Art. -Nr.: HY-B0545

Probenecid

49 Cited Publications

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Based on 49 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Probenecid is a potent and selective agonist of transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2) channels. Probenecid also inhibits pannexin 1 channels.

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Reinheit: 99.94%
CAS. Nr.: 57-66-9
Formel: C₁₃H₁₉NO₄S
Molecular Weight:285.36

Speicherung:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 1 year , -20°C, 6 months

Probenecid Chemical Structure

CAS. Nr.: 57-66-9

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Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biologische Aktivität
- Beschreibung
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (49)
Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Protokoll
Reinheit & Dokumentation
Verweise
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biologische Aktivität

Beschreibung

Probenecid is a potent and selective agonist of transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2) channels. Probenecid also inhibits pannexin 1 channels.

IC₅₀ & Target

TRPV2

Alle TRP Channel Isoform-spezifische Produkte anzeigen :

Alle HIV Isoform-spezifische Produkte anzeigen :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
CHO	IC₅₀	6.3 μM Compound: Probenecid	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of 6-Carboxyfluorescein uptake in OAT1-expressing CHO cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of 6-Carboxyfluorescein uptake in OAT1-expressing CHO cells	[PMID: 10929807]
CHO	IC₅₀	7.4 μM Compound: Probenecid	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Adefovir uptake in OAT1-expressing CHO cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Adefovir uptake in OAT1-expressing CHO cells	[PMID: 10991954]
CHO	IC₅₀	3.02 μM Compound: probenecid	Inhibition of mouse OAT3 expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of fluorescein uptake over 20 mins Inhibition of mouse OAT3 expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of fluorescein uptake over 20 mins	[PMID: 23344796]
CHO	EC₅₀	4.2 mM Compound: Probenecid	Agonist activity at human TRPA1 expressed in CHO cells assessed as increase in calcium influx by Fluo-4-AM dye based fluorescence assay Agonist activity at human TRPA1 expressed in CHO cells assessed as increase in calcium influx by Fluo-4-AM dye based fluorescence assay	[PMID: 30878828]
HEK293	IC₅₀	50 μM Compound: probenecid	Inhibition of human URAT1-mediated urate uptake in HEK293 cells Inhibition of human URAT1-mediated urate uptake in HEK293 cells	[PMID: 17325024]
S2	IC₅₀	12.5 μM Compound: Probenecid	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Urate uptake (Urate: 300 uM) in OAT1-expressing S2 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Urate uptake (Urate: 300 uM) in OAT1-expressing S2 cells	[PMID: 12472777]
S2	IC₅₀	12.3 μM Compound: Probenecid	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of PHA uptake (PHA: 5uM) in hOAT1-expressing S2 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of PHA uptake (PHA: 5uM) in hOAT1-expressing S2 cells	[PMID: 14978359]
S2	IC₅₀	25.4 μM Compound: Probenecid	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of ES uptake (ES: 50nM) in hOAT4-expressing S2 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of ES uptake (ES: 50nM) in hOAT4-expressing S2 cells	[PMID: 14978359]
S2	IC₅₀	4.93 μM Compound: Probenecid	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of ES uptake (ES: 50nM) in hOAT3-expressing S2 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of ES uptake (ES: 50nM) in hOAT3-expressing S2 cells	[PMID: 14978359]
S2	IC₅₀	6.03 μM Compound: Probenecid	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of ES uptake (ES: 50nM) in rOAT3-expressing S2 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of ES uptake (ES: 50nM) in rOAT3-expressing S2 cells	[PMID: 14978359]
S2	IC₅₀	668 μM Compound: Probenecid	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of PGF2alpha uptake (PGF2: 50nM) in hOAT2-expressing S2 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of PGF2alpha uptake (PGF2: 50nM) in hOAT2-expressing S2 cells	[PMID: 14978359]
S2	IC₅₀	977 μM Compound: Probenecid	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of PGF2alpha uptake (PGF2: 50nM) in rOAT2-expressing S2 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of PGF2alpha uptake (PGF2: 50nM) in rOAT2-expressing S2 cells	[PMID: 14978359]
Sf21	IC₅₀	509.9 μM Compound: Probenecid	Inhibition of Sprague-Dawley rat Bsep expressed in plasma membrane vesicles of Sf21 cells assessed as inhibition of ATP-dependent [3H]taurocholate uptake Inhibition of Sprague-Dawley rat Bsep expressed in plasma membrane vesicles of Sf21 cells assessed as inhibition of ATP-dependent [3H]taurocholate uptake	[PMID: 21965623]
Sf21	IC₅₀	564.8 μM Compound: Probenecid	Inhibition of human BSEP expressed in plasma membrane vesicles of Sf21 cells assessed as inhibition of ATP-dependent [3H]taurocholate uptake Inhibition of human BSEP expressed in plasma membrane vesicles of Sf21 cells assessed as inhibition of ATP-dependent [3H]taurocholate uptake	[PMID: 21965623]

