Neopterin
Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Neopterin is an immune system activator metabolized by GTP and can be produced by activated macrophages. Neopterin has the potential to resist vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. Neopterin inhibits the phosphorylation of NF-κB and promotes the expression of PPAR-γ, thereby suppressing the inflammatory response of vascular endothelial cells, reducing the formation of macrophage foam cells, and regulating the migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Neopterin can be used in research fields such as cardiovascular diseases (such as atherosclerosis), inflammation-related diseases and tumor immunomonitoring.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.95%
- CAS No.: 2009-64-5
- Formula: C9H11N5O4
- Molecular Weight:253.21
-
Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
-
Biological Activity
-
Chemical Information
-
Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
-
Help & FAQs
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Neopterin
More
Biological Activity
|
Human Endogenous Metabolite |
Neopterin (200 nM; 4-48 h) inhibits cell proliferation, reduces the mRNA and protein expression of inflammatory factors such as MCP-1, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 induced by TNF-α, and reduces monocyte adhesion in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)[1].
Neopterin (200 nM; 7 d+19 h) inhibits oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced foam cell formation in human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDMs), downregulates CD36 expression, upregulates ABCA1, ABCG1, and LXR-α protein levels, and promotes cholesterol efflux[1].
Neopterin (200 nM; 24-48 h) inhibits angiotensin II-induced cell migration and proliferation, downregulates the c-Src/Raf-1/ERK1/2 signaling pathway, and upregulates the expression of fibronectin, MMP-2, and TIMP-2 proteins in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs)[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
-
Cell Line:Human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs), human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs)
-
Concentration:5-200 nM
-
Incubation Time:48 h
-
Result:Significantly suppressed proliferation in HAECs and HUVECs in a concentration-dependent manner, with maximal inhibition at 200 nM.
Reduced cell viability, with the most pronounced effect at 200 nM in HASMCs.
Neopterin (0.4-4.0 mg/kg; iv; single dose, tested for 21 days) causes a decrease in the number of bone marrow erythroid progenitors (BFU-E, CFU-E) and an increase in the number of myeloid progenitors (CFU-GM) in young mice in the aging-associated stromal cell damage model of male senescence-accelerated mice, while the number of erythroid progenitors decreases in aged mice, but serum erythropoietin (Epo) concentrations did not decrease.[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
-
Animal Model:Male C57BL/6 Apoe- mice (27-29 g, 17-21 weeks old) with diet-induced atherosclerosis[1]
-
Dosage:1.2 μmol/kg
-
Administration:Intraperitoneal injection daily for 4 weeks
-
Result:Aortic atherosclerotic lesion area and cross-sectional plaque size at the aortic root were reduced by 35% and 17%, respectively, compared to vehicle-treated controls.
Immunohistochemistry showed decreased infiltration of monocyte/macrophages (MOMA-2+ cells) and CD8+ T cells in atheromatous plaques.
Vascular smooth muscle cell (α-SMA+) content and expression of pro-inflammatory markers MCP-1 and PTX-3 in plaques were significantly lower in neopterin-treated mice.
Plasma PTX-3 levels, a marker of plaque instability, were reduced by 30% compared to controls.
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
-
CAS No. 2009-64-5
-
Appearance Solid
-
Molecular Weight 253.21
-
Formula C9H11N5O4
-
Color White to off-white
-
SMILES
OC1=C2C(N=CC([C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO)=N2)=NC(N)=N1
-
Synonyms
D-(+)-Neopterin; D-erythro-Neopterin
-
Structure Classification
-
Initial Source
-
Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
-
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year
Publications (1)
-
Journal Impact Factor
-
Most Recent
-
Chem Biol Interact
2026 Mar 25:427:111929. PMID: 41548734
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 4.17 mg/mL (16.47 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Purity & Documentation
-
Data Sheet (279 KB)
-
SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
-
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Shirai R, et al. Neopterin Counters Vascular Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018 Feb 2;7(3):e007359. [Content Brief]
[2]. Aisaki K, et al. Neopterin, inflammation-associated product, prolongs erythropoiesis suppression in aged SAMP1 mice due to senescent stromal-cell impairment. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2012 Mar;237(3):279-86. [Content Brief]
[3]. Fuchs D, et al. The role of neopterin as a monitor of cellular immune activation in transplantation, inflammatory, infectious, and malignant diseases. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 1992;29(3-4):307-41. [Content Brief]
[4]. Sucher R, et al. Neopterin, a prognostic marker in human malignancies. Cancer Lett. 2010 Jan 1;287(1):13-22. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 3.9493 mL | 19.7465 mL | 39.4929 mL | 98.7323 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.7899 mL | 3.9493 mL | 7.8986 mL | 19.7465 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3949 mL | 1.9746 mL | 3.9493 mL | 9.8732 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2633 mL | 1.3164 mL | 2.6329 mL | 6.5822 mL |
Neopterin Related Classifications
HY-W040055 Related Classifications
Powered by Bioz