PAM - peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase Gene

Also Known as PAL; PHM

Species: Homo sapiens

Gene Type: protein coding
Gene ID: 5066

About PAM

Cytogenetic location: 5q21.1 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 5:102,754,783-103,031,105 (from NCBI)

This gene has 32 transcripts (splice variants) and 208 orthologues. Broad expression in heart (RPKM 269.6), adrenal (RPKM 54.3) and 15 other tissues.

Summary

This gene encodes a multifunctional protein. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate the mature enzyme. This enzyme includes two domains with distinct catalytic activities, a peptidylglycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase (PHM) domain and a peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine alpha-amidating lyase (PAL) domain. These catalytic domains work sequentially to catalyze the conversion of neuroendocrine peptides to active alpha-amidated products. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes an isoform that is proteolytically processed. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

PAM Products (19)

mRNA Protein Name
NM_000919.4 NP_000910.2 peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase isoform a precursor
NM_001177306.2 NP_001170777.1 peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase isoform e preproprotein
NM_001319943.1 NP_001306872.1 peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase isoform f precursor
NM_001364582.2 NP_001351511.1 peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase isoform g precursor
NM_001364583.2 NP_001351512.1 peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase isoform h precursor
NM_001364584.2 NP_001351513.1 peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase isoform i precursor
NM_001364585.2 NP_001351514.1 peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase isoform j precursor
NM_001364586.2 NP_001351515.1 peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase isoform k precursor
NM_001364587.2 NP_001351516.1 peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase isoform l precursor
NM_001364588.2 NP_001351517.1 peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase isoform m precursor
NM_001364589.2 NP_001351518.1 peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase isoform n precursor
NM_001364590.2 NP_001351519.1 peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase isoform o
NM_001364591.2 NP_001351520.1 peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase isoform p precursor
NM_001364592.2 NP_001351521.1 peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase isoform q precursor
NM_001364593.2 NP_001351522.1 peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase isoform r precursor
NM_001364594.2 NP_001351523.1 peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase isoform s precursor
NM_138766.2 NP_620121.1 peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase isoform b precursor
NM_138821.2 NP_620176.1 peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase isoform c precursor
NM_138822.2 NP_620177.1 peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase isoform d precursor

Gene Ontology

  • Molecular Function
  • Biological Process
Molecular Function GO Annotation Evidence References Source
enables peptidylamidoglycolate lyase activity IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
12699694 GOA
enables peptidylglycine monooxygenase activity IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
2357221 GOA
enables zinc ion binding IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
12699694 GOA
Biological Process GO Annotation Evidence References Source
involved in peptide amidation IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
2357221 GOA
involved in response to zinc ion IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
12699694 GOA
EXP: Inferred from Experiment IDA: Inferred from direct assay IPI: Inferred from physical interaction IMP: Inferred from mutant phenotype IGI: Inferred from genetic interaction IEP: Inferred from expression pattern

PAM Protein Structure

Cu2_monooxygen

Cu2_monooxygen: Copper type II ascorbate-dependent monooxygenase, N-terminal domain (59 - 174)

Cu2_monoox_C

Cu2_monoox_C: Copper type II ascorbate-dependent monooxygenase, C-terminal domain (196 - 344)

NHL

NHL: NHL repeat (578 - 605)

NHL

NHL: NHL repeat (630 - 659)

NHL

NHL: NHL repeat (683 - 711)

NHL

NHL: NHL repeat (779 - 806)

  • 0
  • 200
  • 400
  • 600
  • 800
  • 973 a.a.
Protein Preferred Names Protein Names

peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase

  • pancreatic peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase

Recombinant PAM Proteins

Cat. No. Product Name Accession Purity
HY-P73731 PAM Protein, Human (HEK293, His) P19021-2/NP_620176.1 (F21-S866) ≥ 90%, as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.
HY-P73732 PAM Protein, Human (HEK293, Fc) P19021-2/NP_620176.1 (F21-V710) ≥ 95%, as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Related Diseases

