Tryptophol
Based on 2 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Tryptophol is an aromatic alcohol and secondary metabolite produced by microorganisms. Tryptophol induces apoptosis and cleavage of caspase-8. Tryptophol inhibits Cunninghamella blakesleeana biofilm. Tryptophol has anti-phage infection, biofilm formation regulation, anti-inflammatory, hemolytic, sleep induction, temperature change, seizure susceptibility and immune regulation activities. Tryptophol is used in the research of African trypanosomiasis, sleep disorders, epilepsy.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.80%
- CAS No.: 526-55-6
- Formula: C10H11NO
- Molecular Weight:161.20
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Storage:
4°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Tryptophol
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Bio/Physico-chemical Assay
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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Cell Imaging/Staining
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RT-PCR
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WB
All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms
MoreAll Caspase Isoforms
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Biological Activity
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Microbial Metabolite |
Caspase-8 |
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
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| HaCaT | IC50 |
6.55 μM
Compound: 9
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Antiinflammatory activity against human HaCaT cells assessed as inhibition of UVB irradiation-induced PGE2 production measured after 2 hrs by ELISA
Antiinflammatory activity against human HaCaT cells assessed as inhibition of UVB irradiation-induced PGE2 production measured after 2 hrs by ELISA
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[PMID: 35172097] |
| U-251 | EC50 |
1220 μM
Compound: 8
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Cytotoxicity against human U251 cells assessed as decrease in cell proliferation after 72 hrs by SRB assay
Cytotoxicity against human U251 cells assessed as decrease in cell proliferation after 72 hrs by SRB assay
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[PMID: 28256372] |
| U-87MG ATCC | EC50 |
580 μM
Compound: 8
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Cytotoxicity against human U87 cells assessed as decrease in cell proliferation after 72 hrs by SRB assay
Cytotoxicity against human U87 cells assessed as decrease in cell proliferation after 72 hrs by SRB assay
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[PMID: 28256372] |
Tryptophol (25 μM) promotes the population density, biofilm formation and cell aggregation of the marine yeast Scheffersomyces spartinae and enhances its biocontrol effect against strawberry gray mold (Botrytis cinerea)[1].
. Tryptophol (2 mM; 24 h) causes DNA damage in HepG2, A549 and THP-1 cells[2].
Tryptophol (1-100 μM) inhibits the infection and replication of bacteriophage GVE2 against the thermophilic bacterium Geobacillus sp. E263[3].
Tryptophol (0.25-2.00 mM; 24 h) is cytotoxic and genotoxic to human peripheral blood lymphocytes[4].
Tryptophol (80 μg/ml; 12 h) induces apoptosis in U937 cells[5].
Tryptophol (25-100 μM; 24 h) has anti-inflammatory activity in 3T3-L1 mouse adipocytes in vitro and reduces MCP-1 production in a dose-dependent manner[6].
Tryptophol (0.02-0.1 mg/mL; 96 h) inhibits Cunninghamella blakesleeana biofilm growth and causes shedding of established biofilms[7].
Tryptophol (3.8 mg/mL) lyses human red blood cells in pH and temperature- dependent manner[8].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:U937
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Concentration:80 μg/ml
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Incubation Time:12 h
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Result:Led to apoptosis.
Induced cleavage of caspase-8 and the formation of a death-inducing signaling complex including DR5.
Tryptophol (200-600 mg/kg; i.p.) induces sleep in mice in a dose-dependent manner[9].
Tryptophol (50-100 mg/kg; i.p.; twice daily; 3 days) combined with ethanol increases the seizure susceptibility of mice[10].
Tryptophol (200 mg/kg; i.p.) effectively suppresses Pentylenetetrazol and Picrotoxin (HY-101391) induced convulsion in mice[11].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:CD-1 strain male mice (male, 16-30 g) for sleep induction study[9]
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Dosage:200, 400, 600 mg/kg
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Administration:Intraperitoneal injection (dissolved in 50% propylene glycol- water, sesame oil or Tween 80)
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Result:Induced sleep in mice.
Induced sleep in 8 of 12 mice, with an onset time of 2.8 min and sleep duration of 4.2 min (at 200 mg/kg) (dissolved in 50% propylene glycol-water).
Induced sleep in 10 of 12 mice, with an onset time of 1.4 min and sleep duration of 14.4 min (at 400 mg/kg) (dissolved in 50% propylene glycol-water).
Induced sleep in 3 out of 6 mice, with an onset time of 2.3 min and a sleep duration of 5.2 min (dissolved in sesame oil, at 200 mg/kg).
Induced sleep in 6 out of 6 mice, with an onset time of 1.8 min and a sleep time of 16.7 min (dissolved in sesame oil, at 400 mg/kg).
Induced sleep in 5 out of 6 mice, with an onset time of 2.1 min and a sleep time of 4.8 min (dissolved in Tween 80, at 200 mg/kg).
Induced sleep in 5 out of 6 mice, with an onset time of 1.7 min and a sleep time of 15.7 min (dissolved in Tween 80, at 400 mg/kg).
