferyl ferulate
    1 Publications Verification

    		 Glutathione S-transferase P-glycoprotein Apoptosis iGluR CaMK p38 MAPK Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Bacterial Infection Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Coniferyl ferulate is an orally active phenolic acid compound. Coniferyl ferulate is a potent inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase (GST) (IC50 = 0.3 μM), which downregulates P-gp expression, induces apoptosis in B-MD-C1 (ADR+/+) cells, and reverses multidrug resistance. Coniferyl ferulate blocks the NMDAR/NR2B-CaMKII-MAPKs signaling pathway, inhibits ROS production and mitochondrial apoptosis, while reshapes the intestinal microbiota and microbial metabolism, ameliorates colonic inflammation and alleviates depressive symptoms in mice. Coniferyl ferulate can alleviate the toxicity of xylene to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by targeting Mgst2. Coniferyl ferulate exhibits antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus .
    Coniferyl ferulate
  • HY-128442
    Phenyl sulfate

    Phenyl hydrogen sulfate

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    Phenyl sulfate is an orally active gut microbiota-derived metabolite. Phenyl sulfate induces albuminuria and podocyte damage in experimental models of diabetes. Phenyl sulfate can be used as a disease marker in diabetic kidney disease .
    Phenyl sulfate
  • HY-158766
    3-sucCA

    3-Succinylated cholic acid

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial Infection Inflammation/Immunology
    3-sucCA is an orally available bacterial bile acid that exerts anti-MASH effects by promoting the growth of Akkermansia muciniphila. By remodeling the intestinal microbiota and promoting the growth of Akkermansia, 3-sucCA can improve intestinal barrier damage and reduce chronic low-level inflammation, thereby alleviating the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). 3-sucCA accelerates the synthesis of cell wall peptidoglycan and has in vivo efficacy in the mouse MAFL-MASH model. 3-sucCA levels are low in the MAFLD model and are mainly used in the study of MASH .
    3-sucCA
  • HY-18324
    CRS3123
    1 Publications Verification

    REP-3123

    		 Antibiotic Inflammation/Immunology
    CRS3123 is a potent and orally active narrow-spectrum antibiotic. CRS3123 inhibits bacterial methionyl-tRNA synthetase. CRS3123 has potent activity against Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) and aerobic Gram-positive bacteria but little activity against Gram-negative bacteria, including anaerobes. CRS3123 has the potential for the research of C. difficile infections .
    CRS3123
  • HY-W750796
    Butyric acid-13C4 sodium

    Butanoic acid-13C4 sodium

    		 Isotope-Labeled Compounds Endogenous Metabolite
    Butyric acid-13C4 sodium (Butanoic acid-13C4 sodium) is a stable isotope labeled compound with the activity of promoting cell proliferation and regulating gene expression. Butyric acid-13C4 sodium can be used in metabolic research and compound development to help scientists gain a deeper understanding of the role of short-chain fatty acids in organisms. Butyric acid-13C4 sodium also plays an important role in nutrition and intestinal health research, especially in the regulation of probiotic function and intestinal microbiota.
    Butyric acid-13C4 sodium
  • HY-W423191
    Maltobionic acid

    4-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-gluconic acid

    		 Nuclear Factor of activated T Cells (NFAT) Bacterial Infection Metabolic Disease
    Maltobionic acid (4-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-gluconic acid) is an orally active oligosaccharide and iron chelator with antibacterial activity. Maltobionic acid inhibits the expression of NFATc1, suppresses osteoclast differentiation, inhibits bone resorption, and increases serum calcitonin levels. Maltobionic acid protects mammalian cells from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative damage; resists fermentation by the gut microbiota; and exhibits anti-digestive and anti-fermentative properties. Maltobionic acid can be used in research related to osteoporosis, bacterial infections, and constipation .
    Maltobionic acid
  • HY-P10352
    Pediocin PA 1

    		Bacterial Infection
    Pediocin PA 1 is a class IIa bacteriocin that specifically binds to membrane proteins of susceptible Gram-positive bacteria (such as Listeria monocytogenes) to form voltage-independent hydrophilic pores, leading to dissipation of proton motive force, ATP depletion and cell death. Pediocin PA 1 shows no significant activity against intact Gram-negative bacteria, strains carrying immunity genes and obligate anaerobic commensal gut microbiota, and its bactericidal function depends on the integrity of disulfide bonds, with activity lost upon reduction. Pediocin PA 1 can be used not only as a food biopreservative but also for research on listeriosis .
    Pediocin PA 1
  • HY-W013636C
    2-Ketoglutaric acid potassium
    5+ Cited Publications

    Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid potassium

    		 Tyrosinase Endogenous Metabolite TNF Receptor Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
    2-Ketoglutaric acid (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid) (potassium) is an intermediate in the production of ATP or GTP in the Krebs cycle. 2-Ketoglutaric acid potassium is a reversible and orally active inhibitor of tyrosinase with an IC50 value of 15 mM. 2-Ketoglutaric acid potassium also acts as the major carbon skeleton for nitrogen-assimilatory reactions. 2-Ketoglutaric acid potassium significantly suppresses abnormal intestinal permeability, delocalization of tight junction proteins from the intestinal cells, expression of TNFα in vitro and in vivo. 2-Ketoglutaric acid potassium directly binds to TAK1, and inhibits the TRAF6-TAK1 interaction. 2-Ketoglutaric acid potassium also alleviates inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) symptoms and gut microbiota dysbiosis, evident by the improvements in the intestine length .
    2-Ketoglutaric acid potassium
  • HY-103249
    Reutericyclin

