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Photodynamic Therapy: Past, Current, Future

Cancer Immunotherapy Immunogenic Cell Death

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a light-activated therapeutic modality that combines photosensitizers, oxygen, and specific light wavelengths to generate reactive oxygen species for selective cellular destruction. Hematoporphyrin derivatives were among the first clinically relevant photosensitizers, and PDT development accelerated after observations that porphyrins accumulated in tumors and induced phototoxicity after light exposure. Current PDT research spans oncology, antimicrobial therapy, nanomedicine, and image-guided therapeutics, reflecting sustained interest across translational life sciences and drug discovery fields. PDT remains significant because it enables spatially controlled treatment with lower systemic toxicity than many conventional therapeutic approaches[1][4][6][9].

The central PDT mechanism involves excitation of photosensitizers from the singlet ground state to excited singlet and triplet states, followed by energy transfer to molecular oxygen and production of singlet oxygen and additional reactive oxygen species. Singlet oxygen is regarded as a principal cytotoxic mediator responsible for oxidative damage, apoptosis, membrane disruption, and mitochondrial dysfunction during PDT. PDT-induced apoptosis proceeds through extrinsic and intrinsic pathways involving Fas receptor activation, cytochrome c release, APAF-1 signaling, and caspase-3 activation. Reactive oxygen species generated during PDT also modulate immune signaling, vasculature, and inflammatory responses in treated tissues. Recent mechanistic studies further demonstrated that energy transfer from the singlet excited state of porphyrins to oxygen contributes to singlet oxygen production, extending the classical PDT photochemistry model [2][3][5][6][10].

Cancer therapy remains the dominant clinical application of PDT, including treatment strategies for nonmelanoma skin cancer, bladder cancer, esophageal cancer, head and neck cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer. Porphyrin, chlorin, and bacteriochlorin photosensitizers have shown strong phototoxicity and low dark toxicity in tumor models, with bacteriochlorins exhibiting longer absorption wavelengths and enhanced antitumor efficacy. PDT is also increasingly investigated for antimicrobial therapy because reactive oxygen species disrupt bacterial membranes, DNA, and biofilms formed by resistant pathogens including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Nanocarrier-based PDT systems further improve tumor targeting, drug delivery, and controlled release while reducing damage to surrounding healthy tissues. PDT additionally induces apoptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and cuproptosis, expanding its relevance for regulated cell death research and combination therapies [3][4][7][8][9][10][11].

Current limitations include incomplete clinical superiority data for several solid tumors, oxygen dependence in hypoxic tissues, and variability in photosensitizer selectivity and tissue penetration. Future research focuses on third-generation photosensitizers, nanomaterial-assisted delivery systems, improved singlet oxygen generation, and multimodal phototherapy platforms with enhanced tumor specificity. Mechanistic integration of immune regulation, regulated cell death pathways, and hypoxia-adapted PDT strategies may improve clinical translation and experimental reproducibility in future therapeutic development [1][3][5][6][9][10].

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Cat. No. Product Name Information Application Publication
HY-16658B Z-VAD-FMK
Z-VAD-FMK is a pan-caspase inhibitor and also an ICE-like protease inhibitor, which inhibits apoptosis by preventing the processing of CPP32 to its active form. Z-VAD-FMK sensitivity varies primarily due to differential expression of receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1). Z-VAD-FMK limits the cryopreservation-induced apoptosis by reducing caspase-3 activity of in vitro produced bovine embryos. Z-VAD-FMK is immunosuppressive in vitro and inhibits T cell proliferation without blocking the processing of caspase-8 and caspase-3. Z-VAD-FMK leads to a decrease in intracellular glutathione (GSH) with a concomitant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in activated T cells. Z-VAD-FMK is due to oxidative stress via the depletion of GSH. Z-VAD-FMK can be used for the study of acute pancreatitis.
Caspase   Apoptosis   RIP kinase   Glutathione Peroxidase   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Cancer   Digestive System Disease   Pancreatitis  
850
HY-D0940 H2DCFDA
H2DCFDA (DCFH-DA) is a cell-permeable probe used to detect intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) (Ex/Em=488/525 nm).
Fluorescent Dye   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
838
HY-B0215 Acetylcysteine
Acetylcysteine (N-Acetylcysteine) is a mucolytic agent that can cross the blood-brain barrier, which reduces the thickness of the mucus. Acetylcysteine is a ROS inhibitor. Acetylcysteine is a cysteine precursor, prevents hemin-induced ferroptosis by neutralizing toxic lipids generated by arachidonate-dependent activity of 5-lipoxygenases. Acetylcysteine induces cell apoptosis. Acetylcysteine also has anti-influenza virus activities. In addition, Acetylcysteine ​​is the most stable form of cysteine ​​during drug delivery and can be used in disulfidptosis studies.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Endogenous Metabolite   Apoptosis   Ferroptosis   Influenza Virus   Disulfidptosis  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Digestive System Disease   Breast Cancer   Viral Infection   Digestive System Inflammation   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Lung Fibrosis  
757
HY-10071 Y-27632
Y-27632 is a ROCK inhibitor with Ki values of 220 nM and 300 nM for ROCK1 and ROCK2, respectively. Y-27632 exerts anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in systemic lupus erythematosus models by inhibiting the ROCK/NF-κB pathway. Y-27632 enhances autophagy by inhibiting the AKT/mTOR pathway, thereby inducing apoptosis apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Y-27632 induces the formation of tunneling nanotubes in ARPE-19 cells and significantly enhances mitochondrial transfer through these channels. Y-27632 promotes neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells by activating the Rac1/NOX1/ROS/AKT/PAK1 signaling cascade.
ROCK   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Akt   Ras   mTOR   Apoptosis   PAK   NADPH Oxidase   NF-κB   Autophagy  
Cancer   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   Lung Fibrosis  
602
HY-100218A RSL3
RSL3 ((1S,3R)-RSL3) is an inhibitor of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) (ferroptosis activator), reduces the expression of GPX4 protein, and induces ferroptotic death of head and neck cancer cell. RSL3 increases the expression of p62 and Nrf2 and inactivates Keap1 in HN3-rslR cells.
p62   Glutathione Peroxidase   Ferroptosis   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Ovarian Cancer  
573
HY-B0988 Deferoxamine mesylate
Deferoxamine mesylate (Deferoxamine B mesylate) is an iron chelator (binds to Fe(III) and many other metal cations), is widely used to reduce iron accumulation and deposition in tissues. Deferoxamine mesylate upregulates HIF-1α levels with good antioxidant activity. Deferoxamine mesylate also shows anti-proliferative activity, can induce apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells. Deferoxamine mesylate can be used in studies of diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases as well as anti-cancer and anti-COVID-19.
Autophagy   HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Apoptosis   Akt  
Infection   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
452
HY-D1055 MitoSOX Red
MitoSOX Red is a live cell fluorescent probe that specifically targets mitochondria and is cell membrane permeable. MitoSOX Red enters mitochondria and is oxidized by superoxide but not by other ROS or RNS generating systems. The oxidized MitoSOX Red then binds to nucleic acids in mitochondria/nucleus, producing strong red fluorescence. MitoSOX Red can be used as a fluorescent indicator to specifically detect superoxide. In addition, superoxide dismutase (SOD) can prevent the oxidation of MitoSOX Red.
Excitation/emission wavelength: 510/580 nm.
Fluorescent Dye   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Mitochondrial Metabolism  
Cancer  
328
HY-B0146 Verteporfin
Verteporfin (CL 318952) is a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy to eliminate the abnormal blood vessels in the eye associated with conditions such as age-related macular degeneration. Verteporfin is a YAP inhibitor which disrupts YAP-TEAD interactions. Verteporfin induces cell apoptosis. Verteporfinis an autophagy inhibitor that blocks autophagy at an early stage by inhibiting autophagosome formation.
YAP   Apoptosis   Autophagy   Photosensitizer  
Colorectal Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Digestive System Inflammation   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Lung Fibrosis  
291
HY-18085 Quercetin
Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, is a stimulator of recombinant SIRT1 and also a PI3K inhibitor with IC50 of 2.4 μM, 3.0 μM and 5.4 μM for PI3K γ, PI3K δ and PI3K β, respectively.
PI3K   Autophagy   Mitophagy   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Apoptosis  
Lung Cancer   Breast Cancer   Colorectal Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Ovarian Cancer   Viral Infection   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Obesity   Lung Fibrosis   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
230
HY-N0005 Curcumin
Curcumin (Diferuloylmethane), a natural phenolic compound, is a p300/CREB-binding protein-specific inhibitor of acetyltransferase, represses the acetylation of histone/nonhistone proteins and histone acetyltransferase-dependent chromatin transcription. Curcumin is a photosensitizer against microorganisms. Curcumin shows inhibitory effects on NF-κB and MAPKs, and has diverse pharmacologic effects including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative and antiangiogenic activities. Curcumin induces stabilization of Nrf2 protein through Keap1 cysteine modification.
Histone Acetyltransferase   Epigenetic Reader Domain   Keap1-Nrf2   Autophagy   Mitophagy   Influenza Virus   Ferroptosis   Apoptosis  
Prostate Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Viral Infection   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation   Glucose Metabolism   Metastatic Breast Cancer   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Obesity   Lung Fibrosis  
138
HY-B0166 L-Ascorbic acid
L-Ascorbic acid (L-Ascorbate), an electron donor, is an endogenous antioxidant agent. L-Ascorbic acid inhibits selectively Cav3.2 channels with an IC50 of 6.5 μM. L-Ascorbic acid is also a collagen deposition enhancer and an elastogenesis inhibitor. L-Ascorbic acid exhibits anti-cancer effects through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and selective damage to cancer cells.
Endogenous Metabolite   Apoptosis   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Calcium Channel  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Pancreatic Cancer   Digestive System Inflammation   Glucose Metabolism   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Hypertension  
91
HY-L089 Mitochondria-Targeted Compound Library
Mitochondria plays an important role in many vital processes in cells, including energy production, fatty-acid oxidation and the Tricarboxylic Acid (TCA) cycle, calcium signaling, permeability transition, apoptosis and heat production. At present, it is recognized that many diseases are associated with impaired mitochondrial function, such as increased accumulation of ROS and decreased OXPHOS and ATP production. Mitochondria are recognized as one of the most important targets for new drug design in cancer, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases, etc. Some small molecule drugs or biologics can act on mitochondria through various pathways, including ETC inhibition, OXPHOS uncoupling, mitochondrial Ca2+ modulation, and control of oxidative stress via decrease or increase of mitochondrial ROS accumulation. MCE supplies a unique collection of 1,182 mitochondria-targeted compound that mainly targeting Mitochondrial Metabolism, ATP Synthase, Mitophagy, Reactive Oxygen Species, etc. MCE Mitochondria-Targeted Compound Library is a useful tool for mitochondria-targeted drug discovery and related research.

