2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    NF-κB
  4. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-W035106
    Nickel(II) Dibutyldithiocarbamate
    		Inhibitor
    Nickel(II) Dibutyldithiocarbamate is an antioxidant and antiozonant. Nickel(II) Dibutyldithiocarbamate can be used against ozone-induced bronzing of P. vulgaris leaves.
    Nickel(II) Dibutyldithiocarbamate
  • HY-122921
    5-Galloylquinic acid
    		99.37%
    5-Galloylquinic acid, an main scavenger of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in green tea.
    5-Galloylquinic acid
  • HY-N12087
    8-Deoxylactucin
    		Inhibitor
    8-Deoxylactucin is an orally active sesquiterpene lactone. 8-Deoxylactucin inhibits LPS (HY-D1056)-induced NO production in RAW264.7 macrophages with an IC50 value of 4.35 μM. 8-Deoxylactucin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by blocking the NF-κB pathway. 8-Deoxylactucin demonstrates hepatoprotective efficacy in LPS/D-galactosamine-induced acute hepatitis model of mice. 8-Deoxylactucin can be used for the study of inflammatory diseases and inflammatory liver injuries.
    8-Deoxylactucin
  • HY-W585926
    Disperse polyester dark blue
    Disperse Polyester Dark Blue is a chemical compound extensively employed in scientific research. It serves as a redox-active agent and functions as a probe for identifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells and tissues. By accepting electrons from ROS and undergoing oxidation, Disperse Polyester Dark Blue demonstrates its redox activity. Consequently, a chemiluminescent signal is generated, which can be measured using a luminometer. The intensity of the signal directly correlates with the quantity of ROS detected within the sample.
    Disperse polyester dark blue
  • HY-N0037R
    Albiflorin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Albiflorin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Albiflorin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Albiflorin, a major constituent contained in peony root, is a monoterpene glycoside with neuroprotective effects. Albiflorin also has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antinociceptive effects.
    Albiflorin (Standard)
  • HY-10498A
    Lexibulin dihydrochloride
    		Activator
    Lexibulin dihydrochloride (CYT-997 dihydrochloride) is a potent and orally active tubulin polymerisation inhibitor with IC50s of 10-100 nM in cancer cell lines; with potent cytotoxic and vascular disrupting activity in vitro and in vivo. Lexibulin dihydrochloride induces cell apoptosis and induces mitochondrial ROS generation in GC cells.
    Lexibulin dihydrochloride
  • HY-N0334
    (+)-Magnoflorine
    		Inhibitor
    (+)-Magnoflorine (α-Magnoflorine) is an orally active aporphine alkaloid with multiple biological activities. (+)-Magnoflorine promotes Parkin/PINK1 -mediated mitochondrial autophagy, inhibits the activation of NLRP3/Caspase-1 pathway, regulates the intestinal microbiota, and exhibits significant anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. (+)-Magnoflorine inhibits JNK and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways, activates Sirt1/AMPK pathway, alleviates neuronal oxidative stress and apoptosis. Magnoflorine upregulates miR-410-3p, inhibits HMGB1/NF-κB pathway, and has anti-tumor activity. (+)-Magnoflorine also has significant antifungal activity.
    (+)-Magnoflorine
  • HY-116525
    Octaethylporphyrin
    		Inducer
    Octaethylporphyrin is a porphyrin derivative. Octaethylporphyrin is a photodynamic therapy (PDT) agent.
    Octaethylporphyrin
  • HY-N8219
    Isoarundinin II
    		Inhibitor
    Isoarundinin II is a bibenzyl compound found in the pseudobulbs of Pleione grandiflora (Rolfe) Rolfe. Isoarundinin II scavenges DPPH free radicals.
    Isoarundinin II
  • HY-126474S
    MitoB-d15 bromide
    MitoB-d15 (bromide) is deuterium labeled MitoB (bromide). MitoB bromide is an exomarker of mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide. MitoB bromide is a mitochondria-targeted ratiometric probe, and can be used to measure levels of one major ROS, hydrogen peroxide, within living animals.
