2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    NF-κB
  4. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Related Products

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N0154S
    Neohesperidin Dihydrochalcone-d3
    Neohesperidin Dihydrochalcone-d3 (Neohesperidin DC-d3; NHDC-d3) is the deuterium labeled Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone (HY-N0154). Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone is a synthetic glycoside chalcone, is added to various foods and beverages as a low caloric artificial sweetener.
    Neohesperidin Dihydrochalcone-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-B0347S3
    Lacidipine-13C4
    		Inhibitor
    Lacidipine-13C4 is 13C labeled Lacidipine (HY-B0347). Lacidipine is an orally active and highly selective L-type calcium channel blocker that acts on smooth muscle calcium channels, primarily dilates peripheral arteries, reduces peripheral resistance, and has long-lasting anti-hypertensive activity. Lacidipine protects HKCs from apoptosis induced by ATP depletion and recovery by modulating the caspase-3 pathway. Lacidipine can be used in studies of hypertension, atherosclerosis and acute kidney injury (AKI).
    Lacidipine-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-182469
    FuBIG
    		Inhibitor
    FuBIG is an iminoguanidine derivative with neuroprotective effects. FuBIGL inhibits L-LDH activation and reduces lactate production. FuBIGL exerts protective effects on inflammatory nerve cells, upregulates the expressions of AMPK, pAMPK and FOXO3, and activates the AMPK pathway in cells. FuBIG exerts anti-inflammatory effects by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) and increasing the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. FuBIG maintains mitochondrial membrane potential, alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction, reduces ROS production, and relieves oxidative stress. FuBIG upregulates Bcl-2, downregulates Bax and Caspase-3, and inhibits cell apoptosis (apoptosis). FuBIG improves metabolic disorders in diabetic mice, decreases the levels of LDL-C, ALT and AST, and increases HDL-C level simultaneously. FuBIG can be used in the research of diabetic neuroinflammation.
    FuBIG
  • HY-145816
    JPS016
    		Inhibitor
    JPS016 is a class I histone deacetylase (HDAC) PROTAC inhibitor. JPS016 recruits the VHL E3 ligase (Ligands for E3 Ligase) to mediate the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC3. JPS016 reduces the viability of colon cancer cells and induces Apoptosis. JPS016 activates the PINK1/Parkin mitochondrial Autophagy pathway, enhances cardiomyocyte viability, alleviates mitochondrial damage, and reduces mitochondrial ROS production in cells. JPS016 is applicable to research related to colon cancer and sepsis cardiomyopathy.
    JPS016
  • HY-178152
    RuOPt
    		Inducer
    RuOPt is a photoactivatable Ru(II)-Pt(IV) complex with reduced dark toxicity. Under irradiation, RuOPt induces apoptosis, generates ROS, and inhibits tumor spheroid growth, demonstrating comparable phototoxicity.
    RuOPt
  • HY-176162
    BJ-13
    		Inducer
    BJ-13 is a reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducer that can lead to mitochondrial membrane potential collapse and caspase-dependent apoptosis. BJ-13 inhibits the proliferation of SGC-7901, U-87MG, and HepG-2 cancer cells (IC50 values of 15.33, 27.18, and 20.44 nM, respectively). BJ-13 can be used in the study of gastric cancer.
    BJ-13
  • HY-182893
    SK-129
    		Inhibitor
    SK-129 is a blood-brain barrier-permeable inhibitor of α-synuclein (αS) oligomers with a Kd of 221 nM. SK-129 preferentially binds to neurotoxic αS oligomers over physiological αS monomers, inhibits αS aggregation, blocks the interaction and co-aggregation of αS with tau protein, and prevents the maturation of αS-tau condensates into amyloid aggregates. SK-129 reduces ROS production, rescues dopaminergic neuron degeneration, improves motor function, restores endogenous dopamine synthesis, increases the number of Tyrosine Hydroxylase-positive neurons, prevents brain histopathological changes, alleviates neuroinflammation, and improves survival rates in relevant models. SK-129 can be used in research related to Parkinson's disease (PD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD).
    SK-129
  • HY-179427
    NSD2/H3K36me2 modulator-1
    		Inducer
    NSD2/H3K36me2 modulator-1 is an orally active NSD2/H3K36me2 modulator. NSD2/H3K36me2 modulator-1 competitively binds to the SAM pocket of NSD2, potently inhibits NSD2 expression and suppresses H3K36me2 methylation. NSD2/H3K36me2 modulator-1 reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), inhibits cell migration, and induces G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis. NSD2/H3K36me2 modulator-1 induces decreased Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and subsequent Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. NSD2/H3K36me2 modulator-1 can be used to research the NSD2-targeting epigenetic anticancer strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
    NSD2/H3K36me2 modulator-1
  • HY-13559A
    Atiprimod dimaleate
    		Inducer
    Atiprimod (Azaspirane) (dimaleate) is a STAT3 inhibitor with antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic activities. Atiprimod blocks the signaling pathways of IL-6 and VEGF by inhibiting the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of STAT3. Atiprimod blocks the JAK-STAT signaling pathway by inhibiting the phosphorylation of JAK2 and JAK3. Atiprimod also inhibits cell proliferation, induces cell cycle arrest, and induces autophagy and apoptosis. Atiprimod triggers persistent ER stress-mediated apoptosis in breast cancer cells by activating the PERK/eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP axis and inhibiting the nuclear translocation of STAT3/NF-κB. Atiprimod shows great anti-tumor activities in tumor xenograft mouse models. Atiprimod can be used for the study of pituitary adenoma, breast cancer, multiple myeloma and acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
    Atiprimod dimaleate
  • HY-175512
    Tubulin-IN-53
    		Agonist
    Tubulin-IN-53 is a potent Tubulin inhibitor with an IC50 of 6.06 μM. Tubulin-IN-53 inhibits the polymerization of tubulin by targeting the colchicine binding site of tubulin and destroys the microtubule network. Tubulin-IN-53 induces MCF-7 cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and apoptosis, and inhibits cell migration accompanied by the decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential and increase the accumulation of ROS. Tubulin-IN-53 destroys the angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells.Tubulin-IN-53 can used for the study of cancers such as breast cancer and lung cancer.