In Vitro

Probenecid efficiently inhibits ATP-dependent active vesicular N-ethylmaleimide glutathione (NEM-GS) uptake by both MRP1 and MRP2. A significant inhibition of the MRP1-ATPase is observed at higher organic anion concentrations. In contrast, the ATPase activity of MRP2 is strongly stimulated by both Probenecid (approximate K_ACT=250 μM), sulfinpyrazone (K_ACT=300 μM), and indomethacin (K_ACT=150 μM), and ATPase activation is even stronger than in the case of NEM-GS. The organic anion activation of the MRP2-ATPase followed bell-shaped curves, with maximum values obtained at about 2 mM for Probenecid, 800 μM for sulfinpyrazone, and 400 μM for indomethacin^[2]. Probenecid is an inhibitor of the hTAS2R16, hTAS2R38, and hTAS2R43 bitter taste receptors. Probenecid acts on a subset of TAS2Rs and inhibits through a novel, allosteric mechanism of action. Probenecid is also commonly used to enhance cellular signals in GPCR calcium mobilization assays. Probenecid specifically inhibits the cellular response mediated by the bitter taste receptor hTAS2R16 and provide molecular and pharmacological evidence for direct interaction with this GPCR using a non-competitive (allosteric) mechanism^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Administration of Probenecid to WT mice results in increased contractility as measured via ejection fraction (EF) relative to EF in control mice given saline. The increased contractility is noted within 5 minutes of the bolus injection with all doses at or above 75 mg/kg (peak change of 5.26±3.35, 8.40±2.80, 7.32±2.52 for 75mg/kg, 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg, respectively). The measured change in contractility as measured at 5 minute intervals (for 30 minutes total) revealed a dose dependent increase in contractility with an estimated EC₅₀ of 49.33 mg/kg. The EF remained at an elevated state for at least 1 hour on subjects (n=5, dose of 200 mg/kg IV) that are evaluated for a longer period of time (average increase in EF over baseline of 8.9±2.57)^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS. Nr. 57-66-9
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 285.36
Formel C₁₃H₁₉NO₄S
Color White to off-white
SMILES

O=C(O)C1=CC=C(S(=O)(N(CCC)CCC)=O)C=C1
Versand

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Speicherung

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	1 year
	-20°C	6 months

Publications (49)

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Cell Res

SLC1A1-mediated cellular and mitochondrial influx of R-2-hydroxyglutarate in vascular endothelial cells promotes tumor angiogenesis in IDH1-mutant solid tumors. [Abstract]

2022 Jul;32(7):638-658. PMID: 35459936
Immunity

Intestinal Tuft-2 cells exert antimicrobial immunity via sensing bacterial metabolite N-undecanoylglycine. [Abstract]

2022 Apr 12;55(4):686-700.e7. PMID: 35320705
Nat Immunol

Lipid asymmetry disruption by XKR8 orchestrates neutrophil extracellular trap formation and inhibits fungal infection. [Abstract]

2026 May;27(5):949-960. PMID: 41781710
Cell Mol Immunol

ACPAs promote IL-1β production in rheumatoid arthritis by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome. [Abstract]

2020 Mar;17(3):261-271. PMID: 30911117
Nat Commun

ERα blockade in dendritic cells enhances antigen cross-presentation and induces antitumor CD8+ T cell immunity. [Abstract]

2026 May 5;17(1):6063. PMID: 42086580
Nat Commun

Human iPSC-based Modeling of Pulmonary Fibrosis Reveals p300/CBP Inhibition Suppresses Alveolar Transitional Cell State. [Abstract]

2026 Feb 12;17(1):1214. PMID: 41680175
Adv Sci (Weinh)

Hyperviscous Diabetic Bone Marrow Niche Impairs BMSCs Osteogenesis via TRPV2-Mediated Cytoskeletal-Nuclear Mechanotransduction. [Abstract]

