Solution

Intralipid 20% is a safe fat emulsion, composed of soybean oil (consisting of a mixture of long-chain triglycerides (C14-24) of predominantly unsaturated fatty acids), and egg phospholipids, can be used as a nutritional supplement. Intralipid 20% effectively inhibits the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, effectively protecting the heart from ischaemia-reperfusion injury and has some potential to modulate the innate immune response.

Sulodexide solution is a mixture of glycosaminoglycans that can be administered by injection. It is composed of low molecular weight heparin (80%) and dermatan sulfate (20%). Sulodexide exhibits antithrombotic activity through interaction with antithrombin III (AT III) and heparin cofactor II (HC II), and inhibition of thrombin formation. Sulodexide exhibits profibrinolytic activity through release of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Sulodexide exhibits endothelial protective and anti-inflammatory effect, ameliorates chronic venous disease.

Sodium lactate ringer's solution (Lactated ringer's solution (LRS)) is an isotonic crystal intravenous injection and arthroscopic irrigation solution containing racemic sodium lactate and electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, calcium and chloride (130 mEq sodium/L, 274 mOsm/L), which can be used as a cell integrity protectant. Sodium lactate ringer's solution maintains the integrity of human meniscus cells, ensures that they retain normal cell morphology, membrane regularity, size and density, and does not alter the mRNA expression levels of α1 (I) procollagen, α1 (II) procollagen, aggrecan or HSP70. Sodium lactate ringer's solution can be applied to studies related to extracellular fluid deficiency and meniscus tears.

Carboplatin solution is mainly composed of Carboplatin (HY-17393). Carboplatin (NSC 241240) is a DNA synthesis inhibitor which binds to DNA, inhibits replication and transcription and induces cell death. Carboplatin (NSC 241240) is a derivative of CDDP and a potent anti-cancer agent.

Busulfan solution is mainly composed of Busulfan (HY-B0245). Busulfan is a potent alkylating antineoplastic agent. Busulfan causes DNA damage by cross-linking DNAs and DNA and proteins. Busulfan inhibits thioredoxin reductase. Busulfan induces apoptosis. Busulfan is an immunosuppressive and myeloablative chemotherapeutic agent.

Plerixafor solution is mainly composed of Plerixafor (HY-10046). Plerixafor (AMD 3100) is a selective CXCR4 antagonist with an IC₅₀ of 44 nM. Plerixafor, an immunostimulant and a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) mobilizer, is an allosteric agonist of CXCR7. Plerixafor inhibits HIV-1 and HIV-2 replication with an EC₅₀ of 1-10 nM.

Itraconazole solution is mainly composed of Itraconazole (HY-17514). Itraconazole (R51211) is a triazole antifungal agent and a potent and orally active Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway antagonist with an IC₅₀ of ~800 nM. Itraconazole potently inhibits lanosterol 14α-demethylase (cytochrome P450 enzyme), thereby inhibits the oxidative conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol. Itraconazole has anticancer and antiangiogenic effects. Itraconazole is a oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP) inhibitor.

Edaravone solution is mainly composed of Edaravone (HY-B0099). Edaravone is a strong novel free radical scavenger, and inhibits MMP-9-related brain hemorrhage in rats treated with tissue plasminogen activator. Edaravone can improve the neurological symptoms, daily living activities and functional impairments caused by acute cerebral infarction.

Paclitaxel solution is mainly composed of Paclitaxel (HY-B0015). Paclitaxel is a naturally occurring antineoplastic agent and stabilizes tubulin polymerization. Paclitaxel can cause both mitotic arrest and apoptotic cell death. Paclitaxel also induces autophagy.

Nemonoxacin malate solution is mainly composed of Nemonoxacin malate hemihydrate (HY-14956A). Nemonoxacin (TG-873870) malate is a nonfluorinated quinolone antibiotic. Nemonoxacin malate has broad-spectrum activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative and atypical pathogens. Nemonoxacin malate can inhibit drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Nemonoxacin malate can be used for the research of community-acquired pneumonia.

Fulvestrant solution is mainly composed of Fulvestrant (HY-13636). Fulvestrant (ICI 182780) is a pure antiestrogen and a potent estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist with an IC₅₀ of 9.4 nM. Fulvestrant is also a GPR30 agonist. Fulvestrant effectively inhibits the growth of ER-positive MCF-7 cells with an IC₅₀ of 0.29 nM. Fulvestrant also induces autophagy and has antitumor efficacy.

Dexamethasone palmitate solution is mainly composed of Dexamethasone palmitate (HY-128922). Dexamethasone palmitate (DXP) is a proagent of Dexamethasone (HY-14648). Dexamethasone palmitate can be used for the research of inflammation.

Linezolid solution is mainly composed of Linezolid (HY-10394). Linezolid (PNU-100766) is the first member of the class of oxazolidinone synthetic antibiotic. Linezolid acts by inhibiting the initiation of bacterial protein synthesis. Linezolid is used for the treatment of serious infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria that are resistant to several other antibiotics.

Irinotecan hydrochloride solution is mainly composed of Irinotecan hydrochloride (HY-16562A). Irinotecan hydrochloride ((+)-Irinotecan hydrochloride) is a topoisomerase I inhibitor mainly used to treat colon cancer and rectal cancer.

Naloxone hydrochloride solution is mainly composed of Naloxone hydrochloride dihydrate (HY-17417B). Naloxone hydrochloride is an antagonist of Opioid receptor. Naloxone hydrochloride alleviates opioid-overdose-induced respiratory depression. Naloxone hydrochloride may cause pulmonary edema and cardiac arrhythmias.

Sulpiride solution is mainly composed of Sulpiride (HY-B1019). Sulpiride is an orally active dopamine D2/D3 receptor antagonist. Sulpiride is an atypical antipsychotic agent of the benzamide family. Sulpiride can be used in research into anxiety, depression and breast cancer.

Famotidine solution is mainly composed of Famotidine (HY-B0377). Famotidine (MK-208) is an orally active and highly selective histamine H2 receptor antagonist. It inhibits gastric acid secretion by blocking the Gs signaling pathway, and regulates intracellular cAMP and ERK pathways. Famotidine inhibits TLR3-mediated inflammatory pathways, and reduces the expression of various inflammatory mediators and interferon-related genes. Famotidine scavenges DPPH and nitric oxide free radicals, alleviates oxidative stress damage in gastric tissue, inhibits proMMP-9, improves vascular endothelial permeability, and restores the normal physiological functions of neutrophils and eosinophils. Famotidine crosses intestinal epithelial cells via facilitated diffusion and passive diffusion, blocks paracellular cation transport, and increases intestinal transepithelial electrical resistance. Famotidine reduces serum levels of transaminases and alkaline phosphatase, exerts analgesic effects and gastric protective effects simultaneously. Famotidine can be used in studies related to COVID-19, liver injury and acute gastric ulcer.

Metronidazole solution is mainly composed of Metronidazole (HY-B0318). Metronidazole is an orally active nitroimidazole antibiotic. Metronidazole can cross blood brain barrier. Metronidazole can be used for the research of anaerobic infections.

Paricalcitol solution is mainly composed of Paricalcitol (HY-50919). Paricalcitol, a vitamin D analogue, is a vitamin D receptor agonist, used for the prevention and treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism (excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone) associated with chronic renal failure.

Bumetanide solution is mainly composed of Bumetanide (HY-17468). Bumetanide (Ro 10-6338; PF 1593), a highly potent loop diuretic, is a Na⁺-K⁺-Cl⁺ cotransporter (NKCC) blocker. Bumetanide is a selective NKCC1 inhibitor, but also inhibits NKCC2, with IC₅₀s of 0.68 μM and 4.0 μM for hNKCC1A and hNKCC2A, respectively.