Interleukin Related Activator

Ovalbumins are the major proteins in egg white. Ovalbumins act as an allergen and inducer, and can be applied to mouse models of allergic diseases. Ovalbumins can induce allergic rhinitis in mice via sensitization and nasal challenge. Ovalbumins can be used to establish asthma models.
Ovalbumin, low endotoxin (HY-W250978A) is recommended for model establishment.

Dexamethasone phosphate (Dexamethasone 21-phosphate) disodium is a prodrug form of the glucocorticoid Dexamethasone (HY-14648). Dexamethasone phosphate disodium is produced by introducing a phosphate ester group at the 21-position of the Dexamethasone molecule, forming a salt with sodium ions, thereby significantly improving water solubility. Dexamethasone phosphate disodium inhibits LPS (HY-D1056)-induced degradation of IRAK-1 and IRAK-4, and blocks LPS-induced activation of TRAF6, p-TAK1 and p-JNK. Dexamethasone phosphate disodium inhibits the secretion of RANTES, TGF-β1 and NO, promotes the production of MIP-1α and IL-10, and blocks microglial migration. Dexamethasone phosphate disodium is almost completely converted to Dexamethasone in rat blood, and supports transdermal delivery via iontophoresis. Dexamethasone phosphate disodium can be used in research related to steroid-dependent ulcerative colitis, chemotherapy-induced vomiting, allergic asthma and acute colitis (inflammatory bowel disease).

Phytohemagglutinin (PHA-M), the major seed lectin of the common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, is a T-cell activator. Phytohemagglutinin stimulates human mononuclear leukocytes, inducing the expression of ChAT mRNA and potentiating ACh synthesis. Phytohemagglutinin induces dose- and time-dependent toxicity in THP-1 monocytes/macrophages, alters cellular morphology, causes organelle dysfunction, and increases the expression of NF-κB, COX2, IL-1β.

DC-Chol hydrochloride is a cationic lipid. DC-Chol hydrochloride could inhibit Aβ40 fibril formation under appropriate experimental conditions. DC-Chol hydrochloride strongly inhibits amyloidogenesis of oxidized hCT in a dose-dependent manner. DC-Chol hydrochloride induces the production of Th1 (IL-2 and IFN-γ) and Th2 (IL-5) cytokines. DC-Chol hydrochloride can enhance the body's immune response to antigens. DC-Chol hydrochloride is used as a gene delivery vector. DC-Chol hydrochloride can be used in research in areas such as hepatitis B vaccines to improve vaccine immunity.

Potassium 1H-indol-3-yl sulfate is a metabolite of tryptophan, produced by intestinal microorganisms and combined with sulfate in the liver before entering the circulatory system. Potassium 1H-indol-3-yl sulfate is a potent endogenous agonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and a urinary toxin. Potassium 1H-indol-3-yl sulfate can be used for research on kidney diseases.

Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium is a type of isoprenoid metabolic intermediate, mainly synthesized through the mevalonate pathway. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium is a key precursor in various biological synthesis processes, especially as a necessary substrate for post-translational modification of proteins - geranylgeranyl phosphorylation. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium regulates various cellular processes and disease progression through protein geranylgeranyl phosphorylation, such as activating the YAP signaling pathway, promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis; promoting IL-2 production and STAT5 phosphorylation; and influencing metabolic homeostasis and cancer, etc.

Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) is a widely used organic phosphorus flame retardant, mainly used as a plasticizer. Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate has orally active hepatotoxicity, inducing an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium ions (Ca²⁺) influx, a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (△Ψm), and causing DNA damage and cell apoptosis. Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate directly binds to FXR, inducing obesity and the formation of fatty liver in mice. Chloroethyl) phosphate activates the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, triggering liver inflammation.

Mannan is an orally active polysaccharide compound that binds to the mannose receptor (MR). Mannan promotes bacterial uptake and endosomal degradation by binding to MR, thereby enhancing the production of IL-12 in immune cells. Mannan enhances ROS production. Mannan modulates immunity, inhibits Aflatoxin B₁ (HY-N6615)-induced toxicity, and reduces lipid.

Alendronate sodium is an orally active bisphosphonate which binds to bone surfaces and inhibits bone resorption by osteoclasts. Alendronate sodium induces skeletal alterations in the chicken embryonic development model. Alendronate sodium can be used for osteoporosis research.

pJAK2(1001-1013) is a cell-penetrating peptide that corresponds to the activation loop of JAK2 tyrosine kinase and functions as a SOCS1/3antagonist. pJAK2 (1001-1013) blocks SOCS1-mediated negative regulation of immune function, and enhances the biological activity of cytokines such as IFNγ and IL6. pJAK2(1001-1013) inhibits the replication of a broad range of viruses and exerts dose-dependent protective efficacy against lethal viral infections. pJAK2(1001-1013) can be used for the study of immune regulation and infection.

