GAL - galanin and GMAP prepropeptide Gene

Also Known as ETL8; GALN; GLNN; GMAP; GAL-GMAP

Species: Homo sapiens

Gene Type: protein coding
Gene ID: 51083

About GAL

Cytogenetic location: 11q13.2 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 11:68,684,544-68,691,175 (from NCBI)

This gene has 2 transcripts (splice variants), 187 orthologues and is associated with 1 phenotype. Biased expression in appendix (RPKM 6.0), colon (RPKM 2.3) and 5 other tissues.

Summary

This gene encodes a neuroendocrine peptide that is widely expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems and also the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, adrenal gland and urogenital tract. The encoded protein is a precursor that is proteolytically processed to generate two mature peptides: Galanin and Galanin message-associated peptide (GMAP). Galanin has diverse physiological functions including nociception, feeding and energy homeostasis, osmotic regulation and water balance. GMAP has been demonstrated to possess Antifungal activity and hypothesized to be part of the innate immune system. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2015]

GAL Products (1)

mRNA Protein Name
NM_015973.5 NP_057057.2 galanin peptides preproprotein
Molecular Function GO Annotation Evidence References Source
enables galanin receptor activity IMP
IMP: Inferred from mutant phenotype
25691535 GOA
enables neuropeptide hormone activity IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
24517231 GOA
enables protein binding IPI
IPI: Inferred from physical interaction
23597562 GOA
enables type 1 galanin receptor binding IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
24517231 GOA
enables type 2 galanin receptor binding IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
24517231 GOA
enables type 3 galanin receptor binding IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
24517231 GOA
Biological Process GO Annotation Evidence References Source
involved in cAMP-mediated signaling IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
17982695 GOA
involved in positive regulation of cortisol secretion IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
17982695 GOA
involved in positive regulation of large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
24602615 GOA
involved in positive regulation of timing of catagen IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
22329353 GOA
involved in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
24517231 GOA
involved in protein kinase A signaling IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
17982695 GOA
Cellular Component GO Annotation Evidence References Source
located in extracellular space IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
9402244 GOA
located in neuronal cell body IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
23415787 GOA
EXP: Inferred from Experiment IDA: Inferred from direct assay IPI: Inferred from physical interaction IMP: Inferred from mutant phenotype IGI: Inferred from genetic interaction IEP: Inferred from expression pattern

GAL Protein Structure

Galanin

Galanin: Galanin (33 - 61)

GMAP

GMAP: Galanin message associated peptide (GMAP) (62 - 123)

  • 0
  • 100
  • 123 a.a.
Protein Preferred Names Protein Names

galanin peptides

  • galanin prepropeptide

GAL Protein-protein interaction Information

Type
Protein Name Protein ID Interactor Interactor Species Interactor ID Detection Method References
Intra
GAL P22466 ASPH Homo sapiens Q12797-6 32296183
Intra
GAL P22466 SGTA Homo sapiens O43765 32296183
Intra
GAL P22466 SGTA Homo sapiens O43765 32296183
Intra
GAL P22466 SGTA Homo sapiens O43765 25416956
Intra
GAL P22466 UBQLN1 Homo sapiens Q9UMX0 32296183
Intra
GAL P22466 UBQLN1 Homo sapiens Q9UMX0 32296183
Intra
GAL P22466 UBQLN1 Homo sapiens Q9UMX0 32296183
Intra
GAL P22466 UBQLN2 Homo sapiens Q9UHD9 32296183
Intra
GAL P22466 UBQLN2 Homo sapiens Q9UHD9 32296183
Intra
GAL P22466 UBQLN2 Homo sapiens Q9UHD9 32296183
Cross: Cross-species interaction Intra: Intraspecies interaction

Recombinant GAL Proteins

Cat. No. Product Name Accession Purity
HY-P74132 Galanin Protein, Human (HEK293, Fc) P22466 (A20-S123) ≥ 95%, as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.
HY-P700564 Galanin Protein, Human (N-His, C-Myc) P22466 (G44-S123) ≥ 90%, as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

GAL Antibodies

Cat. No. Product Name Application Reactivity
HY-P89540 Galanin Antibody (YA8884) WB, ICC/IF, IF-Tissue, IHC-P, IP, ELISA human