2025 Dec 22:e09056. PMID: 41431162
Adv Sci (Weinh)

Uric Acid Functions as an Endogenous Modulator of Microglial Function and Amyloid Clearance in Alzheimer's Disease. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 6:e10270. PMID: 41051385
Adv Sci (Weinh)

Neuronal FGF13 Inhibits Mitochondria-Derived Damage Signals to Prevent Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. [Abstract]

2025 Jul;12(28):e2503579. PMID: 40344619
Cell Death Differ

GBA1 F213I mutation increases the expression of LCN2 promoting neurodegeneration. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 31. PMID: 41917182
Int J Biol Sci

GRP75-faciliated Mitochondria-associated ER Membrane (MAM) Integrity controls Cisplatin-resistance in Ovarian Cancer Patients. [Abstract]

2022 Apr 11;18(7):2914-2931. PMID: 35541901
Acta Pharmacol Sin

Species differences in the hepatobiliary disposition of morphine-6-glucuronide mediated by hepatic transporters in rats and humans. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 15. PMID: 40954191
J Transl Med

Chronic sleep deprivation induces plasma exosome-derived miR-150-5p downregulation as a novel mechanism involved in Parkinson's disease progression by targeting DCLK1. [Abstract]

2025 Jul 11;23(1):781. PMID: 40646516
ACS Environ Au

Machine Learning-Assisted Recognition of Environmental Sulfur-Containing Chemicals in Nontargeted Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Inadequate Mass Resolution. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 5;5(6):573-582. PMID: 41277996
Food Res Int

Ergothioneine exerts neuroprotective effects in Parkinson's disease: Targeting α-synuclein aggregation and oxidative stress. [Abstract]

2025 Feb:201:115590. PMID: 39849723
Drug Deliv

Reliable high-PAP-1-loaded polymeric micelles for cancer therapy: preparation, characterization, and evaluation of anti-tumor efficacy. [Abstract]

2025 Dec;32(1):2490269. PMID: 40207975
Cell Rep

Structural basis for the reversal of human MRP4-mediated multidrug resistance by lapatinib. [Abstract]

2025 Mar 25;44(4):115466. PMID: 40138312
Chin Med

Targeting G-protein-coupled receptors and gut microbiota: Ge-Lian Qi-Shen decoction elevates GLP-1 to combat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. [Abstract]

2026 Jan 24;21(1):51. PMID: 41580820
Anal Chem

Exposome-Scale Investigation of Cl-/Br-Containing Chemicals Using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry, Multistage Machine Learning, and Cloud Computing. [Abstract]

2025 Jun 3;97(21):11099-11109. PMID: 40401576
Front Immunol

TENS alleviates CP/CPPS-related inflammation and pain by modulating Kir2.1-dependent macrophage polarization. [Abstract]

2026 Jan 12:16:1683500. PMID: 41624842
Redox Rep

Uric acid alleviates the inflammatory response in LPS-induced BV2 cells and MPTP-induced PD mice by resisting ferroptosis through the Nrf2 signalling pathway. [Abstract]

2026 Dec 31;31(1):2668238. PMID: 42241031
J Agric Food Chem

Nuciferine Alleviates Renal Injury by Inhibiting Inflammatory Responses in Fructose-Fed Rats. [Abstract]

2016 Oct 26;64(42):7899-7910. PMID: 27718563
Biochem Pharmacol

Aquaporin-1 (AQP1) mediates cardiac oedema and mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiometabolic HFpEF: New insights into the mechanisms of SGLT2 inhibitors. [Abstract]

2026 Jun 12;251(Pt 2):118159. PMID: 42285370
Transl Res

Counteracting TGM2 by a Fibroin peptide ameliorated Adriamycin-induced nephropathy via regulation of lipid metabolism through PANX1-PPAR α/PANK1 pathway. [Abstract]

2024 May 9:271:26-39. PMID: 38734063
Pharmaceuticals (Basel)

Neuroprotective Effects of Rosa roxburghii Tratt Juice Concentrate Powder in Parkinson's Disease Mice via the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. [Abstract]

2026 May;19(5):711. PMID: 42198384
Int J Mol Sci

Cisplatin Synergistically Enhances Antitumor Potency of Conditionally Replicating Adenovirus via p53 Dependent or Independent Pathways in Human Lung Carcinoma. [Abstract]

