NF-κB Activator

Anti-Mouse GITR Antibody (DTA-1) is a rat derived IgG2b monoclonal agonist antibody targeting mouse GITR. Anti-Mouse GITR Antibody (DTA-1) can activate T cells and B cells to enhance immune response. Anti-Mouse GITR Antibody (DTA-1) selectively enhances Th2 cell effector function through GITR signaling. Anti-Mouse GITR Antibody (DTA-1) may exacerbate allergic reactions. Anti-Mouse GITR Antibody (DTA-1) can be used for researches on cancer and allergic conditions such as colon cancer and allergic asthma. The recommed isotype control of Anti-Mouse GITR Antibody (DTA-1) is Rat IgG2b kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P990682).

Penehyclidine (Penequinine) hydrochloride, a anticholinergic agent, is a selective antagonist of M1 and M3 receptors. Penehyclidine hydrochloride activates NF-kβ in lung tissue and inhibits the release of inflammatory factors. Penehyclidine hydrochloride can alleviate the pulmonary inflammatory response in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) undergoing mechanical ventilation.

RP-182 is a synthetic immunomodulatory peptide that exerts anti-tumor effects by targeting the mannose receptor CD206 (K_d = 8 μM) on the surface of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). RP-182 induces a conformational switch of the CD206 receptor, which activates NF-κB signaling and phagocytosis in CD206^high TAMs. RP-182 has dual function: activation of canonical NF-κB signaling, triggering TNFα secretion and autocrine activation of the TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1), leading to activation of caspase 8, apoptosis, and cell death. RP-182 is used in pancreatic cancer and melanoma research.

Human Cathepsin S (CTSS) is a cysteine protease with elastinolytic activity. Human Cathepsin S is inhibited by cysteine protease inhibitors such as E-64 (HY-15282) and cystatin C. Human Cathepsin S cleaves substrates including elastin, TGF-β1, Myelin basic protein (HY-P1821), PAR2, SIRT1, collagen 18A1, FKN, and MHC-II invariant chain fragments, thereby driving processes such as elastic matrix degradation, TGF-β1 signaling, demyelination, PAR2-mediated calcium mobilization, NF-κB activation, hepatic fibrosis, immune homeostasis regulation, and antigen presentation. Human Cathepsin S can be used in the research of cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney diseases, autoimmune diseases, tumors, Alzheimer's disease, and obesity.

diABZI-4 is a STING activator and broad-spectrum antiviral agent with immunostimulatory activity. diABZI-4 triggers the TBK1-IRF3 and NF-κB signaling cascades by inducing STING oligomerization, thereby promoting the production of type I/III interferons and various proinflammatory cytokines. diABZI-4 exhibits broad-spectrum antiviral activity and effectively inhibits the replication of influenza A virus, SARS-CoV-2, herpes simplex virus, and other viruses. diABZI-4 also activates lymphocytes and macrophages to provide significant pre- and post-exposure protection in viral disease models. diABZI-4 can be used to study COVID-19, respiratory viral infections, and related immunopathological mechanisms.

Tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate-d₁₂ is the deuterium labeled Tris(β-chloroethyl) phosphate. Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate is a widely used organic phosphorus flame retardant, mainly used as a plasticizer. Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate has orally active hepatotoxicity, inducing an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium ions (Ca²⁺) influx, a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (△Ψm), and causing DNA damage and cell apoptosis. Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate directly binds to FXR, inducing obesity and the formation of fatty liver in mice. Chloroethyl) phosphate activates the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, triggering liver inflammation.

Boserolimab (MK-5890) is a humanized agonist monoclonal antibody that binds to CD27 to provide a costimulatory signal that enhances T-cell–mediated responses.

SDMA (Standard) is the analytical standard of SDMA. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. SDMA (Symmetric dimethylarginine) is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthase activity. SDMA, a novel kidney biomarker, permits earlier diagnosis of kidney disease than traditional creatinine testing.

Pellitorine is a bioactive natural amide compound. Pellitorine can competitively antagonize the activation of TRPV1 by Capsaicin (HY-10448), thereby reducing pain signal transmission. Pellitorine improves cognitive dysfunction by upregulating the BDNF-ERK1/2-CREB and Nrf2-HO-1 pathways. Pellitorine exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-sepsis effects by inhibiting the release of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) and the expression of RAGE/TLR4. Pellitorine exerts its antithrombotic effect by prolonging the clotting time, inhibiting the activity of clotting factors and thrombin. Pellitorine inhibits lipid peroxidation and resists ferroptosis by upregulating GPX4 and DHODH. Pellitorine kills Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae by inhibiting V-type H⁺-ATPase and aquaporin 4 (AaAQP4). Pellitorine exhibits anti-cancer activity (e.g., leukemia and breast cancer) and has inhibitory effects on certain bacteria.

Echinulin (Echinuline) is a cyclic dipeptide carrying a triprenylated indole moiety. Echinulin contributes to the activation of T cell subsets, which leads to NF-κB activation.Echinulin exerts its immune roles by the NF-κB pathway.Echinulin has the potential to serve as a immunotherapeutic agent.

BI-1910 is an agonistic human IgG2 monoclonal antibody targeting TNFR2, which selectively binds to human TNFR2 without inhibiting TNF-α binding. As an endogenous agonist, BI-1910 activates TNFR2 and mediates the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Its agonistic activity is independent of FcγR or cross-linking; it can directly costimulate T cells and NK cells, induce T cell proliferation, and activate tumor-specific CD8+ T cells. BI-1910 exhibits antitumor activity in vivo, and shows an additive antitumor effect when combined with anti-PD-1 (HY-P9902). It can be used in research related to advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. Recommended isotype control: Human IgG2 lambda, Isotype Control (HY-P991206).