Related Diseases

Diseases Alias
Epilepsy, Familial Temporal Lobe, 8
  • ETL8

  • Familial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy 8

  • Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe, Familial, Type 8

Acute Endometritis
Hyperprolactinemia
  • Chiari-Frommel Syndrome

  • Hyperprolactinaemia

  • Familial Hyperprolactinemia

  • HPRL

  • Pregnancy-Related A-G Syndrome

  • Familial Isolated Prolactin Receptor Deficiency

Acromegaly
  • Gigantism

  • Growth Hormone Excess

  • Pituitary Giant

  • Somatotroph Adenoma

  • Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma

Anorexia Nervosa
  • Anorexia Nervosa, Susceptibility To

  • ANON

  • Anorexia Nervosa, Susceptibility To, 1

  • An

  • Anorexia Nervosa 1

  • An - [Anorexia Nervosa]

Status Epilepticus
  • Grand Mal Status Epilepticus

  • Grand Mal Status

  • Gcse

  • Generalized Convulsive Status Epilepticus

  • Se

  • Epilepsy With Status Epilepticus

Paine Syndrome
  • Pain Disorder

  • Pain

  • Microcephaly With Spastic Diplegia

  • Pain Syndrome

Epilepsy
  • Epilepsy Syndrome

  • Epileptic Syndrome

  • Epilepsies

  • Symptomatic Epilepsies

  • Post Traumatic Epilepsy

  • Traumatic Epilepsy

  • Traumatic Epileptic

  • Epilepsy Due To Hippocampal Sclerosis

  • Epilepsy With Ammon'S Horn Sclerosis

  • Epilepsy Due To Cortical Dysplasia

  • Epilepsy Due To Neuronal Migration Disorders

Insulinoma
  • Islet Cell Adenoma

  • Insulin-Producing Tumor Of Islet Cells

  • Adenoma Islet Cell

  • Islet Cell Tumor

  • Experimental Organism Islet Cell Adenoma Neoplasm

Anxiety
  • Anxiety Disorder

  • Anxiety Disorders

  • Anxiety State

  • Anxieties

  • Anxiety Neurosis

Autonomic Peripheral Neuropathy
  • Peripheral Autonomic Nervous System Diseases

Von Economo'S Disease
  • Encephalitis Lethargica

  • Von Economo Encephalitis

  • Von Economo Disease

Cholera
  • Vibrio Cholerae Infection

  • Cholera - Vibrio Cholerae

  • Cholera Due To Vibrio Cholerae

  • Vibrio Cholerae

  • Cholera Syndrome

  • Asiatic Cholera

  • Epidemic Cholera

Paraganglioma
  • Chemodectoma

  • Glomus Body Tumor

  • Paragangliomas

  • Carotid Body Paraganglioma

  • Extra-Adrenal Paraganglioma

Hyperthyroidism
  • Overactive Thyroid

Constipation
Hypoglycemia
  • Hypoglycaemia

  • Low Blood Sugar

  • Hypoglycaemia Nos

  • Spontaneous Hypoglycaemia

  • Nondiabetic Hypoglycaemia

  • Hypoglycaemic Disorder Nos

  • Hypoglycaemic Syndrome

Esophageal Atresia
  • Tracheoesophageal Fistula

  • Congenital Atresia Of Esophagus

  • Congenital Imperforate Esophagus

  • Imperforate Esophagus

  • Oesophageal Atresia

  • Te Fistula

  • Tef

  • Tracheoesophageal Fistula With Or Without Esophageal Atresia

Panic Disorder
  • Panic Anxiety Syndrome

  • Panic

  • Panic Disorder 1

  • Episodic Paroxysmal Anxiety Disorder

Gastroenteritis
  • Cholera Morbus

  • Infectious Colitis, Enteritis And Gastroenteritis

  • Enteritis Due To Astrovirus

  • Rotaviral Gastroenteritis

  • Viral Gastroenteritis Due To Rotavirus

Alcohol Use Disorder
  • Alcohol Abuse

  • Alcoholism

  • Ethanol Abuse

  • Alcohol Addiction

  • Alcohol Dependence

  • Alcoholic Intoxication, Chronic

  • Alcohol-Related Disorders

Brachial Plexus Lesion
  • Brachial Plexus Injuries

  • Brachial Plexus Lesions

Trophoblastic Neoplasm
  • Trophoblastic Tumor

  • Trophoblastic Neoplasms

Mononeuropathy
  • Mononeuropathies

Eating Disorder
  • Eating Disorders

  • Feeding And Eating Disorders

Complex Partial Epilepsy
  • Epilepsy, Complex Partial

  • Complex Partial Epileptic Seizure

  • Epilepsy, Psychomotor

  • Psychomotor Epilepsy

Mood Disorder
  • Mood Disorders

  • Episodic Mood Disorder

Alzheimer Disease, Familial, 1
  • Alzheimer Disease

  • Alzheimer'S Disease

  • Presenile And Senile Dementia

  • AD1

  • Alzheimer Disease, Susceptibility To

