SOD Activator

N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine is a purine nucleoside analog. N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine inhibits NF-κB/Smad signaling pathway, exhibits anti-hyperglycemia, antioxidant, antitumor and anti-inflammatory and insecticidal activities. N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine is orally active.

Fluorene is an orally active polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and a precursor to other fluorene-based compounds. Fluorene and its derivatives serve as dye precursors for fluorene synthesis. In A549 cells, Fluorene induces oxidative stress and inflammatory responses by increasing ROS and SOD generation, exacerbating lipid peroxidation, modulating antioxidant enzyme activity, and upregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6. In vivo, Fluorene exhibits anxiolytic activity. Fluorene holds potential for research in inflammation and neurological disorders.

Hexaamminecobalt (III) chloride is an orally active cobalt coordination compound. Hexaamminecobalt (III) chloride restores the activities of liver antioxidant enzymes (SOD, Catalase) and detoxification enzyme GST. Hexaamminecobalt (III) chloride restores GSH content and reduces DAG. Hexaamminecobalt (III) chloride impairs renal function. Hexaamminecobalt (III) chloride exerts anti-carcinogenic effects in Diethylnitrosamine (HY-N7434)-induced hepatocarcinoma.

Emodin-8-glucoside is an anthraquinone derivative that can be isolated from Aloe vera. Emodin-8-glucoside is the inhibitor for MAPK with an inhibition constant of 430.14 pM. Emodin-8-glucoside exhibits moderate inhibitory activity against rat lens aldose reductase (ALAR) and topoisomerases II with IC₅₀s of 14.4 μM and 66 μM. Emodin-8-glucoside exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activities. Emodin-8-glucoside can cross the blood brain barrier.

Spirulina C-phycocyanin, a component of the light-harvesting phycobilisome complex in photosystem II, is a highly dominant chromoprotein in Spirulina. Spirulina C-phycocyanin can be detected by Raman spectral measurement. Spirulina C-phycocyanin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet, liver-protective and cholesterol-lowering effects.

Deacetylasperulosidic Acid is an orally active antioxidant. Deacetylasperulosidic Acid exerts a definite in vivo antioxidant effect and alleviates oxidative stress injury by enhancing SOD activity. In atopic dermatitis models, Deacetylasperulosidic Acid corrects Th2-skewed immune imbalance and reduces allergy-related factors; in immunosuppression models, it activates cellular immunity, enhances NK cell activity and IL-2 production. Deacetylasperulosidic Acid can be used in the research of atopic dermatitis.

Carminic acid is a widely used and orally active natural red pigment that can be used in industries such as food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. In addition, carminic acid has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.

Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate hydrate (18α-Glycyrrhizic acid Magnesium hydrate; 18α-GA Magnesium hydrate; 18α-Licorice-saponin H2 Magnesium hydrate) is a derivative of glycyrrhizic acid with oral activity. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate hydrate exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and cardioprotective activities. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate hydrate protects against ethanol-induced alcoholic liver disease in rats by upregulating the expression levels of SOD, GSH, PPAR-α and CPT-1. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate hydrate shows cytotoxicity against T lymphocytes and inhibits HIV-1 replication in these cells. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate hydrate alleviates oxidative stress by reducing the levels of ROS, Nrf2, HO-1 and p-P65, and alleviates pyroptosis by downregulating the expression levels of NLRP3, GSDMD-N, P20 and c-IL-1β. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate hydrate inhibits autophagy, colonic fibrosis and myocardial fibrosis, and regulates intestinal barrier integrity. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate hydrate can be used in research related to alcoholic liver disease, HIV-1 infection, hepatotoxicity, acute liver failure, inflammatory bowel disease and myocardial fibrosis.

EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) hydrate sodium is a kind of metal chelating agent (binds to bivalent and trivalent metal cations, including calcium). EDTA hydrate sodium has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-hypercalcemia and anticoagulant activities. EDTA hydrate sodium decreases the metal ion-catalyzed oxidative damage to proteins, and allows maintenance of reducing environment during protein purification. EDTA hydrate sodium can alleviate the liver fibrosis. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid can be used for coronary artery disease and neural system disease research.

Allyl methyl sulfide is an orally active organic sulfide. Allyl methyl sulfide is one of the main active ingredients in garlic volatile metabolites. Allyl methyl sulfide can be extracted from garlic. Allyl methyl sulfide enhances SOD activity, inhibits NF-κB signaling pathway, and upregulates pancreatic GLUT2 expression. Allyl methyl sulfide has significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic activities. Allyl methyl sulfide can be used in the research of diabetes and its complications.