Signaling Pathway Targeting Libraries

89
HY-L051 Ferroptosis Compound Library
Ferroptosis is a novel type of cell death program that is distinct from apoptosis, necroptosis and autophagy. It is dependent on iron and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and is characterized by lipid peroxidation. As a novel type of cell death, ferroptosis has distinct properties and recognizing functions involved in physical conditions or various diseases including cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, acute renal failure, etc. MCE carefully collected a unique collection of 1,255 ferroptosis signaling pathway related compounds with ferroptosis-inducing or -inhibitory activity. MCE Ferroptosis Compound Library is a useful tool to study ferroptosis mechanism as well as related diseases.

Signaling Pathway Targeting Libraries

84
HY-18258 Berberine chloride
Berberine chloride is an alkaloid that acts as an antibiotic. Berberine chloride induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inhibits DNA topoisomerase. Antineoplastic properties.
Topoisomerase   Autophagy   Bacterial   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Antibiotic   Endogenous Metabolite   Parasite  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Lung Cancer   Viral Infection   Bacterial Infection   Parasitic Infection   SARS-CoV-2 Infection  
83
HY-L924 Boronic acid/boronic ester fragment library
Boronic acid and boronic ester represent a relatively novel and promising chemical structure in drug design. Boronic acid exists in an sp²-hybridized state, possessing an empty p-orbital that can act as a Lewis acid to accept lone pairs from heteroatoms (O, N, or S). This Lewis acidity enables it to form reversible covalent bonds with amino acid residues such as lysine, serine, threonine, and histidine. Currently, five FDA-approved drugs containing boronic acid or boronic ester predominantly involve such covalent binding mechanisms in their interactions with target proteins. Furthermore, boronic acid can serve as a bioisostere for carboxylic acids, phosphates, and phenolic groups, utilized to improve pharmacokinetic properties and enhance drug efficacy. To date, five boron-containing drugs have been approved by the FDA. The unique properties of boronic acids and boronic esters confer significant potential in drug design, with applications spanning cancer therapy (e.g., multiple myeloma), anti-infectives (e.g., fungal infections, tuberculosis), anti-inflammatory treatments (e.g., atopic dermatitis), antibacterial agents (e.g., carbapenem-resistant bacterial infections), and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-responsive prodrugs, among others. The MCE Boronic Acid/Boronic Ester Fragment Library, which contains 1,488 compounds, serves as a valuable tool for the development of boron-containing drugs.

According to Fragment Structures

83
HY-N0716B Berberine sulfate
Berberine sulfate is an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese herbal medicine Huanglian, as an antibiotic. Berberine sulfate induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inhibits DNA topoisomerase. Berberine sulfate has antineoplastic properties. The sulfate form improves bioavailability.
Antibiotic   Topoisomerase   Autophagy   Bacterial   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Parasite   Apoptosis   PI3K   Akt   Caspase   JNK   AP-1   NF-κB  
Lung Cancer   Breast Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Ovarian Cancer   Viral Infection   Bacterial Infection   Parasitic Infection   Depression   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation   Cardiovascular Disease   Parkinson's Disease   Obesity   Lung Fibrosis  
80
HY-17577 Berberine chloride hydrate
Berberine chloride hydrate (Natural Yellow 18 chloride hydrate) is an alkaloid that acts as an antibiotic. Berberine chloride hydrate induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inhibits DNA topoisomerase. Antineoplastic properties.
Topoisomerase   Autophagy   Bacterial   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Antibiotic   Endogenous Metabolite   Parasite  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Lung Cancer   Viral Infection   Bacterial Infection   Parasitic Infection   SARS-CoV-2 Infection  
77
HY-B0764 Bucladesine sodium
Bucladesine (Dibutyryl cAMP; DBcAMP) sodium is a membrane-permeable 3′, 5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) analog. Bucladesine selectively activates cAMP dependent protein kinase (PKA) by increasing the intracellular level of cAMP. Bucladesine significantly attenuates MDMA-induced increases in hippocampal mitochondrial ROS formation, mitochondrial outer membrane damage, cytochrome c release, and hippocampal ADP/ATP ratio, thereby improving spatial learning and memory impairments. Bucladesine exhibit anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammation effect. Bucladesine can inhibit cancer cells proliferation, induce apoptosis. Bucladesine can be used for the researches of neurological disease, cancer, inflammation.
PKA   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Apoptosis  
Cancer   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Alzheimer's Disease  
52
HY-14536 Methylene Blue
Methylene blue (Basic Blue 9) is a guanylyl cyclase (sGC), monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Methylene blue is a vasopressor and is often used as a dye in several medical procedures. Methylene blue through the nitric oxide syntase/guanylate cyclase signalling pathway to reduce prepulse inhibition. Methylene blue is a REDOX cycling compound and able to cross the blood-brain barrier. Methylene blue is a Tau aggregation inhibitor. Methylene Blue is a photosensitizer and redox agent. Methylene blue reduces cerebral edema, attenuated microglial activation and reduced neuroinflammation.
Environmental Pollutants   Microtubule/Tubulin   Guanylate Cyclase   Monoamine Oxidase   NO Synthase  
Infection   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Breast Cancer  
30
HY-B1247A Protoporphyrin IX disodium
Protoporphyrin IX disodium is a final intermediate in the heme biosynthetic pathway, which acts as a radiation sensitizer enhancing ROS generation even in a hypoxic state and inducing DNA damage. Protoporphyrin IX disodium also acts as a photo sensitizer undergoing photobleaching that occurs through direct degradation by light irradiation. Protoporphyrin IX disodium is formed and accumulated following 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) (HY-W000450) administration in the tumor cells of rats. Protoporphyrin IX disodium causes selective improvement of basal cell carcinoma when activated red fluorescence of a peak wavelength at 405 nm. Protoporphyrin IX disodium is promising for research of sonodynamic and photodynamic agents for a wide range of cancers, such as bladder cancer and nodular basal cell carcinoma.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Cancer  
23
HY-B1247 Protoporphyrin IX
Protoporphyrin IX is a final intermediate in the heme biosynthetic pathway, which acts as a radiation sensitizer enhancing ROS generation even in a hypoxic state and inducing DNA damage. Protoporphyrin IX also acts as a photo sensitizer undergoing photobleaching that occurs through direct degradation by light irradiation. Protoporphyrin IX is formed and accumulated following 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) (HY-W000450) administration in the tumor cells of rats. Protoporphyrin IX causes selective improvement of basal cell carcinoma when activated red fluorescence of a peak wavelength at 405 nm. Protoporphyrin IX is promising for research of sonodynamic and photodynamic agents for a wide range of cancers, such as bladder cancer and nodular basal cell carcinoma.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Cancer   SARS-CoV-2 Infection  
23
HY-W000450 5-Aminolevulinic acid
5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA; δ-Aminolevulinic acid; 5-Amino-4-oxopentanoic acid) is an orally active heme precursor. 5-Aminolevulinic acid promotes aerobic energy metabolism and increases ATP levels by enhancing the activity of cytochrome c oxidase. 5-Aminolevulinic acid enhances LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokine production and gene activation, and restores the phagocytic activity and ROS generation capacity of neutrophils. 5-Aminolevulinic acid selectively accumulates protoporphyrin IX in tumor cells; as a photosensitizer and radiosensitizer, it induces ROS burst upon light or X-ray irradiation to inhibit tumor growth. 5-Aminolevulinic acid can be applied to the research of septic shock, melanoma, and cancer radiotherapy.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Gastric Cancer   Bladder Cancer  
21
HY-N0305 5-Aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride
5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA; δ-Aminolevulinic acid; 5-Amino-4-oxopentanoic acid) hydrochloride is an orally active heme precursor. 5-Aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride promotes aerobic energy metabolism and increases ATP levels by enhancing the activity of cytochrome c oxidase. 5-Aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride enhances LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokine production and gene activation, and restores the phagocytic activity and ROS generation capacity of neutrophils. 5-Aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride selectively accumulates protoporphyrin IX in tumor cells; as a photosensitizer and radiosensitizer, it induces ROS burst upon light or X-ray irradiation to inhibit tumor growth. 5-Aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride can be applied to the research of septic shock, melanoma, and cancer radiotherapy.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Colorectal Cancer   Melanoma   Digestive System Inflammation   Glioblastoma   Alzheimer's Disease  
21
HY-W854659 Chlorin e6 trisodium
Chlorin e6 Ce6 (trisodium) is a water-soluble derivative of chlorophyll, belonging to the chlorin class of photosensitizers with an absorption wavelength range of 600-670 nm. Chlorin e6 trisodium emits characteristic red fluorescence upon light excitation, enabling real-time identification of tumor boundaries and progression. Chlorin e6 trisodium can be used for the study of photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancers (bladder cancer) and fluorescence diagnosis of neoplastic lesions.
Photosensitizer  
Cancer  
20
HY-13594 Chlorin e6
Chlorin e6 is a photosensitizer and has strong absorption peaks at wavelength of 402 and 662 nm, as well as exhibiting intense fluorescence at 668 nm. Chlorin e6 has antimicrobial efficacy and anticancer activity. Chlorin e6 induces cell apoptosis via caspase-3 activation and can be used for the research of cancer.
MOFs   Bcl-2 Family   Caspase   PARP   Apoptosis   Fluorescent Dye  
Cancer   Infection  
20
HY-N0052A Sanguinarine chloride
Sanguinarine (Sanguinarin) chloride, a benzophenanthridine alkaloid derived from the root of Sanguinaria Canadensis, can stimulate apoptosis via activating the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sanguinarine-induced apoptosis is associated with the activation of JNK and NF-κB.
Apoptosis   Autophagy   Bacterial   Parasite  
Cancer  
16
HY-B0754 Hematoporphyrin
Hematoporphyrin (Hematoporphyrin IX), a photosensitizer, is a substrate for affinity chromatography of heme-binding proteins. Hematoporphyrin can induce apoptosis in U87 glioma cells and decrease tumor growth in vivo when exposed to red light.
Apoptosis   Endogenous Metabolite  
15
HY-B0754A Hematoporphyrin dihydrochloride
Hematoporphyrin dihydrochloride (Hematoporphyrin IX dihydrochloride), a photosensitizer, is a substrate for affinity chromatography of heme-binding proteins. Hematoporphyrin dihydrochloride can induce apoptosis in U87 glioma cells and decrease tumor growth in vivo when exposed to red light.
Apoptosis   Endogenous Metabolite  
15
HY-16488 Temoporfin
Temoporfin (m-THPC), a reduced porphyrin, is a potent second-generation photosensitizer. Temoporfin can be used in the research of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for head and neck cancers.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Cancer   SARS-CoV-2 Infection  
12
HY-15930B TMB dihydrochloride x.hydrate
TMB (dihydrochloride x.hydrate) is the dihydrochloride x hydrate form of TMB (HY-15930). TMB (dihydrochloride x.hydrate) is a non-toxic, non-mutagenic, colorless dye that is also used as a chromogenic agent in enzyme detection systems based on horseradish peroxidase (HRP). TMB (dihydrochloride x.hydrate) can function as a photoacoustic probe for reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), reacting with hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, singlet oxygen, and nitrogen dioxide to produce blue oxidation products. TMB (dihydrochloride x.hydrate) can detect the singlet oxygen produced by the outer membrane of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922.
Fluorescent Dye   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
8
HY-N0578 Apigenin 7-glucoside
Apigenin-7-glucoside (Apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside) exhibits significant anti-proliferative and antioxidant activity and scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Cancer   Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
8
HY-15930 TMB
TMB is a non-toxic, non-mutagenic, colorless dye that is also used as a chromogenic agent in enzyme detection systems based on horseradish peroxidase (HRP). TMB can function as a photoacoustic probe for reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), reacting with hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, singlet oxygen, and nitrogen dioxide to produce blue oxidation products. TMB can detect the singlet oxygen produced by the outer membrane of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922.
Fluorescent Dye   MOFs   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Escherichia Coli Infection  
8
HY-B0739 Citicoline
Citicoline is an endogenous intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine which is a component of cell membranes. Citicoline inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Citicoline can be used for neurological disease and hearing loss study.

