2. Immunology/Inflammation NF-κB Apoptosis
  3. Toll-like Receptor (TLR) NF-κB Caspase TNF Receptor Interleukin Related
  4. GlcNAc-MurNAc

GlcNAc-MurNAc, a disaccharide, is a TLR4 agonist with a Kd of 383 μM for murine TLR4. GlcNAc-MurNAc directly binds to TLR4 and activates its downstream NF-κB and IRF pathways. GlcNAc-MurNAc improves Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (HY-116282C)-induced colitis in mice through a TLR4-dependent mechanism. GlcNAc-MurNAc can be used for the study of inflammatory bowel disease.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

GlcNAc-MurNAc

GlcNAc-MurNAc Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 41137-10-4

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Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
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GlcNAc-MurNAc Related Antibodies

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Description

GlcNAc-MurNAc, a disaccharide, is a TLR4 agonist with a Kd of 383 μM for murine TLR4. GlcNAc-MurNAc directly binds to TLR4 and activates its downstream NF-κB and IRF pathways. GlcNAc-MurNAc improves Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (HY-116282C)-induced colitis in mice through a TLR4-dependent mechanism. GlcNAc-MurNAc can be used for the study of inflammatory bowel disease[1].

IC50 & Target[1]

TLR4

383 μM (Kd)

NF-κB

 

IL-6

 

IL-12

 

IL-1α

 

In Vitro

GlcNAc-MurNAc (GM) (1-8 mM, 24 h) is immunologically active via NOD-independent mechanisms in RAW264.7, BMDMs and THP-1 cells[1].
GlcNAc-MurNAc (4 mM, 24 h) depends on TLR4 to activate cellular immunity in WT bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs)[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

GlcNAc-MurNAc Related Antibodies

ELISA Assay[1]

Cell Line: RAW264.7, BMDMs and THP-1 cells
Concentration: 1, 2, 4 mM for RAW264.7 cells; 2, 4, 8 mM for BMDMs and THP-1 cells
Incubation Time: 24 h
Result: Upregulated expression and production of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6.
Appeared less potent monosaccharide M.
Suppressed TNF-α production in RAW264.7 cells with the addition of TAK-242, a selective TLR4 inhibitor.

RT-PCR[1]

Cell Line: WT and Tlr4-/- BMDMs
Concentration: 4 mM
Incubation Time: 24 h
Result: Significantly upregulated some cytokine and chemokine genes, including IL12a/b, IL6, IL1a/b, Csf3, Ccl5, and Cxcl1 in WT cells but failed in Tlr4-/- cells.
In Vivo

GlcNAc-MurNAc (GM) (10 mg/kg, i.p., once daily for 9 days) mitigates DSS-induced colitis in mice via TLR4-dependent mechanisms[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: DSS-induced colitis model established in 7-9 weeks WT and Tlr4-/- C57BL/6 J mice[1]
Dosage: 10 mg/kg
Administration: Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.), once daily for 9 days (2 days before the DDS water administration)
Result: Alleviated colitis in WT mice, as evidenced by reduced body weight loss and colonic shortening in WT group.
Significantly reduced monocytes and neutrophils, in the colonic lamina propria in WT group.
Suppressed colonic expressions of proinflammatory genes, such as Tnfa, IL1b, and Ccl2 in WT group.
Restored the elevation of inflammatory markers, including IL-6, IFN-β, IL-27, IL-10, and IL-23 in WT group.
Failed to prevent weight loss and colonic shortening in Tlr4-/- group.
Molecular Weight

496.46

Formula

C19H32N2O13
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

OC([C@@H](C)O[C@H]([C@H](C(O[C@@H]1CO)O)NC(C)=O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)CO)O)O)NC(C)=O)=O
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

-20°C, stored under nitrogen

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 50 mg/mL (100.71 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.0143 mL 10.0713 mL 20.1426 mL
5 mM 0.4029 mL 2.0143 mL 4.0285 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

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Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

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Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Purity & Documentation
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 2.0143 mL 10.0713 mL 20.1426 mL 50.3565 mL
5 mM 0.4029 mL 2.0143 mL 4.0285 mL 10.0713 mL
10 mM 0.2014 mL 1.0071 mL 2.0143 mL 5.0357 mL
15 mM 0.1343 mL 0.6714 mL 1.3428 mL 3.3571 mL
20 mM 0.1007 mL 0.5036 mL 1.0071 mL 2.5178 mL
25 mM 0.0806 mL 0.4029 mL 0.8057 mL 2.0143 mL
30 mM 0.0671 mL 0.3357 mL 0.6714 mL 1.6786 mL
40 mM 0.0504 mL 0.2518 mL 0.5036 mL 1.2589 mL
50 mM 0.0403 mL 0.2014 mL 0.4029 mL 1.0071 mL
60 mM 0.0336 mL 0.1679 mL 0.3357 mL 0.8393 mL
80 mM 0.0252 mL 0.1259 mL 0.2518 mL 0.6295 mL
100 mM 0.0201 mL 0.1007 mL 0.2014 mL 0.5036 mL
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GlcNAc-MurNAc Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

GlcNAc-MurNAc41137-10-4Toll-like Receptor (TLR)NF-κBCaspaseTNF ReceptorInterleukin RelatedNuclear factor-κBNuclear factor-kappaBTumor Necrosis Factor ReceptorTNFRILColitisGut microbiotaInflammatory bowel diseaseBone-marrow-derived macrophagesInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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