2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease Apoptosis Immunology/Inflammation NF-κB
  3. Herbicide Caspase Cytochrome P450 MDM-2/p53 Interleukin Related Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis
  4. Pretilachlor

Pretilachlor is a chloroacetamide herbicide with biological activities including endocrine disruption, oxidative stress induction, apoptosis induction, and immunotoxicity. Pretilachlor exerts its effects by interfering with hormone metabolism, inducing oxidative stress, activating apoptotic pathways, and inhibiting immune functions. Pretilachlor upregulates the transcription of P53, Mdm2, and Bbc3, and increases the activities of Caspase3 and Caspase9; it upregulates the transcription of genes in the HPG/HPT axis and the activity of aromatase; it induces oxidative stress, elevates ROS levels, and upregulates CAT, SOD, and GPX. Pretilachlor downregulates the transcription of CXCL-C1C, IL-1β, and IL-8. Pretilachlor disrupts the normal physiological processes and embryonic development of fish, exhibiting significant toxicity. Pretilachlor can be used in studies related to weeding, environmental pollution, and behavioral toxicity in fish.

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Pretilachlor

Pretilachlor Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 51218-49-6

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Liquid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
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Other Forms of Pretilachlor:

Pretilachlor Related Antibodies

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CYP1 CYP2 CYP3 CYP4 CYP11 CYP17 Aromatase/CYP19A1 CYP26 CYP51 CYP1A2 CYP2D6 CYP2C9 CYP2C19 CYP3A CYP3A4 CYP17A1

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IL-1 IL-2 IL-3 IL-4 IL-5 IL-6 IL-8 IL-10 IL-12 IL-13 IL-15 IL-17 IL-23 IL-7 IL-33 IL-22 IL-18

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Description

Pretilachlor is a chloroacetamide herbicide with biological activities including endocrine disruption, oxidative stress induction, apoptosis induction, and immunotoxicity. Pretilachlor exerts its effects by interfering with hormone metabolism, inducing oxidative stress, activating apoptotic pathways, and inhibiting immune functions. Pretilachlor upregulates the transcription of P53, Mdm2, and Bbc3, and increases the activities of Caspase3 and Caspase9; it upregulates the transcription of genes in the HPG/HPT axis and the activity of aromatase; it induces oxidative stress, elevates ROS levels, and upregulates CAT, SOD, and GPX. Pretilachlor downregulates the transcription of CXCL-C1C, IL-1β, and IL-8. Pretilachlor disrupts the normal physiological processes and embryonic development of fish, exhibiting significant toxicity. Pretilachlor can be used in studies related to weeding, environmental pollution, and behavioral toxicity in fish[1][2].

IC50 & Target[1]

Caspase 3

 

Caspase 9

 

Aromatase

 

IL-8

 

IL-1β

 

In Vivo

Pretilachlor (50-200 μg/L; aqueous exposure; continuous; 96 hours) induces endocrine disruption, immunotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in developing zebrafish embryos, with significant alterations in gene transcription, protein levels, and enzyme activities across multiple physiological pathways[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: AB strain (embryos from adult females with average weight 0.93 g, males with average weight 0.65 g)[1]
Dosage: 50 μg/L, 100 μg/L, 200 μg/L
Administration: aqueous exposure; continuous; 96 hours
Result: Upregulated VTG1 mRNA by 3.45-fold (50 μg/L), 2.74-fold (100 μg/L) and 2.43-fold (200 μg/L).
Upregulated CYP19a mRNA by 4.29-fold (50 μg/L); upregulated CYP19b mRNA by 3.29-fold (50 μg/L) and raised its level at 200 μg/L.
Elevated ERα mRNA at 200 μg/L; suppressed ERβ1 mRNA at 100 μg/L and 200 μg/L.
Raised TRα mRNA at 50 μg/L and 200 μg/L; upregulated Dio2 mRNA by 1.5-fold (50 μg/L).
Boosted VTG protein contents and aromatase activity at 50 μg/L and 100 μg/L.
Elevated T3 content at 100 μg/L; increased T4 content at 50 μg/L and 100 μg/L.
Suppressed CXCL-C1C mRNA across all tested concentrations.
Reduced IL-1β mRNA to 0.172-fold (50 μg/L), 0.350-fold (100 μg/L) and 0.400-fold (200 μg/L) in a dose-dependent manner.
Lowered IL-8 mRNA at 100 μg/L.
Upregulated CAT and Cu/Zn-SOD mRNA at 50 μg/L; upregulated GPX mRNA at 200 μg/L.
Increased CAT protein contents at 50 μg/L and 100 μg/L; enhanced CAT activity at 100 μg/L.
Raised SOD protein content at 50 μg/L; elevated GPX protein contents at 50 μg/L and 200 μg/L.
Elevated ROS levels at all tested concentrations.
Upregulated P53 mRNA at 50 μg/L and 200 μg/L; upregulated Mdm2 mRNA at 50 μg/L; upregulated Bbc3 mRNA by 2.08-fold (200 μg/L).
Enhanced Caspase3 activity at 100 μg/L and 200 μg/L; increased Caspase9 activity at 100 μg/L.
Molecular Weight

311.85

Formula

C17H26ClNO2
CAS No.
Appearance

Liquid (Density: 1.074±0.06 g/cm3)

Color

Colorless to light yellow

SMILES

O=C(N(C1=C(CC)C=CC=C1CC)CCOCCC)CCl
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, stored under nitrogen

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 200 mg/mL (641.33 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 3.2067 mL 16.0333 mL 32.0667 mL
5 mM 0.6413 mL 3.2067 mL 6.4133 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

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Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
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Purity & Documentation
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 3.2067 mL 16.0333 mL 32.0667 mL 80.1667 mL
5 mM 0.6413 mL 3.2067 mL 6.4133 mL 16.0333 mL
10 mM 0.3207 mL 1.6033 mL 3.2067 mL 8.0167 mL
15 mM 0.2138 mL 1.0689 mL 2.1378 mL 5.3444 mL
20 mM 0.1603 mL 0.8017 mL 1.6033 mL 4.0083 mL
25 mM 0.1283 mL 0.6413 mL 1.2827 mL 3.2067 mL
30 mM 0.1069 mL 0.5344 mL 1.0689 mL 2.6722 mL
40 mM 0.0802 mL 0.4008 mL 0.8017 mL 2.0042 mL
50 mM 0.0641 mL 0.3207 mL 0.6413 mL 1.6033 mL
60 mM 0.0534 mL 0.2672 mL 0.5344 mL 1.3361 mL
80 mM 0.0401 mL 0.2004 mL 0.4008 mL 1.0021 mL
100 mM 0.0321 mL 0.1603 mL 0.3207 mL 0.8017 mL
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  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Pretilachlor51218-49-6HerbicideCaspaseCytochrome P450MDM-2/p53Interleukin RelatedReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)ApoptosisCYPsILT4Caspase9apoptosis pathwayCaspase3aromataseVTGzebrafish embryoClarias batrachusHPG/HPT axis genesT3Inhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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