Source: Widespread

Apoptosis   Endogenous Metabolite   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Caspase  
Digestive System Disease   Neurodegenerative Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   SARS-CoV-2 Infection  
5
HY-16477 Talaporfin sodium
Talaporfin (ME2906) sodium is a chlorin based photosensitizer. Talaporfin sodium can be used for the research of various cancers by using photodynamic therapy (PDT).
Photosensitizer  
Prostate Cancer   SARS-CoV-2 Infection  
4
HY-128973 Pyropheophorbide-a
Pyropheophorbide-a (Ppa) is a photosensitizer used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for tumors. Pyropheophorbide-a exhibits phototoxic effects on tumor cells, such as cervical cancer cells, and also has anti-lipogenesis activity. Pyropheophorbide-a shows potential for research in the fields of cancer and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Pyropheophorbide-a derivatives also demonstrate inhibitory activity against tumor cells.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Pancreatic Cancer  
4
HY-P10350 PapRIV
PapRIV is an agonist of BV-2 microglial cells, capable of activating microglial cells through an NF-κB-dependent pathway. PapRIV induces the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNFα and increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). PapRIV can cross the blood-brain barrier.
NF-κB  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
3
HY-N8253 Spiraeoside
Spiraeoside, an orally active natural compound, exerts antioxidant activity, inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde production. Spiraeoside possesses antiallergic, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Cancer   Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
3
HY-13722 HPPH
HPPH (Photochlor) is a second generation photosensitizer, which acts as a photodynamic therapy (PDT) agent.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Cancer  
3
HY-134990 Hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether
Hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether, second generation of porphyrin-related photosensitizer, is characterized by its single form, high yield of singlet oxygen, high selectivity, and low toxicity, which has been widely used in the diagnosis and research of various tumors, including lung cancer, bladder cancer, and nevus flammeus and brain glioma.
Apoptosis  
Digestive System Disease   Lung Cancer   Digestive System Inflammation  
3
HY-B1157 Trioxsalen
Trioxsalen (Trisoralen), a psoralen derivative, is a photochemical DNA crosslinker. Trioxsalen only works after photoactivation with near ultraviolet light. Trioxsalen is a photosensitizer that can be used for the research of vitiligo and hand eczema. Trioxsalen is used for visualization of genomic interstrand cross-links localized by laser photoactivation.
DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Lung Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma  
3
HY-N0005R Curcumin (Standard)
Curcumin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Curcumin (HY-N0005). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Curcumin (Diferuloylmethane), a natural phenolic compound, is a p300/CREB-binding protein-specific inhibitor of acetyltransferase, represses the acetylation of histone/nonhistone proteins and histone acetyltransferase-dependent chromatin transcription. Curcumin is a photosensitizer against microorganisms. Curcumin shows inhibitory effects on NF-κB and MAPKs, and has diverse pharmacologic effects including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative and antiangiogenic activities. Curcumin induces stabilization of Nrf2 protein through Keap1 cysteine modification.
Reference Standards   Histone Acetyltransferase   Epigenetic Reader Domain   Keap1-Nrf2   Autophagy   Mitophagy   Influenza Virus   Ferroptosis  
Cancer   Infection   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
3
HY-N0139 Troxerutin
Troxerutin, also known as vitamin P4, is a tri-hydroxyethylated derivative of natural bioflavonoid rutins which can inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and depress ER stress-mediated NOD activation.
NOD-like Receptor (NLR)  
Cancer   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Autoimmune Disease   Glucose Metabolism   SARS-CoV-2 Infection  
3
HY-108537 L 012 sodium salt
L 012 sodium salt is a luminal-based chemiluminescent probe. L 012 sodium salt can detect NADPH oxidase (Nox)-derived superoxide and nitrogen species (reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS)).
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
3
HY-128972 Purpurin 18
Purpurin 18, a derivative of chlorophyll and a type of dihydroporphyrin, is used to produce photosensitizers. Purpurin 18 photodynamic therapy can induce cell apoptosis and has anti-tumor activity.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Apoptosis  
Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation  
2
HY-137473 Methyl pyropheophorbide-a
Methyl pyropheophorbide-a (Pyropheophorbide-a methyl ester), a chlorophyll-a derivative, is a potent photosensitizer that can be used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer. Methyl pyropheophorbide-a has photodynamic activity and can induce apoptosis and inhibit tumor growth.
Apoptosis  
Cancer   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation  
2
HY-N2575 Hypocrellin A
Hypocrellin A is a PKC inhibitor that exerts antidiabetic activity by reversing the effects of high glucose on endothelin (ET-1) expression. Hypocrellin A is also a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT) with anticancer, antibacterial and antiviral activities, especially against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In addition, Hypocrellin-A also possesses anti-Leishmania activity (IC50=0.27 μg/ml).

Source: Shiraia bambusicola

PKC   Bacterial   Parasite   HIV   VSV   VEGFR   Bcl-2 Family   Apoptosis  
Breast Cancer   Colorectal Cancer   Liver Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Ovarian Cancer   Viral Infection   Bacterial Infection   Parasitic Infection   Digestive System Inflammation   Glucose Metabolism   Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer   Lung Fibrosis  
2
HY-113011 Maltotriose
Maltotriose is a maltooligosaccharide and a specific inducer of the Escherichia coli maltose operon. The oligosaccharide structure of Maltotriose acts as a highly efficient drug delivery carrier, which significantly enhances the targeting ability and water solubility of photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy for pancreatic cancer.
Endogenous Metabolite  
2
HY-125665 Pheophorbide A
Pheophorbide A is an intermediate product in the chlorophyll degradation pathway. Pheophorbide A can be used as a photosensitizer. Pheophorbide A is a lymphatic vascular activator. Pheophorbide A has antitumor activity. Pheophorbide A can be used for human lymphatic vascular insufficiencies research.

Source: Botrytis cinerea

Apoptosis  
Cancer   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   Cardiovascular Disease  
2
HY-W010382 Oxaloacetic acid
Oxaloacetic acid (2-Oxosuccinic acid) is a metabolic intermediate involved in several ways, such as citric acid cycle, gluconeogenesis, the urea cycle, the glyoxylate cycle, amino acid synthesis, and fatty acid synthesis, whereby Oxaloacetic acid facilitates the clearance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and improves mitochondrial function.
Endogenous Metabolite   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
2
HY-126841 5-Methoxysterigmatocystin
5-Methoxysterigmatocystin is a mycotoxin with cytotoxic and genotoxic properties. 5-Methoxysterigmatocystin exhibits cytotoxicity against cancer cells A549 and HepG2 (IC50 of 5.5 and 0.7 μM), and induces DNA damage. 5-Methoxysterigmatocystin is a photosensitizer, which utilizes the visible to generate singlet oxygen (1O2).

Source: mycelium of an Aspergillus species

Photosensitizer  
1
HY-B0146R Verteporfin (Standard)
Verteporfin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Verteporfin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Verteporfin (CL 318952) is a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy to eliminate the abnormal blood vessels in the eye associated with conditions such as age-related macular degeneration. Verteporfin is a YAP inhibitor which disrupts YAP-TEAD interactions. Verteporfin induces cell apoptosis. Verteporfinis an autophagy inhibitor that blocks autophagy at an early stage by inhibiting autophagosome formation.
Reference Standards   YAP   Apoptosis   Autophagy  
Cancer  
1
HY-150970 ICy-OH
ICy-OH, an iodinated photosensitizer, is an effective anticancer agent. ICy-OH can be used not only for deep tissue imaging (λex=640 nm，λem=690-740 nm) but also to selectively induce cell death in pancreatic cancer cells via cell pyroptosis pathway.
Pyroptosis  
1
HY-111959 2-Selenouracil
2-Selenouracil is a useful specialized photosensitizer for photodynamical therapy.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
1
HY-W250307 Diphenyliodonium iodide
Diphenyliodonium iodide is an inhibitor of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Diphenyliodonium iodide can inhibit the accumulation of bisdemethoxycurcumin in fresh-cut yam by inhibiting the phenylpropanoid pathway and the biosynthesis of bisdemethoxycurcumin, thereby preventing the yellowing of fresh-cut yam. Diphenyliodonium iodide can be used in medicine and fruit preservation.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
1
HY-W073074 Mesoporphyrin IX dihydrochloride
Mesoporphyrin IX (dihydrochloride) is a photosensitizer that can be used to modify liposomes. Mesoporphyrin IX (dihydrochloride) can insert into lipid vesicles and disrupt the viral membrane structure in vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), inducing cross-linking of VSV glycoproteins, thereby inhibiting viral activity.
VSV  
Infection  
1
HY-D1719A Cypate hydrochloride
Cypate is a near-infrared fluorescent dye that belongs to the family of photosensitizers. Cypate has high photostability and optical properties, and is often used in near-infrared optical imaging, as well as optical imaging, tumor marking, and drug delivery. In addition, Cypate is also used as a molecular probe and combined with targeting molecules (such as CBT or small interfering RNA) to achieve efficient detection and imaging of specific cells or tissues.
Fluorescent Dye  
Cancer  
1
HY-137475 Chlorin e6 trimethyl ester
Chlorin e6 trimethyl ester, a methyl pheophorbide-a derivative, is a photosensitizer that can be used in photodynamic therapy (PDT).
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Cancer  
1
HY-A0169A Methyl aminolevulinate hydrochloride
Methyl aminolevulinate hydrochloride is a sensitizer used in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Methyl aminolevulinate hydrochloride penetrates the skin and induces the production of photoactive porphyrins including protoporphyrin IX in cells; upon exposure to appropriate light, it generates ROS, which triggers cellular oxidation and cell death. Methyl aminolevulinate hydrochloride acts as a photo-damage reversing agent through epidermal reconstruction, cytokine-mediated activation of dermal fibroblasts, elastin breakdown, new collagen formation, and compression of dilated capillaries. Methyl aminolevulinate hydrochloride reduces the expression of the proliferation marker Ki-67 and the early skin carcinogenesis marker TP53. Methyl aminolevulinate hydrochloride delays the onset of ultraviolet-induced skin tumors and reduces tumor burden in hairless mice. Methyl aminolevulinate hydrochloride is applicable to research related to actinic keratosis and basal cell carcinoma.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Photosensitizer  
Cancer  
1
HY-N1453 Hypocrellin B
Hypocrellin B, a pigment isolated from the fungi Hypocrella bambusae and Shiraia bambusicola, is an apoptosis inducer. Hypocrellin B can be used as a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy of cancer. Hypocrellin B also has antimicrobial and antileishmanial activities.

