Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.
ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.
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Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Related Products (2850)
Related Products (2850)
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Antibodies (8)
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CDYL-IN-1
0 ImagesCDYL-IN-1 is a selective small-molecule inhibitor of CDYL with a KD value of 0.5 μM. CDYL-IN-1 improves renal dysfunction, pathological damage and renal tubular pyroptosis, inhibits FABP4-mediated ROS production, and alleviates renal tubular epithelial cell injury. CDYL-IN-1 is applicable to the research of acute kidney injury.
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Furanodiene
0 ImagesFuranodiene is a natural terpenoid isolated from Rhizoma Curcumae. Furanodiene plays anti-cancer effects through anti-angiogenesis and inducing ROS production, DNA strand breaks and apoptosis. Furanodiene suppresseed efflux transporter Pgp (P-glycoprotein) function and reduced Pgp protein level.
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PBP10
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-P1116CAS No.: 794466-43-6PBP10 is a decapeptide. PBP10 selectively binds to lipoteichoic acid (LTA), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). PBP10 penetrates cell membranes and possesses bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, cell motility-inhibiting and actin assembly-regulating activities. PBP10 is applicable to relevant research on bacterial infections, microbe-induced inflammation, skin and soft tissue infections, as well as sepsis.
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Iberverin
0 ImagesIberverin (-Methylthiopropyl isothiocyanate) is a sulforaphane homolog. Iberverin has anticancer activity. Iberverin inhibits cell proliferation and migration. Iberverin induces mitochondrial-related apoptosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species.
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Avenanthramide C
0 ImagesAvenanthramide C is an orally active polyphenolic compound that penetrates the blood-brain barrier. Avenanthramide C is derived from oats. Avenanthramide C inhibits NF-κB nuclear translocation and inhibits the phosphorylation of PI3K, PLCγ1, Lyn, Syk, and Akt. Avenanthramide C inhibits the expression and activity of MMP-9 and inhibits MAPK phosphorylation. Avenanthramide C scavenges DPPH radicals, reduces intracellular ROS, and inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokine release and adhesion molecule expression. Avenanthramide C inhibits cell degranulation. Avenanthramide C attenuates active systemic anaphylaxis and inhibits passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Avenanthramide C ameliorates PHZ-induced blood stasis. Avenanthramide C inhibits neuroinflammation, restores long-term potentiation, and improves recognition and spatial memory in Alzheimer's disease models. Avenanthramide C can be used for research on allergic inflammation, thrombosis, atherosclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease.
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QD394
0 ImagesQD394 is a reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducer that can induce lipid peroxidation, increase intracellular ROS accumulation, inhibit STAT3 phosphorylation, and induce ferroptosis.
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Tepoxalin
0 ImagesTepoxalin is an orally active dual inhibitor of Cyclooxygenase/Lipoxygenase, with IC50 values of 4.6 μM (sheep cyclooxygenase), 2.85 μM (rat cyclooxygenase), 0.15 μM (rat 5-lipoxygenase), and 3.0 μM (h12-lipoxygenase), respectively. Tepoxalin inhibits ROS production and NF-κB activation. Tepoxalin suppresses the production of thromboxane B2, leukotriene B4, prostaglandins and cytokines, and blocks platelet aggregation. Tepoxalin exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activity in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis. Tepoxalin possesses analgesic activity. Tepoxalin shows no ulcerogenic activity within the anti-inflammatory dose range. Tepoxalin can be used in studies related to adjuvant-induced arthritis, skin inflammation and Alzheimer's disease.
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Astringin
0 ImagesSynonyms: trans-AstringinAstringin (trans-Astringin) is an orally active natural phenolic stilbene glucoside. Astringin can inhibit the production of oxidative stress, inflammatory factors, etc. Astringin has multiple activities such as anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and anti-apoptosis. Astringin is also an inhibitor of ferroptosis. Astringin can be used in the research of diseases such as acute lung injury.
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F16
0 ImagesF16 is a mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP) modulator with an EC50 of 30 μM in mice. F16 promotes PTP opening, accumulates in cancer cell mitochondria, and induces mitochondrial depolarization, swelling, cristae disruption, outer membrane rupture, ATP depletion, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cytochrome c release and mitochondrial uncoupling. F16 induces cell cycle arrest at the G1 (occasionally G2) phase, reduces the phosphotyrosine content of Neu, as well as the levels of phosphorylated PKB/Akt and phosphorylated MAP kinase, downregulates the protein expression levels of Neu and PKB, triggers apoptosis in cells with moderate Bcl-2 expression, and induces necrosis in cells with overexpressed Bcl-2. F16 can be used in research related to breast cancer and gastric cancer.
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7-Methylcoumarin
0 Images7-Methylcoumarin is a coumarin derivative with potent hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties. 7-Methylcoumarin is a mechanism-based inhibitor for CYP2A6. 7-Methylcoumarin significantly decreases alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and serum bilirubin (TB) in rats with CCl4-induced liver damage, whilst restoring total protein (TP) and albumin (TA) levels in serum as well as preventing oxidative stress. 7-Methylcoumarin can decline mitotic activity of A. sativum promeristem.
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(-)-(E)-Guggulsterone
0 ImagesSynonyms: (E)-Guggulsterone(-)-(E)-Guggulsterone ((E)-Guggulsterone) is an orally active natural stereoisomer of Guggulsterone (HY-107738). (-)-(E)-Guggulsterone is an antagonist for the Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) with an IC50 of 24.06 μM and possesses potent hypolipidemic properties. (-)-(E)-Guggulsterone suppresses dengue virus (DENV) replication by upregulating antiviral interferon responses by inducing HO-1 expression via Nrf2 activation. (-)-(E)-Guggulsterone exhibits antibacterial activities against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (-)-(E)-Guggulsterone has cardiac protective and antioxidant activities in rats.
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2,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde
0 Images2,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde is an endogenous metabolite. 2,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde is a pharmaceutical intermediate that can be used to synthesize various Schiff base compounds. 2,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde exhibits significant anti angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities. 2,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde reduces the production of NO and ROS by inhibiting the expression of iNOS and COX-2. 2,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde is commonly used in the study of inflammatory conditions.
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4-Hydroxybenzophenone
0 ImagesSynonyms: 4HBP4‑Hydroxybenzophenone (4HBP) is a major metabolite of Benzophenone (HY-Y0546) and is orally active. 4-Hydroxybenzophenone triggers endoplasmic reticulum stress and activates the PERK-eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP and IRE1α-XBP1s pathways, and inhibits IκB translation. 4-Hydroxybenzophenone induces endoplasmic reticulum stress, unfolded protein response activation, protein homeostasis imbalance, protein aggregation, oxidative stress, ROS accumulation, mitochondrial membrane potential decrease, ATP depletion, and cytotoxicity. 4-Hydroxybenzophenone induces neural stem cell apoptosis (apoptosis) and affects neuronal differentiation. 4-Hydroxybenzophenone promotes malignant proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and xenograft tumor growth in nude mice. 4-Hydroxybenzophenone can be used in research related to neurodevelopmental toxicity and hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Acibenzolar-S-methyl
0 ImagesSynonyms: ASMAcibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) is a synthetic analog of Salicylic acid (HY-B0167) and a plant activator. Acibenzolar‑S‑methyl induces increased activities of defense-related enzymes such as peroxidase and chitinase, activates stomatal defense responses and PR defense gene expression, induces the production of ROS, triggers local and systemic acquired resistance, and inhibits the proliferation of bacterial and fungal pathogens in plants. Acibenzolar‑S‑methyl can be used in studies related to plant infection.
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Moronic acid
0 ImagesMoronic Acid is a triterpenoid compound, which is an orally available anti-HIV agent with anti-inflammatory activity. Moronic Acid can inhibit viral replication, with an EC50 value of <1 μg/mL. Moronic Acid can be isolated from Brazilian propolis.
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Acetylcysteine (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: N-Acetylcysteine (Standard); N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (Standard); NAC (Standard)Acetylcysteine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Acetylcysteine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Acetylcysteine (N-Acetylcysteine) is a mucolytic agent which reduces the thickness of the mucus. Acetylcysteine is a ROS inhibitor. Acetylcysteine is a cysteine precursor, prevents hemin-induced ferroptosis by neutralizing toxic lipids generated by arachidonate-dependent activity of 5-lipoxygenases. Acetylcysteine induces cell apoptosis. Acetylcysteine also has anti-influenza virus activities. In addition, Acetylcysteine is the most stable form of cysteine during drug delivery and can be used in disulfidptosis studies.
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L-Ornithine hydrochloride (Standard)
0 ImagesL-Ornithine hydrochloride (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Ornithine hydrochloride (HY-W017018). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Ornithine hydrochloride is an orally active CaSR and p38 activator. L-Ornithine hydrochloride inhibits ROS and supports urea cycle function. L-Ornithine hydrochloride can be used to study kidney diseases involving proximal tubular cell damage caused by oxidative stress or crystallopathy, as well as research related to anxiety disorders.
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PSMA-Val-Cit-PAB-MMAE
0 ImagesPSMA-Val-Cit-PAB-MMAE is a small-molecule conjugate targeting PSMA, with Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) (HY-15162) as its cytotoxic payload. PSMA-Val-Cit-PAB-MMAE binds to PSMA, thereby being delivered into PSMA-expressing prostate cancer cells. Subsequently, the Val-Cit linker is cleaved under the mediation of cathepsin B, releasing active MMAE. PSMA-Val-Cit-PAB-MMAE inhibits CYP3A4 activity (IC50 = 11.2 μM), induces intracellular ROS production and oxidative stress, disrupts the cytoskeleton through microtubule destabilization, and induces prostate cancer cell death. PSMA-Val-Cit-PAB-MMAE can be used in research related to prostate cancer.
