Ischemic Stroke

eNOS activator-1 is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activator. eNOS activator-1 upregulates eNOS mRNA expression, enhances endogenous NO biosynthesis, and activates the eNOS signaling pathway to maintain blood-brain barrier integrity. eNOS activator-1 upregulates the protein expression levels of PI3K, AKT, p-PI3K, and p-AKT. eNOS activator-1 reduces oxidative stress levels by decreasing lipid peroxidation and restoring antioxidant enzyme activities. eNOS activator-1 upregulates the expression of tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin, increases Cav-1 expression, and inhibits MMP-9-mediated blood-brain barrier disruption. eNOS activator-1 can be used in the research of ischemic stroke.

KDS12025 is a blood-brain barrier-permeable, orally active H₂O₂-decomposing peroxidase enhancer. KDS12025 enhances the H₂O₂-decomposing pseudoperoxidase activity of Hb without altering oxygen transport function, and reduces intracellular H₂O₂ load. KDS12025 reduces abnormal H₂O₂ levels and inhibits the production of COL1. KDS12025 restores cerebral blood flow, maintains neuronal excitability, membrane properties, synaptic connections and corticospinal tract fibers, reduces cerebral edema and exerts neuroprotective effects. KDS12025 improves motor function and overall neurological function. KDS12025 can be used in the research of ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, aging-related neurodegenerative diseases and rheumatoid arthritis.

c10c-G1V3 is a BRAG2 binder with a K_d value of 7.37 μM. c10c-G1V3 binds to BRAG2, thereby disrupting its interaction with GluA2 and blocking GluA2 endocytosis and AMPAR subunit switching. c10c-G1V3 reduces glutamate-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and cell apoptosis (apoptosis). c10c-G1V3 decreases infarct volume in the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model. c10c-G1V3 can be used in studies related to ischemic stroke.

Piperlonguminine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Piperlonguminine (HY-126562). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Piperlonguminine is a cytochrome P450 (CYP450) inhibitor. Piperlonguminine also inhibits the growth of epimastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi, with IC₅₀ values of 53.8 and 33.9 μM, respectively. Piperlonguminine regulates HMGB1/TLR4-NF-κB/MAPK-related inflammatory responses, endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) shedding, melanogenesis, glycolipid metabolism, ischemic brain injury and tumor growth. Piperlonguminine can be used in research on hyperlipidemia, sepsis, Chagas disease, ischemic stroke, sarcoma and severe acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury.

P3LC7LC-P is a blood-brain barrier-permeable BRAG2 ligand with a K_D of 6.14 μM. P3LC7LC-P binds to BRAG2, thereby disrupting its interaction with the GluA2 subunit of the AMPA receptor and inhibiting glutamate-induced GluA2 endocytosis. P3LC7LC-P exerts neuroprotective effects in oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced and glutamate-induced neurotoxicity models, reduces ROS accumulation and inhibits apoptosis, and reduces cerebral infarct size in a rat model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. P3LC7LC-P can be used for the research of ischemic stroke.

L-Glutamine GMP is L-Glutamine (HY-N0390) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity.

PI3K/Akt/mTOR-IN-7 is an AKT/mTOR and JAK2/STAT3 inhibitor. PI3K/Akt/mTOR-IN-7 restores p-Akt, p-mTOR, and p-STAT3 expression, reduces pro-apoptotic Caspase-3 mRNA expression. PI3K/Akt/mTOR-IN-7 reduces intracellular ROS accumulation and inhibits NO production. PI3K/Akt/mTOR-IN-7 can be used for research on stroke, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

BTS 72664 is a broad-spectrum, non-sedating, orally effective anticonvulsant. Its anticonvulsant effect mainly arises from enhancing GABA_A receptor (GABA_A receptor)-mediated chloride channel currents, while it exerts weak blocking effects on Na⁺ channels (K_i = 350 μM) and NMDA receptors (NMDA receptor) (IC₅₀ = 43 μM). BTS 72664 prevents the elevation of extracellular glutamate, glycine and serine concentrations in neurons, reduces cerebral infarct size, promotes functional recovery, prevents multiple types of epileptic seizures, and has low sedative potential. BTS 72664 can be used for the research of epilepsy, stroke and migraine.

NFI23 is a blood-brain barrier-penetrant GluN2B-NMDAR inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 1.31 μM and a K_i of 5.98 nM against GluN2B-NMDAR. NFI23 reduces NMDA-induced Ca²⁺ influx and ROS production, maintains mitochondrial membrane potential, inhibits neuronal apoptosis, and restores the expression of p-ERK1/2. NFI23 exerts neuroprotective effects against NMDA-induced cytotoxicity and in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. NFI23 can be used for the research of ischemic stroke.