Source: Hypocrella bambusae, Shiraia bambusicola

Apoptosis   Fungal   Parasite  
Infection  
1
HY-17644 Redaporfin
Redaporfin (LUZ11) acts as a potent photosensitizer. Redaporfin causes direct antineoplastic effects as well as indirect immune-dependent destruction of malignant lesions.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Cancer  
1
HY-126861 2'-Deoxy-5-formylcytidine
2'-Deoxy-5-formylcytidine is an effective internal triplet photosensitizer in DNA. 2'-Deoxy-5-formylcytidine could act as a new hot spot in DNA photodamage.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
1
HY-N0332 Ziyuglycoside II
Ziyuglycoside II is a triterpenoid saponin compound extracted from Sanguisorba officinalis L.. Ziyuglycoside II induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis. Anti-inflammation and anti-cancer effect.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Apoptosis  
Cancer   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation  
1
HY-Y1819 2-Acetonaphthone
2-Acetonaphthone is a synthetic fragrance material. 2-Acetonaphthone increases ROS under UVA/sunlight, leading to endoplasmic reticulum stress and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. 2-Acetonaphthone can be used as an adulterant in a variety of cosmetics. 2-Acetonaphthone can be used for the study of skin keratinization
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Mitochondrial Metabolism  
Cancer   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   Parkinson's Disease  
1
HY-Y0546 Benzophenone
Benzophenone is an endogenous metabolite. Benzophenone is a photosensitizer, that absorbs UV light, transfers its energy to DNA, and triggers DNA damage. Benzophenone can be used as the fragrance enhancer, ultraviolet curing agent, additive in plastics, or the flavor ingredient. Benzophenone can also be used in the manufacturing of insecticides, agricultural chemicals, hypnotics, antihistamines, and other pharmaceuticals. Benzophenone exhibits certain carcinogenicity in mouse/rat models under long term exposure. Benzophenone exhibits estrogenic activity.
Environmental Pollutants   Photosensitizer   Endogenous Metabolite  
1
HY-DY1002 H2DCFDA (solution)
H2DCFDA (DCFH-DA) (solution) is a cell-permeable probe used to detect intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) (Ex/Em=488/525 nm) .
Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 10 mM.
The 1 mL volume is defined as the base specification. All larger sizes correspond to incremental volumes of this base.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Fluorescent Dye  
1
HY-D0214 Acid Red 94 sodium
Acid Red 94 sodium, a synthetic fluorescein derivative, is a deep red dye primarily composed of 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-2,4,5,7-tetraiodo fluorescein. It is widely used as an ophthalmic diagnostic agent to detect dry or damaged cells on the ocular surface. Acid Red 94 sodium exhibits antitumor activity and can inhibit Friend Leukemia Virus (FLV) infection through photodynamic action. Additionally, Acid Red 94 sodium can inhibit Aβ aggregation through light irradiation. Acid Red 94 sodium holds potential for use in cancer, viral infections, and neurodegenerative disease research.
Influenza Virus   Photosensitizer   Amyloid-β  
Cancer   Infection   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease  
1
HY-185390 Verteporfin liposome
Liposomal verteporfin is a liposome-encapsulated form of Verteporfin (HY-B0146). Verteporfin is a photosensitizer used in photodynamic therapy, which generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon irradiation at 690 nm to mediate photodynamic effects. Liposomal verteporfin can promote the release of Oxaliplatin (HY-17371) from endolysosomes via photochemical internalization (PCI), prolong the drug circulation time and enable sustained release, accumulate the drug in neovascular vessels, and enhance its cytotoxicity in tumor models. Liposomal verteporfin can be used in studies related to neovascular eye diseases and pancreatic cancer.
Liposome   YAP   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Pancreatic Cancer   Cerebrovascular Disease  
/
HY-Y1129R 3-Hydroxypyridine (Standard)
3-Hydroxypyridine (Standard) is the analytical standard of 3-Hydroxypyridine (HY-Y1129). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 3-Hydroxypyridine is a compound that can be isolated from bamboo grass. As an endogenous photosensitizer present in human skin, 3-hydroxypyridine can mediate oxidative stress, proliferation inhibition and apoptosis of skin cells through UVA/UVB excitation.
Photosensitizer   Reference Standards   Apoptosis  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-147690 Photosensitizer-2
Photosensitizer-2 (compound 1) is a organic D-π-A sensitizer against phototoxicity. Photosensitizer-2 contains an acrylic acid moiety that exerts high levels of phototoxicity. Photosensitizer-2 shows antitumor activity against HeLa cells, with IC50 values of 20.9 ± 4.5 μM (dark) and 0.046 ± 0.012 μM (irradiation), respectively.
Photosensitizer  
Cancer  
/
HY-181906 ZnPc-PEG2-VH032
ZnPc-PEG2-VH032 is a VHL-pathway-dependent photodegradation targeting chimera (PDTAC) and cytotoxic agent. ZnPc-PEG2-VH032 (HY-120217) binds to the VHL ligand domain, and then specifically degrades VHL under light irradiation, a process independent of non-specific ROS-mediated protein damage. ZnPc-PEG2-VH032 uses Zinc phthalocyanine (HY-19204) as a photosensitizer, and generates ROS via type I and type II photodynamic pathways under 680 nm LED irradiation. On one hand, it targets and degrades the bound VHL protein through ROS; on the other hand, it exerts direct photodynamic cytotoxicity. Meanwhile, the degradation of VHL downregulates the phosphorylation level of CDK2/4, induces cell cycle arrest in tumor cells, further enhances the sensitivity of tumor cells to oxidative damage caused by ROS, and achieves a synergistic anti-tumor effect. ZnPc-PEG2-VH032 exerts significant in vivo efficacy in an orthotopic mouse model of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).
PROTACs   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   CDK  
Bladder Cancer  
/
HY-182066 Photosensitizer-9
Photosensitizer-9 is an iridium (III)-based photosensitizer with anti-melanoma activity. Photosensitizer-9 exhibits significant phototoxicity (IC50=0.98 μM) and an ideal phototoxicity index (PI=3.05). Under light irradiation, Photosensitizer-9 generates large amounts of intracellular •OH in an oxygen-independent manner. Photosensitizer-9 mediates photodynamic therapy under hypoxic conditions and synergistically activates PANoptosis (by upregulating cleaved Caspase-3, GSDMD-N, p-MLKL), ferroptosis (by disrupting the GSH-GPX4-LPO axis), apoptosis, pyroptosis and necroptosis in melanoma cells. Photosensitizer-9 induces immunogenic cell death by promoting the release of damage-associated molecular patterns under hypoxic conditions and increases the maturation rate of dendritic cells. Photosensitizer-9 reduces tumor volume in melanoma-bearing mice. Photosensitizer-9 is applicable to relevant studies on melanoma.
PANoptosis  
/
HY-19873 SL-052
SL-052 is a hypocrellin-based photosensitizer that has recently shown promising results in clinical and preclinical testing for cancer photodynamic therapy (PDT). SL-052 is encapsulated in biodegradable polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) polymer nanoparticles optimized using single emulsion solvent evaporation technology. The SL-052-PLGA nanoparticles were more effective in PDT treatment of subcutaneous SCCVII squamous cell carcinoma compared to polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-based and standard liposomal SL-052 formulations. A longer time interval between drug injection and tumor illumination can improve tumor cure rates, and SL-052-PLGA nanoparticles showed the best therapeutic effect among all SL-052 formulations.
Photosensitizer  
Cancer  
/
HY-176724 ZnPc-O3-JQ1
ZnPc-O3-JQ1 is a photoactivatable BRD4-targeting degrader and photosensitizer, composed of monosubstituted amino zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc), the BRD4 ligand JQ1, and a PEG linker. Upon activation by light, ZnPc-O3-JQ1 generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induces BRD4 degradation in an E3 ubiquitin ligase-independent manner. BRD4 degradation further reduces HIF-1α and GCL levels and restricts the SLC7A11/GSH-related antioxidant response, thereby enhancing photodynamic therapy-associated oxidative stress. ZnPc-O3-JQ1 can be used in research related to bladder cancer.
Epigenetic Reader Domain   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase  
Bladder Cancer  
/
HY-171481 Thio-acridone
Thio-acridone (SACD) is a photosensitizer (HAF-PSs). Thio-acridone forms a long-lived triplet state upon excitation by 470 nm visible light,, ultimately generating singlet oxygen to damage the structures and functions of target cells such as cancer cells. Thio-acridone is promising for research of cancers. Thio-acridone is a CDK4/Cyclin D1 inhibitor (IC50 = 2 uM).
CDK  
Cancer  
/
HY-180825 Anticancer agent 292
Anticancer agent 292 (Compound P4) is a photosensitizer for anti-melanoma. Anticancer agent 292 shows good biocompatibility under dark conditions and, upon illumination, induces apoptosis and partial necrosis in B16-F10 cells by disrupting the lysosomal membrane. Anticancer agent 292 not only directly kills tumor cells through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), but also induces immune-prone cell death (ICD), thereby generating anti-tumor immune effects. Anticancer agent 292 can be used in the research of photodynamic therapy for melanoma.
Apoptosis   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Cancer Immunology   Immunotherapy for Melanoma  
/
HY-D1293 Photosensitizer-1
Photosensitizer-1 (Compound CLB-13) is a photosensitizer.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
/
HY-Y1129S 3-Hydroxypyridine-d4
3-Hydroxypyridine-d4 is the deuterium labeled 3-Hydroxypyridine (HY-Y1129). 3-Hydroxypyridine is a compound that can be isolated from bamboo grass. As an endogenous photosensitizer present in human skin, 3-hydroxypyridine can mediate oxidative stress, proliferation inhibition and apoptosis of skin cells through UVA/UVB excitation.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Photosensitizer   Apoptosis  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-P11116 Periplanetasin-2
Periplanetasin-2 is an antifungal peptide that induces oxidative stress through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation. Periplanetasin-2 can also induce apoptosis.
Bacterial   Apoptosis   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Infection  
/
HY-137474 Purpurin 18 methyl ester
Purpurin 18 methyl ester, a chlorophyll-a derivative, is a photosensitizer that can be used in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Purpurin 18 methyl ester has photodynamic activity to induce cancer cell death.

Source: sponge Stelletta clavosa

Photosensitizer  
/
HY-175591 Photosensitizer-7
Photosensitizer-7 is a endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-targeted photosensitizer (PS) (λab = 610 nm, λem = 622 nm). Photosensitizer-7shows an IC50 of 4.006 μM in HeLa cells and 3.28 μM in MCF-7 cells under light irradiation. Photosensitizer-7 exhibits dose-dependent cellular uptake and predominant colocalization with ER. Photosensitizer-7 induces dose-dependent intracellular ROS generation, reduces mitochondrial membrane potential, and increases apoptosis upon light irradiation in cells. Photosensitizer-7 significantly inhibits tumor growth in MCF-7 tumor-bearing mice. Photosensitizer-7 can be used for the study of photodynamic anticancer applications.
Photosensitizer   Apoptosis   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
/
HY-147915 Benz-AP
Benz-AP is a potent photosensitizer. Benz-AP produces singlet oxygen, with a negative correlation with hCES2 (Human carboxylesterase 2) activity. Benz-AP displays a higher photocytotoxicity potency in cancer cells under low hCES2 environments. Upon TPE (Two-photon excitation), Benz-AP produces ROS and kills cancer cells and tumor spheroids.
Carboxylesterase (CES)   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
/
HY-DY1092 Chlorin e6 (solution)
Chlorin e6 (solution) (Ce6 (solution)) is a photosensitizer and has strong absorption peaks at wavelength of 402 and 662 nm, as well as exhibiting intense fluorescence at 668 nm. Chlorin e6 has antimicrobial efficacy and anticancer activity. Chlorin e6 induces cell apoptosis via caspase-3 activation and can be used for the research of cancer.
Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 10 mM
The 1 mL volume is defined as the base specification. All larger sizes correspond to incremental volumes of this base.
Caspase   PARP   Fluorescent Dye   Apoptosis   Bcl-2 Family  
/
HY-155070 SRE-II
SRE-II, an amide derivative, is an activatable photosensitizer for photodynamic cancer research with decreased fluorescence and photosensitizing capabilities. SRE-II can be further converted into the active photosensitizer SDU Red via carboxylesterase-catalyzed amide bond cleavage. SRE-II induces DNA damage and cell apoptosis in the presence of light. SRE-II can act as a promising theranostic agent for triple-negative breast cancer.
DNA/RNA Synthesis   Apoptosis  
Cancer  
/
HY-169434 LTB
LTB is a prodrug formed by coupling glycolysis inhibitor (Lonidamine (HY-B0486)) with PD1/PDL1 blocker (BMS-1 (HY-19991)) by thioketal linkage. LTB can further encapsulate photosensitizer chlorine e6 (Ce6) (HY-13594) to construct a co-delivery photodynamic nanoplatform (LTB-6 NPs) by self-assembly.
PD-1/PD-L1  
Cancer  
/
HY-B0849S Azoxystrobin-d4
Azoxystrobin-d4 is deuterium labeled Azoxystrobin. Azoxystrobin is a broad-spectrum β-methoxyacrylate fungicide. Azoxystrobin inhibits mitochondrial respiration by binding to the Qo site of the cytochrome bc1 complex and inhibiting electron transfer. Azoxystrobin induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induces cell apoptosis.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Fungal   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Apoptosis  
Infection  
/
HY-176726 ZnPc-amide-PEG3-C2-NH2
ZnPc-amide-PEG3-C2-NH2 is a photosensitizer-linker conjugate which consists of ZnPcPs (HY-176725) and a linker (HY-W040165). ZnPc-amide-PEG3-C2-NH2 can be used to synthesize the photo-activated BRD4 degrader pZnPc-O3-JQ1 (HY-176724).
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Cancer  
/
HY-N16417 Elsinochrome C
Elsinochrome C is a photosensitizer. Elsinochrome C relies on light activation to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as singlet oxygen (1O2), inducing apoptosis or directly disrupting pathogen structures. Elsinochrome C is promising for research of skin cancers, HIV-associated infections, and refractory skin diseases.

Source: endophytic fungus Shiraiaia sp.Slf14.

Apoptosis   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Cancer   Infection  
/
HY-D2309 IRDye700Dx (Maleimide)
IRDye700Dx Maleimide is a Photosensitizer. When conjugated with HER2 Affibody and activated by near-infrared light, IRDye700Dx Maleimide induces death in HER2-positive breast cancer cells without causing damage to HER2-negative breast cancer cells.
Fluorescent Dye   Photosensitizer  
HER-2 Positive Breast Cancer  
/
HY-N1453R Hypocrellin B (Standard)
Hypocrellin B (Standard) is the analytical standard of Hypocrellin B. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Hypocrellin B, a pigment isolated from the fungi Hypocrella bambusae and Shiraia bambusicola, is an apoptosis inducer. Hypocrellin B can be used as a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy of cancer. Hypocrellin B also has antimicrobial and antileishmanial activities[1][2][3].
Reference Standards   Apoptosis   Fungal   Parasite  
Cancer   Infection  
/
HY-W127725 Thymolphthalexon tetrasodium
Thymolphthalexon (tetrasodium) is an organic compound commonly used as a reagent in biochemical assays. It belongs to the family of thioxanthone derivatives and has strong antioxidant properties. Thymolphthalexon has several applications in the study of free radical response, oxidative stress, and aging. In addition, it can be used as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy for the improvement of cancer and other diseases.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-146416 Antitumor photosensitizer-2
Antitumor photosensitizer-2 (Compound 11) is a potent photosensitizer. Antitumor photosensitizer-2 has outstanding photodynamic anti-tumor effects without obvious skin photo-toxicity, and can act as new agent candidates for photodynamic research.
Photosensitizer  
Cancer  
/
HY-156092 Antitumor photosensitizer-4
Antitumor photosensitizer-4 (compound 10b) is a potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeting ABCG2. Antitumor photosensitizer-4 is a photosensitizer (PS) consisting of a conjugate of dasatinib (HY-10181) and imatinib (HY-15463). Antitumor photosensitizer-4 induces apoptosis and ROS production and exhibits strong phototoxicity to HepG2 and B16-F10 cells.
BCRP   Apoptosis  
/
HY-183570 Antitumor photosensitizer-11
Antitumor photosensitizer-11 is a type-I carbazole/benzindolium photosensitizer with antitumor activity. Antitumor photosensitizer-11 induces ROS generation via a type-I pathway, forming superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals. Antitumor photosensitizer-11 triggers immunogenic cell death in cancer cells via enhanced oxidative stress. Antitumor photosensitizer-11 exhibits antiproliferative activity in normoxic and hypoxic environments, inhibits breast cancer tumor growth in vivo, and promotes dendritic cell maturation and T cell infiltration. Antitumor photosensitizer-11 can be used for the research of cancer, such as breast cancer.
Photosensitizer   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Cancer  
/
HY-162587 Fagopyrine
Fagopyrine is a DNA topoisomerase I (Topo I) inhibitor. Fagopyrine is a photosensitizer that can be used in the study of tumors.
Topoisomerase  
Cancer  
/
HY-B0166E L-Ascorbic acid magnesium
L-Ascorbic acid (L-Ascorbate) magnesium, an electron donor, is an endogenous antioxidant. L-Ascorbic acid selectively inhibits Cav3.2 channels with an IC50 of 6.5 μM. L-Ascorbic acid is also a collagen deposition promoter and elastin production inhibitor. L-Ascorbic acid exhibits anticancer effects by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and selectively damaging cancer cells.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Calcium Channel   Apoptosis   Endogenous Metabolite  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease  
/
HY-P99500 Cetuximab sarotalocan
Cetuximab sarotalocan (RM-1929) is an IRdye700DX (near-infrared photosensitizing dye) conjugate of Cetuximab (anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody). Cetuximab sarotalocan can be used for head and neck cancers research.
EGFR  
/
HY-180169 Photosensitizer-8
Photosensitizer-8 (Compound 4), 2-anthrol derivative, is an alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-activatable photosensitizer. Photosensitizer-8 undergoes a phosphate ester hydrolysis reaction in the presence of ALP, rapidly converting into the active photosensitizer 2-anthrol. Photosensitizer-8 exhibits cytotoxicity against ALP-overexpressing cancer cells (HeLa, A549, HCT116) after light exposure, with IC50 values of 14.3 μM, 21.6 μM and 17.5 μM, respectively, while showing no significant cytotoxicity against normal lung fibroblasts (WI-38) (IC50 ≥ 30 μM). Photosensitizer-8 can be used in photodynamic therapy research for ALP-overexpression-related cancers.
Photosensitizer   Drug Derivative  
Cancer  
/
HY-162825 Antitumor photosensitizer-7
Antitumor photosensitizer-7 (compound 15) is a photosensitizer with anti-cancer activity. Antitumor photosensitizer-7 exhibits significant cytotoxicity against the G361 melanoma cell line under 414 nm blue light irradiation.
Photosensitizer  
Cancer  
/
HY-162129 Antitumor agent-131
Antitumor agent-131 (Compound 2-p) is an ER fluorescent probe with an IC50 value of 23 nM for HepG2 tumor cells. Antitumor agent-131 can be used as a photosensitizer for the study of cancer photodynamics.
Photosensitizer  
/
HY-155003 TPEQM-DMA
TPEQM-DMA is a NIR-II photosensitizer. TPEQM-DMA accumulates in cancerous mitochondria, and inhibits cancer cell growth. TPEQM-DMA has potent type-I phototherapeutic efficacy to overcome the intrinsic pitfalls of PDT in combating hypoxic tumors.
Fluorescent Dye  
/
HY-168261 CQ-ER
CQ-ER is a Coumarin (HY-N0709)-Quinazolinone based endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-targeted photosensitizer. CQ-ER can cause ferroptosis, thereby enhancing photodynamic therapy (PDT).
Ferroptosis  
Cancer  
/
HY-W746295 3-Hydroxypyridine-d5
3-Hydroxypyridine-d5 is the deuterium labeled 3-Hydroxypyridine (HY-Y1129). 3-Hydroxypyridine is a compound that can be isolated from bamboo grass. As an endogenous photosensitizer present in human skin, 3-hydroxypyridine can mediate oxidative stress, proliferation inhibition and apoptosis of skin cells through UVA/UVB excitation.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Photosensitizer   Apoptosis  
/
HY-161668 Ru-Poma
Ru-Poma is a Ru(II)-based photosensitizer, which attenuates Cisplatin (HY-17394)-resistant tumor through photodynamic therapy (PDT). Ru-Poma photodegrades CRBN through a Pomalidomide (HY-10984) moiety. Ru-Poma induces ferroptosis, through an increase in lipid peroxide, downregulation of GPX4 and GAPDH expression. Ru-Poma exhibits cytotoxicity in A549, with IC50 of 18.46 μM and 0.37 μM in dark and upon irradiation, respectively.
Ligands for E3 Ligase   Ferroptosis  
/
HY-163034 Antitumor photosensitizer-5
Antitumor photosensitizer-5 (Ru2) is a photosensitizer which effectively target tumor mitochondria with an IC50 of 0.3 μM for phototoxicity to A549 cells. Under 460 nm light irradiation, antitumor photosensitizer-5 induces the generation of reactive oxygen species and NADH depletion, causes mitochondrial damage and activation of caspase-3, inducing apoptosis and suppressing cell migration. Antitumor photosensitizer-5 has the potential to prevent the growth of malignant tumors, therefore, shows the potential to be applied to photodynamic therapy.
Apoptosis   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Cancer  
/
HY-128419 Biguanidinium-porphyrin
Biguanidinium-porphyrin is a mitochondria-targeting photosensitizer. Biguanidinium-porphyrin distributes within cell membranes with a large component in vesicles that correlated to some extent with the lysosomes and, upon longer exposures, in mitochondria and the cytosolic membrane.
Photosensitizer  
/
HY-151940 Mal-Pc
Mal-Pc is a versatile molecular photosensitizer designed based phthalocyanine and maleimides. Mal-Pc can react with GSH to deplete GSH and reduce aggregation, thereby improving ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species)-mediated effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in cancer cells.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
/
HY-13663 Lemuteporfin
Lemuteporfin (QLT-0074) is a benzoporphyrin derivative, diethylene glycol functionalized chlorin-type photosensitizer. Lemuteporfin rapidly sensitizes cells to photodynamic therapy. Lemuteporfin has anticancer activity against acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Photosensitizer   Drug Derivative  
Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma  
/
HY-N2575R Hypocrellin A (Standard)
Hypocrellin A (Standard) is the analytical standard of Hypocrellin A. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Hypocrellin A is a PKC inhibitor that exerts antidiabetic activity by reversing the effects of high glucose on endothelin (ET-1) expression. Hypocrellin A is also a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT) with anticancer, antibacterial and antiviral activities, especially against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In addition, Hypocrellin-A also possesses anti-Leishmania activity (IC50=0.27 μg/ml)[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9].
Reference Standards   PKC   Bacterial   Parasite   HIV   VSV   VEGFR   Bcl-2 Family   Apoptosis  
Cancer   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Bacterial Infection  
/
HY-159485 NFh-ALP
NFh-ALP is an alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-activatable photosensitizer. NFh-ALP could be activated by ALP in cells and generate 1O2 under 808 nm excitation, effectively killing tumor cells by inducing apoptosis and having good biocompatibility. The maximum absorption wavelength of NFh-ALP is about 656 nm.
Phosphatase  
/
HY-175214 Antitumor photosensitizer-9
Antitumor photosensitizer-9 is a near-infrared Photosensitizer (PS) with a high singlet oxygen production rate (relative rate = 1.79). Antitumor photosensitizer-9 exhibits strong phototoxicity against various cancer cells and induces ROS generation under light irradiation. Antitumor photosensitizer-9 inhibits tumor growth in vivo and exhibits excellent anticancer photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficacy at low drug and light doses. Antitumor photosensitizer-9 can be used in photodynamic therapy research.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Photosensitizer  
/
HY-182919 Antitumor photosensitizer-10
Antitumor photosensitizer-10 is an antitumor photosensitizer. Upon near-infrared irradiation, Antitumor photosensitizer-10 generates superoxide anions, reduces the copper-binding capacity of glutathione, releases copper ions, and thereby induces cuproptosis in tumor cells (cuproptosis). Antitumor photosensitizer-10 can be used in breast cancer-related research.
Cuproptosis   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Breast Cancer  
/
HY-W008566R Norharmane (Standard)
Norharmane (Standard) is the analytical standard of Norharmane. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Norharmane (Norharman), a β-carboline alkaloid, is a potent and reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor, with IC50 values of 6.5 and 4.7 μM for MAO-A and MAO-B, respectively. Norharmane causes antidepressant responses. Norharmane is also a prospective anti-cancer photosensitizer. Norharmane alters polar auxin transport (PAT) by inhibiting PIN2, PIN3 and PIN7 transport proteins, thus causing a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings.
Reference Standards   Monoamine Oxidase   Endogenous Metabolite  
Cancer   Infection   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease  
/
HY-146414 Antitumor photosensitizer-1
Antitumor photosensitizer-1 (Compound 8) is a potent photosensitizer. Antitumor photosensitizer-1 has outstanding photodynamic anti-tumor effects without obvious skin photo-toxicity, and can act as new agent candidates for photodynamic research.
Photosensitizer  
Cancer  
/
HY-D2979 OBADC-TPA
OBADC-TPA is a new type of photosensitizer. OBADC-TPA is commonly used to modify nanoparticles. OBADC-TPA can be used for precise optical imaging and research of lymphoma.
Photosensitizer  
/
HY-W008566S Norharmane-13C
Norharmane-13C (Norharman-13C) is the 13C-labeled Norharmane (HY-W008566). Norharmane (Norharman), a β-carboline alkaloid, is a potent and reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor, with IC50 values of 6.5 and 4.7 μM for MAO-A and MAO-B, respectively. Norharmane causes antidepressant responses. Norharmane is also a prospective anti-cancer photosensitizer. Norharmane alters polar auxin transport (PAT) by inhibiting PIN2, PIN3 and PIN7 transport proteins, thus causing a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds  
/
HY-D1472 Azure A eosinate
Azure A eosinate is a dye for hematological and histological applications. Azure A eosinate can be used as new photosensitizer prototypes to determine growth inhibition of Candida albicans.
Fluorescent Dye  
/
HY-182785 Photosensitizer-10
Photosensitizer-10 is a glutathione (GSH)-activatable photosensitizer. Photosensitizer-10 shows minimal photoactivity in the absence of glutathione, and generates a highly active species upon reaction with glutathione to induce photo-cytotoxicity. Photosensitizer-10 exhibits selective photo-cytotoxicity toward cancer cells with elevated intracellular glutathione levels while sparing normal cells. Photosensitizer-10 can be used for the research of cancer, such as lung carcinoma and skin carcinoma.
Photosensitizer  
Cancer  
/
HY-161981 Antitumor photosensitizer-8
Antitumor agent-187 (compound I3) is a photosensitizer based on 5,15-diaryltetrabenzoporphyrin with a maximum absorption wavelength of ~668 nm and anticancer activity. Antitumor agent-187 can induce apoptosis and can be used in photodynamic therapy (PDP). Antitumor agent-187 selectively accumulates at tumor sites and has real-time fluorescence imaging capabilities.
Apoptosis  
/
HY-167814 Trimethylsilyl-D-(+)-mannitol
Trimethylsilyl-D-(+)-mannitol is a compound with osmoprotective activity that can effectively scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and provide protection for plants and microorganisms.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-159005 TDTM
TDTM is a photosensitizer, that promotes the generation of ROS with induction of the light. TDTM can be used for synthesis of Janus liposozyme.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-157943 Hexyl 5-aminolevulinate
Hexyl 5-aminolevulinate (HAL) is a photosensitizer, and can increase the efficiency of PDT due to the high lipophilicity. Hexyl 5-aminolevulinate can be used for research of photodynamic therapy (PDT).
Fluorescent Dye  
/
HY-16658BG Z-VAD-FMK (GMP)
Z-VAD-FMK is a pan-caspase inhibitor and also an ICE-like protease inhibitor, which inhibits apoptosis by preventing the processing of CPP32 to its active form. Z-VAD-FMK sensitivity varies primarily due to differential expression of receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1). Z-VAD-FMK limits the cryopreservation-induced apoptosis by reducing caspase-3 activity of in vitro produced bovine embryos. Z-VAD-FMK is immunosuppressive in vitro and inhibits T cell proliferation without blocking the processing of caspase-8 and caspase-3. Z-VAD-FMK leads to a decrease in intracellular glutathione (GSH) with a concomitant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in activated T cells. Z-VAD-FMK is due to oxidative stress via the depletion of GSH. Z-VAD-FMK can be used for the study of acute pancreatitis.
Caspase   Apoptosis  
Cancer  
/
HY-149801A Antibacterial agent 140 chloride
Antibacterial agent 140 chloride is a promising antibacterial agent. Antibacterial agent 140 chloride is also the first Ru-based AIEgen?photosensitizer?for simultaneous dual applications of?Gram-positive bacteria (G+)?detection. Antibacterial agent 140 chloride uniquely selective discriminates and efficient exterminates Gram-positive bacteria (G+)?from other bacteria due to its interaction with?lipoteichoic acids?(LTA). Antibacterial agent 140 chloride ?also possessed robust?antibacterial activity?for?G+ under?light irradiation.
Bacterial  
Bacterial Infection  
/
HY-B1814 Vitamin K5
Vitamin K5 (Synkamin) is a photosensitizer and a antimicrobial agent. Vitamin K5 is a specific PKM2 inhibitor with IC50 values of 28, 191 and 120 μM for PKM2, PKM1 and PKL. Vitamin K5 induces apoptosis of colon 26 cells. Vitamin K5 can be used for the research of infection and cancer, and it also can be used as a preservative for pharmaceuticals, foods, and beverages.
Pyruvate Kinase   Bacterial   Fungal   Apoptosis  
Cancer   Bacterial Infection  
/
HY-168854 TBC-1
TBC-1 is a chlorophyll-a derivative, is a photosensitizer that can be used in photodynamic therapy (PDT). TBC-1 efficiently generats Type-I ROS and endoplasmic reticulum targeting ability. TBC-1 shows biocompatibility and PDT efficiency in vitro under both normoxia and hypoxia.
Photosensitizer   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Cancer  
/
HY-162867 Photosensitizer-5
Photosensitizer-5 is a photosensitizer. Photosensitizer-5 has cytotoxicity against HeLa and HepG2 cells, with IC50 values of 10.4 nM and 6.9 nM, respectively. Photosensitizer-5 can lead to lipid peroxidation and induces cell death through an iron-independent ferroptosis-like pathway. Photosensitizer-5 shows anti-tumor activity in HeLa tumor-bearing mice.
Ferroptosis  
Cancer  
/
HY-163691 Antitumor agent-163
Antitumor agent-163 (Compound 3) is a photosensitizer used in Molecular-Targeted Photodynamic Therapy (MT-PDT) targeting carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX). Antitumor agent-163 inactivates CAIX protein via singlet oxygen under 540 nm wavelength light, without affecting internal standard proteins such as α-tubulin, β-actin, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Antitumor agent-163 induces cell membrane damage, inhibits cell viability (IC50 is 0.2 and 0.05 μM for A549 and U87MG). Antitumor agent-163 exhibits antitumor efficacy in mouse model.
Carbonic Anhydrase  
Cancer  
/
HY-P11140 KSL-W
KSL-W is a multifunctional antibacterial peptide with immune regulatory function. KSL-W has a chemotactic effect on neutrophils. KSL-W can induce neutrophil F-actin polymerization dependent on the Gαi protein signaling pathway. KSL-W can inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in neutrophils. KSL-W can be used for research on infection control and inflammation regulation.
Bacterial   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Infection   Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-161341 β-Glucuronidase responsive conjugate 1
β-Glucuronidase responsive conjugate 1 (compound 3) is a well-balanced photosensitizer which has photodynamic activity. β-Glucuronidase responsive conjugate 1 inhibits T-24 cell viability and growth with an IC50 of 0.2 μM. β-Glucuronidase responsive conjugate 1 can used to study bladder cancers.
Photosensitizer  
Cancer  
/
HY-W127809 Chlorin e4
Chlorin e4 is an organic compound belonging to the family of chlorins, which are macrocyclic compounds with a similar structure to porphyrins. It is commonly used to improve photodynamic therapy for cancer and other diseases. Chlorin e4 has multiple applications in medical research, including as a photosensitizer for localized tumor destruction. In addition, its antimicrobial properties and potential use in disinfection applications were investigated.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-B0849S1 Azoxystrobin-d3
Azoxystrobin-d3 is deuterium labeled Azoxystrobin. Azoxystrobin is a broad-spectrum β-methoxyacrylate fungicide. Azoxystrobin inhibits mitochondrial respiration by binding to the Qo site of the cytochrome bc1 complex and inhibiting electron transfer. Azoxystrobin induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induces cell apoptosis.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Fungal   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Apoptosis  
Infection  
/
HY-N19700 Calphostin D
Calphostin D is a protein kinase C (Protein Kinase, PKC) inhibitor with an IC50 of 6.4 μM. Calphostin D achieves selective inhibition by interacting with the unique C1 regulatory domain of PKC. As a photosensitizer, Calphostin D generates reactive oxygen species upon exposure to light. Calphostin D can be used in cancer-related research.
PKC  
Cancer  
/
HY-175329 BTF-DNBS
BTF-DNBS is a glutathione (GSH)-responsive small-molecule photosensitizer (PS). BTF-DNBS disrupts mitochondrial function and triggers Golgi-mediated pyroptosis, serving as a reactive oxygen species (ROS) generator. BTF-DNBS is promising for research of cancers.
Pyroptosis   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Cancer  
/
HY-W738979 Silicon naphthalocyanine dichloride
Silicon naphthalocyanine dichloride is a photosensitizer with potential anti-tumor activity. Silicon naphthalocyanine dichloride is used as a cancer-inhibiting compound in photodynamic therapy. Silicon naphthalocyanine dichloride can effectively absorb light energy of a specific wavelength, thereby generating oxygen free radicals that help destroy cancer cells. The biocompatibility of Silicon naphthalocyanine dichloride makes it show good prospects in medical applications.
Photosensitizer  
/
HY-D1673 Tetrabromorhodamine 123 bromide
Tetrabromorhodamine 123 (TBR) bromide is a photosensitizer. Tetrabromorhodamine 123 bromide can be used for the research of photo dynamic therapy (PDT) and cancer.
Fluorescent Dye  
Cancer  
/
HY-100561S1 Tempol-d17
Tempol-d17 is the deuterium labeled Tempol. Tempol is a general superoxide dismutase (SOD)-mimetic agent that efficiently neutralizes reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Autophagy   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Cancer  
/
HY-145265 Antimicrobial photosensitizer-1
Antimicrobial photosensitizer-1 is a promising candidate as the antimicrobial photosensitizer for combating pathogenic microorganism infections. Antimicrobial photosensitizer-1 exhibits an impressive antimicrobial efficacy in S. aureus-infected mice wounds.
Bacterial  
Infection  
/
HY-170436 NFh-NMe-2
NFh-NMe-2 is a photosensitizer, that interacts with nitroreductase, generates singlet oxygen in tumor cells, exhibits cytotoxicity in cancer cells, and induces apoptosis. NFh-NMe-2 exhibits antitumor efficacy in mouse models.
Photosensitizer   Apoptosis  
/
HY-D1293A Photosensitizer-1 hydrochloride
Photosensitizer-1 (Compound CLB-13) hydrochloride is a photosensitizer.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
/
HY-144314 PSDalpha
PSDalpha is a photoactivatable PS-Degron targeting estrogen receptor α (ERα/ESR1), with a Ki of 72.8 nM for ERα. PSDalpha consists of an ERα-targeting estradiol moiety conjugated via an alkyne bond to triphenylamine-benzothiadiazole (TB), an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) photosensitizer. Upon visible light irradiation, PSDalpha generates singlet oxygen (1O2) and induces controllable ERα degradation. PSDalpha also induces G1 phase arrest and apoptosis. PSDalpha can be used in studies related to ERα-positive breast cancer and light-controlled targeted protein degradation.
Estrogen Receptor/ERR   Apoptosis  
Breast Cancer  
/
HY-D2986 TBD–anchor
TBD–anchor is a water-soluble, positively charged AIE photosensitizer. TBD–anchor can specifically bind to bacterial membranes and efficiently produce 1O2. TBD–anchor has bactericidal activity against various bacteria and good biocompatibility. TBD–anchor can be used for research on bacterial infections.
Photosensitizer   Bacterial  
/
HY-P11458 Hanlp24
Hanlp24 (Nlp24) is an immunogenic short peptide derived from plant pathogenic microorganisms. Hanlp24 can be recognized by the immune system of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and effectively induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Arabidopsis thaliana. Hanlp24 is not the key factor that triggers plant defense and leads to the loss of pathogen virulence in the interaction system between cucumber and anthracnose pathogen. Hanlp24 can be used for the study of the plant immune system.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Immunomodulation  
/
HY-W504836 Deuteroporphyrin IX dihydrochloride
Deuteroporphyrin IX (dihydrochloride) is a photosensitizer with high lipophilicity and amphiphilicity, capable of providing photosensitivity for cell membrane systems. Deuteroporphyrin IX (dihydrochloride) can induce irreversible discharge elimination in individual neurons.
Photosensitizer  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease  
/
HY-159153 Photosensitizer-4
Photosensitizer-4 (compound PS-I) is a potent photosensitizer. Photosensitizer-4 effectively kills cancer cells and inhibits tumor growth under light irradiation.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
/
HY-D1648 8-(2,4,6-Trimethylphenyl)-BODIPY
8-(2,4,6-Trimethylphenyl)-BODIPY is a highly fluorescent dye, can be used as photosensitizer or synthesize other BODIPY-based photosensitizer (λabs=502 nm, λem=516 nm) (*abs: main absorption maxima).
Fluorescent Dye  
/
HY-170883 Type-I/-II Photosensitizer-1
Type-I/-II Photosensitizer-1 (compound 8b) is a photosensitizer with anticancer activity. Type-I/-II Photosensitizer-1 exhibits significant phototoxicity against both A549 and 4T1 tumor cells. Type-I/-II Photosensitizer-1 shows a strong oxygen-independent antitumor effect under laser irradiation (IC50=1.50-1.76 μM).
Photosensitizer  
/
HY-175163 TPAPyN
TPAPyN is a nitroreductase(NTR)-responsive type I photosensitizer. TPAPyN facilitates the imaging of hypoxic cancer cells and image-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT). TPAPyN does not emit fluorescence in the aqueous environment, but restores when NTR cleaves the nitrofuran quencher with aggregation-induced emission. TPAPyN can be used as a fluorescent probe for specific imaging of hypoxic cancer.
Photosensitizer  
/
HY-N10611 Elsinochrome A
Elsinochrome A is a perylene quinone photosensitizer, and can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce apoptosis and autophagy under light excitation. Elsinochrome A also shows antifungal activity against C. albicans biofilm through photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT). Elsinochrome A can be used for research of photodynamic therapy (PDT) (Ex: 460 nm).