    Tubulin-IN-53
  • HY-P5317
    MAQAAEYYR
    		Inhibitor
    MAQAAEYYR is an antioxidant active peptide that can be isolated from pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin. MAQAAEYYR has high DPPH, ABTS radical and ROS-scavenging ability. MAQAAEYYR protects zebrafish larvae from H2O2-induced oxidative damage.
    MAQAAEYYR
  • HY-161831
    Antitumor agent-175
    Antitumor agent-175 (Compound Ru2) is an antitumor agent with photocytotoxicity, demonstrating selective antitumor effects against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells.
    Antitumor agent-175
  • HY-N10312
    Yadanzigan
    		Inhibitor
    Yadanzigan (YDZG) is an anti-inflammatory agent and a NLRP3 inhibitor. Yadanzigan specifically inhibits NLRP3 activation via inhibiting NF-κB pathway and Reactive Oxygen Species production. Yadanzigan also moderates LPS (HY-D1056)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice.
    Yadanzigan
  • HY-162135
    MAT2A-IN-14
    		Inducer
    MAT2A-IN-14 (compound H3) is a MAT2A inhibitor, and generates reactive oxygen species after sonication to specifically degrade cellular MAT2A via rapid oxidative reactions. Combination of MAT2A-IN-14 and sonication induces 87% MAT2A depletion in human colon cancer cell.
    MAT2A-IN-14
  • HY-181665
    Ferroptosis-IN-23
    		Inhibitor
    Ferroptosis-IN-23 is an inhibitor of ferroptosis. Ferroptosis-IN-23 exerts a synergistic effect by simultaneously activating Steap4 and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), thereby maintaining iron metabolism homeostasis. Ferroptosis-IN-23 reverses neuronal ferroptosis and inhibits lipid ROS accumulation in cells. Ferroptosis-IN-23 inhibits ferroptosis in zebrafish, alleviates neuronal apoptosis, ROS accumulation, and dopaminergic neuron damage in a zebrafish model of Parkinson's disease. Ferroptosis-IN-23 can be used for research on Parkinson's disease.
    Ferroptosis-IN-23
  • HY-N6884R
    Bixin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Bixin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Bixin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications.Bixin is an orally active carotenoid found in the seeds of Bixa orellana. Bixin induces apoptosis in cancer cells. Bixin possessing anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and anti-oxidant activities. Bixin treatment ameliorated cardiac dysfunction through inhibiting fibrosis, inflammation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation.
    Bixin (Standard)
  • HY-181479
    EGFR-IN-196
    		Inducer
    EGFR-IN-196 is an EGFR inhibitor with an IC50 of 105.96 nM. EGFR-IN-196 inhibits EGFR enzymatic activity, reduces phosphorylated PI3K levels, and suppresses downstream EGFR-AKT signaling. EGFR-IN-196 increases intracellular ROS generation, induces mitochondrial depolarisation, and induces apoptosis in cancer cells. EGFR-IN-196 can be used for the research of lung cancer.
    EGFR-IN-196
  • HY-183771
    CDK4/6-IN-28
    		Activator
    CDK4/6-IN-28 is a potent, orally active, and selective CDK4/6 inhibitor IC50 values of 14.02 and 10.03 nM, respectively. CDK4/6-IN-28 inhibits breast cancer cell colony formation, migration, and proliferation. CDK4/6-IN-28 induces G1-phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. CDK4/6-IN-28 exhibits tumor inhibitory activity in breast cancer xenograft mouse models. CDK4/6-IN-28 can be used for the research of breast cancer.
    CDK4/6-IN-28
  • HY-N15191
    Pinoquercetin
    		Inhibitor
    Pinoquercetin is a 13C-methylated flavonol and antioxidant. Pinoquercetin scavenges DPPH free radicals. Pinoquercetin can be used for research of oxidative damage.
    Pinoquercetin
  • HY-180147
    Microtubule-IN-14
    		Activator
    Microtubule-IN-14 (Compound 10u) is a microtubule inhibitor. Microtubule-IN-14 inhibits the polymerization of tubulin, thereby preventing the formation of the spindle apparatus in cell mitosis and blocking the cell cycle at the G2/M phase. Microtubule-IN-14 induces a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and a burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS), promoting tumor cell apoptosis. Microtubule-IN-14 can be used for the study of non-small cell lung cancer and liver cancer.
    Microtubule-IN-14
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity