Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate
Based on 60 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) hydrochloride monohydrate is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate exerts bactericidal effects primarily by inhibiting topoisomerase II and IV. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate inhibits the proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells and chondrocytes from young rats, and also activates the Akt signaling pathway and upregulates markers such as β-catenin and Nanog to maintain the morphological characteristics of stem cells. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate induces significant neurotoxicity and tissue damage, including reducing serotonin and glutathione levels in the brain, inducing oxidative stress and depression-like behaviors, and causing articular cartilage damage. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate can be applied to research related to infections of necrotic young permanent teeth and neurotoxicity.
Nur für Forschungszwecke. Wir verkaufen nicht an Patienten.
- Reinheit : 99.88%
- CAS. Nr.: 86393-32-0
- Formel: C17H21ClFN3O4
- Molecular Weight:385.82
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Speicherung:
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
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HY-10394
LinezolidAntibiotic -
HY-17412
Minocycline hydrochlorideHIF-1α/Glutamate Inhibitor -
HY-B0356
CiprofloxacinTopoisomerase IV Inhibitor -
HY-A0276
Gentamicin sulfateAminoglycoside Antibiotic -
HY-B0272
RifampicinAntivirus Agent -
HY-Y0320
Dimethyl sulfoxide, meets analytical specification of Ch.P.Aprotic Solvent -
HY-B1369A
ImipenemAntibiotic -
HY-B0509A
AmikacinAntibiotic -
HY-17508
ClarithromycinAntimicrobial Agent -
HY-14879A
Avibactam sodiumBeta-lactamase Inhibitor -
HY-B0356BR
Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate (Standard)Topoisomerase IV Inhibitor -
HY-16566A
Kanamycin sulfateAntibacterial Agent
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate
More- Nature. 2024 Aug;632(8027):1137-1144. [Abstract]
- Mater Today. 2026 Apr 7;96:103326.
- Nat Cell Biol. 2024 Sep;26(9):1545-1557. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2022 Mar 2;13(1):1116. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2020 Jul 21;7(17):2001374. [Abstract]
- Water Res. 2024 Nov 29:271:122885. [Abstract]
- Water Res. 2023 Jul 15:240:120110. [Abstract]
- Chem Eng J. 2025 May 1.
- J Exp Med. 2026 Mar 2;223(3):e20241287. [Abstract]
- NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2025 Mar 7;11(1):40. [Abstract]
- NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2024 Oct 28;10(1):111. [Abstract]
- EBioMedicine. 2022 Apr;78:103943. [Abstract]
- Genome Biol. 2023 Apr 30;24(1):98. [Abstract]
- Food Res Int. 2026 Aug 31:238:119421. [Abstract]
- Emerg Contam. 2026 Feb 23.
- Arch Pharm Res. 2025 Jan;48(1):102-114. [Abstract]
- J Med Chem. 2025 Dec 11;68(23):25274-25289. [Abstract]
- Virulence. 2026 Dec 31;17(1):2646808. [Abstract]
- Virulence. 2024 Dec;15(1):2415952. [Abstract]
- J Agric Food Chem. 2025 Dec 23. [Abstract]
- Anal Chim Acta. 2022 Aug 15:1221:340082. [Abstract]
- Front Microbiol. 2022 Feb 16:12:773664. [Abstract]
- Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp. 2025 Dec 26;734:139401.
- Arab J Chem. 2024 May, 17, 5, 105745.
- ACS Appl Polym Mater. 2023 Aug 29.
- Molecules. 2023 Jun 8;28(12):4628. [Abstract]
- Food Sci Nutr. 2026 Jul 2;14(7):e72072.
- Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2018 Aug;52(2):269-271. [Abstract]
- PLoS Pathog. 2024 Dec 31;20(12):e1012783. [Abstract]
- Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2022 Apr;106(7):2689-2702. [Abstract]
- iScience. 2023 Oct 7;26(11):108158. [Abstract]
- Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2026 Apr;70(4):e0170625. [Abstract]
- Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2025 Jul 2;69(7):e0024925. [Abstract]
- J Antimicrob Chemother. 2026 Jun 3;81(7):dkag204. [Abstract]
- Microbiol Spectr. 2025 Jul;13(7):e0307424. [Abstract]
- Microbiol Spectr. 2022 Jun 29;10(3):e0251821. [Abstract]
- Microbiol Spectr. 2022 Feb 23;10(1):e0099121. [Abstract]
- J Antimicrob Chemother. 2020 Jul 1;75(7):1850-1858. [Abstract]
- Microb Pathog. 2024 Jun:191:106666. [Abstract]
- Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2025 Aug 23. [Abstract]
- Water. 2025 Jun 6.
- Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2024 Sep;24(9):889-903. [Abstract]
- Infect Drug Resist. 2026 May 8;19.
- Infect Drug Resist. 2025 Oct 4:18:5239-5247. [Abstract]
- Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2025 Sep 29. [Abstract]
- Anim Dis. 2021;1(1):26. [Abstract]
- Vet Microbiol. 2024 May:292:110046. [Abstract]
- Biofouling. 2026 Aug;42(7):771-781.
- J Microbiol Methods. 2026 Feb 25:107441. [Abstract]
- J Essent Oil Res. 2026 Jul 14;38(4):431-445.
- Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2026 Feb;114(2):117181. [Abstract]
- bioRxiv. 2026 Jan 19.
- Orebro University. 2024.
- bioRxiv. 2024 Nov 06.
- bioRxiv. 2024 May 10.
- bioRxiv. 2024 Feb 9.
- bioRxiv. 2024 Jan 18.
- Research Square Preprint. 2020 Jun.
- Patent. US20200101105A1.
- Chemosphere. 2019 Jun:225:378-387. [Abstract]
Customer Validation & Images
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Microbiological Assay
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Microbiological Assay
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Bio/Physico-chemical Assay
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Bio/Physico-chemical Assay
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Others
Alle Antibiotic Isoform-spezifische Produkte anzeigen
MoreAlle Topoisomerase Isoform-spezifische Produkte anzeigen
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Biologische Aktivität
Beschreibung
IC50 & Target
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Quinolone |
In Vitro
Ciprofloxacin (2.5-10 μg/mL; 24-72 h) hydrochloride monohydrate preserves the stem cell-like spindle morphology of immortalized human dermal papilla cells, and concentrations of 5 and 10 μg/mL for 72 h significantly increase cell aggregation size and number[1].
Ciprofloxacin (10 μg/mL; 72 h) hydrochloride monohydrate preserves CD133 stem cell marker expression and prevents increased procollagen type I fibroblast marker expression in immortalized human dermal papilla cells[1].
Ciprofloxacin (10 μg/mL; 24-72 h) hydrochloride monohydrate prevents time-dependent loss of CD133, integrin β1, and ALDH1A1 stem cell markers and increases in procollagen type I fibroblast marker in immortalized human dermal papilla cells; concentrations of 2.5-10 μg/mL for 72 h modulate these markers in a dose-dependent manner[1].
Ciprofloxacin (2.5-10 μg/mL; 72 h) hydrochloride monohydrate activates the Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway in immortalized human dermal papilla cells in vitro in a dose-dependent manner, increasing activated Akt, inactivated GSK3β, and β-catenin levels[1].
Ciprofloxacin (2.5-10 μg/mL; 72 h) hydrochloride monohydrate activates the Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway and upregulates EMT transcription factors (ZEB1, Snail) in primary human dermal papilla cells in vitro in a dose-dependent manner[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
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Cell Line:Tendon cells
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Concentration:5, 10, 20 and 50 μg/mL
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Incubation Time:24 hours
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Result:Decreased the cellularity of tendon cells.
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Cell Line:Tendon cells
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Concentration:50 μg/mL
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Incubation Time:24 hours
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Result:Arrested cell cycle at the G2/M phase and inhibited cell division in tendon cells.
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Cell Line:Tendon cells
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Concentration:50 μg/mL
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Incubation Time:0, 6, 12, 17 and 24 hours
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Result:Down-regulated the expression of CDK-1 and cyclin B protein and mRNA. Up-regulated the expression of PLK-1 protein.
In Vivo
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:BALB/c mice[3]
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Dosage:30 mg/kg
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Administration:Intraperitoneal injection; for 24 hours
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Result:Reduced the lung bacterial load in murine model of pneumonic plague.
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Animal Model:C57BL/6J mice[4]
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Dosage:100 mg/kg
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Administration:Oral gavage; daily, for 4 weeks
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Result:Had aortic destruction that was accompanied by decreased LOX expression and increased MMP expression and activity.
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Animal Model:C57BL/6J mice[4]
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Dosage:100 mg/kg
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Administration:Oral gavage; daily, for 4 weeks
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Result:Caused mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA damage, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS production. Increased apoptosis and necroptosis in the aortic wall.
Chemical Information
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CAS. Nr. 86393-32-0
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 385.82
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Formel C17H21ClFN3O4
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
[H]O[H].[H]Cl.O=C(C1=CN(C2CC2)C3=C(C=C(F)C(N4CCNCC4)=C3)C1=O)O
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Synonyms
Bay-09867 hydrochloride monohydrate
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Versand
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Speicherung
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
Publications (60)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Nature
2024 Aug;632(8027):1137-1144. PMID: 39085612 -
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Nat Cell Biol
2024 Sep;26(9):1545-1557. PMID: 38997456 -
Nat Commun
Antimicrobial resistance and population genomics of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in pig farms in mainland China. [Abstract]2022 Mar 2;13(1):1116. PMID: 35236849 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
A Macromolecule Reversing Antibiotic Resistance Phenotype and Repurposing Drugs as Potent Antibiotics. [Abstract]2020 Jul 21;7(17):2001374. PMID: 32995131 -
Water Res
Variable cyanobacterial death modes caused by ciprofloxacin in the aquatic environment: Prioritizing antibiotic-photosynthetic protein interactions for risk assessment. [Abstract]2024 Nov 29:271:122885. PMID: 39642793
Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Water Res. 2024 Nov 29:271:122885. [Abstract]
Ciprofloxacin (CIP, 3 or 8 μg/L, 0-7 days) caused concentration-dependent damage in M. aeruginosa cells.
Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Water Res. 2024 Nov 29:271:122885. [Abstract]
Ciprofloxacin (CIP, 3 or 8 μg/L, 3 or 7 days) increased the release and decreased the biosynthesis of MC-LR in M. aeruginosa cells.
Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Water Res. 2024 Nov 29:271:122885. [Abstract]
Ciprofloxacin (CIP, 8 μg/L, 1 day) enriched gene ontology terms related to PSI in M. aeruginosa cells.
Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Water Res. 2024 Nov 29:271:122885. [Abstract]
Ciprofloxacin (CIP, 3 or 8 μg/L, 21 days) induced continuous cell lysis, with maximum lytic rates of ∼70% compared to the initial cell density.
Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Water Res. 2024 Nov 29:271:122885. [Abstract]
Ciprofloxacin (CIP, 3 or 8 μg/L, 1, 3, 5, or 7 days) induced cell death in M. aeruginosa.
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Water Res
Quantifying community-wide antibiotic usage via urban water fingerprinting: Focus on contrasting resource settings in South Africa. [Abstract]2023 Jul 15:240:120110. PMID: 37247434 -
Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Chem Eng J. 2025 May 1.
The number of surviving bacteria after 24 h of treatment with free Ciprofloxacin monohydrochloride or Ciprofloxacin monohydrochloride-loaded liposomes at 658 a 3 μg/mL of Ciprofloxacin monohydrochloride concentration.
Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Chem Eng J. 2025 May 1.
The CI values for 660 antibacterial efficacy of blank liposomes and Ciprofloxacin monohydrochloride.
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J Exp Med
2026 Mar 2;223(3):e20241287. PMID: 41400657 -
NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes
Echinacoside reduces intracellular c-di-GMP levels and potentiates tobramycin activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm aggregates. [Abstract]2025 Mar 7;11(1):40. PMID: 40055321 -
NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes
Gut microbiota dysbiosis-mediated ceramides elevation contributes to corticosterone-induced depression by impairing mitochondrial function. [Abstract]2024 Oct 28;10(1):111. PMID: 39468065 -
EBioMedicine
A novel inhibitor of monooxygenase reversed the activity of tetracyclines against tet(X3)/tet(X4)-positive bacteria. [Abstract]2022 Apr;78:103943. PMID: 35306337 -
Genome Biol
Caloric restriction remodels the hepatic chromatin landscape and bile acid metabolism by modulating the gut microbiota. [Abstract]2023 Apr 30;24(1):98. PMID: 37122023 -
Food Res Int
Prevalence, plasmid transmission, and chromosomal integration of blaCTX-M genes in Salmonella isolated from retail chicken and pork meats in China. [Abstract]2026 Aug 31:238:119421. PMID: 42215089 -
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Arch Pharm Res
Cell membrane chromatography relative competitive method for the accurate determination of relative KD values of drug-receptor interactions. [Abstract]2025 Jan;48(1):102-114. PMID: 39658753 -
J Med Chem
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Mono- and Diamino-Substituted Squaramide Derivatives as Potent Inhibitors of Mycobacterial Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Synthase. [Abstract]2025 Dec 11;68(23):25274-25289. PMID: 41277442 -
Virulence
Antibacterial efficacy and mechanism of the novel antimicrobial peptide lachnospirin-1 against Acinetobacter baumannii. [Abstract]2026 Dec 31;17(1):2646808. PMID: 41838520 -
Virulence
Bactericidal and anti-quorum sensing activity of repurposing drug Visomitin against Staphylococcus aureus. [Abstract]2024 Dec;15(1):2415952. PMID: 39390774 -
J Agric Food Chem
2025 Dec 23. PMID: 41436099 -
Anal Chim Acta
A natural fluorescent protein for ciprofloxacin sensing and mechanism study using molecular docking and circular dichroism. [Abstract]2022 Aug 15:1221:340082. PMID: 35934392 -
Front Microbiol
Enrofloxacin Promotes Plasmid-Mediated Conjugation Transfer of Fluoroquinolone-Resistance Gene qnrS. [Abstract]2022 Feb 16:12:773664. PMID: 35250901 -
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Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: ACS Appl Polym Mater. 2023 Aug 29.
Representative TEM images of blank micelles (BM) and Ciprofloxacin monohydrochloride-loaded micelles (CM) formulated in 1× PBS at pH 7.4.
Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: ACS Appl Polym Mater. 2023 Aug 29.
Cumulative ciprofloxacin release from Ciprofloxacin monohydrochloride-loaded micelles over 72 h with an inset of the release over the first 12 h at pH 4.4 (red) and pH 7.4 (gray).
Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: ACS Appl Polym Mater. 2023 Aug 29.
Cumulative Ciprofloxacin monohydrochloride release at 12 and 72 h.
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Molecules
2023 Jun 8;28(12):4628. PMID: 37375183 -
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Int J Antimicrob Agents
Activity of TP-6076 against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates collected from inpatients in Greek hospitals. [Abstract]2018 Aug;52(2):269-271. PMID: 29559273 -
PLoS Pathog
Differential contribution of PBP occupancy and efflux on the effectiveness of β-lactams at their target site in clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. [Abstract]2024 Dec 31;20(12):e1012783. PMID: 39739989 -
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
2022 Apr;106(7):2689-2702. PMID: 35338386 -
iScience
Analysis of microbiota reveals the underlying mechanism of PHF11 in the development of Enterococcus-regulated endometriotic cysts. [Abstract]2023 Oct 7;26(11):108158. PMID: 37915596 -
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
Stepwise evolution and clonal enrichment of gepotidacin resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. [Abstract]2026 Apr;70(4):e0170625. PMID: 41810969 -
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
An enoyl-ACP reductase inhibitor, NITD-916, expresses anti- Mycobacterium abscessus activity. [Abstract]2025 Jul 2;69(7):e0024925. PMID: 40407337 -
J Antimicrob Chemother
Harnessing metabolic dependence-driven antibiotic synergy to eradicate tolerant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. [Abstract]2026 Jun 3;81(7):dkag204. PMID: 42267541 -
Microbiol Spectr
Antimicrobial resistance of rapidly growing mycobacteria isolated from companion animals in Taiwan. [Abstract]2025 Jul;13(7):e0307424. PMID: 40387379 -
Microbiol Spectr
Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacter hormaechei Carrying qnrS Gene Isolated from Chicken Feed in China. [Abstract]2022 Jun 29;10(3):e0251821. PMID: 35467399 -
Microbiol Spectr
The Mechanism of Action of Ginkgolic Acid (15:1) against Gram-Positive Bacteria Involves Cross Talk with Iron Homeostasis. [Abstract]2022 Feb 23;10(1):e0099121. PMID: 35019708 -
J Antimicrob Chemother
In vitro activity of the novel β-lactamase inhibitor taniborbactam (VNRX-5133), in combination with cefepime or meropenem, against MDR Gram-negative bacterial isolates from China. [Abstract]2020 Jul 1;75(7):1850-1858. PMID: 32154866 -
Microb Pathog
Bacitracin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus induced in chicken gut and in vitro under bacitracin exposure. [Abstract]2024 Jun:191:106666. PMID: 38685360 -
Appl Biochem Biotechnol
Evaluation of Benzothiazole-Chalcone Hybrids: Apoptosis Induction, Docking Analysis, and Anticancer Potential in Gastric Cancer Cells. [Abstract]2025 Aug 23. PMID: 40848211 -
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Cardiovasc Toxicol
Ciprofloxacin Accelerates Angiotensin-II-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Senescence Through Modulating AMPK/ROS pathway in Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection. [Abstract]2024 Sep;24(9):889-903. PMID: 39138741 -
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Infect Drug Resist
In vitro Activity of the Novel Tetracyclines Derivative, Zifanocycline Against Mycobacterium abscessus. [Abstract]2025 Oct 4:18:5239-5247. PMID: 41069760 -
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis
Evaluation of EUCAST rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (RAST) for carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae with focus on KPC variants. [Abstract]2025 Sep 29. PMID: 41023358 -
Anim Dis
Pasteurella multocida capsular: lipopolysaccharide types D:L6 and A:L3 remain to be the main epidemic genotypes of pigs in China. [Abstract]2021;1(1):26. PMID: 34778886 -
Vet Microbiol
Discovery of the tigecycline resistance gene cluster tmexCD3-toprJ1 in Pasteurella multocida strains isolated from pigs in China. [Abstract]2024 May:292:110046. PMID: 38471428 -
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J Microbiol Methods
Comparison of agar-based and checkerboard methods to assess phage-antimicrobial synergy in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. [Abstract]2026 Feb 25:107441. PMID: 41759663 -
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Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis
2026 Feb;114(2):117181. PMID: 41205476 -
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Chemosphere
Mass-balance-model-based evaluation of sewage treatment plant contribution to residual pharmaceuticals in environmental waters. [Abstract]2019 Jun:225:378-387. PMID: 30884299
Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit
In Vitro:
H2O : 20 mg/mL (51.84 mM; Need ultrasonic)
DMSO : 5 mg/mL (12.96 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Konzentration (Stammlösung) × Volumen (Stammlösung) = Konzentration (Ziellösung) × Volumen (Ziellösung)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 0.5 mg/mL (1.30 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 0.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (5.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 0.5 mg/mL (1.30 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 0.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (5.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
Protokoll
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Research Protocol for Infectious Diseases
Infectious-disease experiments test how pathogens interact with host barriers, innate immune receptors, inflammatory signaling, pathogen replication, and tissue injury; pattern-recognition receptors such as TLRs, RIG-I-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, and inflammasomes detect microbial molecules and activate NF-κB, interferon, and cytokine responses. The central hypothesis is that infection severity reflects the balance between pathogen burden and host response: protective inflammation restricts pathogen growth, whereas excessive or mislocalized inflammation contributes to tissue damage and disease phenotype. Unresolved questions include which host pathways are protective versus pathogenic, why some infection models fail to translate to human disease, and which combined readouts best predict clinically relevant infection outcomes.
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Neurotoxicity Study
This protocol assesses in vitro neurotoxicity by combining neuronal viability, mitochondrial/metabolic activity, neurite outgrowth, and optional neuronal network function readouts. Calcein-AM or resazurin/PrestoBlue readouts estimate viable or metabolically active cells; βIII-tubulin immunofluorescence detects neuronal morphology and neurite networks; TMRE detects mitochondrial membrane potential; and MEA recordings detect functional changes in neuronal network activity.
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ROS/oxidative-stress fluorescent staining
ROS/oxidative-stress fluorescent staining uses cell-permeant fluorogenic probes that become fluorescent after oxidation inside cells or tissues; commonly used examples include DCFH-DA/DCFDA for broad cellular oxidant detection, DHE for superoxide-related signal detection, MitoSOX for mitochondrial superoxide-related signal detection, and CellROX probes for oxidative-stress-associated fluorescence readouts. The assay detects probe oxidation rather than a single ROS species unless the probe and analysis method have been chemically validated for that species. DCFH-DA enters cells, is deacetylated by intracellular esterases to DCFH, and produces fluorescent DCF after oxidation, so the readout is used as an operational measure of total cellular oxidative stress rather than a species-specific ROS measurement. DHE and MitoSOX can report superoxide-related oxidation, but red fluorescence alone can include non-specific ethidium-like oxidation products; HPLC or optimized spectral approaches are
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Cell Viability Determination by MTT Colorimetric Assay
The following protocol uses the MTT colorimetric assay as a classic literature-established method for assessing cell viability/metabolic activity in cultured mammalian cells. MTT[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] is reduced by metabolically active cells to a colored formazan product; the amount of formazan is quantified spectrophotometrically and provides an indirect measure of metabolically active viable cells. Importantly, MTT reduction reflects cellular oxidoreductase/metabolic activity rather than an absolute direct count of living cells, so changes in cellular metabolism can alter the signal independently of cell number.
Reinheit & Dokumentation
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Data Sheet (284 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
Verweise
[1]. Kiratipaiboon C, et al. Ciprofloxacin Improves the Stemness of Human Dermal Papilla Cells. Stem Cells Int. 2016;2016:5831276. [Content Brief]
[3]. Kamocki K, et al. Effects of ciprofloxacin-containing antimicrobial scaffolds on dental pulp stem cell viability-In vitro studies. Arch Oral Biol. 2015;60(8):1131-1137. [Content Brief]
[4]. Ilgin S, et al. Ciprofloxacin-induced neurotoxicity: evaluation of possible underlying mechanisms. Toxicol Mech Methods. 2015;25(5):374-381. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO / H2O | 1 mM | 2.5919 mL | 12.9594 mL | 25.9188 mL | 64.7971 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5184 mL | 2.5919 mL | 5.1838 mL | 12.9594 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2592 mL | 1.2959 mL | 2.5919 mL | 6.4797 mL | |
| H2O | 15 mM | 0.1728 mL | 0.8640 mL | 1.7279 mL | 4.3198 mL |
| 20 mM | 0.1296 mL | 0.6480 mL | 1.2959 mL | 3.2399 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1037 mL | 0.5184 mL | 1.0368 mL | 2.5919 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0864 mL | 0.4320 mL | 0.8640 mL | 2.1599 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0648 mL | 0.3240 mL | 0.6480 mL | 1.6199 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0518 mL | 0.2592 mL | 0.5184 mL | 1.2959 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
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