PKC Activator

Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; TPA; Phorbol myristate acetate), a phorbol ester, is a dual SphK and protein kinase C (PKC) activator. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate is a NF-κB activator. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate induces differentiation in THP-1 cells (Validated by MedChemExpress).

Ionomycin (SQ23377) is a potent, selective calcium ionophore and an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces conglobatus. Ionomycin (SQ23377) is highly specific for divalent cations (Ca>Mg>Sr=Ba). Ionomycin (SQ23377) promotes apoptosis. Ionomycin also induces the activation of protein kinase C (PKC).

Ionomycin calcium (SQ23377 calcium) is a potent, selective calcium ionophore and an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces conglobatus. Ionomycin calcium (SQ23377 calcium) is highly specific for divalent cations (Ca>Mg>Sr=Ba). Ionomycin (SQ23377) promotes apoptosis. Ionomycin calcium (SQ23377 calcium) also induces the activation of protein kinase C (PKC).

Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (Phorbol dibutyrate) is a PKC activator and a potent skin tumor promoter.

TPPB is a cell-permeable benzolactam-derived protein kinase C (PKC) activator with a K_i of 11.9 nM.

Prostratin, a natural terpenoid compound, is a PKC activator, with a K_i of 12.5 nM and shows inhibitory effect on HIV-1.

R59949 is a pan diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 300 nM. R59949 strongly inhibits the activity of type I DGK α and γ and moderately attenuates the activity of type II DGK θ and κ. R59949 activates protein kinase C (PKC) by enhancing the levels of the endogenous ligand diacyl glycerol.

R 59-022 (DKGI-I) is a DGK inhibitor (IC₅₀: 2.8 µM). R 59-022 inhibits the phosphorylation of OAG to OAPA. R 59-022 is a 5-HT Receptor antagonist, and activates protein kinase C (PKC). R 59-022 potentiates thrombin-induced diacylglycerol production in platelets and inhibits phosphatidic acid production in neutrophils.

Decursin ((+)-Decursin) is a potent anti-tumor agent. Decursin also is a cytotoxic agent and a potent protein kinase C activator. Decursin induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. Decursin decreases the expression of CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, cyclin D1 protein at 48 h. Decursin inhibits cell proliferation and migration. Decursin shows anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities.

1-Oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol is a cell-permeable analog of diacylglycerol (DAG) and can activate Protein kinase C (PKC). 1-Oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol can activate the TRPC channels-mediated specific Ca²⁺ influx. 1-Oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol can stimulate superoxide-generation from human neutrophils. 1-Oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol stimulates the formation of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate in intact human platelets. 1-Oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol can stimulate ascites tumor cell proliferation.

Ingenol is a PKC activator, with a K_i of 30 μM, with antitumor activity.

Pam2CSK4 TFA is a TLR2 agonist. Pam2CSK4 TFA induces the expression of iNOS and NO in macrophage cell lines via TBK1 and MyD88 molecules. Pam2CSK4 TFA activates the NF-κB and Bruton's tyrosine kinase signaling pathways in platelets, and promotes platelet-endothelial cell interactions. TLR2 activation triggered by Pam2CSK4 TFA expands myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and suppresses anti-tumor immune responses in the tumor microenvironment. Pam2CSK4 TFA acts as a Th2-polarizing adjuvant in mouse vaccine models against Leishmania major and Brugia malayi. Pam2CSK4 TFA can be used in the research of various diseases, including thromboinflammatory diseases, sepsis, atherosclerosis, heart failure, influenza, lymphoma, melanoma, cutaneous leishmaniasis and lymphatic filariasis.

1-Stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol is a diacylglycerol (DAG) containing polyunsaturated fatty acids. 1-Stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol can activate PKC. 1-Stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol also can augment nonselective cation channel (NSCC) activity.

Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; TPA; Phorbol myristate acetate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications.

Pinoresinol dimethyl ether ((+)-Eudesmin) is a non-phenolic furanoid lignin. Pinoresinol dimethyl ether can be isolated from Magnolia biondii. Pinoresinol dimethyl ether activates MAPK, PKC, and PKA upstream pathways and inhibits NO levels. Pinoresinol dimethyl ether has neuroprotective activity.

Tigilanol tiglate (EBC-46) is a protein kinase C (PKC)/C1 domain activator. Tigilanol tiglate is associated with mitochondrial/endoplasmic reticulum (ER) dysfunction, leading to activation of the unfolded protein response (UPRmt/ER) and subsequent induction of ATP depletion, organelles expansion, Caspase activation, gasdermin E cleavage, and terminal necrosis. Tigilanol tiglate, as a small anti-tumor molecule with immunomodulatory effects, can be used in the study of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and soft tissue sarcoma.

1,2-Dimyristoyl-sn-glycerol is a saturated diacylglycerol and a weak second messenger for the activation of PKC.

Decursinol angelate acts as a PKC activator and GDH inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 1.432 μM against human GDH. Decursinol angelate activates PKC, downregulates PKCα and PKCβII isoforms, and exerts cytotoxic activity against cancer cells. Decursinol angelate binds to GDH and inhibits its enzymatic activity. Decursinol angelate inhibits VEGF-induced autophosphorylation of VEGFR2, downstream p42/44 ERK and JNK-MAPK signaling pathways, as well as the angiogenesis process. Decursinol angelate is applicable to research related to cancer and leukemia.

SC-10 is a direct activator of PKC.

C8-Ceramide (N-Octanoyl-D-erythro-sphingosine) is a cell-permeable analog of naturally occurring ceramides. C8-Ceramide has anti-proliferation properties and acts as a potent chemotherapeutic agent. C8-Ceramide stimulates dendritic cells to promote T cell responses upon virus infections. C8-Ceramide induces slight activation of protein kinase (PKC) in vitro.