  • Alzheimer Disease, Late-Onset, Susceptibility To

  • Alzheimer Disease 1, Familial

  • AD

  • Familial Alzheimer Disease

  • Alzheimer Disease, Late-Onset

  • Alzheimers Dementia

  • Alzheimer Dementia

  • Alzheimer Sclerosis

  • Alzheimer Syndrome

  • Alzheimer-Type Dementia

  • Dat

  • Primary Senile Degenerative Dementia

  • Sdat

  • Alzheimer Disease 1

  • Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer Disease

  • Early-Onset Alzheimer Disease With Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy

  • Late Onset Alzheimer Disease

  • Alzheimers Disease

  • Alzheimer Disease, Early-Onset, With Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy

  • Late-Onset Alzheimers Disease

  • Alzheimer'S Disease Pathway Kegg

  • Dementia Due To Alzheimer'S Disease

  • Alzheimer Disease Type 1

  • Alzheimers

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
  • Insulin Resistance

  • NIDDM

  • Type 2 Diabetes

  • Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent

  • T2D

  • Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type Ii

  • Maturity-Onset Diabetes

  • Insulin Resistance, Severe, Digenic

  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

  • Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin-Dependent

  • Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin-Dependent, Association With

  • Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin-Dependent, Late Onset

  • Hypertension, Insulin Resistance-Related, Susceptibility To

  • Insulin Resistance, Susceptibility To

  • Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

  • Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus

  • Adult-Onset Diabetes Mellitus

  • Maturity-Onset Diabetes Mellitus

  • Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

  • Type Ii Diabetes

  • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Susceptibility To

  • Diabetes, Type 2

  • Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin-Dependent, Susceptibility To

  • Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility To

  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Susceptibility To

  • Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin-Dependent, 2

  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type Ii, Susceptibility To

  • Hypertension, Insulin Resistance-Related

  • Adult-Onset Diabetes

  • Aodm

  • Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset

  • Diabetes Mellitus Type Ii

  • Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Susceptibility To

  • Diabetes, Type Ii, Susceptibility To

  • Diabetes Type 2

  • Diabetes Mellitus

  • Adult Onset Diabetes

  • Maturity Onset Diabetes

  • Nonketotic Diabetes

  • Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

  • T2dm - [Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus]

  • Niddm - [Non Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus]

  • Dm2

  • Dm Type Ii

  • Diabetic Type 2

  • Insulin Requiring Type 2 Diabetes

  • Noninsulin Dependent Diabetes

  • Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Without Complications

  • Diabetes Due To Insulin Secretory Defect

  • Diabetes Mellitus Due To Insulin Secretory Defect

  • Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Of The Young

  • Senile Diabetes

  • Nonketotic Hyperglycaemia

  • Stable Diabetes

Major Depressive Disorder
  • Seasonal Affective Disorder

  • Unipolar Depression

  • Depression

  • MDD

  • Depressive Disorder

  • Unipolar Depression, Susceptibility To

  • Major Depressive Disorder 1

  • Major Depressive Disorder, Response To Citalopram Therapy In

  • Major Depressive Disorder 2

  • Winter Depression

  • Single Major Depressive Episode

  • Sad

  • Clinical Depression

  • Major Depression

  • Depressive Syndrome

  • Major Depressive Disorder And Accelerated Response To Antidepressant Drug Treatment