Subtilisin (EC 3.4.21.14) is a bacterial serine protease. Subtilisin induces Apoptosis. Subtilisin stimulates the expression of pro-allergic cytokines (IL-1α, IL-33). Subtilisin induces prototypic allergic lung inflammation. Subtilisin exhibits anticancer activity against breast and colon cancer. Subtilisin shows antifouling activity. Subtilisin can be used as a detergent additive.

Pam2CSK4 TFA is a TLR2 agonist. Pam2CSK4 TFA induces the expression of iNOS and NO in macrophage cell lines via TBK1 and MyD88 molecules. Pam2CSK4 TFA activates the NF-κB and Bruton's tyrosine kinase signaling pathways in platelets, and promotes platelet-endothelial cell interactions. TLR2 activation triggered by Pam2CSK4 TFA expands myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and suppresses anti-tumor immune responses in the tumor microenvironment. Pam2CSK4 TFA acts as a Th2-polarizing adjuvant in mouse vaccine models against Leishmania major and Brugia malayi. Pam2CSK4 TFA can be used in the research of various diseases, including thromboinflammatory diseases, sepsis, atherosclerosis, heart failure, influenza, lymphoma, melanoma, cutaneous leishmaniasis and lymphatic filariasis.

Allura Red AC is a food colorant, appearing as a deep red water-soluble powder or granules, used in various applications such as beverages, syrups, candies, and cereals. Allura Red AC can statically quench the intrinsic fluorescence of HSA. Additionally, Allura Red AC is a 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) pathway-associated pro-inflammatory agent, capable of exacerbating experimental colitis. Allura Red AC holds potential for research in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), intestinal barrier function, and food additive safety.

Ovalbumin, low endotoxin are the major proteins in egg white. Ovalbumin, low endotoxin act as an allergen and inducer, and can be applied to mouse models of allergic diseases. Ovalbumin, low endotoxin can induce allergic rhinitis in mice via sensitization and nasal challenge. Ovalbumin, low endotoxin can be used to establish asthma models.

ODN M362 sodium is a TLR9 agonist that acts as a vaccine adjuvant. ODN M362 sodium activates mouse splenocytes, induces apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, upregulates proinflammatory cytokines in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, and inhibits the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. ODN M362 sodium upregulates the expression of TLR9/TLR6, activates downstream signaling pathways via IRAK4 and IRF7, and strongly amplifies antigen-specific cellular immune responses to participate in innate immune activation. ODN M362 sodium can be used in research related to hepatocellular carcinoma and breast cancer.

Perfluorohexane (AF-0150) is a perfluorocarbon. Perfluorohexane is also an enhancer of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) therapy. Perfluorohexane increases HO-1 and IL-10. Perfluorohexane exerts an antioxidant effect. Perfluorohexane alleviates lung injury induced by LPS (HY-D1056A1). Perfluorohexane improves the efficiency and precision of HIFU and reduces damage to surrounding normal tissues. Perfluorohexane can be used in the study of acute lung injury.

Ammonium glycyrrhizinate (Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate) has various pharmacological actions such as anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, antigastriculcer, and antihepatitis activities.

Fluorene is an orally active polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and a precursor to other fluorene-based compounds. Fluorene and its derivatives serve as dye precursors for fluorene synthesis. In A549 cells, Fluorene induces oxidative stress and inflammatory responses by increasing ROS and SOD generation, exacerbating lipid peroxidation, modulating antioxidant enzyme activity, and upregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6. In vivo, Fluorene exhibits anxiolytic activity. Fluorene holds potential for research in inflammation and neurological disorders.

Oncaspar (PEG-L-asparaginase; Pegasparaginase), a pegylated form of native Escherichia coli-derived L-asparaginase, breaks down the amino acid asparagine that are circulating in the bloodstream. Oncaspar plays an important role in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) through asparagine hydrolysis and activation of the integrated stress response (ISR) pathway.

Kaolin is a family of kaolinitic clays, which is found in the earth's crust. Kaolin alleviates the toxicity of graphene oxide for mammalian cells. Kaolin can be utilized in industrial, cosmetic and medical fields, excipient.