    MitoB-d<sub>15</sub> bromide
  • HY-N3741
    Didrovaltrate
    		Inhibitor
    Didrovaltrate (Didrovaltratum) is an L-type calcium channel blocker, ROS scavenger, autophagy enhancer, and lipid accumulation inhibitor. Didrovaltrate blocks L-type calcium currents in a concentration-dependent manner, shifts the current-voltage curve upward, modulates steady-state inactivation kinetics, and inhibits the nuclear translocation of glucocorticoid receptors. Didrovaltrate reduces ROS levels, downregulates the expression of muscle atrophy-related genes, enhances autophagy via lipophagy, and decreases Oleic acid-induced lipid accumulation. Didrovaltrate exhibits cytotoxic activity against cancer cells. Didrovaltrate can be used in research related to skeletal muscle atrophy, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, breast cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, and prostate cancer.
    Didrovaltrate
  • HY-B0183R
    Ellagic acid (Standard)
    Ellagic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ellagic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ellagic acid is a natural antioxidant, and acts as a potent and ATP-competitive inhibitor of CK2 and SHP2, with an IC50 of 40 nM and a Ki of 20 nM.
    Ellagic acid (Standard)
  • HY-B2130AR
    Uric acid sodium (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Uric acid (sodium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Uric acid (sodium). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Uric acid sodium (Monosodium urate), scavenger of oxygen radical, is a very important antioxidant that help maintains the stability of blood pressure and antioxidant stress. Uric acid sodium can remove reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as singlet oxygen and peroxynitrite, inhibiting lipid peroxidation.
    Uric acid sodium (Standard)
  • HY-W420337
    Fluopimomide
    		Activator
    Fluopimomide (LH2010A) is a potent pesticide, widely used for agricultural pest management. Fluopimomide adversely affects the nematodes growth, locomotive behaviors, reproduction, and lifespan, accompanying with enhanced of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lipid and lipofuscin accumulation, and malondialdehyde content. Fluopimomide inhibits antioxidant systems in the nematodes.
    Fluopimomide
  • HY-N2720
    6-O-Caffeoylarbutin
    		Inhibitor 99.47%
    6-O-Caffeoylarbutin (Robustaside B) possesses antioxidant activity. 6-O-Caffeoylarbutin ameliorates neurological functions and deficits in ischemic mice.
    6-O-Caffeoylarbutin
  • HY-118571
    Benzoin methyl ether
    		98.14%
    Benzoin methyl ether (NSC76550) is a photoinitiator.
    Benzoin methyl ether
  • HY-125662A
    BMX-001
    		Inhibitor
    BMX-001, a novel redox-active metalloporphyrin, improves islet function and engraftment in a murine transplant model. BMX-001 reduces apoptosis in human and murine islets. BMX-001 significantly improves static-glucose stimulated insulin secretion (sGSIS) responses in murine islets. BMX-001 can significantly restore euglycemia in murine islet studies in the presence of the MnSOD. BMX-001 reduces the generation of ROS in a murine islet isolation and culture model.
    BMX-001
  • HY-17402R
    Nisoldipine (Standard)
    Nisoldipine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Nisoldipine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Nisoldipine (BAY-k 5552; Sular) is a highly efficient and specific L-type Cav1.2 channel blocker with an IC50 of 10 nM.
    Nisoldipine (Standard)
  • HY-N0524R
    Propyl gallate (Standard)
    		Inducer
    Propyl gallate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Propyl gallate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Propyl gallate is a common food antioxidant. Propyl gallate can inhibit the production of acrolein, glyoxal and methylglyoxal. Propyl gallate exhibits anti-inflammatory, antitumor and cardioprotective activities.
    Propyl gallate (Standard)
  • HY-N10608
    (-)-Isoledene
    		Inducer
    (-)-Isoledene is a natural organic compound with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. (-)-Isoledene has also been studied for the synthesis of a variety of compound intermediates, demonstrating its potential application in compound development.
    (-)-Isoledene
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity