Cat. No.: HY-N6951

Guaiazulene

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Guaiazulene is a bicyclic sesquiterpene. Guaiazulene exhibits various biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, antibacterial, and anti-tumor properties. Guaiazulene is also commonly used as a colorant in cosmetics. Guaiazulene shows in vitro cytotoxicity to rat neuronal cells and N2a neuroblastoma cells at high concentrations.

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Pureté: 99.08%
CAS No.: 489-84-9
Formule: C₁₅H₁₈
Masse moléculaire:198.30

Stockage:

Pure form -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month

Guaiazulene Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 489-84-9

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Activité biologique
- Description
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Solvant et solubilité
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Pureté et documentation
Références
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Activité biologique

Description

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In Vitro

Guaiazulene (≥150 μg/mL; 24 h) can reduce the cell viability, inhibit the total antioxidant capacity, but has no obvious DNA damage in N2a and rat neurons^[1].
Guaiazulene (5-20 μM; 0-45 min) significantly inhibits lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes with an IC₅₀ of 9.8 μM^[2].
Guaiazulene (0-250 μM; 48 h) can inhibit the proliferation, reduce clone formation, and induce ROS accumulation and cell apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cell lines^[3].
Guaiazulene (0-150 μM; 24-48 h) triggers a complete autophagic flux in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines A549 and H1975 by inhibiting the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Viability Assay^[2]

Cell Line:

Primary rat neurons and N2a NB cells
Concentration:

10, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, and 400 μg/mL
Incubation Time:

24 h
Result:

Did not affect cell viability at 10, 25, 50, 75, and 100 μg/mL
Inhibited the cell viability at 150, 200, and 400 μg/mL.

Cell Viability Assay^[3]

Cell Line:

Non-small cell lung cancer cell lines
Concentration:

0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 μM
Incubation Time:

48 h
Result:

Inhibited the cell growth, with IC₅₀ values of 135.0, 144.7, 148.9, 109.5, 152.8, and 207.0 μM for A549, PC9, HCC827, H1975, H1299 and 16HBE, respectively.

In Vivo

Guaiazulene (250 mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; single dose) exerts a protective effect in a rat model of liver injury^[2].
Guaiazulene (25 mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; 3 weeks) exhibits anti-tumor activity in a nude mouse model of A549 xenograft^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Female Fischer-344 rats (180-200 g) treated Acetaminophen (Paracetamol; HY-66005) to induc liver injury^[2]
Dosage:

250 mg/kg
Administration:

Intraperitoneal injection; single dose
Result:

Restored the paracetamol-decreased hepatic glutathione level, and normalized other parameters including hepatic weight, cytosolic protein content, glutathione transferase activity, and glutathione reductase activity, which were affected by paracetamol.
Did not cause any macroscopic toxic symptoms, and its administration alone has no effect on all tested indices.

Animal Model:

Female nude mice (BALB/c, 17-19 g) aged 5 weeks old treated A549 cells^[3]
Dosage:

25 mg/kg
Administration:

Intraperitoneal injection; 3 weeks
Result:

Caused smaller size and lighter weight of tumors.
Reduced Ki67 staining intensity, while cleaved-caspase 3 intensity was increased; LC3 staining was stronger and p-Akt levels were decreased in tumor tissues.
Caused no significant changes in mouse weight or pathologic features of major organs (heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidney)

Chemical Information

CAS No. 489-84-9
Appearance Solid-Liquid Mixture
Masse moléculaire 198.30
Formule C₁₅H₁₈
SMILES

CC(C1=CC2=C(C)C=CC2=C(C)C=C1)C
Structure Classification
- Terpenoids
- Sesquiterpenes
Initial Source
- Plants
- other families
- Endogenous metabolite
Livraison

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Stockage

Pure form	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Solvant et solubilité

In Vitro:

DMSO : 50 mg/mL (252.14 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

5.0429 mL

25.2143 mL

50.4286 mL

5 mM

1.0086 mL

5.0429 mL

10.0857 mL

10 mM

0.5043 mL

2.5214 mL

5.0429 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Calculateur de molarité

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Calculateur de dilution

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 6.25 mg/mL (31.52 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 6.25 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (62.5 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 6.25 mg/mL (31.52 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 6.25 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (62.5 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Pureté et documentation

Select Batch:

Pureté: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Fiche technique (285 KB)
SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
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- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Instruction de manipulation (2659 KB)

Références

[1]. Togar B, et al. Guaiazulene biochemical activity and cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on rat neuron and N2a neuroblastom cells. J Intercult Ethnopharmacol. 2015 Jan-Mar;4(1):29-33. [Content Brief]

[2]. Kourounakis AP, et al. Antioxidant activity of guaiazulene and protection against paracetamol hepatotoxicity in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1997 Sep;49(9):938-42. [Content Brief]

[3]. Ye Q, et al. Guaiazulene Triggers ROS-Induced Apoptosis and Protective Autophagy in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Pharmacol. 2021 Apr 15;12:621181. [Content Brief]

[4]. Akram W, et al. Guaiazulene and related compounds: A review of current perspective on biomedical applications. Life Sci. 2023 Mar 1;316:121389. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	5.0429 mL	25.2143 mL	50.4286 mL	126.0716 mL
	5 mM	1.0086 mL	5.0429 mL	10.0857 mL	25.2143 mL
	10 mM	0.5043 mL	2.5214 mL	5.0429 mL	12.6072 mL
	15 mM	0.3362 mL	1.6810 mL	3.3619 mL	8.4048 mL
	20 mM	0.2521 mL	1.2607 mL	2.5214 mL	6.3036 mL
	25 mM	0.2017 mL	1.0086 mL	2.0171 mL	5.0429 mL
	30 mM	0.1681 mL	0.8405 mL	1.6810 mL	4.2024 mL
	40 mM	0.1261 mL	0.6304 mL	1.2607 mL	3.1518 mL
	50 mM	0.1009 mL	0.5043 mL	1.0086 mL	2.5214 mL
	60 mM	0.0840 mL	0.4202 mL	0.8405 mL	2.1012 mL
	80 mM	0.0630 mL	0.3152 mL	0.6304 mL	1.5759 mL
	100 mM	0.0504 mL	0.2521 mL	0.5043 mL	1.2607 mL

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Guaiazulene

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