Diseases Alias
Menkes Disease

  • Copper Transport Disease

  • Menkes Syndrome

  • MNK

  • Kinky Hair Disease

  • Steely Hair Disease

  • Menkes Kinky-Hair Syndrome

  • Mk

  • Steely Hair Syndrome

  • Menkea Syndrome

  • Md

  • Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome

  • Hypocupremia, Congenital

  • Kinky Hair Syndrome

  • X-Linked Copper Deficiency

  • Menkes Kinky Hair Disease
Spinal Muscular Atrophy, Distal, X-Linked 3

  • SMAX3

  • Dsmax

  • X-Linked Distal Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 3

  • X-Linked Distal Spinal Muscular Atrophy 3

  • Atp7a-Related Distal Motor Neuropathy

  • X-Linked Dhmn3

  • X-Linked Distal Hereditary Motor Neuropathy Type 3

  • X-Linked Dsma3

  • Spinal Muscular Atrophy, Distal, X-Linked Recessive

  • X-Linked Recessive Distal Spinal Muscular Atrophy

  • Distal Spinal Muscular Atrophy, X-Linked, 3

  • DSMAX3

  • Spinal Muscular Atrophy Distal X-Linked Recessive

  • Atrophy, Muscular, Spinal, Distal, X-Linked, Type 3
Schizophrenia 1

  • SCZD1

  • Schizophrenia Susceptibility Locus, Chromosome 5-Related

  • Schizophrenia 1 With Or Without An Affective Disorder
Copper Deficiency Myelopathy

  • Swayback

  • Human Swayback
Occipital Horn Syndrome

  • OHS

  • Eds Ix

  • Cutis Laxa X-Linked

  • Cutis Laxa, X-Linked

  • Cutis Laxa, X-Linked, Formerly

  • Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, Occipital Horn Type, Formerly

  • Eds Ix, Formerly

  • Eds9, Formerly

  • Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Type 9

  • Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Type Ix

  • X-Linked Cutis Laxa

  • Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, Occipital Horn Type

  • Eds9

  • Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Occipital Horn Type
Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome

  • Postpolio Syndrome

  • Post-Polio Syndrome

  • Post Polio Syndrome

  • Polio Late Effects

  • Post-Polio Muscular Atrophy

  • Post-Polio Sequelae

  • Post-Poliomyelitic Syndrome

  • Postpolio Sequelae

  • Postpoliomyelitic Syndrome

  • Postpoliomyelitis Sequelae
Mental Retardation, Enteropathy, Deafness, Peripheral Neuropathy, Ichthyosis, And Keratoderma

  • Mednik Syndrome

  • Erythrokeratodermia Variabilis 3

  • MEDNIK

  • Ekv3

  • Erythrokeratodermia Variabilis, Kamouraska Type

  • Mental Retardation, Enteropathy, Deafness, Neuropathy, Ichthyosis, Keratodermia

  • Intellectual Disability-Enteropathy-Deafness-Peripheral Neuropathy-Ichthyosis-Keratodermia Syndrome

  • Intellectual Disability-Enteropathy-Hearing Loss-Peripheral Neuropathy-Ichthyosis-Keratodermia Syndrome

  • Intellectual Disability, Enteropathy, Deafness, Peripheral Neuropathy, Ichthyosis, And Keratoderma

  • Erythrokeratodermia Variabilis Kamouraska Type

  • Mental Retardation, Enteropathy, Deafness, Peripheral Neuropathy, Ichthyosis, Keratoderma
Hypoascorbemia

  • Scurvy

  • Ascorbic Acid Deficiency

  • Vitamin C Deficiency

  • Vitamin C, Inability To Synthesize

  • Deficiency Of Vitamin C

  • Scorbutus

  • Vitamin C
Aceruloplasminemia

  • Cerebellar Ataxia

  • Hypoceruloplasminemia

  • Hemosiderosis, Systemic, Due To Aceruloplasminemia

  • Familial Apoceruloplasmin Deficiency

  • Hereditary Ceruloplasmin Deficiency

  • Deficiency Of Ferroxidase

  • Hypoceruloplasminemia, Hereditary

  • Ceruloplasmin Deficiency

  • Systemic Hemosiderosis Due To Aceruloplasminemia

  • ACERULOP
Diseases Alias
Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia

Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia

Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia

Macroglobulinemia Of Waldenstrom

Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma With Igm Gammopathy

Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma

Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia

Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia

Macroglobulinemia Of Waldenstrom

Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma With Igm Gammopathy

Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma

Related Agents

  • Approval
  • Clinical Phase
  • Pre-clinical Phase

Approval

Bioactive Molecules (6)
Cat. No. Product Name Effect
Purity Rare Diseases
HY-A0106 Levamisole 99.97% Yes
HY-B0288B Fenoprofen Calcium hydrate 99.52% Unkown
HY-B1200 Pralidoxime chloride Activator 99.98% Unkown
HY-B1456A Fenoprofen 99.70% Unkown
HY-B0288A Fenoprofen Calcium / Unkown
HY-B0288BR Fenoprofen Calcium hydrate (Standard) / Unkown

