Topics

ER Stress: From Cellular Surveillance to Disease Pathogenesis

Proteostasis Unfolded Protein Response

Proteostasis is the basis of cell survival. As the primary site of protein synthesis and processing in eukaryotes, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) highly selectively monitors the entry of various incorrectly folded proteins (including misfolded and unfolded proteins) into the cell surface. The machinery responsible for maintaining proteostasis includes molecular chaperones (such as BiP/Grp78 and Grp94), ATPases, and two major proteolytic systems: the ubiquitin-proteasome system and the autophagy-lysosome system. Misfolded proteins generated under stress conditions can be eliminated via the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway. This process involves several key steps: substrate recognition by molecular chaperones and lectins within the ER lumen; subsequent dislocation across the ER membrane, a process driven by the VCP/p97 complex; polyubiquitination by specific E3 ubiquitin ligases in the cytosol; and final degradation by the 26S proteasome. Alternatively, aggregates of misfolded proteins or damaged ER fragments can be transported into the lysosome for degradation via autophagic pathways, including chaperone-mediated autophagy, microautophagy, and macroautophagy[1].

When these proteins accumulate excessively in the ER, they disrupt the ER function, causing endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and triggering the unfolded protein response (UPR) to reduce the burden on the ER and restore ER homeostasis. The UPR is regulated by three ER sensors: inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). They remain inactive when bound by the ER chaperone BiP (Grp78) but are activated upon BiP dissociation which initiates the UPR. Typical target genes of UPR can be correlated with protein folding, ER-associated degradation (ERAD), oxidative stress, autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, and metabolic pathways, with their induction varying by different tissues[2].

However, the pathological impairment or excessive activation of ER stress induces protein synthesis inhibition, regulation of gene expression and cell fate decisions like apoptosis, triggering diseases in multiple fields, including metabolic, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular and inflammatory disorders as well as cancers.

Current therapeutic strategies for ERS include chemotherapy, natural compound therapy, stem cell therapy, and gene therapy. The chemical chaperones 4-Phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) and Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid (TUDCA) improve protein folding ability. The natural compounds such as L-glutamine and glycine can reduce ERS-induced intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis. Moreover, the berberine and curcumin have great potential to inhibit excessive ERS. In the future, iPSCs, MSCs, and their exosomes are promising for reducing ERS through leverage precise homing. Furthermore, gene editing technologies like CRISPR/Cas9 and RNA splicing technology may be used to repair and alter ERS-related genes like XBP1 and IRE1, providing a fundamental solution to genetic diseases[3][4].

Articles

All
  • All
  • Scientific Reviews
  • EDM
  • Blog
Most Recent
  • Most Recent
  • Oldest

Products

All
  • All
  • Inhibitors & Agonists
  • Isotope-Labeled Compounds
  • Peptides
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Antibodies
  • Screening Libraries
  • Inhibitory Antibodies
  • Reference Standards
  • GMP Small Molecules
  • Biochemical Assay Reagents
  • Natural Products
Cat. No. Product Name Information Application Publication
HY-12041 SP600125
SP600125 is an orally active, reversible, and ATP-competitive JNK inhibitor with IC50s of 40, 40 and 90 nM for JNK1, JNK2 and JNK3, respectively. SP600125 is a potent ferroptosis inhibitor. SP600125 induces the transformation of bladder cancer cells from autophagy to apoptosis.
JNK   Autophagy   Apoptosis   Ferroptosis  
Cancer   Digestive System Disease   Depression   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation   Parkinson's Disease   Obesity   Lung Fibrosis  
627
HY-A0098 Tunicamycin
Tunicamycin is a mixture of homologous nucleoside antibiotic that inhibits N-linked glycosylation and blocks GlcNAc phosphotransferase (GPT). Tunicamycin causes accumulation of unfolded proteins in cell endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and induces ER stress, and causes blocking of DNA synthesis and cell cycle arrest in G1 phase. Tunicamycin inhibits gram-positive bacteria, yeasts, fungi, and viruses and has anti-cancer activity.Tunicamycin increases exosome release in cervical cancer cells.

Source: Streptomyces lysosuperficus

Antibiotic   Bacterial   Fungal   Exosomes   Influenza Virus   Aminotransferases (Transaminases)  
Cancer   Infection   Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
180
HY-18982 Anisomycin
Anisomycin is a potent protein synthesis inhibitor which interferes with protein and DNA synthesis by inhibiting peptidyl transferase or the 80S ribosome system. Anisomycin is a JNK activator, which increases phospho-JNK. Anisomycin is a bacterial antibiotic.

Source: Streptomyces griseolus

DNA/RNA Synthesis   JNK   Bacterial   Apoptosis   Antibiotic   Parasite  
Cancer   Digestive System Disease   Bacterial Infection   Parasitic Infection   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation  
162
HY-13433 Thapsigargin
Thapsigargin, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inducer, is an inhibitor of microsomal Ca2+-ATPase. Thapsigargin efficiently inhibits coronavirus (HCoV-229E, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2) replication in different cell types.
Calcium Channel   SARS-CoV   Apoptosis  
Cancer   Infection  
158
HY-B0075 Melatonin
Melatonin is a hormone made by the pineal gland that can activate melatonin receptor and inhibit PANoptosis. Melatonin plays a role in sleep and possesses important antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Melatonin is a novel selective ATF-6 inhibitor and induces human hepatoma cell apoptosis through COX-2 downregulation. Melatonin attenuates palmitic acid-induced (HY-N0830) mouse granulosa cells apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Melatonin Receptor   Autophagy   Mitophagy   Endogenous Metabolite   Apoptosis   PANoptosis   Ligands for Target Protein for PROTAC   Histone Acetyltransferase  
Lung Cancer   Breast Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Viral Infection   Neurodegenerative Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   SARS-CoV-2 Infection  
149
HY-18072 GSK2606414
GSK2606414 is a cell-permeable and orally available protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum (ER) kinase (PERK) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.4 nM.
PERK   Autophagy   Apoptosis  
Cancer   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation  
135
HY-N0830B Palmitic acid sodium
Palmitic acid sodium is a long-chain saturated fatty acid commonly found in both animals and plants. Palmitic acid sodium can induce the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in in mouse granulosa cells. Palmitic acid sodium is used to establish a cell steatosis model .