    Reutericycline

    		 Bacterial Infection Metabolic Disease
    Reutericyclin (Reutericycline) is an orally active antibacterial and anti-obesity agent that selectively inhibits Gram-positive bacteria. By selectively dissipating transmembrane potential, Reutericyclin exerts non-lytic bactericidal or bacteriostatic activity against pathogens such as Clostridium difficile and Staphylococcus aureus, and rapidly kills vegetative cells and spores of Clostridium difficile. Reutericyclin possesses favorable properties including resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis, iron-chelating function, and poor absorption by colonic epithelium. Reutericyclin not only eradicates staphylococcal biofilms and inhibits drug-resistant strains, but also counteracts Risperidone (HY-11018)-induced weight gain by inducing changes in gut microbiota composition and restoring energy utilization efficiency. Reutericyclin can be used in research related to Clostridium difficile infection, Risperidone-induced weight gain, and staphylococcal superficial skin infections .
    Reutericyclin
  • HY-128421
    Tridecanedioic acid

    Brassylic Acid

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Parasite Infection Metabolic Disease
    Tridecanedioic acid is an endogenous metabolite. Tridecanedioic acid is an endogenous metabolite. Tridecanedioic acid is related to the metabolic regulation of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NASH) and may be an important node molecule in the intestinal microbiota-host metabolism interaction network. Tridecanedioic acid is significantly accumulated in tolerant cabbage-type rapeseed varieties and has a lower content in sensitive varieties. It plays an important role in the defense response against the infection of the small cabbage moth (Plutella xylostella). Tridecanedioic acid can be used as a biomarker for plant insect resistance or a diagnostic marker for metabolic diseases .
    Tridecanedioic acid
  • HY-N4075
    O-Desmethylangolensin

    		Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease Cancer
    O-Desmethylangolensin is a metabolite of soy isoflavone, daidzein metabolized by gut microbiota. O-Desmethylangolensin possesses antioxidant activity .
    O-Desmethylangolensin
  • HY-W585922
    3β-Cholic acid

    		Drug Derivative Others
    3β-Cholic acid is a derivative of cholic acid (HY-N0324), and can be found in human feces .
    3β-Cholic acid
  • HY-156261
    Beef extract

    		Biochemical Assay Reagents Others
    Beef extract is a common ingredient in the preparation of biological culture media .
    Beef extract
  • HY-148044
    UNC10201652

    		β-glucuronidase Bacterial Infection
    UNC10201652 is a potent Loop 1 (L1)-specific gut bacterial β-glucuronidase (GUSs) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.117 μM for E. coli GUS. UNC10201652 can block SN-38 glucuronide (HY-126373) processing only in individuals whose fecal gut microbiota is highly abundant in L1 GUS enzymes .
    UNC10201652
  • HY-113270AS
    Actinine-d9 chloride

    γ-Butyrobetaine-d9 hydrochloride; Deoxycarnitine-d9 hydrochloride

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease
    Actinine-d9 chloride is the deuterium labeled Actinine chloride. Actinine chloride is angiopathic substance produced as an intermediary metabolite by gut microbiota that feed on carnitine in dietary red meat .
    Actinine-d9 chloride
  • HY-W718179
    Hydroxypropyl starch

    2-Hydroxypropyl starch

    		 Biochemical Assay Reagents Metabolic Disease
    Hydroxypropyl starch (2-Hydroxypropyl starch) is a type of modified starch used as a food additive. Hydroxypropyl starch is not absorbed intact by the gut, but is significantly hydrolyzed by intestinal enzymes and then fermented by intestinal microbiota .
    Hydroxypropyl starch
  • HY-P2958
    Choloylglycine hydrolase

    		Biochemical Assay Reagents Metabolic Disease
    Choloylglycine hydrolase is a conjugated bile salt hydrolase that catalyses the hydrolysis of amide bond in conjugated bile acids. Choloylglycine hydrolase is expressed by intestinal microbiota. Choloylglycine hydrolase can be studied in research on type 2 diabetes .
    Choloylglycine hydrolase
  • HY-N3686R
    D-Arabitol (Standard)

    		Reference Standards AMPK PGC-1α Metabolic Disease
    D-Arabitol (Standard) is the analytical standard of D-Arabitol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. D-Arabitol is an orally active D-enantiomer of arabitol. D-Arabitol modulates the composition of gut microbiota, increases short-chain fatty acids, and promotes AMPK-PGC-1α-related browning of white adipose tissue. D-Arabitol improves weight gain, fat accumulation, insulin resistance, lipid deposition and inflammatory responses. D-Arabitol serves as the sole carbon/energy source for Bacillus methanolicus MGA3, a strain that can co-utilize it with mannitol. D-Arabitol is applicable to obesity-related research.
    D-Arabitol (Standard)

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