2019 Mar 5;20(5):1125. PMID: 30841620
Front Pharmacol

Ca2+-Permeable Channels/Ca2+ Signaling in the Regulation of Ileal Na+/Gln Co-Transport in Mice. [Abstract]

2022 Feb 23;13:816133. PMID: 35281933
Chem Biol Interact

7-Hydroxycoumarin and its conjugated metabolites interact with organic anion transporters 1 and 3 in vitro and in vivo. [Abstract]

2025 Jan 5:405:111293. PMID: 39481674
Cell Calcium

Impact of channel properties, imaging strategies and diffusional constraints on the detectability of Ca2+ microdomains. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 20:135:103133. PMID: 41895149
Cell Calcium

Simultaneous TIRF imaging of subplasmalemmal Ca2+ dynamics and granule fusions in insulin-secreting INS-1 cells reveals coexistent synchronized and asynchronous release. [Abstract]

2024 Jun:120:102883. PMID: 38643716
Exp Neurol

Early α-synuclein/synapsin III co-accumulation, nigrostriatal dopaminergic synaptopathy and denervation in the MPTPp mouse model of Parkinson's Disease. [Abstract]

2025 Jan:383:115040. PMID: 39500391
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol

Characterization of in vitro Mrp2 transporter model based on intestinal organoids. [Abstract]

2019 Nov:108:104449. PMID: 31449916
J Endocrinol Invest

Pannexin-1 regulation of ATP release promotes the invasion of pituitary adenoma. [Abstract]

2025 Feb;48(2):317-332. PMID: 39527372
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol

Human trophoblast organoids for improved prediction of placental ABC transporter-mediated drug transport. [Abstract]

2024 Nov:492:117112. PMID: 39326791
Neuroscience

Inhibition of TRPA1 Attenuates Oxidative Stress-induced Damage After Traumatic Brain Injury via the ERK/AKT Signaling Pathway. [Abstract]

2022 Jul 1:494:51-68. PMID: 35158017
Mol Pharmacol

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 activation accelerates keratinocyte migration in vitro but not dermal wound healing in vivo. [Abstract]

2025 Dec;107(12):100084. PMID: 41240425
J Dig Dis

DREADDs-Based Chemogenetics Induced Slow Transit Constipation via Inhibition of Enteric Neurons. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 14. PMID: 40223443
Toxicol In Vitro

YAN, a novel microtubule inhibitor, inhibits P-gp and MRP1 function and induces mitotic slippage followed by apoptosis in multidrug-resistant A549/Taxol cells. [Abstract]

2020 Dec:69:104971. PMID: 32805372
Adv Med Educ Pract

Online Medical Education in India - Different Challenges and Probable Solutions in the Age of COVID-19. [Abstract]

2021 Mar 4:12:237-243. PMID: 33692645
Biochem Biophys Res Commun

Protective role of TRPV2 in synaptic plasticity through the ERK1/2-CREB-BDNF pathway in chronic unpredictable mild stress rats. [Abstract]

2024 Aug 20:721:150128. PMID: 38776831
Biopharm Drug Dispos

Inhibition of canalicular and sinusoidal taurocholate efflux by cholestatic drugs in human hepatoma HepaRG cells. [Abstract]

2022 Dec;43(6):265-271. PMID: 36195987
Lasers Surg Med

The sensitivity of glioma cells to pyropheophorbide-αmethyl ester-mediated photodynamic therapy is enhanced by inhibiting ABCG2. [Abstract]

2017 Sep;49(7):719-726. PMID: 28370217
Cutan Ocul Toxicol

Leveraging a TRPV1-overexpressing cell model: an integrated testing strategy for UV filter-induced ocular irritation. [Abstract]

2026 Jun;45(2):243-250. PMID: 41985167
bioRxiv

2026 Mar 12.
bioRxiv

2026 Jan 7.
bioRxiv

2025 Dec 18.
Res Sq

2024 Nov 17.
Research Square Print

August 31st, 2022.
Research Square Preprint

2021 Aug.

Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit

In Vitro:

DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (350.43 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