Source: Widespread

Environmental Pollutants   HSP   Endogenous Metabolite  
Cancer  
122
HY-N0830 Palmitic acid
Palmitic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid commonly found in both animals and plants. PA can induce the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in in mouse granulosa cells. Palmitic acid is used to establish a cell steatosis model.

Source: Widespread

Environmental Pollutants   HSP   Endogenous Metabolite  
Cancer   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
122
HY-19696A Tauroursodeoxycholate sodium
Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid; TUDCA) sodium is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK.
ERK   Caspase   Apoptosis   Endogenous Metabolite  
Colorectal Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Viral Infection   Neurodegenerative Disease   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation   Obesity  
111
HY-19696 Tauroursodeoxycholate
Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid) is an orally active endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK.
ERK   Caspase   Endogenous Metabolite   Apoptosis  
Colorectal Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Viral Infection   Neurodegenerative Disease   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation   Glucose Metabolism   Obesity  
111
HY-L054 Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Compound Library
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contributes to the production and folding of approximately one third of cellular proteins, and is thus inextricably linked to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and the fine balance between health and disease. However, some adverse factors negatively impact ER functions and protein synthesis, resulting in the activation of Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress, ERS) and unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathways. The UPR is triggered when ER protein folding capacity is overwhelmed by cellular demand and the UPR initially aims to restore ER homeostasis and normal cellular functions. However, if this fails, then the UPR triggers cell death. Chronic ER stress and defects in UPR signaling are emerging as key contributors to a growing list of human diseases, including diabetes, neurodegeneration and cancer. MCE Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Compound Library contains 379 ER stress-related compounds that mainly target PERK, IRE1, ATF6, etc. MCE ER stress library is a useful tool for researching ER stress and related diseases.

Signaling Pathway Targeting Libraries

85
HY-19707 4μ8C
4μ8C (IRE1 Inhibitor III) is a small-molecule inhibitor of IRE1α.
IRE1  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
74
HY-13820 GSK2656157
GSK2656157 is a selective and ATP-competitive inhibitor of protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) with an IC50 of 0.9 nM.
PERK   Autophagy   Apoptosis  
Cancer   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation  
67
HY-13319 JNK-IN-8
JNK-IN-8 (JNK Inhibitor XVI) is a potent JNK inhibitor with IC50s of 4.7 nM, 18.7 nM, and 1 nM for JNK1, JNK2, and JNK3, respectively.
JNK  
Cancer   Depression   Pain   Parkinson's Disease   Obesity   Lung Fibrosis  
59
HY-12861 CB-5083
CB-5083 is a first-in-class, potent, selective, and orally bioavailable inhibitor of the p97 AAA ATPase/VCP. CB-5083 selectively inhibits p97 through its D2 site with the IC50 of 11 nM.
p97  
Cancer   Viral Infection  
54
HY-15845 STF-083010
STF-083010 is a specific IRE1α inhibitor. STF-083010 inhibits Ire1 endonuclease activity, without affecting its kinase activity, after endoplasmic reticulum stress.
IRE1  
Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer  
53
HY-N0431 Astragaloside IV
Astragaloside IV, an active component isolated from Astragalus membranaceus, suppresses the activation of ERK1/2 and JNK, and downregulates matrix metalloproteases (MMP)-2, (MMP)-9 in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.
MMP   ERK   JNK  
Lung Cancer   Breast Cancer   Colorectal Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Pancreatic Cancer   Depression   Pain   Parkinson's Disease   Obesity   Lung Fibrosis   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
43
HY-13814 PR-619
PR-619 is a broad-range and reversible DUB inhibitor with EC50s of 3.93, 4.9, 6.86, 7.2, and 8.61 μM for USP4, USP8, USP7, USP2, and USP5, respectively. PR-619 induces ER Stress and ER-Stress related apoptosis.
Deubiquitinase   Autophagy   Apoptosis  
Cancer   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation  
40
HY-108434 Ceapin-A7
Ceapin-A7 is a selective blocker of ATF6α signaling in response to ER stress, with an IC50 of 0.59 μM. Ceapin-A7 can be used to explore both the mechanism of activation of ATF6α and its role in pathological settings.
ATF6  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
28
HY-15417 ML-7 hydrochloride
ML-7 hydrochloride is a selective and highly specific myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) inhibitor that acts as a trabecular meshwork (TM) relaxant. ML-7 hydrochloride enhances Quinocetone (HY-123581)-induced phosphorylation of ERK, p38 MAPK and JNK, attenuates Akt activation, and promotes apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. ML-7 hydrochloride reduces Th2 cytokine secretion by inhibiting MLCK, while alleviating smooth muscle hyperplasia and collagen deposition. As a non-antibiotic adjuvant, ML-7 hydrochloride restores the sensitivity of drug-resistant bacteria to Tigecycline (HY-B0117). ML-7 hydrochloride can be used in research related to glaucoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, asthma, and Klebsiella pneumoniae infection.
Myosin   ERK   JNK   p38 MAPK   Akt   Apoptosis   Bacterial  
Bacterial Infection   Hepatitis B Virus Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma   Glaucoma   Asthma  
25
HY-15713 NMS-873
NMS-873 is a potent, selective allosteric VCP/p97 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 30 nM.
p97  
Cancer   Viral Infection  
19
HY-B0239 Chloramphenicol
Chloramphenicol is an orally active, potent and broad-spectrum antibiotic. Chloramphenicol shows antibacterial activity. Chloramphenicol represses the oxygen-labile transcription factor and hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) in hypoxic A549 and H1299 cells. Chloramphenicol suppresses the mRNA levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and glucose transporter 1, eventually decreasing VEGF release. Chloramphenicol can be used for anaerobic infections and lung cancer research.

