Caspase 9
Caspase 9 plays a central role in the mitochondrial, or intrinsic, apoptotic pathway, where cytochrome c release promotes apoptosome formation with Apaf-1 and procaspase-9[1]. Mechanistically, activated caspase 9 cleaves and activates effector caspases 3 and 7, linking mitochondrial dysfunction to proteolytic cell death execution[1][2]. In disease models, diminished Apaf-1 activity reduced cytochrome c-dependent caspase activation in ovarian cancer cell lines, while ischemic hippocampal neurons showed caspase 9 activation before neuronal death[2][3]. Compared with caspase 8 in the extrinsic pathway, caspase 9 primarily mediates the intrinsic route to caspase 3 activation in ischemic neurons and TNFR-mediated hepatocyte apoptosis[3][4]. For experimental applications, Apaf-1 ligands inhibited apoptosome-mediated procaspase-9 activation and reduced apoptotic phenotypes in mitochondrial apoptosis models[5].
References:
- [1]. Allan LA, et al. Apoptosis and autophagy: Regulation of caspase-9 by phosphorylation. FEBS J. 2009 Nov;276(21):6063-73. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Wolf BB, et al. Defective cytochrome c-dependent caspase activation in ovarian cancer cell lines due to diminished or absent apoptotic protease activating factor-1 activity. J Biol Chem. 2001 Sep 7;276(36):34244-51. [Content Brief]
- [3]. Cao G, et al. Cloning and characterization of rat caspase-9: implications for a role in mediating caspase-3 activation and hippocampal cell death after transient cerebral ischemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2002 May;22(5):534-46. [Content Brief]
- [4]. Imao M, et al. Differential caspase-9-dependent signaling pathway between tumor necrosis factor receptor- and Fas-mediated hepatocyte apoptosis in mice. Liver Int. 2006 Feb;26(1):137-46. [Content Brief]
- [5]. Malet G, et al. Small molecule inhibitors of Apaf-1-related caspase- 3/-9 activation that control mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis. Cell Death Differ. 2006 Sep;13(9):1523-32. [Content Brief]
-
Caspase 9 Related Products (197)
Related Products (197)
-
Antibodies (2)
-
Angelicin
0 ImagesAngelicin is a furanocoumarin compound that functions as an inhibitor of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antitumor activities. It suppresses the lytic replication of γ-herpesviruses, such as MHV-68, early during viral infection, potentially inhibiting RTA gene expression (IC50=28.95 μM). Angelicin also mitigates inflammation by inhibiting the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB, and the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK. Furthermore, it induces apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells by downregulating anti-apoptotic proteins like Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and Mcl-1, while activating caspase-9 and caspase-3.
-
Peiminine
0 ImagesSynonyms: Verticinone; RaddeaninePeiminine is a compound that can be isolated from Bolbostemma paniculatum (Maxim) Franquet (Cucurbitaceae family). Peiminine can induce apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells through both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. Peiminine has anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-osteoporosis, cardioprotective and other activities in many animal models.
-
Copper sulfate pentahydrate
0 ImagesCopper sulfate pentahydrate, 99% is a biochemical reagent. Copper sulfate pentahydrate, 99% reduces the production of ROS and the expression levels of MyD88 as well as c-Rel genes. Copper sulfate pentahydrate, 99% decreases the activities of T-SOD, CAT, and GSH, increases the activities of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9. Copper sulfate pentahydrate, 99% is cytotoxic to various cells. Copper sulfate pentahydrate, 99% has antioxidant activity. Copper sulfate pentahydrate, 99% can be used in the research of diabetes, Parkinson's disease and DMBA (HY-W011845)-induced tumors.
-
AGN 192403 hydrochloride
0 ImagesSynonyms: (+)-BRD4780AGN 192403 (BRD4780) hydrochloride is a potent and selective imidazoline-1 receptor antagonist with a Ki value of 42 nM. AGN 192403 hydrochloride is also a TMED9 inhibitor. AGN 192403 hydrochloride shows protective effects on oxidative cytotoxicity and mitochondrial inhibitor-induced cytotoxicity in astrocytes. AGN 192403 hydrochloride mitigates the proliferation and migration of differentiated glioma tumor cells. AGN 192403 hydrochloride can be used for glioma tumor and neurological diseases research.
-
Paris saponin VII
0 ImagesSynonyms: Chonglou Saponin VIIParis saponin VII (Chonglou Saponin VII) is a steroidal saponin isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Trillium tschonoskii. Paris saponin VII-induced apoptosis in K562/ADR cells is associated with Akt/MAPK and the inhibition of P-gp. Paris saponin VII attenuates mitochondrial membrane potential, increases the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, such as Bax and cytochrome c, and decreases the protein expression levels of Bcl-2, caspase-9, caspase-3, PARP-1, and p-Akt. Paris saponin VII induces a robust autophagy in K562/ADR cells and provides a biochemical basis in the treatment of leukemia.
-
Thiabendazole
0 ImagesSynonyms: Tiabendazole; 2-(4-Thiazolyl)benzimidazoleThiabendazole is an orally available benzimidazole fungicide with repellent and anticancer activities. Thiabendazole can result in developmental malformations. Thiabendazole can be used for modeling.
-
Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate
0 ImagesMagnesium acetate tetrahydrate is a carboxylic acid and short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs). Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate activates AMPK, increases ROS, cleaved caspase 9, PPARα, downregulates SREBP-1c, ChREBP expression. Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate exhibits antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae W303-1A. Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate regulates energy metabolism. Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate has anticancer activity against gastric cancer. Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate induces writhing reaction and ulcerative colitis. Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate can be used in the researches for gastric cancer, ulcerative colitis, hepatic steatosis, and pain.
-
N-Hydroxyphthalimide
0 ImagesN-Hydroxyphthalimide is a blocking agent and catalyst. N-Hydroxyphthalimide promotes oxidation reactions by generating PINO free radicals and activating hydrogen atom transfer processes. N-Hydroxyphthalimide reduces the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins Survivin and Bcl-xL and activates caspase 9 and caspase 3. N-Hydroxyphthalimide induces Apoptosis. N-Hydroxyphthalimide inhibits the phosphorylation of mTOR (Ser2448, Ser2481) and Akt (Ser473). N-Hydroxyphthalimide has anticancer effects against breast and colon cancer.
-
Corynoline
0 ImagesCorynoline is an orally active acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor with an IC50 of 30.6 μM. Corynoline exhibits multiple activities including anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antitumor and analgesic effects. Corynoline can be used in the research of diseases such as tumors and inflammatory pain.-
Triclabendazole
0 ImagesSynonyms: CGA89317Triclabendazole is an orally active parasite inhibitor. Triclabendazole has anti-Leishmania activity and induces gasdermin E (GSDME)-dependent pyroptosis by caspase-3 activation. Triclabendazole can be used for the research of fasciola hepatica.
-
8-Gingerol
0 Images8-Gingerol can be found in the rhizome of ginger (Z. officinale) and has oral bioactivity. It activates TRPV1, with an EC50 value of 5.0 µM. 8-Gingerol inhibits COX-2 and also suppresses the growth of H. pylori in vitro. Additionally, 8-Gingerol exhibits anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and modulating its downstream STAT3/ERK pathway to suppress the proliferation, migration, and invasion of colorectal cancer cells. 8-Gingerol also exerts immunosuppressive effects by inhibiting oxidative stress, inducing cell cycle arrest, promoting apoptosis, and regulating autophagy. Furthermore, 8-Gingerol has cardioprotective effects. 8-Gingerol is promising for research in the fields of cancer, infection, immunosuppression, and cardiovascular diseases.
-
Jolkinolide B
0 ImagesJolkinolide B is a bioactive diterpene isolated from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud with oral activity. Jolkinolide B downregulates XIAP, cIAP1, cIAP2, and phosphorylated Akt, upregulates Smac, activates caspase-3 and caspase-9, and inhibits NF-κB, TGFβ/smad3 and JAK/STAT3 pathways. Jolkinolide B exerts comprehensive biological effects including inducing cancer cell apoptosis, suppressing inflammatory responses, improving lung function, alleviating hepatic steatosis and eliminating intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Jolkinolide B can be used for the research of leukemia, histiocytic lymphoma, asthma, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and tuberculosis.
