Kanamycin
Based on 35 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Kanamycin (Kanamycin A) is an antibacterial agent. Kanamycin blocks Kir4.1 channels. Kanamycin inhibits bacterial mRNA translation and exerts bactericidal effects against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and acid-resistant microorganisms. Kanamycin produces ROS and superoxide and induces caspase-3-mediated apoptosis. Kanamycin inhibits biofilms and reduces persister bacteria, and reduces Mycobacterium tuberculosis within macrophages. Kanamycin can be used in research on bacterial infections, urinary tract infections, tuberculosis, and Staphylococcus aureus-induced peritonitis.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity : 99.87%
- CAS No.: 59-01-8
- Formula: C18H36N4O11
- Molecular Weight:484.50
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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HY-B0522
AmpicillinBacterial Inhibitor -
HY-A0276A
GentamicinAminoglycoside Antibiotic -
HY-B0318
MetronidazoleAntibiotic -
HY-A0107
TetracyclineAntibiotic -
HY-B0671
VancomycinAntibiotic -
HY-B0522A
Ampicillin sodiumBacterial Inhibitor -
HY-B0272
RifampicinAntivirus Agent -
HY-15921
IPTGAllolactose Mimic -
HY-B1906
StreptomycinAntibiotic -
HY-Y0320C
Dimethyl sulfoxideAprotic Solvent -
HY-B0509A
AmikacinAntibiotic -
HY-B0239
ChloramphenicolHIF-1α Inhibitor
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Kanamycin
More- Science. 2026 Mar 19;391(6791):eadu7686. [Abstract]
- Exploration. 2025 Dec 18;5(6):20240396. [Abstract]
- Nat Microbiol. 2025 Nov;10(11):2949-2965. [Abstract]
- Nucleic Acids Res. 2026 Apr 23;54(8):gkag290. [Abstract]
- Nucleic Acids Res. 2022 Dec 9;50(22):12951-12968. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Aug;11(31):e2308307. [Abstract]
- Sci Adv. 2023 Feb 17;9(7):eade4770. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Dis. 2021 May 18;12(6):509. [Abstract]
- Food Chem. 2023 Mar 1:403:134399. [Abstract]
- Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2018, 43(30), 13821-13828.
- Food Res Int. 2026 Jul 31:236:119200. [Abstract]
- Chin Med. 2025 Oct 3;20(1):155. [Abstract]
- J Med Chem. 2026 Jan 23. [Abstract]
- mLife. 2025 Apr 15;4(2):155-168. [Abstract]
- Microb Biotechnol. 2021 Nov;14(6):2538-2551. [Abstract]
- Commun Biol. 2025 Oct 6;8(1):1425. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2025 Jun 26:159:114888. [Abstract]
- BMC Microbiol. 2025 Apr 29;25(1):257. [Abstract]
- Aquat Toxicol. 2025 Mar:280:107284. [Abstract]
- iScience. 2025 Nov 12;28(12):114030. [Abstract]
- ACS Infect Dis. 2025 Apr 1. [Abstract]
- J Periodontol. 2024 Sep;95(9):867-879. [Abstract]
- ACS Infect Dis. 2024 Apr 12;10(4):1327-1338. [Abstract]
- J Virol. 2026 May 14:e0003526. [Abstract]
- Microbiol Spectr. 2025 Oct 16:e0160325. [Abstract]
- Microbiol Spectr. 2025 Aug 29:e0059025. [Abstract]
- AMB Express. 2024 Dec 24;14(1):141. [Abstract]
- J Sep Sci. 2026 Apr;49(4):e70402. [Abstract]
- ACS Chem Biol. 2022 Jan 21;17(1):39-53. [Abstract]
- PLoS One. 2026 Jul 8;21(7):e0352997.
- Int J Med Microbiol. 2023 Mar 28;313(2):151578. [Abstract]
- Vet Res Commun. 2024 Dec;48(6):3859-3872. [Abstract]
- Authorea. 2026 May 12.
- bioRxiv. 2025 May 29.
- bioRxiv. 2025 January 19.