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 526-55-6
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 161.20
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Formula C10H11NO
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Color Light yellow to brown
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SMILES
OCCC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C12
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Synonyms
Indole-3-ethanol
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
Publications (2)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Adv Sci (Weinh)
IL4I1⁺ Macrophages and TDO2⁺ Myofibroblasts Drive AhR-Mediated Immunosuppression and Ferroptosis Resistance in Solid Predominant Lung Adenocarcinoma. [Abstract]2025 Dec 22:e13606. PMID: 41431173 -
Phytomedicine
A microbiota-tryptophol-AhR axis mediates the gut-kidney protective effects of Hushen Tongfengtai Granules in hyperuricemic nephropathy. [Abstract]2026 Jun:155:158089. PMID: 41886955
Tryptophol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2026 Jun:155:158089. [Abstract]
Feature ranking using Random Forest and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms identifying top metabolites contributing to group discrimination, with tryptophol (indole-3-ethanol) highlighted.
Tryptophol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2026 Jun:155:158089. [Abstract]
Schematic illustration of the urate nephropathy induction and treatment protocol. Mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of potassium oxonate (PO, 300 mg/kg) and oral hypoxanthine (Hx, 250 mg/kg) for 14 days, During the same treatment with medium-dose HSTFT (HSTFT-M, 33.47 g/kg) or tryptophol at low (TOL-L, 50 mg/kg/day) and high (TOL-H, 100 mg/kg/day) doses (n=6 per group).
Tryptophol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2026 Jun:155:158089. [Abstract]
AB-PAS staining further showed marked restoration of goblet-cell abundance and mucin secretion, particularly in the high-dose Tryptophol (TOL) group.
Tryptophol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2026 Jun:155:158089. [Abstract]
Colonic expression of IL6, TNFα, and IL1β were significantly suppressed following Tryptophol (TOL) administration, confirming its potent anti-inflammatory effect.
Tryptophol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2026 Jun:155:158089. [Abstract]
Western blot analysis confirmed these results at the protein level. Compared with the model group, Tryptophol (TOL)-treated mice exhibited significantly higher expression of tightjunction proteins ZO-1 and Occludin, as well as adherens junction marker E-cadherin.
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (620.35 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (15.51 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (15.51 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 50% PEG300 50% Saline
Solubility: 66.67 mg/mL (413.59 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL. * In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (295 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Zhao Z, et al. Tryptophol Improves the Biocontrol Efficacy of Scheffersomyces spartinae against the Gray Mold of Strawberries by Quorum Sensing. J Agric Food Chem. 2023 Dec 13;71(49):19739-19748. [Content Brief]
[2]. Kosalec I, et al. Assessment of tryptophol genotoxicity in four cell lines in vitro: a pilot study with alkaline comet assay. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2011 Mar;62(1):41-9. [Content Brief]
[3]. Jin M, et al. The effect of tryptophol on the bacteriophage infection in high-temperature environment. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2015 Oct;99(19):8101-11. [Content Brief]
[4]. Kosalec I, et al. Genotoxicity of tryptophol in a battery of short-term assays on human white blood cells in vitro. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2008 May;102(5):443-52. [Content Brief]
[5]. Inagaki S, et al. Tryptophol induces death receptor (DR) 5-mediated apoptosis in U937 cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2007 Aug;71(8):2065-8. [Content Brief]
[6]. Niwa T, et al. In Vitro Anti-inflammatory Activity of Tyrosol and Tryptophol: Metabolites of Yeast via the Ehrlich Pathway. Biol Pharm Bull. 2025;48(2):115-118. [Content Brief]
[7]. Khan MF, et al. Regulation of Cunninghamella spp. biofilm growth by tryptophol and tyrosol. Biofilm. 2021 Mar 26;3:100046. [Content Brief]
[8]. Seed JR, et al. The biological effects of tryptophol (indole-3-ethanol): hemolytic, biochemical and behavior modifying activity. Comp Biochem Physiol C Comp Pharmacol. 1978;60(2):175-85. [Content Brief]
[11]. Satoh T, et al. Effect of tryptophol on pentylenetetrazol and picrotoxin induced convulsion in mice. Life Sci. 1979 May 28;24(22):2031-6. [Content Brief]
[12]. Park I, et al. Gut Microbiota-Derived Indole-3-Carboxylate Influences Mucosal Integrity and Immunity Through the Activation of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptors and Nutrient Transporters in Broiler Chickens Challenged With Eimeria maxima. Front Immunol. 2022 Jun 23;13:867754. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 6.2035 mL | 31.0174 mL | 62.0347 mL | 155.0869 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.2407 mL | 6.2035 mL | 12.4069 mL | 31.0174 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.6203 mL | 3.1017 mL | 6.2035 mL | 15.5087 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.4136 mL | 2.0678 mL | 4.1356 mL | 10.3391 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.3102 mL | 1.5509 mL | 3.1017 mL | 7.7543 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.2481 mL | 1.2407 mL | 2.4814 mL | 6.2035 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.2068 mL | 1.0339 mL | 2.0678 mL | 5.1696 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1551 mL | 0.7754 mL | 1.5509 mL | 3.8772 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.1241 mL | 0.6203 mL | 1.2407 mL | 3.1017 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.1034 mL | 0.5170 mL | 1.0339 mL | 2.5848 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0775 mL | 0.3877 mL | 0.7754 mL | 1.9386 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0620 mL | 0.3102 mL | 0.6203 mL | 1.5509 mL |
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