Rehmannioside A is a compound that can be isolated from Rehmanniae radix. Rehmannioside A is an inhibitor of CYP3A4, 2C9 and 2D6, with IC₅₀ values of 10.08, 12.62 and 16.43 μM, respectively. Rehmannioside A has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptosis, anti-ferroptosis, cognitive improvement and neuroprotective activities. Rehmannioside A can be used for the research of nervous system and inflammation-related diseases.

Hexaconazole is a demethylation enzyme inhibitor and a synthetic fungicide that targets many fungi, especially ascomycetes and basidiomycetes, and it can enhance the activity of SOD and peroxidase. Hexaconazole causes endocrine disorders in zebrafish larvae.

18α-Glycyrrhizic acid (18α-GA; Isoglycyrrhizinic acid; 18α-Glycyrrhizic acid) is a derivative of glycyrrhizic acid with oral activity. 18α-Glycyrrhizic acid exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and cardioprotective activities. 18α-Glycyrrhizic acid protects against ethanol-induced alcoholic liver disease in rats by upregulating the expression levels of SOD, GSH, PPAR-α and CPT-1. 18α-Glycyrrhizic acid shows cytotoxicity against T lymphocytes and inhibits HIV-1 replication in these cells. 18α-Glycyrrhizic acid alleviates oxidative stress by reducing the levels of ROS, Nrf2, HO-1 and p-P65, and alleviates pyroptosis by downregulating the expression levels of NLRP3, GSDMD-N, P20 and c-IL-1β. 18α-Glycyrrhizic acid inhibits autophagy, colonic fibrosis and myocardial fibrosis, and regulates intestinal barrier integrity. 18α-Glycyrrhizic acid can be used in research related to alcoholic liver disease, HIV-1 infection, hepatotoxicity, acute liver failure, inflammatory bowel disease and myocardial fibrosis.

Picein is an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Picein can be isolated from the leaves of Picrorhiza kurroa. Picein reduces MDA levels and increases the levels of SOD, GPX and TAC. Picein alleviates oxidative stress and promotes bone regeneration in osteoporotic bone defects by inhibiting Ferroptosis (via activation of the Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 pathway). Picein prevents scopolamine (HY-N0296)-induced passive avoidance memory impairment in rats. Picein can be used in research related to osteoporotic bone defects and Alzheimer's disease.

Quizalofop-P-ethyl is a low-toxicity herbicide, a highly selective new type of post-emergence herbicide for dryland crops, with high selectivity between gramineous weeds and dicotyledonous crops, and it has good control efficacy against gramineous weeds in broadleaf crop fields.

4-Hydroxyisophthalic acid activates antioxidant enzymes (such as catalase CAT and superoxide dismutase SOD), scavenges free radicals, and exhibits antioxidant property. 4-Hydroxyisophthalic acid activates AChE and BChE, enhances neuronal function and improves Tau-induced neurobehavioral defects. 4-Hydroxyisophthalic acid improves the cognitive defects, and ameliorates circadian rhythm disorders of fruit flies.

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid trisodium salt (EDTA trisodium salt; Trisodium EDTA) is a kind of metal chelating agent (binds to bivalent and trivalent metal cations, including calcium). Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid trisodium salt has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-hypercalcemia and anticoagulant activities. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid trisodium salt decreases the metal ion-catalyzed oxidative damage to proteins, and allows maintenance of reducing environment during protein purification. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid trisodium salt can alleviate the liver fibrosis. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid can be used for coronary artery disease and neural system disease research.

L-β-Imidazolelactic acid is an inhibitor of Cholinesterase and Monoamine oxidase, and also the final metabolite of L-Histidine (HY-N0832). L-β-Imidazolelactic acid increases the activity of Superoxide dismutase. L-β-Imidazolelactic acid is applicable to research related to liver cirrhosis and histidinemia.

IPPD-Q is a p-phenylenediamine quinone and also Environmental pollutant. IPPD-Q can be present in tires, fine particulate matter and urban water bodies. IPPD-Q increases the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT), alters photosynthesis and energy metabolism pathways, and changes gene expression and metabolic profiles. IPPD-Q exhibits phytotoxic effects. IPPD-Q shows acute toxicity to zebrafish embryos and reduces their survival rate.

Methyl isoeugenol is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable isoeugenol-type eugenol analog. Methyl isoeugenol promotes the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, upregulates the expressions of HO-1, NQO1 and SOD, and reduces the expression level of MDA. Methyl isoeugenol decreases the nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Methyl isoeugenol inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis. Methyl isoeugenol reduces cerebral infarction volume and regulates the M1/M2 phenotypic balance of microglia. Methyl isoeugenol can be used for the research of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.