PARP-1-IN-2
Based on 1 Customer Validation
PARP-1-IN-2 (compound 11g) is a potent PARP1 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 149 nM, and ADME prediction indicates it has high blood-brain barrier permeability. PARP1-IN-2 shows significantly potent anti-proliferative activity against Human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line A549. PARP1-IN-2 can induce A549 cells apoptosis.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity : 99.48%
- CAS No.: 684234-55-7
- Formula: C22H15Cl2N3O2
- Molecular Weight:424.28
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Storage:
4°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Biological Activity
Description
IC50 & Target
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PARP-1 149 ± 11.0 nM (IC50) |
Caspase-3 |
Caspase-9 |
In Vitro
PARP-1-IN-2 (compound 11g) (0-10 μM, 24-48 h) shows significantly potent anti-proliferative activity against A549 cells[1].
PARP-1-IN-2 (0-10 μM, 24 h) decreases the expression of pro-caspase-3 and phosphorylated AKT, increases the expression of caspase-3, caspase-9 protein and the cleaved PARP-1[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
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Cell Line:A549, HFF cells[1]
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Concentration:0, 0.1, 1, 10 μM
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Incubation Time:24, 48 h
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Result:Showed significantly potent anti-proliferative activity against A549 cells, and didn’t display any significant cytotoxicity on HFF cells.
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Cell Line:A549 cells[1]
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Concentration:0, 0.1, 1, 10 μM
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Incubation Time:24 h
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Result:Reduced expression of pro-caspase-3 and phosphorylated AKT, significantly increased the expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9 protein, and enhanced expression of the cleaved PARP-1.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 684234-55-7
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 424.28
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Formula C22H15Cl2N3O2
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=C(NC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1)CN(N=C(C2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2)C3=C4C=CC=C3)C4=O
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro:
DMSO : 83.33 mg/mL (196.40 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: 2.08 mg/mL (4.90 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.08 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL. * In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protocols
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Apoptosis
Apoptosis, also called programmed cell death, is generally characterized by distinct morphological characteristics.
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TUNEL staining for apoptotic DNA fragmentation
TUNEL staining detects DNA strand breaks by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase to add labeled nucleotides to exposed 3′-OH DNA termini, generating either microscopic staining in fixed cells or tissue sections, or fluorescence/cytometric signal in cell suspensions. TUNEL positivity reflects DNA fragmentation but should not be interpreted alone as definitive apoptosis, because TUNEL can also label necrotic, autolytic, mechanically damaged, or DNA-repair-associated DNA breaks.
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Cell Cytotoxicity Assay
Cytotoxicity assays are usually based on the assessment of cell membrane damage, which can also be indirectly detected by measuring cell viability. Detection methods include MTT assay, CKK-8 assay, LDH assay and ATP assay, etc.
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Annexin V plus membrane-impermeant dye apoptosis staining
Annexin V-based apoptosis assays rely on the detection of phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization from the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane to the outer leaflet, an early biochemical hallmark of apoptosis. Fluorescently labeled Annexin V binds PS in a calcium-dependent manner, enabling identification of early apoptotic cells by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy. When combined with a membrane-impermeant DNA-binding dye (e. g. , propidium iodide), this approach allows discrimination between viable (Annexin V−/dye−), early apoptotic (Annexin V+/dye−), and late apoptotic or necrotic (Annexin V+/dye+) cell populations by assessing membrane integrity and PS exposure.
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Protocol for Pharmacokinetic Study
Pharmacokinetic studies quantify how an organism handles a drug over time through absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, and the core experimental readout is the concentration-time profile of parent drug and, when relevant, metabolites in biological matrices such as plasma, whole blood, urine, bile, or tissue. Pharmacokinetic analysis links dose, route, exposure, clearance, half-life, distribution, bioavailability, and systemic exposure to drug efficacy and toxicity hypotheses rather than measuring a signaling pathway directly. The literature links pharmacokinetics to drug-development phenotypes by showing that drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics influence compound progression, exposure-response interpretation, safety margins, dosing strategy, and failure risk during discovery and development. DMPK science contributes to compound optimization by integrating physicochemical properties, in vitro metabolism, transporter behavior, in vivo exposure, and pharmacodynamic contex
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Transepithelial/transendothelial electrical resistance assay
TEER measures electrical resistance across epithelial or endothelial monolayers cultured on permeable supports, and the readout reflects ionic conductance through the cell barrier, especially the paracellular pathway regulated by junctional integrity. TEER can be measured without destroying the monolayer and is commonly used before or during transport, permeability, barrier-disruption, and barrier-maturation experiments. TEER values are influenced by biological maturation and technical conditions; reported factors include temperature, medium formulation, passage number, electrode geometry, membrane properties, and junctional length during early monolayer maturation. Therefore, TEER should be interpreted with blank-insert subtraction, area normalization, repeated readings, and, when possible, orthogonal barrier readouts such as FITC-dextran flux or tight-junction staining.
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Apoptosis Solutions
Apoptosis is a regulated, generally non-lytic cell-death pathway that removes unwanted, damaged, infected, or abnormal cells through coordinated morphological changes, caspase activation, DNA fragmentation, and membrane remodeling. The intrinsic apoptosis pathway is controlled mainly by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, BCL-2 family proteins, cytochrome c release, apoptosome formation, caspase-9 activation, and downstream executioner caspase-3/7 activation. The extrinsic apoptosis pathway is initiated by death receptors such as Fas, TNFR, and TRAIL receptors, which recruit adaptor proteins and activate caspase-8 before engaging executioner caspases or mitochondrial amplification through BID cleavage. Apoptosis is linked to many phenotypes, including cancer cell killing, tissue homeostasis, immune regulation, neurodegeneration, infection response, and treatment-induced cytotoxicity; unresolved questions include how apoptosis interacts with necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptos
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Cell Viability Determination by MTT Colorimetric Assay
The following protocol uses the MTT colorimetric assay as a classic literature-established method for assessing cell viability/metabolic activity in cultured mammalian cells. MTT[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] is reduced by metabolically active cells to a colored formazan product; the amount of formazan is quantified spectrophotometrically and provides an indirect measure of metabolically active viable cells. Importantly, MTT reduction reflects cellular oxidoreductase/metabolic activity rather than an absolute direct count of living cells, so changes in cellular metabolism can alter the signal independently of cell number.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (275 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
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| DMSO | 1 mM | 2.3569 mL | 11.7847 mL | 23.5693 mL | 58.9234 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4714 mL | 2.3569 mL | 4.7139 mL | 11.7847 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2357 mL | 1.1785 mL | 2.3569 mL | 5.8923 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1571 mL | 0.7856 mL | 1.5713 mL | 3.9282 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1178 mL | 0.5892 mL | 1.1785 mL | 2.9462 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0943 mL | 0.4714 mL | 0.9428 mL | 2.3569 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0786 mL | 0.3928 mL | 0.7856 mL | 1.9641 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0589 mL | 0.2946 mL | 0.5892 mL | 1.4731 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0471 mL | 0.2357 mL | 0.4714 mL | 1.1785 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0393 mL | 0.1964 mL | 0.3928 mL | 0.9821 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0295 mL | 0.1473 mL | 0.2946 mL | 0.7365 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0236 mL | 0.1178 mL | 0.2357 mL | 0.5892 mL |
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