Customer Validation & Images
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Microbiological Assay
All Caspase Isoforms
More
Biological Activity
Description
IC50 & Target
[6]|
Caspase 3 |
Cellular Effect
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vero | IC50 |
>100 μg/mL
Compound: KAN
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Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells after 72 hrs by MTS-PMS assay
Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells after 72 hrs by MTS-PMS assay
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[PMID: 24087924] |
In Vitro
Kanamycin (0.1-1 mM; 24 h) damages cochlear hair cells in adult rats, but adult spiral ganglion neurons remain largely tolerant at concentrations up to 1 mM[6].
Kanamycin (1 mM; 3-24 h) activates caspase-3 in spiral ganglion neurons earlier than in organ of Corti hair cells in P3 rat cochlear cultures; the former is detectable as early as 3 h, whereas the latter reaches 85-90% caspase-3 positivity at 12-24 h[6].
Kanamycin exhibits MIC values of 2-16 µM against E. coli, S. aureus, S. enteritidis, B. abortus, S. flexneri, M. smegmatis, and M. tuberculosis, whereas the MIC against biofilm-forming S. epidermis isolates is >128 µM[3].
Kanamycin (300 µM) blocks Kir4.1-WT more strongly than the Kir4.1-T128A and Kir4.1-E158N mutants in inside-out membrane patches from HEK-293 cells, confirming that T128 and E158 contribute to the blocking site[1].
Kanamycin (300 µM; 20 min) weakly inhibits Kir4.1 channels in whole-cell recordings from HEK-293 cells, reducing the current at -30 mV by 18%[1].
Kanamycin (300 µM) weakly inhibits Kir1.1 channels in inside-out membrane patches from HEK-293 cells, blocking 12.63% of the current[1].
Kanamycin (1 mM; 24-48 h) causes extensive loss of neurofilament-positive SGNs and auditory nerve fibers in P3 rat cochlear cultures, but largely spares peripherin-positive type II SGNs and their fibers[6].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:P3 rat spiral ganglion neurons and auditory nerve fibers
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Concentration:0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1 mM
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Incubation Time:24 h
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Result:Caused shrinkage of the cell bodies, with many spiral ganglion neurons exhibiting nuclear pyknosis and/or karyorrhexis.
Reduced the staining signal for neurofilaments in spiral ganglion neurons.
In Vivo
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Balb/c (female, 4 weeks old, 20-25 g)[2]
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Dosage:3, 3000 mg/kg
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Administration:i.p.; twice daily; 3 days
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Result:Inhibited infection in the urinary tract and suppressed spread of infection to the kidneys.
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Animal Model:Kunming (female, 18 g)[5]
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Dosage:40 mg/kg
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Administration:i.v.; once daily; 7 consecutive days
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Result:Yielded a 74.29% survival ratio at 40 mg/kg.
Decreased viable bacterial counts in the lung, liver, and spleen.
Reduced H2O2 levels in these organs, and enhanced CAT activity in the lung, liver, and spleen.
- Research Protocol for Infectious Diseases
- RNA extraction experimental
- Detection of Apoptosis
- TUNEL staining for apoptotic DNA fragmentation
- Annexin V plus membrane-impermeant dye apoptosis staining
- ROS/oxidative-stress fluorescent staining
- Zymosan-Induced Peritonitis
- Apoptosis Solutions
- Gram Staining of Tissue Sections
Clinical Trial
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 59-01-8
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 484.50
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Formula C18H36N4O11
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O[C@H]1[C@](O[C@@H]2[C@@H](N)C[C@@H](N)[C@H](O[C@@]3([H])O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)[C@H]3O)[C@H]2O)([H])O[C@H](CN)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O
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Synonyms
Kanamycin A
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
Streptomyces kanamyceticus ATCC 12853
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Publications (35)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Science
Commensal-driven serotonin production modulates in vivo delivery of synthetic and viral vectors. [Abstract]2026 Mar 19;391(6791):eadu7686. PMID: 41855345 -
Exploration
A Bioorthogonal and Programmable Bacterial Delivery System for Spatiotemporally Targeted Therapy of Solid Tumors. [Abstract]2025 Dec 18;5(6):20240396. PMID: 41476656 -
Nat Microbiol
Mycobacterium tuberculosis-derived linoleic acid increases regulatory T cell function to promote bacterial survival within macrophages. [Abstract]2025 Nov;10(11):2949-2965. PMID: 41073667 -
Nucleic Acids Res
PhoP-regulated VirK acts as an accessory factor to maintain virulence in polymyxin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. [Abstract]2026 Apr 23;54(8):gkag290. PMID: 42033226 -
Nucleic Acids Res
RNA granule-clustered mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases form multiple complexes with the potential to fine-tune tRNA aminoacylation. [Abstract]2022 Dec 9;50(22):12951-12968. PMID: 36503967 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
Aloperine Suppresses Cancer Progression by Interacting with VPS4A to Inhibit Autophagosome-lysosome Fusion in NSCLC. [Abstract]2024 Aug;11(31):e2308307. PMID: 39166458 -
Sci Adv
Imaging of Escherichia coli K5 and glycosaminoglycan precursors via targeted metabolic labeling of capsular polysaccharides in bacteria. [Abstract]2023 Feb 17;9(7):eade4770. PMID: 36800421 -
Cell Death Dis
Sodium/glucose cotransporter 1-dependent metabolic alterations induce tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer by promoting macrophage M2 polarization. [Abstract]2021 May 18;12(6):509. PMID: 34006822 -
Food Chem
Electrochemical sensor for detecting streptomycin in milk based on label-free aptamer chain and magnetic adsorption. [Abstract]2023 Mar 1:403:134399. PMID: 36182859 -
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Food Res Int
Fructooligosaccharides alleviate early-life antibiotic-exposed food allergy via the Indole-3-propionic acid-AhR-Nrf2 Axis: A multi-omics prospective cohort study. [Abstract]2026 Jul 31:236:119200. PMID: 42116470 -
Chin Med
Synergistic potential of Berberine and Wogonin improved adipose inflammation and insulin resistance associated with obesity through HIF-α axis. [Abstract]2025 Oct 3;20(1):155. PMID: 41039626 -
J Med Chem
Discovery of 2-Chloro-pyrrolo[2,3- d]pyrimidin-4-one Derivatives as Protein Disulfide Isomerase Inhibitors with a Novel Allosteric-Covalent Binding Mode and Anti-Glioblastoma Activity. [Abstract]2026 Jan 23. PMID: 41574754 -
mLife
Identification of a phenyl ester covalent inhibitor of caseinolytic protease and analysis of the ClpP1P2 inhibition in mycobacteria. [Abstract]2025 Apr 15;4(2):155-168. PMID: 40313980 -
Microb Biotechnol
Attenuator LRR - a regulatory tool for modulating gene expression in Gram-positive bacteria. [Abstract]2021 Nov;14(6):2538-2551. PMID: 33720523 -
Commun Biol
The acetyltransferase CysE modulates virulence and drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by interfering with oxidative stress responses. [Abstract]2025 Oct 6;8(1):1425. PMID: 41053365 -
Int Immunopharmacol
Early-life antibiotic dysbiosis impairs microbial tryptophan- nicotinic acid metabolism exacerbating food allergy in adulthood. [Abstract]2025 Jun 26:159:114888. PMID: 40403504 -
BMC Microbiol
Klebsiella pneumoniae under xylose pressure: the growth adaptation, antimicrobial susceptibility, global proteomics analysis and role of XylA and XylB proteins. [Abstract]2025 Apr 29;25(1):257. PMID: 40301709 -
Aquat Toxicol
Antibacterials exert toxic effects on aquatic organisms by inhibiting respiration, inducing oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy. [Abstract]2025 Mar:280:107284. PMID: 39951902 -
iScience
2025 Nov 12;28(12):114030. PMID: 41377656 -
ACS Infect Dis
Toward a Bactericidal Oral Drug Combination for the Treatment of Mycobacterium abscessus Lung Disease. [Abstract]2025 Apr 1. PMID: 40168319 -
J Periodontol
Gingipain and oncostatin M synergistically disrupt kidney tight junctions in periodontitis-associated acute kidney injury. [Abstract]2024 Sep;95(9):867-879. PMID: 38963713 -
ACS Infect Dis
Lusutrombopag as a Repurposing Drug in Combination with Aminoglycosides against Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus. [Abstract]2024 Apr 12;10(4):1327-1338. PMID: 38567846 -
