PPAR
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a group of nuclear receptor proteins that function as transcription factors regulating gene expression. There are three main isoforms: PPARα, PPARβ/δ, and PPARγ, each with distinct tissue distribution and biological roles. PPARα is primarily expressed in liver, heart, and muscle, where it regulates fatty acid oxidation and lipid metabolism[1]. PPARβ/δ is widely expressed and involved in energy homeostasis, glucose metabolism, and inflammation modulation[1]. PPARγ is highly expressed in adipose tissue and plays a central role in adipogenesis, insulin sensitivity, and lipid storage[2].
References:
- [1]. Man versus microbe. Nat Med. 2004 Dec;10(12 Suppl):S69. doi: 10.1038/nm1149. PMID: 15577933; PMCID: PMC7096048. et al. Nat Med. 2004 Dec;10(12 Suppl):S69. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Kiros M, et al. Trends in HIV-1 pretreatment drug resistance and HIV-1 variant dynamics among antiretroviral therapy-naive Ethiopians from 2003 to 2018: a pooled sequence analysis. Virol J. 2023 Oct 25;20(1):243. [Content Brief]
- [3]. Brent J, et al. Fomepizole for the treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning. Methylpyrazole for Toxic Alcohols Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1999 Mar 18;340(11):832-8. [Content Brief]
- [4]. Liu Y, et al. Neuron-mediated generation of regulatory T cells from encephalitogenic T cells suppresses EAE. Nat Med. 2006 May;12(5):518-25. [Content Brief]
- [5]. Paranjape AN, et al. Introduction of SV40ER and hTERT into mammospheres generates breast cancer cells with stem cell properties. Oncogene. 2012 Apr 12;31(15):1896-909. [Content Brief]
- [6]. Iancu-Rubin C, et al. Whirling Platelets Away for Transfusion. Cell. 2018 Jul 26;174(3):503-504. [Content Brief]
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PPAR Related Products (400)
Related Products (400)
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4010B-30
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-117555CAS No.: 1415477-76-74010B-30 is a upregulator of apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I). 4010B-30 regulates ApoA-I gene expression through activation of PPARγ. 4010B-30 promotes cholesterol efflux and ABCA1 expression. 4010B-30 protects against atherosclerotic lesion development in ApoE-/- mice.
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K-111
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-120943CAS No.: 221564-97-2Synonyms: BM 17.0744K-111 (BM-170744) is an oral active PPAR alpha agonist. K-111 show efficacy in improving insulin resistance, reducing body weight, and ameliorating atherogenic dyslipidemia. K-111 can be used for study of type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia, obesity and the metabolic syndrome.
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PPARγ agonist 17
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-173166CAS No.: 3054652-58-0PPARγ agonist 17 (Compound C1) is a PPARγ agonist. PPARγ agonist 17 enhances PPARγ activity and blocks the cell cycle in G2/M phase, inhibits cell migration and induces apoptosis in HT-29 cells. PPARγ agonist 17 has a broad spectrum anti-proliferative activity in cancer cells with relatively low toxicity in normal cells which cannot cross the blood-brain barrier.
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Demethoxyfumitremorgin C
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-N7569CAS No.: 111768-16-2Demethoxyfumitremorgin C is a secondary metabolite of the marine fungus, Aspergillus fumigatus. Demethoxyfumitremorgin C induces prostate cancer cell apoptosis. Demethoxyfumitremorgin C activates caspase-3, -8, and -9, leading to PARP/ cleavage.
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EPI-001 (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-100348RCAS No.: 227947-06-0EPI-001 (Standard) is the analytical standard of EPI-001. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. EPI-001, a selective inhibitor of Androgen Receptor (AR), targets transactivation unit 5 (Tau-5) of the AR. EPI-001 can inhibit transactivation of the AR amino-terminal domain (NTD), with an IC50 of ~6 μM. EPI-001 is also a selective modulator of PPARγ. EPI-001 is active against castration-resistant prostate cancer.
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PPARδ agonist 9
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-149429CAS No.: 928023-21-6PPARδ agonist 9 (compound 21) is a PPARδ agonist (EC50: 3.6 nM). PPARδ agonist 9 has in vivo efficacy, reducing serum levels of MCP-1 in mice and significantly inhibiting atherosclerosis progression in the LDLr-KO model (inhibition rate: 50-60%).
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PPARγ agonist 7
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-147511CAS No.: 2569295-93-6PPARγ agonist 7 (Compound 3a) is a potent and selective agonist of PPARγ. PPARγ agonist 7 promotes adiponectin production in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) as a novel PPARγ full agonist (EC50, 4.34 μM).
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Daidzein-3',5',8-d3
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-W740360CAS No.: 220930-96-1Daidzein-3',5',8-d3 is the deuterium labeled Daidzein (HY-N0019). Daidzein is a soy isoflavone, which acts as a PPAR activator.
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Oxeglitazar
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-114632CAS No.: 280585-34-4Oxeglitazar is an orally active compound that can be used for the research of type II diabetes.
