Cancer Stem Cells

PPA24 is a PP2A activator with a K_D of 8.465 μM for PP2ACα. PPA24 induces cancer cell death via apoptosis. PP2ACα induces ROS generation and decreases the level of c-Myc expression. PPA24 can be used to study colorectal cancer (CRC), Folinic acid (HY-17556), 5-Fluorouracil (HY-90006), and Oxaliplatin (HY-17371) (FOLFOX)-resistant CRC, and melanoma cancer.

PT109 is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable multi-kinase inhibitor. By inhibiting PTBP1, PT109 promotes the switch of pyruvate kinase isoform from PKM2 to PKM1, thereby effectively inhibiting the proliferation and migration of glioblastoma multiforme and inducing its reprogramming into oligodendrocytes. PT109 also targets and regulates key signaling molecules such as JNK, SGK1, GSK3β to exert neuroprotective effects including promoting neurogenesis, inducing synapse formation and alleviating neuroinflammation. In Alzheimer's disease models, PT109 exhibits significant efficacy in improving spatial learning ability, along with excellent in vivo pharmacokinetic properties. PT109 can be used to investigate metabolic reprogramming of glioblastoma multiforme and neuroprotective mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease.

Ac-GpYLPQTV-NH2 acetate is a STAT3 inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of 0.33 μM. Ac-GpYLPQTV-NH2 acetate has antitumor activity.

Ciprofloxacin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ciprofloxacin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent. Ciprofloxacin exerts bactericidal effects primarily by inhibiting topoisomerase II and IV. Ciprofloxacin inhibits the proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells and chondrocytes from young rats, and also activates the Akt signaling pathway and upregulates markers such as β-catenin and Nanog to maintain the morphological characteristics of stem cells. Ciprofloxacin induces significant neurotoxicity and tissue damage, including reducing serotonin and glutathione levels in the brain, inducing oxidative stress and depression-like behaviors, and causing articular cartilage damage. Ciprofloxacin can be applied to research related to infections of necrotic young permanent teeth and neurotoxicity.

Antitumor agent-172 (Compound 28) is an inhibitor for β-catenin/BCL9 interaction with IC₅₀ of 3.92 μM. Antitumor agent-172 exhibits high affinity to β-catenin with K_d of 82 nM. Antitumor agent-172 activates T cells, promotes antigen presentation, and exhibits antitumor efficacy and good pharmacokinetic characteristics in mouse models.

UU-T02 is a novel potent, selective small-molecule inhibitor of β-Catenin/T-cell factor protein-protein interaction (β-catenin/Tcf PPI) with a K_i of 1.36 μM. UU-T02 inhibits canonical Wnt signaling and the growth of colorectal cancer cells.

Trimebutine maleate is a multi-target inhibitor and opioid receptor agonist with antimuscarinic activity. Trimebutine maleate inhibits L-type Ca²⁺ channels and large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (BK_Ca channels), thereby inhibiting extracellular calcium influx and potassium ion efflux. Trimebutine maleate also targets Toll-like receptors, inhibits Toll-like receptor 2/4/7/8/9 signals, and inhibits LPS-induced IRAK1 activation, as well as ERK1/2, JNK and NF-κB activation, thereby exerting anti-inflammatory effects. Trimebutine maleate also induces tumor cell apoptosis by inhibiting the AKT/ERK pathway. Trimebutine maleate also inhibits excessive contraction of smooth muscle and can be used in the study of gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

MT-125 free base is a specific and well-tolerated inhibitor of non-muscle myosin IIA (K_i,NMIIA = 2.7 μM) and IIB (EC₅₀ = 1.7 μM). MT-125 free base can pass through the blood-brain barrier. MT-125 free base induces ferroptosis and DNA damage by increasing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within tumor cells. MT-125 free base can enhance the PDGFR signaling pathway. MT-125 free base can be used for research on glioblastoma.

WNTinib (APS-8-100-2) is a multi-kinase inhibitor that selectively antagonizes β-catenin (CTNNB1) mutated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). WNTinib downregulates oncogenicWntsignaling by inhibiting KIT/MAPK and downstream EZH2 activation.

PKG inhibitor peptide is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), with a K_i of 86 μM.

Coptisine Sulfate is an orally active and brain-penetrant alkaloid found in Coptis chinensis. Coptisine Sulfate is a reversible, uncompetitive IDO inhibitor with a K_i of 5.8 μM and an IC₅₀ of 6.3 μM. Coptisine Sulfate suppresses neuroinflammation, reduces Aβ plaque burden and shows neuroprotective activity. Coptisine Sulfate shows anti-inflammation activity by blocking NF-κB, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt activation. Coptisine Sulfate inhibits cancer cells proliferation, induces DNA damage, G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction. Coptisine Sulfate inhibits Rho/ROCK pathway activation, reduces arrhythmia, limits cardiac injury marker release, reduces infarct size, and preserves cardiac function in rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion models. Coptisine Sulfate downregulates HMGCR and upregulates LDLR and CYP7A1 to modulate cholesterol metabolism, reduces abnormal serum lipid levels, and promotes fecal bile acid excretion. Coptisine Sulfate be used for the research of cancer, hypercholesterolemia, Alzheimer’s disease, inflammatory disorders and cardiovascular disease.

