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ATP

(Synonyms: Adenosine 5'-triphosphate)
173 Cited Publications
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Based on 173 publication(s) in Google Scholar

ATP (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate) is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation. ATP can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and induce IL-1β and chemokines secretion. ATP has anti-bacterial infection effects and can protect mice against bacterial infection in mice.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

  • Purity: 99.88%
  • CAS No.: 56-65-5
  • Formula: C10H16N5O13P3
  • Molecular Weight:507.18
  • Storage:

    -20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

    * In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

  • ATP Chemical Structure
    ATP Chemical Structure
  • Experimental Validation Results for ATP
  • Experimental Validation Results for ATP
  • Experimental Validation Results for ATP
  • Experimental Validation Results for ATP
  • Experimental Validation Results for ATP
  • Experimental Validation Results for ATP
  • Experimental Validation Results for ATP
  • Experimental Validation Results for ATP
  • Experimental Validation Results for ATP
  • Experimental Validation Results for ATP
  • Experimental Validation Results for ATP
CAS No.: 56-65-5
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WBCell Imaging/StainingRT-PCRIPCell Proliferation/Viability Assay
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All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms

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All NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Isoforms

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All Interleukin Related Isoforms

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  • ATP Chemical Structure
    ATP Chemical Structure
    1/16
  • 1/16

    ATP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2025 Oct 25:148:157454. [Abstract]

    Customer Validation
     BV2 cells (2.5 × 10⁵ cells/ml) were pretreated with syringin for 2 h and subsequently stimulated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 16 h. For activation, LPS‑primed cells were treated with syringin or MCC950 for 2 h, followed by 3 mM ATP for 1.5 h or 10 μM nigericin for 1 h before collection. Representative WB showing NLRP3, pro-Caspase-1, and pro-IL-1β in cell lysates, and cleaved-Caspase-1 and cleaved-IL-1β in culture supernatants in ATP-induced activation. (B, C) Densitometric quantification of cleaved-Caspase-1 and cleaved-IL-1β in (A).

  • 1/16

    ATP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2025 Oct 25:148:157454. [Abstract]

    Customer Validation
     LPS (3 mM) + ATP treatment significantly increased Iba-1 intensity, indicating activation of BV2 cells.

  • 1/16

    ATP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2025 Oct 25:148:157454. [Abstract]

    Customer Validation
     qRT-PCR analysis of a panel of microglial activation markers revealed that LPS + ATP (3 mM) significantly upregulated the transcription of CD11b, CD14, CD16, CD32, and Iba-1 in BV2 cell.

  • 1/16

    ATP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2025 Oct 25:148:157454. [Abstract]

    Customer Validation
     DCFH-DA fluorescence staining revealed that LPS + ATP (3 mM) treatment markedly increased intracellular ROS levels in BV2 microglia, as indicated by elevated DCF fluorescence intensity. Treatment with 50 or 100 μM syringin significantly suppressed ROS production.

  • 1/16

    ATP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2025 Oct 25:148:157454. [Abstract]

    Customer Validation
     100 μM syringin did not affect the expression levels of NLRP3, pro-Caspase-1, or ASC proteins in total lysates under LPS + ATP treatment in BV2 cells.

  • 1/16

    ATP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Immunity. 2024 Mar 12;57(3):495-512.e11. [Abstract]

    Customer Validation
     Representative western blots and analyses of the following proteins in BV2 cells treated with vehicle (Con), LPS (200 ng/ml, 3 h), LPS + ATP (3 mM, 30 min), or LPS + ATP-siNKAα1.

  • 1/16

    ATP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Transl Res. 2023 May:255:1-13. [Abstract]

    Customer Validation
     LPS/ATP treatment significantly promotes expression of NLRP3 and production of N-GSDMD in HAEC. HAEC are pretreated with LPS (500ng/ml) for 5 h and then stimulated with ATP (5 mM) for 1 h.

  • 1/16

    ATP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Differ. 2022 Feb;29(2):439-450. [Abstract]

    Customer Validation
     Primary BMDM cells were isolated from WT and Trim21-/- C57BL/6 mice. Cells were primed with 1 μg/mL LPS for 2 h followed by 5 mM ATP or 20 μM Nig or 30 μM flagellin for 30 min. Cell viability are determined by the Cell Counting Kit-8.

  • 1/16

    ATP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Crit Care. 2021 Oct 12;25(1):356. [Abstract]

    Customer Validation
     Stimulation of Raw264.7 macrophages with PBS/PBS-Exo/TNF-Exo for 24 h and treatment with PBS, 5 mM ATP or 20 mM nigericin for 2 h. Cleavage of GSDMD by western blot. GSDMD-FL: full-length GSDMD, GSDMD-N: N-terminal cleavage products of GSDMD.

  • 1/16

    ATP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2020 Feb 18;11(2):132.  [Abstract]

    Customer Validation
     KCs were stimulated with 100 ng/mL LPS for 4 hours and subsequently treated them with 5 mM ATP for 2 hours to induce pyroptosis. The RNA level of lnc-Lfar1 was determined by qRT-PCR.

  • 1/16

    ATP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2020 Feb 18;11(2):132.  [Abstract]

    Customer Validation
     KCs were transfected with lnc-Lfar1 siRNA for 24 h, followed by stimulation with 100 ng/ml LPS for 4 h and subsequently treated with 5 mM ATP or 100 ng/ml for 2 h to induce pyroptosis. a, b The protein level of NLRP3, Caspase1 and GSDMD was determined by western blot. GAPDH was used as an internal control.

  • ATP