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5-Aminosalicylic Acid-d3 hydrochloride
0 ImagesSynonyms: Mesalamine-D3 hydrochloride; 5-ASA-D3 hydrochloride; Mesalazine-D3 hydrochloride5-Aminosalicylic Acid-d3 (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled 5-Aminosalicylic Acid. 5-Aminosalicylic acid (Mesalamine) hydrochloride acts as a specific PPARγ agonist and also inhibits p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) and NF-κB.
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Icosabutate (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-121212RCAS No.: 1253909-57-7Desmethyl Sibutramine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Desmethyl Sibutramine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Icosabutate is an orally active engineered fatty acid and a dual FFAR1/FFAR4 (GPR40/GPR120) agonist with EC50 values of 10 μM and 15.5 μM, respectively. Icosabutate acts as a partial agonist of PPAR-α, with an EC50 of 208 nM. Icosabutate inhibits the arachidonic acid cascade and exhibits antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activities. Icosabutate can be used in the research of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, and atherosclerosis.
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Sodium propionate-13C2
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-B1773AS2CAS No.: 83587-75-1Sodium propionate-13C-2 is the 13C-labeled Propionate sodium (HY-B1773A). Sodium propionate is an orally active short-chain fatty acid. Sodium propionate can be produced by intestinal bacteria from the metabolism of dietary fiber. Sodium propionate increases PPAR-γ, inhibits NF-κB activation, and reduces COX-2 expression and NO production. Sodium propionate also induces Apoptosis and Autophagy. Sodium propionate reduces HSV-1-induced keratitis. Sodium propionate has anticancer effects against glioblastoma. Sodium propionate exhibits neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Sodium propionate can be used in the research of spinal cord injury and Alzheimer's disease.
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11-cis-Retinoic Acid-d5
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-14649S211-cis-Retinoic Acid-d5 is the deuterium labeled Retinoic acid. Retinoic acid is a metabolite of vitamin A that plays important roles in cell growth, differentiation, and organogenesis. Retinoic acid is a natural agonist of RAR nuclear receptors, with IC50s of 14 nM for RARα/β/γ. Retinoic acid bind to PPARβ/δ with Kd of 17 nM. Retinoic acid acts as an inhibitor of transcription factor Nrf2 through activation of retinoic acid receptor alpha[1][2].
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WAY-120744
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-123437CAS No.: 127810-07-5WAY-120744 is a novel naphthalenyl 3H-1,2,3,5-oxathiadiazole 2-oxide.
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trans-Cinnamyl alcohol (Standard)
0 Imagestrans-Cinnamyl alcohol is a trans-isomer of Cinnamyl alcohol. Cinnamyl Alcohol is an active component from chestnut flower, inhibits increased PPARγ expression, with anti-obesity activity. trans-Cinnamyl alcohol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cinnamyl alcohols, is a primary metabolite.
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GQ-16 (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-111254RCAS No.: 870554-67-9GQ-16 (Standard) is the analytical standard of GQ-16 (HY-111254). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. GQ-16 is an orally active PPARγ partial agonist with an IC50 of 1.84 μM and a Ki of 160 nM against human PPARγ. GQ-16 inhibits Cdk5-mediated Ser-273 phosphorylation. GQ-16 improves insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in obese and diabetic mice. GQ-16 also exhibits certain cytotoxicity against tumor cells. GQ-16 can be used in research related to obesity, diabetes and cancer.
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Fenofibrate-13C6
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-17356S2CAS No.: 1261395-55-4Fenofibrate-13C6 is a deuterated labeled Fenofibrate. Fenofibrate is a selective PPARα agonist with an EC50 of 30 μM. Fenofibrate also inhibits human cytochrome P450 isoforms, with IC50s of 0.2, 0.7, 9.7, 4.8 and 142.1 μM for CYP2C19, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C8, and CYP3A4, respectively.
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Magnolol (Standard)
0 ImagesMagnolol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Magnolol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Magnolol, a natural lignan isolated from the stem bark of Magnolia officinalis, is a dual agonist of both RXRα and PPARγ, with EC50 values of 10.4 μM and 17.7 μM, respectively.
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Fmoc-leucine (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-101064RCAS No.: 35661-60-0Synonyms: N-FMOC-leucine (Standard); NPC 15199 (Standard); NSC 334290 (Standard)Fmoc-leucine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Fmoc-leucine (HY-101064). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Fmoc-leucine is a selective PPARγ modulator. Fmoc-leucine activates PPARγ with a lower potency but a similar maximal efficacy than rosiglitazone. Fmoc-leucine improves insulin sensitivity in normal, diet-induced glucose-intolerant, and in diabetic db/db mice. Fmoc-leucine has a lower adipogenic activity.
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Rosiglitazone hydrochloride (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: BRL 49653 hydrochloride (Standard)Rosiglitazone (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Rosiglitazone (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Rosiglitazone (BRL 49653) hydrochloride is an orally active selective PPARγ agonist (EC50: 60 nM, Kd: 40 nM). Rosiglitazone hydrochloride is a TRPC5 activator (EC50: 30 μM) and TRPM3 inhibitor. Rosiglitazone hydrochloride can be used in the research of obesity and diabetes, senescence, ovarian cancer.