0.5 M NaOH : 100 mg/mL (350.43 mM; ultrasonic and adjust pH to 12 with NaOH)

* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

3.5043 mL

17.5217 mL

35.0435 mL

5 mM

0.7009 mL

3.5043 mL

7.0087 mL

10 mM

0.3504 mL

1.7522 mL

3.5043 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

Molaritätsrechner

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Konzentration Konzentration

Volumen Volumen

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Verdünnungsrechner

Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)} × Volumen _{(Stammlösung)} = Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)} × Volumen _{(Ziellösung)}

Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)} Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)}

Volumen _{(Stammlösung)} Volumen _{(Stammlösung)}

Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)} Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)}

Volumen _{(Ziellösung)} Volumen _{(Ziellösung)}

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 5% Sodium bicarbonate in ddH2O

Solubility: 16 mg/mL (56.07 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (8.76 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.5 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.76 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Protokoll

Cell Assay^[1]

HEK-293T cells are transfected with hTAS2R expression constructs using Lipofectamine 2000 in poly-lysine coated, black 384-well plates with clear bottoms and incubated for 22 hours at 37°C. Growth media is removed and cells are washed twice with HBSS containing 20 mM HEPES, then loaded with a calcium indicator dye in HBSS containing 20 mM HEPES (Calcium 4 Assay kit) with or without 1 mM Probenecid. Cells are incubated at 37°C for 1 hour in the presence of both dye and Probenecid, then moved to a Flexstation II-384 set for 32°C. After a 15-minute temperature equilibration (without washout), indicated compounds are injected (at t=~25 seconds) and fluorescence is measured for 100 to 180 seconds, reading every 3 seconds. Data sets are analyzed and represented as % over baseline signal using Prism 5.0 software. For Schild plots, replicates of raw calcium flux values are expressed as % over baseline signal. The mean value at 36 seconds (corresponding to the maximum flux signal) for each concentration of TAS2R ligand in the presence of the indicated concentration of Probenecid is plotted against the log of ligand concentration. Data points are fit using non-linear regression in GraphPad Prism^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Administration^[1]

Mice^[1] In order to obtain a dose response curve, male C57 WT (n=39) mice 12-16 weeks of age are anesthetized with isoflurane while intravenous jugular access (IV) is obtained under a microscope. Subsequently, an echocardiographic study with both M-mode and B-mode is obtained in parasternal long axis (PSLAX) as described below. Either saline or different doses of Probenecid (increasing from 2 to 200mg/kg) are injected (bolus IV) for the initial contractility studies in WT mice.

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Reinheit & Dokumentation

Select Batch:

Reinheit: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (284 KB)
SDS (392 KB)
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COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

Verweise

[1]. Koch SE, et al. Probenecid: novel use as a non-injurious positive inotrope acting via cardiac TRPV2 stimulation. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2012 Jul;53(1):134-44. [Content Brief]

[2]. Bakos E, et al. Interactions of the human multidrug resistance proteins MRP1 and MRP2 with organic anions. Mol Pharmacol. 2000 Apr;57(4):760-8. [Content Brief]

[3]. Greene TA, et al. Probenecid inhibits the human bitter taste receptor TAS2R16 and suppresses bitter perception of salicin. PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e20123. [Content Brief]

[4]. Silverman W, et al. Probenecid, a gout remedy, inhibits pannexin 1 channels. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2008 Sep;295(3):C761-7. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO / 0.5 M NaOH	1 mM	3.5043 mL	17.5217 mL	35.0435 mL	87.6086 mL
	5 mM	0.7009 mL	3.5043 mL	7.0087 mL	17.5217 mL
	10 mM	0.3504 mL	1.7522 mL	3.5043 mL	8.7609 mL
	15 mM	0.2336 mL	1.1681 mL	2.3362 mL	5.8406 mL
	20 mM	0.1752 mL	0.8761 mL	1.7522 mL	4.3804 mL
	25 mM	0.1402 mL	0.7009 mL	1.4017 mL	3.5043 mL
	30 mM	0.1168 mL	0.5841 mL	1.1681 mL	2.9203 mL
	40 mM	0.0876 mL	0.4380 mL	0.8761 mL	2.1902 mL
	50 mM	0.0701 mL	0.3504 mL	0.7009 mL	1.7522 mL
	60 mM	0.0584 mL	0.2920 mL	0.5841 mL	1.4601 mL
	80 mM	0.0438 mL	0.2190 mL	0.4380 mL	1.0951 mL
	100 mM	0.0350 mL	0.1752 mL	0.3504 mL	0.8761 mL

Keywords

Probenecid

49 Cited Publications

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Probenecid

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