N-(p-Coumaroyl) Serotonin is an orally active polyphenol found in safflower seeds with potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor activities. N-(p-Coumaroyl) Serotonin suppresses NF‑κB, TLR4/MyD88 and MAPK signaling, activates NQO1/HO‑1 pathways, and inhibits pro‑inflammatory cytokines, iNOS and COX‑2 and ROS production. N-(p-Coumaroyl) Serotonin induces S‑phase arrest and apoptosis in glioblastoma cells, reduces atherosclerotic lesions, and alleviates renal and vascular injuries. N-(p-Coumaroyl) Serotonin acts as a vasodilator, regulates calcium dynamics. N-(p-Coumaroyl) Serotonin can be used for the research of neurodegenerative diseases, atherosclerosis, glioblastoma, and acute renal failure.

JK184 is a potent Hedgehog (Hh) pathway inhibitor with IC₅₀ of 30 nM in mammalian cells.

Murrayafoline A is a carbazole alkaloid that can be extracted from Murraya tetramera. Murrayafoline A directly targets Specificity protein 1 (Sp1), thereby inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Murrayafoline a induces a G0/G1-phase arrest in platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells. Murrayafoline A attenuates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by promoting the degradation of intracellular β-catenin proteins. Murrayafoline A enhances the contraction of rat ventricular myocytes and L-type calcium current by activating protein kinase C. Murrayafoline A inhibits LPS (HY-D1056)-induced neuroinflammation in vivo. Murrayafoline A can be used for the study of inflammation, vascular complications and colon cancer.

(DHQD)2PHAL (C-61) is a SYK tyrosine kinase inhibitor. (DHQD)2PHAL blocks SYK-dependent STAT3 signaling and prevents oxidative stress-induced STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation and DNA-binding activity. (DHQD)2PHAL promotes oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. (DHQD)2PHAL can be used in research on B-cell precursor leukemia and B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Perfluoroundecanoic acid is a perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS). Perfluoroundecanoic acid is an orally active oxidative stress inducer. Perfluoroundecanoic acid promotes macrophage M2 polarization, activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling and enhances β-catenin nuclear accumulation. Perfluoroundecanoic acid -induced M2 phenotype macrophage accelerates tumor progression in vitro and in vivo. Perfluoroundecanoic acid induces DNA damage, reproductive and pathophysiological dysfunctions via oxidative stress in male Swiss mice. Perfluoroundecanoic acid inhibits Leydig cell development in pubertal male rats via inducing oxidative stress and autophagy. Perfluoroundecanoic acid accelerates insulitis development in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. Perfluoroundecanoic acid can be used for the study of ovarian cancer, type 1 diabetes and inflammation.

ZM39923 hydrochloride is a JAK3 inhibitor, with a pIC₅₀ of 7.1; ZM39923 hydrochloride also potently inhibits tissue transglutaminase (TGM2) with an IC₅₀ of 10 nM.

BAY 2476568 is a potent and mutant-selective inhibitor targeting EGFR exon20 insertion variants. BAY 2476568 potently inhibits the kinase activity of EGFR exon20 insertion mutants (insASV, insSVD, insNPG) with IC₅₀ values of 0.09 nM, 0.21 nM, and 0.11 nM, respectively. BAY 2476568 inhibits EGFR (Y1068) phosphorylation and reduces the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt (S473) in Ba/F3 cells expressing EGFR exon20 insertion mutants (insASV, insSVD). BAY 2476568 can be used for the study of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) driven by EGFR exon20 insertion mutations.

Rineterkib (compound B) is an orally available ERK1 and ERK2 inhibitor in the treatment of a proliferative disease characterized by activating mutations in the MAPK pathway. The activity is particularly related to the treatment of KRAS-mutant NSCLC, BRAF-mutant NSCLC, KRAS-mutant pancreatic cancer, KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer (CRC) and KRAS-mutant ovarian cancer. Rineterkib hydrochloride can also inhibit RAF.

GKI-1 is a Greatwall (GWL) kinase inhibitor with IC₅₀s of 4.9 and 2.5 μM against hGWL^FL and hGWL-KinDom, respectively. GKI-1 robustly inhibits ROCK1 with an IC₅₀ of 11 μM, but only weakly affected PKA.