-
(±)-Naringenin
0 Images(±)-Naringenin is an orally available anti-inflammatory agent that can regulate both acute and chronic inflammation responses, while also showing antioxidant, neuroprotective, liver-protective, and anti-cancer effects. (±)-Naringenin promotes vasodilation in endothelial cells by activating BKCa channels in muscle cells. It also exerts protective effects against experimental colitis by inhibiting Toll-like receptor 4/NF-κB signaling, making it useful in studies related to sepsis, fulminant hepatitis, fibrosis, and cancer research.
-
Flavone
0 ImagesFlavone is an anti-tumor compound that targets cell cycle regulatory proteins (such as cyclin B1) and apoptosis-related factors (such as p21waf1, PIG3). Flavone selectively induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathways in tumor cells, inhibits cyclin B1 protein expression, upregulates p21waf1, and activates p63/p73 proteins. Flavone has immunomodulatory functions that enhance natural killer cell (NK cell) activity and lymphocyte proliferation. Flavone is used in cancer research, especially for its inhibitory potential in solid tumor models such as esophageal cancer and liver cancer.
-
Citicoline sodium
0 ImagesSynonyms: Cytidine diphosphate-choline sodium; CDP-Choline sodium; Cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine sodiumCiticoline sodium is an endogenous intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine which is a component of cell membranes. Citicoline sodium inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Citicoline sodium can be used for neurological disease and hearing loss study.
-
Parishin C
0 ImagesParishin C is a brain-penetrant major bioactive component found in Gastrodia elata Blume. Parishin C is a 5-HT1A receptor agonist with an EC50 of 34 nM. Parishin C has antipsychotic and neuroprotective effects. Parishin C protects against Aβ-induced long-term potentiation damage and NMDA receptor current impairment. Parishin C reduces oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, caspase activity, brain water content, and cerebral infarct volume; increases antioxidant enzyme activity and BDNF levels; improves nerve function and histopathological brain damage. Parishin C attenuates phencyclidine-induced immobility time increases, sociability deficits, and visual recognition memory impairment. Parishin C can be used for the research of ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and schizophrenia-like psychosis.
-
Hydroxyproline
0 ImagesSynonyms: DL-HydroxyprolineHydroxyproline (DL-Hydroxyproline) is a non-essential amino acid and one of the main components of collagenous tissues. Hydroxyproline acts as a substrate for mitochondrial hydroxyproline oxidase to generate ROS. Hydroxyproline promotes the synthesis of glutathione, DNA, heme and proteins via conversion to Glycine (HY-Y0966). Hydroxyproline promotes the activation of caspase-9 and apoptosis in cancer cells treated with Doxorubicin. Hydroxyproline serves as a biochemical marker. Hydroxyproline is used in research related to various diseases including colon cancer, diabetes and arthritis.
-
Caspase-9 Inhibitor III
0 ImagesSynonyms: Ac-LEHD-cmkCaspase-9 Inhibitor III (Ac-LEHD-cmk) is a caspase-9 inhibitor. Caspase-9 Inhibitor III exhibits protective effects on ischemia-reperfusion-induced myocardial injury.
-
Trifloxystrobin
0 ImagesSynonyms: CGA 279202
-
Stem bromelain
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-P2970CAS No.: 37189-34-7Stem bromelain (EC 3.4.22.32) is a cysteine protease and antibacterial agent. Stem bromelain can be isolated from the stem of the pineapple (Ananas comosus). Stem bromelain induces dose-dependent secretion of IL-12p70, and IL-6, induces Apoptosis, causes cleavage of full-length PARP protein, Caspase 3, and Caspase 9, increases Bax, and decreases Bcl-2. Stem bromelain possesses various fibrinolytic, antiedema, antithrombotic, and anti-inflammatory activities. Stem bromelain also exhibits in vivo antitumor and antileukemic activities, as well as antimetastatic effects. Stem bromelain has antimycobacterial activity. Stem bromelain provides protection against lead poisoning.