  • Seasonal Affective Disorder, Susceptibility To

  • Recurrent Major Depression

  • Affective Disorder, Seasonal

  • Depression In A Seasonal Pattern

  • Depression

  • Seasonal

  • Major Depressive Disorder With A Seasonal Pattern

  • Seasonal Depression

  • Seasonal Mood Disorder

  • Mental Depression

  • Recurrent Major Depressive Episodes

Autism Spectrum Disorder
  • Asd

  • Autism Spectrum Disorders

  • Autistic Continuum

  • Pervasive Developmental Disorder

  • Pervasive Development Disorder

  • Autistic Behavior

  • Autistic Disorder

  • Autistic

  • Autistic Disorder Of Childhood Onset

  • Infantile Autism

  • Childhood Autism

  • Kanner Syndrome

  • Pervasive Developmental Delay Nos

  • Pervasive Developmental Disorder, Not Otherwise Specified

Body Mass Index Quantitative Trait Locus 11
  • OBESITY

  • Obesity, Susceptibility To

  • Leanness, Inherited

  • Obesity, Susceptibility To, Bmiq11

  • Obesity, Mild, Early-Onset

  • Obesity, Association With

  • Obesity, Early-Onset, Susceptibility To

  • Obesity, Severe

  • Obesity, Severe, And Type Ii Diabetes

  • Obesity, Late-Onset

  • Obesity , Susceptibility To

  • BMIQ11

  • Obesity Bmiq11

  • Obesity, Early-Onset

  • Simple Obesity Nos

  • Excess Fat

  • Obesity, Not Elsewhere Classified, Body Mass Index Not Elsewhere Classified

  • Adiposis

Alcohol Dependence
  • Alcoholism

  • Alcohol Dependence, Susceptibility To

  • Alcohol Dependence, Protection Against

  • Aerodigestive Tract Cancer, Squamous Cell, Alcohol-Related, Protection Against

  • Alcoholism, Susceptibility To

  • Alcoholic Intoxication, Chronic

  • Pharyngeal Neoplasms

  • Chronic Alcoholism

  • Dipsomania

  • Alcohol Addiction

  • Ethanol Dependence

  • Chronic Ethanolism

  • Chronic Alcoholic Disease Nos

  • Alcoholic Disease Nos

  • Alcoholic

Diabetes Mellitus
  • Diabetes

Autism
  • Autistic Disorder

  • Autism Susceptibility 1

  • Childhood Autism

  • Autistic Disorder Of Childhood Onset

  • Infantile Autism

  • Kanner'S Syndrome

  • Autistic

Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome
  • Cchs

  • Haddad Syndrome

  • Ondine Curse

  • Ondine Syndrome

  • Congenital Central Hypoventilation

  • Congenital Central Alveolar Hypoventilation Syndrome

  • Congenital Failure Of Autonomic Control

  • Ondine'S Curse

  • Primary Alveolar Hypoventilation

  • Ondine-Hirschsprung Disease

  • Central Congenital Hypoventilation Syndrome

  • Congenital Ondine Curse

  • Idiopathic Congenital Central Alveolar Hypoventilation

  • Congenital Central Alveolar Hypoventilation-Hirschsprung Disease Syndrome

  • Ondine-Hirschsprung Syndrome

Hirschsprung Disease 1
  • Hirschsprung Disease

  • Aganglionic Megacolon

  • Hscr

  • Hirschsprung'S Disease

  • Congenital Megacolon

  • Congenital Intestinal Aganglionosis

  • Colonic Aganglionosis

  • Hirschsprung Disease, Susceptibility To, 1

  • Hirschsprung Disease, Protection Against

  • HSCR1

  • Mgc

  • Pelvirectal Achalasia

  • Total Intestinal Aganglionosis

  • Megacolon, Aganglionic

  • Macrocolon

  • Hscr 1

  • Hirschsprung Disease Type 1

  • Hirschsprung Disease, Type 1

  • Congenital Dilatation Of Colon

  • Aganglionosis

  • Congenital Aganglionic Megacolon

  • Aganglionosis Of Colon

  • Bowel Aganglionosis

  • Colon Aganglionosis

  • Hirschsprung Megacolon

Diseases Alias
Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia

Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia

Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia

Macroglobulinemia Of Waldenstrom

Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma With Igm Gammopathy

Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma

Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia

Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia

Macroglobulinemia Of Waldenstrom

Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma With Igm Gammopathy

Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma

Orthologs Information

Species Symbol Source ID
Mus musculus GAL MGD MGI:95637
Rattus norvegicus GAL RGD RGD:61954
Bos taurus GAL VGNC VGNC:29212
Macaca mulatta GAL VGNC VGNC:72866
Felis catus GAL VGNC VGNC:62435
Canis familiaris GAL VGNC VGNC:41075
Others GAL NCBI