Chitosan oligosaccharide (MW 2000) is a natural oligomer derived from chitosan, with a molecular weight of 2000 Da. Chitosan oligosaccharide (MW 2000∼3000 Da) activates the P53, MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. As an ideal immunopotentiator, chitosan oligosaccharide is mainly used as a feed additive in aquaculture.

Triphenyl phosphate-d₁₅ is the deuterium labeled Triphenyl phosphate. Triphenyl phosphate is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable aryl organophosphate flame retardant and endocrine disruptor. Triphenyl phosphate disrupts mitochondrial dynamic balance through oxidative stress, induces excessive mitophagy and apoptosis, and ultimately leads to myocardial fibrosis. In the brain, Triphenyl phosphate activates the NF-κB inflammatory pathway by disrupting the gut microbiota, alters tryptophan metabolism and elevates neurotoxins, thereby inducing anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. In the skeletal and reproductive systems, Triphenyl phosphate inhibits osteoblast differentiation and induces germ cell apoptosis by suppressing the MAPK/ERK pathway and activating the JNK signal, respectively. In adipose and placental tissues, Triphenyl phosphate promotes lipid accumulation by activating the PI3K/AKT-PPARγ axis, and disrupts placental metabolism via the MAOA/ROS/NF-κB cascade, impairing neurodevelopment of offspring.

Rubipodanone A, a naphthohydroquinone dimer, shows cytotoxicity against A549, BEL-7402, HeLa, HepG2, SGC-7901 and U251 cells. Rubipodanone A also shows obvious activating effect at 20 and 40 μM for NF-κB.

RP-182 acetate is a synthetic immunomodulatory peptide that exerts anti-tumor effects by targeting the mannose receptor CD206 (K_d = 8 μM) on the surface of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). RP-182 acetate induces a conformational switch of the CD206 receptor, which activates NF-κB signaling and phagocytosis in CD206^high TAMs. RP-182 acetate has dual function: activation of canonical NF-κB signaling, triggering TNFα secretion and autocrine activation of the TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1), leading to activation of caspase 8, apoptosis, and cell death. RP-182 acetate is used in pancreatic cancer and melanoma research.

Flagellin from S. typhimurium is a potent TLR5 agonist. Flagellin from S. typhimurium activates immune cells and inhibits the activity of melanoma cells. Flagellin from S. typhimurium activates the NF-κB pathway dependent on the TLR5/MyD88/TRAF6 signaling axis in cells. Flagellin from S. typhimurium induces a proinflammatory response in the primary chicken hepatocyte-nonparenchymal cell co-culture system by promoting IL-8 production, inhibiting IL-10 production, and increasing the IFN-γ/IL-10 ratio. Flagellin from S. typhimurium can be used for research on melanoma and inflammatory diseases.

SMU-Z1 is a TLR1/2 heterodimer agonist with an EC₅₀ of 4.88 nM. SMU-Z1 activates the NF-κB pathway, triggers pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and induces the generation of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and NO. SMU-Z1 promotes splenocyte proliferation and upregulates the expression of CD8⁺T cells, NK cells and dendritic cells. SMU-Z1 exhibits significant anti-tumor effects in mouse leukemia models. SMU-Z1 can be used for leukemia-related research.

HSV-60mer sodium is a 60 bp double-stranded DNA oligonucleotide derived from the HSV-1 genome, and also an IFNβ inducer. HSV-60mer sodium colocalizes with endogenous cytoplasmic IFI16 in immune cells. HSV-60mer sodium activates the transcription factors IRF3 and NF-κB, induces the production of proinflammatory cytokines, and inhibits HSV-1 replication in immune cells. HSV-60mer sodium can be used in studies related to herpes simplex virus type 1 infection.

Fluopyram (Standard) is the analytical standard of Fluopyram (HY-119459). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Fluopyram is an orally active succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor, antifungal and nematicide. Fluopyram inhibits succinate dehydrogenase activity, activates CAR/PXR nuclear receptors, and increases caspase-3, TNF-α and NF-κB. Fluopyram inhibits the growth of F. virguliforme, Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria solani with EC₅₀ values of 3.35, 5.389 and 0.244 µg/mL, respectively. Fluopyram induces liver and thyroid tumor formation. Fluopyram is nephrotoxic and embryotoxic.

4-Hydroxybenzophenone-d₅ (4HBP-d₅) is the deuterated-labeled 4-Hydroxybenzophenone (HY-W014937). 4‑Hydroxybenzophenone (4HBP) is a major metabolite of Benzophenone (HY-Y0546) and is orally active. 4-Hydroxybenzophenone triggers endoplasmic reticulum stress and activates the PERK-eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP and IRE1α-XBP1s pathways, and inhibits IκB translation. 4-Hydroxybenzophenone induces endoplasmic reticulum stress, unfolded protein response activation, protein homeostasis imbalance, protein aggregation, oxidative stress, ROS accumulation, mitochondrial membrane potential decrease, ATP depletion, and cytotoxicity. 4-Hydroxybenzophenone induces neural stem cell apoptosis (apoptosis) and affects neuronal differentiation. 4-Hydroxybenzophenone promotes malignant proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and xenograft tumor growth in nude mice. 4-Hydroxybenzophenone can be used in research related to neurodevelopmental toxicity and hepatocellular carcinoma.