Source: Streptomyces venezuelae

Antibiotic   Bacterial   HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase   VEGFR   Autophagy   Apoptosis   Beclin1   JNK   Akt   MMP  
Infection   Respiratory Disease   Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer  
19
HY-B1272 Desipramine hydrochloride
Desipramine hydrochloride is a first-generation tricyclic antidepressant. Desipramine hydrochloride selectively binds to norepinephrine transporter and blocks neuronal norepinephrine reuptake. Desipramine hydrochloride activates MAPK signaling via ERK1/2, JNK, and p38, represses NF-κB and AP-1 activity, and induces apoptosis via ROS elevation, mitochondrial membrane potential reduction, and intracellular calcium increase. Desipramine hydrochloride also shows anyi-inflammatory activity, inhibiting TNF-α production. Desipramine hydrochloride can be used for the research of hepatocellular cancer, inflammation, and neurological diseases.
Adrenergic Receptor   ERK   JNK   p38 MAPK   NF-κB   AP-1   Apoptosis   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Mitochondrial Metabolism   TNF Receptor  
Cancer   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Depression  
18
HY-19332 Kifunensine
Kifunensine, a potent and selective inhibitor of class I α-mannosidases isolated from Actinomycete, prevents α-mannosidases I from trimming mannose residues on glycoproteins. Kifunensine inhibits ERAD.

Source: actinomycete

Glycosidase  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
17
HY-N0120A Polydatin
Polydatin (Piceid), extracted from the roots of Reynoutria japonica, a widely used traditional Chinese remedies, possesses anti-inflammatory activity in several experimental models. Polydatin (Piceid) inhibits G6PD and induces oxidative and ER stresses.
Autophagy   Apoptosis   Mitophagy  
Cancer   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   SARS-CoV-2 Infection  
16
HY-110078 Eeyarestatin I
Eeyarestatin I, a potent endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation (ERAD) inhibitor, is a potent protein translocation inhibitor. Eeyarestatin I inhibits Sec61 translocon. Eeyarestatin I targets the p97-associated deubiquitinating process (PAD) and inhibits atx3-dependent deubiquitination. Eeyarestatin I interferes at a step prior to proteasomal degradation. Eeyarestatin I induces cell death via the proapoptotic protein NOXA and has anticancer effects.
p97   Apoptosis  
Cancer   Digestive System Disease   Viral Infection   Digestive System Inflammation  
16
HY-139214 IXA4
IXA4 is a highly selective, non-toxic IRE1/XBP1s activator. IXA4 activates IRE1/XBP1s signaling without globally activating the unfolded protein response (UPR) or other stress-responsive signaling pathways (e.g., the heat shock response or oxidative stress response). IXA4 reduces secretion of APP through IRE1 activation.
IRE1  
Parkinson's Disease  
12
HY-12956 Dinoprost
Dinoprost (Prostaglandin F2α) is an orally active, potent prostaglandin F (PGF) receptor (FP receptor) agonist. Dinoprost is a luteolytic hormone produced locally in the endometrial luminal epithelium and corpus luteum (CL). Dinoprost plays a key role in the onset and progression of labour.
Prostaglandin Receptor   Endogenous Metabolite   Autophagy   Apoptosis  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
10
HY-N7140 Gamma-Linolenic acid
Gamma-linolenic acid (γ-Linolenic acid) is an orally active unsaturated fatty acid. Gamma-linolenic acid exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and JNK. At the same time, it exerts anticancer effects by inducing apoptosis (Apoptosis) in cancer cells. Additionally, Gamma-linolenic acid also has antioxidant and memory-improving effects. It holds promise for research in the fields of inflammation, neurology, and cancer diseases.
Endogenous Metabolite   Apoptosis   NF-κB   ERK   JNK  
Glioblastoma   Huntington's Disease   Atopic Dermatitis   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
8
HY-125006 TRi-1
TRi-1 is a potent, specific and irreversible inhibitor of cytosolic thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1), with an IC50 of 12 nM. TRi-1 has little mitochondrial toxicity for anticancer therapy.
JNK   p38 MAPK  
Cancer  
7
HY-N0878 Bufotalin
Bufotalin is a steroid lactone isolated from Venenum Bufonis with potently antitumor activities. Bufotalin induces cancer cell apoptosis and also induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activation.

Source: toad

Apoptosis   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Cancer   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation  
4
HY-138364 YUM70
YUM70 is a potent and selective inhibitor of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), with an IC50 of 1.5 μM for inhibiting GRP78 ATPase activity of the full-length protein. YUM70 induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in pancreatic cancer. YUM70 also has in vivo efficacy in a pancreatic cancer xenograft model.
HSP   Apoptosis  
Pancreatic Cancer   Digestive System Inflammation  
4
HY-124293 AA147
AA147 is a endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteostasis regulator. AA147 promotes protection against oxidative damage in neuronal cells and prevents endothelial barrier dysfunction by activating ATF6 arm (selectively) of the unfolded protein response (UPR) and the NRF2 oxidative stress response. AA147 can rebalances XBP1s expression in vivo, and also induces survival motor neuron (SMN) expression and spinal motorneuron (MN) protection.
ATF6   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Parkinson's Disease  
4
HY-113402 Gamma-glutamylcysteine
Gamma-glutamylcysteine (γ-Glu-Cys) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide. Gamma-glutamylcysteine activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease.
Endogenous Metabolite   Interleukin Related   TNF Receptor   AMPK   Sirtuin   STAT   PI3K   NF-κB   JAK   p38 MAPK   JNK   Akt   Apoptosis   Ferroptosis  
Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   Alzheimer's Disease   Inflammatory Bowel Disease  
4
HY-N0139 Troxerutin
Troxerutin, also known as vitamin P4, is a tri-hydroxyethylated derivative of natural bioflavonoid rutins which can inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and depress ER stress-mediated NOD activation.
NOD-like Receptor (NLR)  
Cancer   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Autoimmune Disease   Glucose Metabolism   SARS-CoV-2 Infection  
3
HY-P81190 Phospho-PERK (Thr980) Antibody
Phospho-PERK (Thr980) Antibody is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG polyclonal antibody, targeting to Phospho-PERK (Thr980).

Host: Rabbit; Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat

Polyclonal Antibodies Flow Cytometry Antibodies Modification Specific Antibodies Primary Antibodies

2
HY-P80379 ATF6 Antibody (YA831)
ATF6 Antibody (YA831) is a Mouse-derived and non-conjugated IgG1 monoclonal antibody, targeting to ATF6.