J Virol
Generation of HBV cccDNA using single-stranded M13 phage DNA for authentic minichromosome functionality. [Abstract]2026 May 14:e0003526. PMID: 42132423 -
Microbiol Spectr
The adaptive growth and mechanisms of Klebsiella pneumoniae under sucrose and glucose exposure. [Abstract]2025 Oct 16:e0160325. PMID: 41099518 -
Microbiol Spectr
2025 Aug 29:e0059025. PMID: 40879403 -
AMB Express
Repurposing pinaverium bromide against Staphylococcus and its biofilms with new mechanisms. [Abstract]2024 Dec 24;14(1):141. PMID: 39718732
Kanamycin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: AMB Express. 2024 Dec 24;14(1):141. [Abstract]
Combinational antimicrobial effects between PVB and conventional antibiotics against MRSA ATCC 43,300. TET, Tetracycline. DOX, Doxycycline. E, Erythromycin. AZI, Azithromycin. P, Penicillin. CAZ, Ceftazidime. AMP, Ampicillin. CEZ, Cefazolin. CEF, Cefotaxime. OXA, Oxacillin. CRO, Ceftriaxone. AMK, Amikacin. GEN, Gentamycin, KANA, Kanamycin. TOB, Tobramycin. SPC, Spectinomycin.
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J Sep Sci
Oriented Immobilization Coupled With Ligand Fishing Strategy for Rapid Discovery of Direct HMGB1 Inhibitors in Taxus wallichiana var. mairei. [Abstract]2026 Apr;49(4):e70402. PMID: 41906428 -
ACS Chem Biol
Investigate Natural Product Indolmycin and the Synthetically Improved Analogue Toward Antimycobacterial Agents. [Abstract]2022 Jan 21;17(1):39-53. PMID: 34908399 -
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Int J Med Microbiol
Antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacy of repurposing drug hexestrol against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. [Abstract]2023 Mar 28;313(2):151578. PMID: 37001448 -
Vet Res Commun
Biological characterization of lipoic acid- and heme-dependent Escherichia coli small colony variants isolated from sheep in Xinjiang, China. [Abstract]2024 Dec;48(6):3859-3872. PMID: 39325108 -
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Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro:
H2O : 70 mg/mL (144.48 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (297 KB)
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SDS (396 KB)
- English - EN (396 KB)
- Français - FR (396 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (396 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (396 KB)
- Español - ES (396 KB)
- Swedish - SV (396 KB)
- Italian - IT (396 KB)
- Korean - KR (396 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (396 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[2]. Peng B, et al. Exogenous alanine and/or glucose plus kanamycin kills antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Cell metabolism. 2015 Feb 03;21(2):249-262. [Content Brief]
[3]. Brezden A, et al. Dual Targeting of Intracellular Pathogenic Bacteria with a Cleavable Conjugate of Kanamycin and an Antibacterial Cell-Penetrating Peptide. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 2016 Aug 31;138(34):10945-9. [Content Brief]
[4]. Hawkins Jr JE. XLIX The Ototoxicity of Kanamycin. Annals of Otology, et al. 1959 Sep;68(3):698-715.
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O | 1 mM | 2.0640 mL | 10.3199 mL | 20.6398 mL | 51.5996 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4128 mL | 2.0640 mL | 4.1280 mL | 10.3199 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2064 mL | 1.0320 mL | 2.0640 mL | 5.1600 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1376 mL | 0.6880 mL | 1.3760 mL | 3.4400 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1032 mL | 0.5160 mL | 1.0320 mL | 2.5800 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0826 mL | 0.4128 mL | 0.8256 mL | 2.0640 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0688 mL | 0.3440 mL | 0.6880 mL | 1.7200 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0516 mL | 0.2580 mL | 0.5160 mL | 1.2900 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0413 mL | 0.2064 mL | 0.4128 mL | 1.0320 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0344 mL | 0.1720 mL | 0.3440 mL | 0.8600 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0258 mL | 0.1290 mL | 0.2580 mL | 0.6450 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0206 mL | 0.1032 mL | 0.2064 mL | 0.5160 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Kanamycin Related Classifications
HY-16566 Related Classifications
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