Ferfluor-1 is a Ferroptosis inhibitor (EC₅₀ of 57 nM in HT108 cells; EC₅₀ of 75 nM in OS-RC-2 cells; EC₅₀ of 2.3 nM in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells), and ratiometric photoluminescent probe with blood-brain barrier permeability. Ferfluor-1 is a specific indicator for the fluctuation of Ferroptosis. Ferfluor-1 alleviates brain disorder diseases of in vivo stroke and PD models.

SR-THAP is a γ-aminobutyric acid transporter 3 (GAT3) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 4.9 μM, and exhibits 42-fold and 23-fold selectivity over GAT1 and GlyT1, respectively. SR-THAP inhibits GABA uptake in mammalian cells. SR-THAP is applicable to the research of epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease and ischemic stroke.

Nicametate is a vasodilator. Nicametate can be used for the research of ischemic stroke.

Ro 48-8587 is a selective AMPA receptor antagonist with an IC₅₀ of 8 nM. Ro 48-8587 functionally inhibits AMPA receptor activity, blocks AMPA-induced depolarization of rat cortical wedges. Ro 48-8587 can be used for the research of ischaemia and seizures.

Ipidacrine (NIK-247; Amiridine) hydrochloride is orally active and blood-brain-barrier-penetrant AChE and BuChE inhibitors with IC₅₀ values of 1 μM and 1.9 μM, respectively, which is also a partial agonist of M2-cholinergic receptors and a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor. Ipidacrine hydrochloride has a stimulating effect on neuromuscular transmission and excitation along the nerve fibres with a moderately anti-pain effect. Ipidacrine hydrochloride is an aminopyridines and is structurally similar to Tacrine (HY-111338). Ipidacrine hydrochloride is effective in various amnesia models, improves erectile function and inhibits K⁺ and Na⁺-channels in the neuronal membrane in diabetic rats. Ipidacrine hydrochloride is promising for research of Alzheimer’s disease, ischaemic stroke, idiopathic neuropathy of the facial nerve, diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction and other deficits in central or peripheral cholinergic deseases.

PDE4-IN-32 (Compound B05) is a selective, blood-brain barrier permeable PDE4B and PDE4D inhibitor with IC₅₀ values of 13.7 nM and 23.8 nM, respectively. PDE4-IN-32 promotes the recovery of motor and cognitive function in MCAO/R mouse models. PDE4-IN-32 reduces cerebral edema. PDE4-IN-32 can be used for the research of ischemic stroke.

Idebenone-SS-20 (Idebenone-2S-FrFK-NH2) is a Idebenone (HY-N0303) derivative conjugated to the mitochondria-targeting peptide SS-20. Idebenone-SS-20 shows neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. Idebenone-SS-20 can preserve mitochondrial membrane potential, enhance ATP production, reduce ROS accumulation, maintain mitochondrial morphology and elevate NAD+/NADH ratio. Idebenone-SS-20 confers robust neuroprotection in a murine model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Idebenone-SS-20 can be used for the research of cerebral.

β-Funaltrexamine (β-FNA) is a blood-brain barrier-permeable, selective and irreversible μ-opioid receptor antagonist with immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities. β-Funaltrexamine inhibits p38 MAPK and TLR4 signaling by blocking μ-opioid receptors, and reduces the transcriptional activities of NF-κB, AP-1, CREB and Stat. Furthermore, β-Funaltrexamine inhibits iNOS activation and pro-inflammatory microglial polarization, converting microglia to an anti-inflammatory phenotype, thereby downregulating neuroinflammation and ameliorating neuronal degeneration. β-Funaltrexamine is widely applicable to research related to stroke, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and neurodegenerative diseases.

MAPK-IN-6 is a blood-brain barrier-permeable MAPK inhibitor. MAPK-IN-6 inhibits oxidative stress-induced activation of the MAPK signaling cascade, including the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 and JNK. MAPK-IN-6 eliminates intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, stabilizes mitochondrial membrane potential and inhibits cell apoptosis. MAPK-IN-6 can be used for the research of ischemic stroke.

iNOs-IN-8 (Compound 13h) is an efficient and highly selective inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 238 nM. iNOs-IN-8 exhibits significant neuroprotective effects in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) and hydrogen peroxide-induced neuronal and endothelial cell damage. iNOs-IN-8 significantly reduces the volume of cerebral infarction and improves neurological function in rat models. iNOs-IN-8 can be used for the study of ischemic stroke.

HDAC6-IN-69 is a brain-penetrant and highly selective HDAC6 inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 4.0 nM. HDAC6-IN-69 shows >176-fold against other HDAC isoforms. HDAC6-IN-69 engages the target in neuronal cells by dose-dependently upregulating acetylated α-tubulin in virto. HDAC6-IN-69 has neuroprotective effect and can be used for ischemic stroke research .