Clinical Phase

Bioactive Molecules (8)
Cat. No. Product Name Effect
Purity Phase
HY-111052 AZD7325 99.95% Phase 2
HY-120874 Darigabat Activator 99.29% Phase 2
HY-128770 LY3154207 Agonist 98.06% Phase 2
HY-132806 Alogabat Agonist 99.93% Phase 2
HY-108703 Foliglurax Agonist / Phase 2
HY-173251S ENX-101 Modulator / Phase 2
HY-173396 VU0467319 Modulator 98.53% Phase 1
HY-144291 LY3154885 Agonist / Phase 1

Pre-clinical Phase

Bioactive Molecules (179)
Cat. No. Product Name
Effect
Purity
Rare Diseases
HY-P1180A Pam3CSK4 TFA Agonist 99.89% Unkown
HY-108471 CU-CPT22 Inhibitor ≥99.0% Unkown
HY-112146 MMG-11 Antagonist 99.24% Unkown
HY-115467 MitoBloCK-10 98.99% Unkown
HY-110279 Ogerin Modulator 99.94% Unkown
HY-113320 Etiocholanolone Modulator 99.49% Unkown
HY-P1181A Pam2CSK4 TFA 99.46% Unkown
HY-13058 ADX-47273 Agonist 99.34% Unkown
HY-W015464 N-Isovaleroylglycine 99.86% Unkown
HY-108703A Foliglurax monohydrochloride Agonist 98.57% Yes
HY-120023 VU0453595 Agonist 99.90% Unkown
HY-N0754 Eupalinolide A 99.92% Unkown
HY-I0673 Flucofuron Inducer 99.75% Unkown
HY-100605 VU0483605 Modulator 97.30% Unkown
HY-116819 VU0453379 Modulator 98.0% Unkown
HY-113346 Tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone Agonist 99.45% Unkown
HY-129086 BPAM344 Agonist 99.66% Unkown
HY-W115727B Polyacrylamide,Anion,Mw 18 million ≥98.0% Unkown
HY-103475 GS39783 Agonist 99.80% Unkown
HY-W115727A Polyacrylamide,Anion,Mw 14-16 million / Unkown
HY-120613 BMS-986187 Activator 99.66% Unkown
HY-169329 BIO-2007817 Modulator 99.35% Unkown
HY-122255 LY487379 Inhibitor 98.92% Unkown
HY-112146A MMG-11 quarterhydrate Antagonist 98.74% Unkown
HY-122819 Calindol hydrochloride Agonist 99.64% Unkown
HY-14612 CPPHA Modulator 98.06% Unkown
HY-114933 VU0119498 Modulator 98.76% Unkown
HY-120530 JNJ-46281222 Inhibitor 98.77% Unkown
HY-12158 VU0238441 Activator 99.87% Unkown
HY-121806 VU0486846 Modulator 99.50% Unkown
HY-12439 ML380 Agonist 99.87% Unkown
HY-149453 MCUF-651 Modulator 99.85% Unkown
HY-100588 VU0364770 Agonist 99.94% Unkown
HY-124372 JNJ-46356479 Modulator 99.77% Unkown
HY-124821 VA012 Modulator 99.34% Unkown
HY-126327A UNC4976 TFA Antagonist 95.59% Unkown
HY-131004 CB2R PAM Agonist 98.09% Unkown
HY-136190 TRPC6-PAM-C20 Agonist 99.78% Unkown
HY-143312E (S)-V-0219 hydrochloride Modulator 99.71% Unkown
HY-14417 VU0155041 Agonist 99.10% Unkown
HY-156331 VU6004909 Activator 99.40% Unkown
HY-113346S Tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone-d3 Agonist 99.53% Unkown
HY-W141789 Pam3-Cys-OH 99.91% Unkown
HY-101841 LY 2033298 Activator 99.87% Unkown
HY-108340 PF-06767832 Agonist 98.53% Unkown
HY-116463 E1R Agonist 99.83% Unkown
HY-117851 AC-265347 Agonist 99.97% Unkown
HY-124419 RO0711401 Agonist 99.35% Unkown
HY-141515 BMS-986121 Modulator 99.96% Unkown
HY-143312D (R)-V-0219 hydrochloride Modulator 98.92% Unkown
HY-148867 UCM-1306 Modulator 99.49% Unkown
HY-165613 Pam2Cys 99.82% Unkown
HY-107423 GNE 6901 Agonist 99.31% Unkown
HY-114978 VU0424465 Agonist 99.84% Unkown
HY-117408 VU6004256 Modulator 99.61% Unkown
HY-118179 VU0486321 Agonist 99.30% Unkown
HY-119226 VU0152099 Agonist 98.39% Unkown
HY-120184 VU0467485 Agonist 99.29% Unkown
HY-126327 UNC4976 Antagonist / Unkown
HY-139044 VU6000918 Activator 99.92% Unkown
HY-14418 VU0361737 Agonist 99.65% Unkown
HY-14419 TCN238 Modulator 99.57% Unkown
HY-162454 DA-023 Modulator 98.01% Unkown
HY-RS10011 PAM Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A Pre-designed Set / Unkown
HY-11048 NS11394 Modulator 99.77% Unkown
HY-W115727E Polyacrylamide,average Mn 150000 / Unkown
HY-W338852 Gentisuric acid 99.65% Unkown
HY-100588A VU0364770 hydrochloride Agonist 99.63% Unkown
HY-103571 VU0285683 Antagonist 99.76% Unkown
HY-107504 VU0360172 hydrochloride Agonist 98.94% Unkown
HY-113689 GAT211 Agonist 99.96% Unkown
HY-114863 PHCCC(4Me) Modulator 99.99% Unkown
HY-116819A VU0453379 hydrochloride Modulator 99.0% Unkown
HY-116855 TASP0433864 Modulator 99.9% Unkown
HY-118416 BMS-986124 Antagonist 99.00% Unkown
HY-119078 VU0080241 Modulator 99.69% Unkown
HY-137204 COR659 Activator 99.94% Unkown
HY-16951 VU-1545 Agonist 99.00% Unkown
HY-175504 MLS6357 Antagonist 99.57% Unkown
HY-P1180 Pam3CSK4 Agonist / Unkown
HY-P1405A Pam3CSK4-Biotin TFA Agonist 98.02% Unkown
HY-P5352 Hyaluronan-IN-1 Inhibitor 99.84% Unkown
HY-113320S Etiocholanolone-d5 Modulator 99.20% Unkown
HY-12149 A-867744 Agonist 99.76% Unkown
HY-121600 GAT229 Modulator 99.8% Unkown
HY-15393 VU 0357121 Agonist 99.73% Unkown
HY-112814 VU6001376 / Unkown
HY-128584 VU6005806 Agonist / Unkown
HY-103497 U-89843A hydrochloride Activator / Unkown
HY-103552 LY487379 hydrochloride Modulator / Unkown
HY-107506 Ro 67-4853 Agonist 99.90% Unkown
HY-113320S1 Etiocholanolone-d2 Modulator / Unkown
HY-113608 VCP171 Modulator 99.18% Unkown
HY-116149 A-424274 Agonist / Unkown
HY-116463A (2R,3S)-E1R Agonist 98.84% Unkown
HY-116463B (2S,3S)-E1R Agonist 98.57% Unkown
HY-116463C (2R,3R)-E1R Agonist 99.70% Unkown
HY-116463D (Rac)-E1R Agonist 98.48% Unkown
HY-118022 VU0361747 / Unkown
HY-118256 LSN2814617 Modulator / Unkown
HY-119363 VU6009453 Agonist / Unkown
HY-120004 PF-06827443 / Unkown
HY-120576 ML169 Modulator / Unkown
HY-120727 VU0364289 Activator 99.52% Unkown
HY-124112 PAM 1392 Inhibitor / Unkown
HY-128783 VU0090157 Modulator / Unkown
HY-129431 U-89843A Activator 99.26% Unkown
HY-131196 M3 mAChR agonist 1 Agonist / Unkown
HY-134912 CMPPE Modulator / Unkown
HY-136258 nAChR agonist CMPI hydrochloride Agonist / Unkown
HY-136327 Phenylacetic acid mustard Inhibitor / Unkown
HY-143312B (R)-V-0219 Modulator / Unkown
HY-143312C (S)-V-0219 Modulator / Unkown
HY-14417B VU0155041 sodium Agonist / Unkown
HY-147421 Xilmenolone Modulator / Unkown
HY-149975 AMPA receptor modulator-4 Activator / Unkown
HY-151899 A3AR modulator 1 Agonist / Unkown
HY-155628 AMPA receptor modulator-6 Modulator / Unkown
HY-159177 M4 mAChR Modulator-1 Modulator / Unkown
HY-159624 KK-92A Modulator / Unkown
HY-160529 α7 nAChR Modulator-2 Modulator / Unkown
HY-161810 MRS8247 Modulator / Unkown
HY-162662 VU6008677 / Unkown
HY-167922S Heptadecanoyl L-carnitine-d3 HCl / Unkown
HY-168025 VU6007496 Modulator / Unkown
HY-169247 Pam2CS-DMAPA / Unkown
HY-170499 VU6024578 Agonist / Unkown
HY-170903 GABAA receptor modulator-3 Agonist / Unkown
HY-171981 VU6002703 Modulator / Unkown
HY-172981 CTW0404 Modulator / Unkown
HY-172982 CTW0419 Modulator / Unkown
HY-173032 VU6033685 Agonist / Unkown
HY-175505 Dopamine D3 receptor antagonist-3 Antagonist / Unkown
HY-175508 NMDA receptor modulator 9 Agonist / Unkown
HY-175532 M4 mAChR Modulator-2 Activator / Unkown
HY-175670 GABAA receptor modulator-10 Agonist / Unkown
HY-178153 BPAM363 Modulator / Unkown
HY-178783 MRS8454 Modulator / Unkown
HY-179240 UNC9815 Modulator / Unkown
HY-179621 EQ-04 / Unkown
HY-180400 PAM-2 / Unkown
HY-181956 MPAM-15 Modulator / Unkown
HY-182450 WX-293 Inhibitor / Unkown
HY-184475 VU6053371 Modulator / Unkown
HY-184478 GABAA receptor modulator-14 Modulator / Unkown
HY-185007 LI-633 Agonist / Unkown
HY-18679 TC-N 22A Agonist / Unkown
HY-19623 VU0092273 Agonist 99.51% Unkown
HY-B1456AS Fenoprofen-13C6 sodium hydrate / Unkown
HY-P1180B Pam3CSK4 trihydrochloride / Unkown
HY-P1181 Pam2CSK4 / Unkown
HY-P1405 Pam3CSK4-Biotin Agonist / Unkown
HY-P4802 Pam3-Cys-Ala-Gly Inhibitor / Unkown
HY-RS08881 MYCBP2 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A Pre-designed Set / Unkown
HY-RS10012 PAM16 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A Pre-designed Set / Unkown
HY-W015464R N-Isovaleroylglycine (Standard) / Unkown
HY-W015464S N-Isovalerylglycine-d9 99.0% Unkown
HY-W015464S1 N-Isovaleroylglycine-d2 / Unkown
HY-W777503 Calindol hydrochloride-13C,D2 / Unkown
HY-103535 GBLD345 Agonist / Unkown
HY-111332 (E)-PHCCC Modulator / Unkown
HY-117611 GAT107 Modulator / Unkown
HY-119772 VU0366369 Modulator / Unkown
HY-122164 LY-503430 Agonist / Unkown
HY-123667 NCFP Modulator / Unkown
HY-123934 VU6007477 Modulator / Unkown
HY-129517 UBP714 Agonist / Unkown
HY-155467 MRS7935 Modulator / Unkown
HY-161113 Z8554052021 Activator / Unkown
HY-161118 MB327 / Unkown
HY-167922 (R,R,S)-GAT107 / Unkown
HY-173356 Antiparasitic agent-26 Inhibitor / Unkown
HY-RS16569 Pam Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A Pre-designed Set / Unkown
HY-RS19468 Pam16 Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A Pre-designed Set / Unkown
HY-RS21160 Mycbp2 Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A Pre-designed Set / Unkown
HY-RS23002 Pam Rat Pre-designed siRNA Set A Pre-designed Set / Unkown
HY-RS25961 Pam16 Rat Pre-designed siRNA Set A Pre-designed Set / Unkown
HY-RS27676 Mycbp2 Rat Pre-designed siRNA Set A Pre-designed Set / Unkown
HY-W115727D Polyacrylamide,average Mn 40000 / Unkown

Orthologs Information

Species Symbol Source ID
Rattus norvegicus PAM RGD RGD:3252
Bos taurus PAM VGNC VGNC:32561
Macaca mulatta PAM VGNC VGNC:75752
Mus musculus PAM MGD MGI:97475
Canis familiaris PAM VGNC VGNC:44250
Felis catus PAM VGNC VGNC:68690
Others PAM NCBI