Host: Mouse; Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat

Monoclonal Antibodies Flow Cytometry Antibodies Primary Antibodies

2
HY-19696S1 Tauroursodeoxycholate-d4
Tauroursodeoxycholate-d4 is deuterium labeled Tauroursodeoxycholate. Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   ERK   Caspase   Endogenous Metabolite   Apoptosis  
Cancer  
1
HY-123581 Quinocetone
Quinocetone is an orally active animal feed additive used to increase the meat production of livestock and poultry. Quinocetone exhibits antibacterial activity against a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. Quinocetone exhibits tissue-specific (liver, lymphocyte) toxicity. Quinocetone induces autophagy in cells through the ATF6/DAPK1 pathway. Quinocetone activates the NF-κB and iNOS pathways, leading to cell apoptosis, hepatocyte vacuolar degeneration and fibrosis. Quinocetone can inhibit Nrf2/HO-1 and induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress and DNA damage.
Antibiotic   Bacterial   ATF6   DAPK   Autophagy   NF-κB   NO Synthase   Apoptosis   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Keap1-Nrf2   Heme Oxygenase (HO)  
Breast Cancer   Colorectal Cancer   Pancreatic Cancer   Ovarian Cancer   Bacterial Infection   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation   Parkinson's Disease   Lung Fibrosis  
1
HY-19696AS Tauroursodeoxycholate-d4 sodium
Tauroursodeoxycholate-d4 (sodium) is the deuterium labeled Tauroursodeoxycholate sodium. Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid; TUDCA) sodium is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   ERK   Caspase   Apoptosis   Endogenous Metabolite  
Cancer  
1
HY-W338584 Hydroxycitric acid tripotassium
Tripotassium hydroxycitrate is an orally active, multi-target, multi-bioactive organic acid. Tripotassium hydroxycitrate activates Nrf2 and its downstream molecule GPX4, increases glutathione levels, and thereby inhibits ferroptosis. Tripotassium hydroxycitrate activates the Nrf2/Keap1 and ACLY/NF-κB signaling pathways, upregulates the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, reduces MDA content, thereby alleviating oxidative stress and renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis, and improves pulmonary vascular and right ventricular remodeling. Tripotassium hydroxycitrate activates both the AMPK and mTORC1/S6K pathways, triggers the unfolded protein response, arrests the cancer cell cycle, and induces DNA fragmentation.
Keap1-Nrf2   Ferroptosis   Apoptosis   mTOR   NF-κB   ATP Citrate Lyase   AMPK   Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK)   DNA/RNA Synthesis  
Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pulmonary Hypertension   Kidney Stones   Prostatic Hyperplasia  
1
HY-112056 DIM-C-pPhCO2Me
DIM-C-pPhCO2Me is a nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1) antagonist. DIM-C-pPhCO2Me induces Apoptosis. DIM-C-pPhCO2Me decreases PAX3-FOXO1A, N-Myc, Rassf4, MyoD1, Grem1, and DAPK1 proteins. DIM-C-pPhCO2Me decreases expression of TXNDC5 and IDH1, induces markers of ER stress (CHOP, ATF4 and p-PERK). DIM-C-pPhCO2Me inhibits renal cell carcinoma, breast cancer. DIM-C-pPhCO2Me can also be used in rhabdomyosarcoma research.
Nuclear Hormone Receptor 4A/NR4A   Apoptosis   DAPK   Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH)   PERK  
Digestive System Disease   Breast Cancer   Digestive System Inflammation  
1
HY-137813 PERK-IN-4
PERK-IN-4 is a PERK inhibitor with a human IC50 of 0.3 nM and selectivity relative to other kinases. PERK-IN-4 displays moderate rat blood clearance and pharmacokinetic properties.
PERK  
Cancer   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
1
HY-N0805A Alisol B
Alisol B is a triterpene with diverse biological activities. Alisol B binds human soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) with a Ki of 5.97 μM and reduces sEH activity. Alisol B inhibits RANKL-induced JNK phosphorylation, NFATc1 and c-Fos expression, osteoclast formation, mature osteoclast pit-forming and actin ring activity, and SERCA pump activity. Alisol B induces calcium mobilization, CaMKK-AMPK-mTOR pathway activation, autophagic flux, autophagosome formation, G1 phase cell cycle arrest, endoplasmic reticulum stress, unfolded protein responses, and cancer cell apoptosis. Alisol B can be used for the research of hypercalcemia, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, periodontitis, acute kidney injury, and breast cancer.
Epoxide Hydrolase   CaMK   Autophagy   Apoptosis  
Luminal Breast Cancer   Osteoporosis   Hypercalcemia   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
1
HY-132182 HPA-12
HPA-12 is a blood-brain barrier-permeable small-molecule inhibitor of ceramide transfer protein (CERT) with four stereoisomers (the (1R,3R)-stereoisomer exhibits the highest activity). HPA-12 blocks the transport of ceramide from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus by binding to the START domain of CERT, leading to intracellular ceramide accumulation and inhibition of sphingomyelin (SM) synthesis. HPA-12 induces endoplasmic reticulum stress via the GRP78/ATF6/CHOP axis and activates mitochondrial autophagy, thereby inhibiting cell growth and inducing apoptosis. In in vivo experiments, HPA-12 significantly reduces the leukemia burden and splenomegaly in mouse models of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and prolongs survival. HPA-12 is applicable for the research of lipid metabolism in acute myeloid leukemia and Alzheimer's disease.
Ceramidase   Autophagy   Apoptosis   ATF6  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia   Alzheimer's Disease  
1
HY-N1437 Hydroxycitric acid
Hydroxycitric acid is an orally active, multi-target, multi-bioactive organic acid. activates Nrf2 and its downstream molecule GPX4, increases glutathione levels, and thereby inhibits ferroptosis. Hydroxycitric acid activates the Nrf2/Keap1 and ACLY/NF-κB signaling pathways, upregulates the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, reduces MDA content, thereby alleviating oxidative stress and renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis, and improves pulmonary vascular and right ventricular remodeling. Hydroxycitric acid activates both the AMPK and mTORC1/S6K pathways, triggers the unfolded protein response, arrests the cancer cell cycle, and induces DNA fragmentation.
Apoptosis   DNA/RNA Synthesis   NF-κB   mTOR   Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK)   AMPK   Ferroptosis   Keap1-Nrf2   ATP Citrate Lyase  
Cancer   Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
1
HY-101484A NE-100 hydrochloride
NE-100 hydrochloride is an orally active and selective sigma-1 receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 4.16 nM. NE-100 hydrochloride can improve cognitive impairment and has neuroprotective and antipsychotic activities. NE-100 hydrochloride can be used for research on nervous system diseases.
Sigma Receptor   ATF6  
Pain  
1
HY-W050044 L-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid
L-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid is a proline analog. L-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid upregulates the lipid autophagy marker LC3-II via activation of the PERK pathway. L-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid increases pro-apoptotic BAX protein. L-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid induces ATF6 cleavage and upregulates phosphorylated eIF2α levels. L-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid induces ER stress, inducing protein misfolding and aggregation. L-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid shows teratogenic, pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic effects.
Endogenous Metabolite   PERK   Atg8/LC3   Autophagy   Bcl-2 Family   Apoptosis   Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF)   ATF6  
Cancer   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   Cardiovascular Disease  
1
HY-P81233 DDIT3 Antibody (YA3507)
DDIT3 Antibody is a Mouse-derived and non-conjugated IgG1 monoclonal antibody, targeting to DDIT3.

Host: Mouse; Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat

Monoclonal Antibodies Primary Antibodies

1
HY-A0281S3 4-Phenylbutyric acid-d4
4-Phenylbutyric acid-d2 is the deuterium labeled 4-Phenylbutyric acid. 4-Phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) is an inhibitor of HDAC and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, used in cancer and infection research.
HDAC   Virus Protease  
Cancer   Infection  
/
HY-149918 Antiproliferative agent-23
Antiproliferative agent-23 is a microtubule-destabilizing agent (MDA) and efficiently disturbes the tubulin-microtubule system. Antiproliferative agent-23 induces apoptosis via a mitochondrion-dependent pathway by downregulating the Bcl-2 protein, upregulating Bax and Cyt c proteins, and activating the caspase cascade. Antiproliferative agent-23 initiates reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress in A549/CDDP cells (cisplatin resistant cancer cell line) via the PERK/ATF4/CHOP signaling pathway. Antiproliferative agent-23 has anti-tumor activity.
Microtubule/Tubulin   Apoptosis  
/
HY-19696S Tauroursodeoxycholate-d5
Tauroursodeoxycholate-d5 is the deuterium labeled Tauroursodeoxycholate. Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   ERK   Caspase   Endogenous Metabolite   Apoptosis  
Cancer  
/
HY-158104 LPPM-8
LPPM-8 is a ligand of Med25 and an inhibitor of Med25 protein-protein interactions (PPIs). LPPM-8 engages Med25 through interaction with the H2 face of its Activator Interaction Domain and stabilizes full-length protein in the cellular proteome. LPPM-8 is an orthosteric inhibitor of H2-binding transcriptional activators (such as ATF6a). LPPM-8 can be used for studying Med25 and Mediator complex biology.
ATF6  
/
HY-12292G IM-12 (GMP)
IM-12 GMP is IM-12 (HY-12292) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. IM-12 is an orally active anti-inflammatory agent that targets and inhibits the NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways. IM-12 activates the Wnt signaling pathway and promotes the nuclear translocation of β-catenin by inhibiting GSK3β, while also blocking the tyrosine kinase activity of p210BCR/ABL. IM-12 reduces the levels of IL-6, IL-17, NO, prostaglandin E2, iNOS and COX-2, and induces ER stress, Ca2+ release, autophagy and apoptosis. IM-12 is heat-sensitive and does not induce autophagy in IM-resistant p210BCR/ABLT315I mutant cells. IM-12 is also a component of the 5iLA medium used for naive pluripotent stem cell research. IM-12 has been applied in studies related to carrageenan (HY-125474)-induced hind paw edema, TNBS-induced colitis, and acute and chronic myeloid leukemia.
NF-κB   STAT   GSK-3   β-catenin   Bcr-Abl  
Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma  
/
HY-P11264 Cyclic peptide P1-1
Cyclic peptide P1-1 is a high-potent GPR55 antagonist. Cyclic peptide P1-1 antagonizes GPR55 and suppresses collagen secretion. Cyclic peptide P1-1 reduces ROS production, attenuates ER stress, and inhibits mitochondria-associated Apoptosis. Cyclic peptide P1-1 inhibits the expression of α-SMA and COL1α. Cyclic peptide P1-1 ameliorates CCl4 (HY-Y0298)-induce and MCD-diet-induce acute liver inflammation and fibrosis.
GPR55   Collagen   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Apoptosis  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Hepatic Fibrosis  
/
HY-P1556 Vasonatrin Peptide (VNP)
Vasonatrin Peptide (VNP) is a chimera of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). Vasonatrin peptide possesses the venodilating actions of CNP, the natriuretic actions of ANP, and unique arterial vasodilating actions not associated with either ANP or CNP. Vasonatrin Peptide protects the diabetic heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting ER stress via the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway.
PKG  
Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease  
/
HY-12956S2 Dinoprost-13C5
Dinoprost-13C5 is 13C labeled Dinoprost (HY-12956). Dinoprost (Prostaglandin F2α) is an orally active, potent prostaglandin F (PGF) receptor (FP receptor) agonist. Dinoprost is a luteolytic hormone produced locally in the endometrial luminal epithelium and corpus luteum (CL). Dinoprost plays a key role in the onset and progression of labour.
Prostaglandin Receptor   Apoptosis   Autophagy   Endogenous Metabolite   Isotope-Labeled Compounds  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-P11298 d-T101 peptide
d-T101 peptide, a human hormone-peptide, is a T1/ST2 receptor ligand. d-T101 peptide binds to the T1/ST2 receptor and activates caspases 8, 9 and 3 mediated apoptosis, together with activation of JNKinase and p38 MAPKinase. d-T101 peptide also changes Golgi structural with function loss and downregulation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress repair mechanism. d-T101 peptide has immunostimulatory and anticancer activity, selectively induces apoptosis in proliferating cancer cells and increases IL-2 and IFN-γ expression as well as the recruitment of NK cells and M1 macrophages to the tumor site.
Caspase   Apoptosis   JNK   p38 MAPK   Interleukin Related   IFNAR  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-13433R Thapsigargin (Standard)
Thapsigargin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Thapsigargin (HY-13433). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Thapsigargin, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inducer, is an inhibitor of microsomal Ca2+-ATPase. Thapsigargin efficiently inhibits coronavirus (HCoV-229E, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2) replication in different cell types.
Reference Standards   Calcium Channel   SARS-CoV   Apoptosis  
/
HY-N12887 Mycothiazole
Mycothiazole is an inhibitor for mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complex I. Mycothiazole exhibits cytotoxicity in cancer cells Huh7 (IC50 is 55.8 μM), U87 and MCF7. Mycothiazole induces apoptosis in Huh7. Mycothiazole utilizes the unfolded protein response (UPR) and heat shock response (HSR) pathway involved transcription factors ATFS-1 and HSF1, to extend the lifespan of C. elegans.

Source: marine sponge

Mitochondrial Metabolism  
/
HY-19332R Kifunensine (Standard)
Bromperidol decanoate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Bromperidol decanoate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Bromperidol decanoate (R46541) is a compound used for the inhibition of schizophrenia and has certain clinical inhibitory activity.
Reference Standards   Glycosidase   Others  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-P3444A CD31 TFA
CD31 (PECAM-1) TFA is platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, serves as the endothelial cell-specific receptor of clostridium perfringens b-Toxin (CPB). CD31 TFA is also an ER-MP12 antigen, acts as a linker between mechanical stress, metabolism and inflammation. CD31 TFA peptide is able to sustain phosphorylation of the CD31 ITIM686 and of SHP2 and to inhibit TCR-induced T-cell activation-.
SHP2   Bacterial  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-19696S2 Tauroursodeoxycholate-d4-1
Tauroursodeoxycholate-d4-1 is the deuterium labeled Tauroursodeoxycholate. Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   ERK   Caspase   Endogenous Metabolite   Apoptosis  
Cancer  
/
HY-134800 IBT21
IBT21 is an endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibitor that binds to unfolded or misfolded proteins and prevents their aggregation. IBT21 inhibits UPR activation of the ATF6, IRE1 and PERK branches under ER stress, with IC50 values of 0.24 μM, 0.33 μM, and 0.46 μM, respectively. IBT21 protects cells from ER stress-induced death and mutant prion protein (protein toxin)-induced growth inhibition. IBT21 exhibits chemical chaperone activity distinct from UPR modulators, does not affect protein translation, moderately reduces DTT (HY-15917)-induced ER stress, and fails to inhibit the heat shock response. IBT21 is useful for research related to prion diseases.
ATF6   IRE1   PERK  
Prion Disease  
/
HY-N0805AR Alisol B (Standard)
Alisol B (Standard) is the analytical standard of Alisol B (HY-N0805A). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Alisol B is a triterpene with diverse biological activities. Alisol B binds human soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) with a Ki of 5.97 μM and reduces sEH activity. Alisol B inhibits RANKL-induced JNK phosphorylation, NFATc1 and c-Fos expression, osteoclast formation, mature osteoclast pit-forming and actin ring activity, and SERCA pump activity. Alisol B induces calcium mobilization, CaMKK-AMPK-mTOR pathway activation, autophagic flux, autophagosome formation, G1 phase cell cycle arrest, endoplasmic reticulum stress, unfolded protein responses, and cancer cell apoptosis. Alisol B can be used for the research of hypercalcemia, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, periodontitis, acute kidney injury, and breast cancer.
Reference Standards   Epoxide Hydrolase   CaMK   Autophagy   Apoptosis  
Cancer   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-B0852S2 Tebuconazole-d6
Tebuconazole-d6 is a deuterium labeled Tebuconazole (HY-B0852). Tebuconazole is an orally active agricultural azole fungicide which can also inhibit CYP51 with IC50s of 0.9 and 1.3 μM for Candida albicans CYP51 (CaCYP51) and truncated Homo sapiens CYP51 (Δ60HsCYP51), respectively. Tebuconazole induces lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in HepG2 Cells. Tebuconazole decreases MAC-T cells viability and proliferation, induces ER-stress-mediated apoptosis and increases oxidative stress levels in MAC-T cells.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Fungal   Cytochrome P450  
Infection  
/
HY-138844 3-AP-Me
3-AP-Me is a dimethyl derivative of the nucleotide reductase inhibitor 3-AP (SML0568). 3-AP-Me can activate the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway by promoting the phosphorylation of eIF2α and increasing the gene expression of transcription factors ATF4 and ATF6, leading to cell apoptosis. Additionally, 3-AP-Me can activate the stress kinases c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases. 3-AP-Me also leads to the upregulation of the spliced mRNA variant XBP1, can be used in cancer research.
Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF)   p38 MAPK   JNK   Apoptosis  
/
HY-W104821 Rosolic acid
Rosolic acid is a Michael acceptor molecule isolated from the rhizomes of Plantago asiatica L. Rosolic acid inhibits Keap1, promotes Nrf2 nuclear translocation, and upregulates HO-1 and NQO-1. Rosolic acid reduces ER stress markers PERK, ATF-6, GRP78, and CHOP, as well as oxidative stress, ROS production, inflammation, and apoptosis. Rosolic acid upregulates SOD, CAT, and GPx activities, induces angiogenesis and insulin secretion, and restores endothelial function and pancreatic beta cell protection under ER stress. Rosolic acid can be used in research on diabetes and endothelial dysfunction.
Keap1-Nrf2   Quinone Reductase   PERK   ATF6   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Apoptosis   SOD   Glutathione Peroxidase  
Cardiovascular Disease   Type 2 Diabetes  
/
HY-123581R Quinocetone (Standard)
Quinocetone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Quinocetone (HY-123581). This product is used for research and analytical purposes. Quinocetone is an orally active animal feed additive used to increase the meat production of livestock and poultry. Quinocetone exhibits antibacterial activity against a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. Quinocetone exhibits tissue-specific (liver, lymphocyte) toxicity. Quinocetone induces autophagy in cells through the ATF6/DAPK1 pathway. Quinocetone activates the NF-κB and iNOS pathways, leading to cell apoptosis, hepatocyte vacuolar degeneration and fibrosis. Quinocetone can inhibit Nrf2/HO-1 and induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress and DNA damage.
Reference Standards   Antibiotic   Bacterial   ATF6   DAPK   Autophagy   NF-κB   NO Synthase   Apoptosis   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-A0281S2 4-Phenylbutyric acid-d5
4-Phenylbutyric acid-d5 is the deuterium labeled 4-Phenylbutyric acid. 4-Phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) is an inhibitor of HDAC and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, used in cancer and infection research.
HDAC   Virus Protease  
/
HY-P1556A Vasonatrin Peptide (VNP) TFA
Vasonatrin Peptide (VNP) TFA is a chimera of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). Vasonatrin peptide TFA possesses the venodilating actions of CNP, the natriuretic actions of ANP, and unique arterial vasodilating actions not associated with either ANP or CNP. Vasonatrin Peptide TFA protects the diabetic heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting ER stress via the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway.
PKG  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-P990805 Anti-Human/Mouse GRP78 Antibody (C38)
Anti-Human/Mouse GRP78 Antibody (C38) is a kind of mouse IgG2b antibody inhibitor, targeting to GRP78. Anti-Human/Mouse GRP78 Antibody (C38) inhibits RhoA, ROCK and AKT activation. Anti-Human/Mouse GRP78 Antibody (C38) can be used for the researches of cancer and metabolic disease, such as melanoma and diabetes.

Species: Human/Mouse

HSP  
Cancer   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-P3444 CD31
CD31 (PECAM-1) is platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, serves as the endothelial cell-specific receptor of clostridium perfringens b-Toxin (CPB). CD31 is also an ER-MP12 antigen, acts as a linker between mechanical stress, metabolism and inflammation. CD31 peptide is able to sustain phosphorylation of the CD31 ITIM686 and of SHP2 and to inhibit TCR-induced T-cell activation-.
SHP2   Bacterial  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-A0281S 4-Phenylbutyric acid-d11
4-Phenylbutyric acid-d11 is the deuterium labeled 4-Phenylbutyric acid. 4-Phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) is an inhibitor of HDAC and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, used in cancer and infection research.
HDAC   Virus Protease  
/
HY-15654S Phenylbutyrate-d11 sodium
Phenylbutyrate-d11 (sodium) is deuterium labeled Sodium 4-phenylbutyrate. Sodium 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA sodium) is an inhibitor of HDAC and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, used in cancer and infection research.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   HDAC   Autophagy   Apoptosis  
/
HY-152153 GRP78-IN-3
GRP78-IN-3 (Compound 8) is a selective Grp78 (HSPA5) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.59 μM. GRP78-IN-3 is 7-fold selective for HspA5 compared to HspA9 (IC50 of 4.3 μM) and >20-fold selective for HspA5 compared to HspA2 (IC50 of 13.9 μM).
HSP  
Lung Cancer  
/
HY-N16308 ER-Laurdan
ER-Laurdan is a derivative of the membrane-permeable fluorescent probe Laurdan (HY-D0080) that targets the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). As a membrane fluidity reporter, ER-Laurdan specifically localizes to the ER luminal membrane, and exhibits a prominent solvatochromic response to fluidity changes caused by membrane packing and exogenous saturated fatty acid stress. ER-Laurdan shows no overlapping localization with mitochondria, enables quantitative analysis of ER membrane fluidity via generalized polarization ratio measurement, and allows automatic signal masking with the help of ER markers. With high specificity and quantitative capability, ER-Laurdan serves as an important tool for investigating metabolic disorders and associated changes in the physical properties of cell membranes.
Fluorescent Dye  
/
HY-W020952 Palladium(Ⅱ) acetylacetonate
Palladium(II) acetylacetonate is a metal-organic complex. Palladium(II) acetylacetonate upregulates the expression of GRP78, ATF-4, XBP-1, CHOP, and phosphorylated c-Jun. Palladium(II) acetylacetonate induces Apoptosis. Palladium(II) acetylacetonate has anticancer effects against non-small cell lung cancer, gastric cancer, leukemia, and cervical cancer.
Biochemical Assay Reagents   HSP   Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF)   IRE1   JNK   Apoptosis  
Cancer  
/
HY-P73256 IRE1 Protein, Human (Active, sf9, His-GST)
IRE1 is a key serine/threonine protein kinase and endoribonuclease essential for sensing the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the endoplasmic reticulum. In cellular homeostasis, it remains monomeric by binding to HSPA5/BiP. IRE1 Protein, Human (sf9, His-GST) is the recombinant human-derived IRE1 protein, expressed by Sf9 insect cells , with N-His, N-GST labeled tag.

Species: Human; Source: Sf9 insect cells

Enzymes & Regulators Kinases Transferases (EC 2) Serine/Threonine Kinase Proteins Other Kinases Endoplasmic Reticulum To Nucleus Signaling 1 (ERN1/IRE1) IRE Endoplasmic Reticulum To Nucleus Signaling 1 (ERN1/IRE1)

/
HY-P73858 IRE1 Protein, Human (sf9)
IRE1 is a key serine/threonine protein kinase and endoribonuclease essential for sensing the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the endoplasmic reticulum. In cellular homeostasis, it remains monomeric by binding to HSPA5/BiP. IRE1 Protein, Human (sf9) is the recombinant human-derived IRE1 protein, expressed by Sf9 insect cells , with tag free.

Species: Human; Source: Sf9 insect cells

Enzymes & Regulators Kinases Transferases (EC 2) Serine/Threonine Kinase Proteins Other Kinases Endoplasmic Reticulum To Nucleus Signaling 1 (ERN1/IRE1) IRE Endoplasmic Reticulum To Nucleus Signaling 1 (ERN1/IRE1)

/
HY-P80781 PERK Antibody (YA233)
PERK Antibody (YA233) is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG monoclonal antibody, targeting to PERK.

Host: Rabbit; Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat

Monoclonal Antibodies Recombinant Antibodies Primary Antibodies

/
HY-P80554 ATF6 Antibody (YA604)
ATF6 Antibody (YA604) is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG monoclonal antibody, targeting to ATF6.

Host: Rabbit; Reactivity: Human

Monoclonal Antibodies Recombinant Antibodies Primary Antibodies

/
HY-P82630 VCP Antibody (YA2375)
VCP Antibody (YA2375) is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG monoclonal antibody, targeting to VCP.

Host: Rabbit; Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat

Monoclonal Antibodies Recombinant Antibodies Primary Antibodies

/
HY-P85324 PERK Antibody (YA5016)
PERK Antibody (YA5016) is a Mouse-derived and non-conjugated monoclonal antibody, targeting to PERK.

Host: Mouse; Reactivity: Mouse, Rat

Monoclonal Antibodies Primary Antibodies

/
HY-P84401 VCP Antibody (YA4098)
VCP Antibody (YA4098) is a Mouse-derived and non-conjugated IgG1 monoclonal antibody, targeting to VCP.

Host: Mouse; Reactivity: Human, Mouse

Monoclonal Antibodies Flow Cytometry Antibodies Primary Antibodies

/
HY-P86626 ATF6 Antibody (YA6318)
ATF6 Antibody (YA6318) is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG monoclonal antibody, targeting to ATF6.

Host: Rabbit; Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat

Monoclonal Antibodies Recombinant Antibodies Primary Antibodies

/

Keywords

ER Stress | Unfolded protein response | ERAD