Chymotrypsin  (Synonyms: EC 3.4.21.1; Chymotrypsin A)

Chymotrypsin (EC 3.4.21.1; Chymotrypsin A) is an orally effective inhibitor targeting molecules such as TLR4, NF-κB, MMP-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Chymotrypsin downregulates the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors, reducing cell infiltration and tissue damage. It also reduces the expression of tumor cell adhesion molecules (such as CD44 and CD54) and can be specifically detected by fluorescent probes (such as NBD-3). Chymotrypsin has anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, joint damage-reducing, liver protection against lipotoxicity, and anti-tumor metastasis functions. It can be used in research on diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and melanoma metastasis. Chymotrypsin can be used in studies of inflammation, edema, and expectoration^{[1][2][3][4][5]}.

Chymotrypsin mixed with Trypsin (HY-129047) and Papain (HY-P1645) was used as a treatment group in in vitro studies (with a Chymotrypsin content of 0.2 mg/0.1 mL), causing a decrease in CD44 expression in SMMU-2, SK-MEL 28, B16F10 melanoma cells, MOLT 4/8 leukemia cells, and breast cancer cells^[3].
Chymotrypsin selectively reduces the density of CD4, CD44, and CD80 molecules in peripheral lymphocytes^[3].
Chymotrypsin can be detected by the probe NBD-3 (2 mM), with a detection concentration of 0-6 g/mL and a reaction time of 20 minutes, producing red fluorescence at 634 nm under an excitation wavelength of 550 nm, with a detection limit of 15. ng/mL. Furthermore, its activity can be inhibited by the inhibitor phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF)^[4];

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chymotrypsin (0.53 mg/kg, 1.06 mg/kg; injected into the plantar surface of the left hind paw) reduces joint damage, inhibited paw swelling and arthritis scores, and reduces pathological changes such as synovial hyperplasia and inflammatory cell infiltration in a Sprague-Dawley rat adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) model. Chymotrypsin also downregulates the protein and mRNA expression of MMP-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 in serum and TLR4, NF-κB in synovial tissue^[1].
Chymotrypsin (in combination with trypsin, 3 EAU/kg; oral gavage; once daily; 5 weeks) protectes the liver from damage in an olanzapine-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) model in young adult male albino rats, significantly reducing olanzapine-induced elevated ALT, AST, ALP, total cholesterol, and LDL-C, reducing steatosis scores and hepatocyte necrosis, increasing Ki67 expression, and not affecting the memory function of the rats^[2].
Chymotrypsin (mixed with trypsin and papain, 0.2 mg/0.1 mL mixture; rectal administration; twice daily; 100 days) inhibits primary tumor growth, reduces tumor recurrence and metastasis (including lung and distant metastasis), prolongs mouse survival time, and reduced the expression of CD44 and CD54 molecules in tumor cells in a B16 melanoma metastasis model in female inbred C57Bl6 mice^[3].
The NBD-3 probe detects endogenous chymotrypsin in mouse liver^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

9004-07-3

Solid

White to off-white

[Chymotrypsin]

3.4.21.1

≥1000 U/mg soild

One unit is defined as the amount of enzyme that causes a decrease in the absorbance at 237 nm of 0.001 in per minute at 25°C, pH 7.0.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.

• [1]. Li J, et al. Chymotrypsin attenuates adjuvant-induced arthritis by downregulating TLR4, NF-κB, MMP-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 expression in Sprague-Dawley rats. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2022 Dec;44(6):959-969.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Mahmoud GS, et al. Hepatoprotective effect of trypsin/chymotrypsin against olanzapine-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2021 Oct;99(10):1088-1096.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Wald M, et al. Mixture of trypsin, chymotrypsin and papain reduces formation of metastases and extends survival time of C57Bl6 mice with syngeneic melanoma B16. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2001 Jul;47 Suppl:S16-22.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Jancsó Z, et al. Chymotrypsin Reduces the Severity of Secretagogue-Induced Pancreatitis in Mice. Gastroenterology. 2018 Oct;155(4):1017-1021.  [Content Brief]

  [5]. Qu Y, et al. Strong red fluorescent probe for detecting chymotrypsin activity in vivo and in vitro[J]. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2023, 382: 133552.