Source: Graphis elongata Zenker

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Apoptosis   Autophagy   Fungal   Fluorescent Dye  
Cancer   Infection  
/
HY-176725 ZnPcPs
ZnPcPs is a photosensitizer that generates ROS. ZnPcPs can be used to synthesize the photo-activated BRD4 degrader pZnPc-O3-JQ1 (HY-176724).
Photosensitizer   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Cancer  
/
HY-D2620 CAR-2
CAR-2 is a BODIPY-based photosensitizer that induces ferroptosis in photodynamic therapy (PDT) by targeting the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lipid droplets (LDs). CAR-2 exhibits phototoxicity in breast cancer cells with IC50 of 0.01-0.02 μM. CAR-2 exhibits antitumor efficacy in 4T1 xenograft mouse models.
Photosensitizer   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Ferroptosis  
/
HY-158189 TPP-Ce6
TPP-Ce6 is a mitochondria-targeted photosensitizer formed by the ester bond conjugation of chlorophyll e6 (Ce6) with triphenylphosphine (TPP). Under light irradiation or ultrasound exposure, TPP-Ce6 generates reactive oxygen species, induces cell apoptosis, and triggers immunogenic cell death. TPP-Ce6 can serve as a component of carrier-free co-delivery systems, undergo enzyme-induced self-assembly within tumors, and modulate tumor hypoxia. TPP-Ce6 is applicable to research on breast cancer and glioblastoma.
Photosensitizer   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Apoptosis  
Breast Cancer   Glioblastoma  
/
HY-D1453 Immune initiator-1
Immune initiator-1 (Compound 1a) is an amino acid-modified near-infrared Aza-BODIPY photosensitizer, acts as an immune initiator for potent photodynamic research in melanoma.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
Cancer  
/
HY-W770183 Uric acid-13C3
Uric acid-13C3 is 13C-labeled Uric acid (HY-B2130). Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism in the human body. Uric acid can scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as singlet oxygen and peroxynitrite, and inhibit lipid peroxidation.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds  
/
HY-B1157R Trioxsalen (Standard)
Trioxsalen (Standard) is the analytical standard of Trioxsalen. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Trioxsalen (Trisoralen), a psoralen derivative, is a photochemical DNA crosslinker. Trioxsalen only works after photoactivation with near ultraviolet light. Trioxsalen is a photosensitizer that can be used for the research of vitiligo and hand eczema. Trioxsalen is used for visualization of genomic interstrand cross-links localized by laser photoactivation.
Reference Standards   DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-D0259R Erythrosine B (Standard)
Erythrosine B (Standard) is the analytical standard of Erythrosine B. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Erythrosine B is an artificial dye widely used in the food and textile industries. Erythrosine B is also a novel photosensitizer which has been used to develop animal models.
Fluorescent Dye   Reference Standards  
/
HY-N2552R Vitamin K5 hydrochloride (Standard)
Vitamin K5 (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Vitamin K5 (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Vitamin K5 hydrochloride is a photosensitizer and a antimicrobial agent. Vitamin K5 hydrochloride is a specific PKM2 inhibitor with IC50 values of 28, 191 and 120 μM for PKM2, PKM1 and PKL. Vitamin K5 hydrochloride induces apoptosis of colon 26 cells. Vitamin K5 hydrochloride can be used for the research of infection and cancer, and it also can be used as a preservative for pharmaceuticals, foods, and beverages[1][2][3].
Reference Standards   Pyruvate Kinase   Bacterial   Fungal   Apoptosis  
Cancer   Infection  
/
HY-W011350 Anthraquinone-2-sulfonate sodium
Anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (sodium) is a microbial photosensitizer that exhibits capacitive property.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-137473R Methyl pyropheophorbide-a (Standard)
Methyl pyropheophorbide-a (Standard) is the analytical standard of Methyl pyropheophorbide-a. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Methyl pyropheophorbide-a (Pyropheophorbide-a methyl ester), a chlorophyll-a derivative, is a potent photosensitizer that can be used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer. Methyl pyropheophorbide-a has photodynamic activity and can induce apoptosis and inhibit tumor growth.
Apoptosis   Reference Standards  
Cancer  
/
HY-113011R Maltotriose (Standard)
Maltotriose (Standard) is the analytical standard of Maltotriose (HY-13011). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Maltotriose is a maltooligosaccharide and a specific inducer of the Escherichia coli maltose operon. The oligosaccharide structure of Maltotriose acts as a highly efficient drug delivery carrier, which significantly enhances the targeting ability and water solubility of photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy for pancreatic cancer.
Reference Standards   Endogenous Metabolite  
/
HY-W395410 2-Acetyldibenzofuran
2-Acetyldibenzofuran (2e) is a dibenzofuran derivative that can be used in the synthesis of photosensitizers.
Drug Intermediate  
/
HY-W927359 Fluorescein hydrazide (3,6-Dihydroxyxanthane)
Fluorescein hydrazide (3,6-Dihydroxyxanthane) is a fluorescein dye that can be used for the fluorophotometric determination of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and other reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Fluorescent Dye  
/
HY-W011577 Benzo[f]tetraphene
Benzo[f]tetraphene (Dibenz[a,c]anthracene) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with significant antitumor activity. Benzo[f]tetraphene is used as a luminescent probe in cell biology research and can effectively detect reactive oxygen species in biological systems. Benzo[f]tetraphene can also be used as a potential photosensitizer and shows good application prospects in photodynamic inhibition.
Photosensitizer  
/
HY-108537R L 012 sodium salt (Standard)
L 012 sodium salt (Standard) is the analytical standard of L 012 (sodium salt) (HY-108537). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L 012 sodium salt is a luminal-based chemiluminescent probe. L 012 sodium salt can detect NADPH oxidase (Nox)-derived superoxide and nitrogen species (reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS)).
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Reference Standards  
/
HY-N8253S Quercetin 4'-Glucoside-d3
Quercetin 4'-Glucoside-d3 (Spiraeoside-d3) is deuterium labeled Spiraeoside. Spiraeoside, an orally active natural compound, exerts antioxidant activity, inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde production. Spiraeoside possesses antiallergic, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Cancer   Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-14771S Imeglimin-d3
Imeglimin-d3 (EMD 387008-d3) is deuterium labeled Imeglimin. Imeglimin (EMD 387008) is an oral glucose-lowering agent. Imeglimin improves insulin sensitivity. Imeglimin also reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, increases mitochondrial DNA and improves mitochondrial function.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Mitochondrial Metabolism  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-16488R Temoporfin (Standard)
Temoporfin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Temoporfin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Temoporfin (m-THPC), a reduced porphyrin, is a potent second-generation photosensitizer. Temoporfin can be used in the research of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for head and neck cancers.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Reference Standards  
Cancer  
/
HY-W010713 Meso-tetraphenylchlorin
Meso-tetraphenylchlorin (TPCS2a) is a photosensitizer with poor water solubility, which limits its use in the blood circulation. However, TPCS2a@NPs nanoparticles can be prepared based on polylactic-co-polyethylene glycol acid (PLGA) polymer core loaded with TPCS2. Such nanoparticles can be coated with mesenchymal stem cell-derived plasma membranes (mMSCs) to form mMSC-TPCS2a@NPs, which prolongs blood circulation time and improves tumor targeting ability. Compared with uncoated TPCS2a@NPs, mMSC-TPCS2a@NPs can reduce macrophage uptake by 54% to 70% under different conditions. Both nanoparticle forms are effectively accumulated in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, while uptake in normal breast epithelial cells MCF10A is significantly lower.
Photosensitizer  
/
HY-128973R Pyropheophorbide-a (Standard)
Pyropheophorbide-a (Standard) is the analytical standard of Pyropheophorbide-a. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Pyropheophorbide-a (Ppa) is a photosensitizer used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for tumors. Pyropheophorbide-a exhibits phototoxic effects on tumor cells, such as cervical cancer cells, and also has anti-lipogenesis activity. Pyropheophorbide-a shows potential for research in the fields of cancer and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Pyropheophorbide-a derivatives also demonstrate inhibitory activity against tumor cells.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Reference Standards  
Cancer  
/
HY-N0005S1 Curcumin-d3
Curcumin-d3 (Diferuloylmethane-d3 ) is deuterium labeled Curcumin (HY-N0005). Curcumin (Diferuloylmethane), a natural phenolic compound, is a p300/CREB-binding protein-specific inhibitor of acetyltransferase, represses the acetylation of histone/nonhistone proteins and histone acetyltransferase-dependent chromatin transcription. Curcumin is a photosensitizer against microorganisms. Curcumin shows inhibitory effects on NF-κB and MAPKs, and has diverse pharmacologic effects including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative and antiangiogenic activities. Curcumin induces stabilization of Nrf2 protein through Keap1 cysteine modification.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Keap1-Nrf2   Epigenetic Reader Domain   Histone Acetyltransferase   Mitophagy   Autophagy   Influenza Virus   Ferroptosis  
Cancer   Infection   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
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HY-W094745 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)porphyrin
5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)porphyrin (Compound 5) is a photosensitizer. 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)porphyrin shows no significant photodynamic cytotoxicity. 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)porphyrin is mainly used for the optimization of photosensitizer structure in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for psoriasis.
MOFs   Photosensitizer  
Psoriasis  
/
HY-149778 Antifungal agent 87
Antifungal agent 87(10) acts as a highly potent PDT antimycotic photosensitizer (PDT-IC50 = 1 nM for T. rubrum).
Fungal  
Infection  
/
HY-Y0546R Benzophenone (Standard)
Benzophenone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Benzophenone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Benzophenone standard is a photosensitizer, that absorbs UV light, transfers its energy to DNA, and triggers DNA damage. Benzophenone standard can be used as the fragrance enhancer, ultraviolet curing agent, additive in plastics, or the flavor ingredient. Benzophenone standard can also be used in the manufacturing of insecticides, agricultural chemicals, hypnotics, antihistamines, and other pharmaceuticals. Benzophenone standard exhibits certain carcinogenicity in mouse/rat models under long term exposure. Benzophenone standard exhibits estrogenic activity.
Reference Standards   Endogenous Metabolite   Photosensitizer  
Cancer  
/
HY-D2227 IR-58
IR-58, a mitochondria-targeting near-infrared (NIR) fluorophore, is an autophagy enhancer. IR-58 kills tumour cells and induces apoptosis via inducing excessive autophagy, which is mediated through the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-Akt-mTOR pathway.
Autophagy   Apoptosis  
Cancer  
/
HY-W700241 Norharman-d7
Norharman-d7 is deuterium labeled Norharmane. Norharmane (Norharman), a β-carboline alkaloid, is a potent and reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor, with IC50 values of 6.5 and 4.7 μM for MAO-A and MAO-B, respectively. Norharmane causes antidepressant responses. Norharmane is also a prospective anti-cancer photosensitizer. Norharmane alters polar auxin transport (PAT) by inhibiting PIN2, PIN3 and PIN7 transport proteins, thus causing a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Endogenous Metabolite   Monoamine Oxidase  
Cancer   Infection   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease  
/
HY-W011577S1 Dibenzo[a,c]anthracene-13C6
Dibenzo[a,c]anthracene-13C6 (2,3-Benzotriphenylene-13C6) is 13C labeled Benzo[f]tetraphene. Benzo[f]tetraphene (Dibenz[a,c]anthracene) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with significant antitumor activity. Benzo[f]tetraphene is used as a luminescent probe in cell biology research and can effectively detect reactive oxygen species in biological systems. Benzo[f]tetraphene can also be used as a potential photosensitizer and shows good application prospects in photodynamic inhibition.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Photosensitizer  
Cancer  
/
HY-123727 Acid blue 120
Acid blue 120 is an azo dye, which can be utilized in textile dyeing, food and pharmaceutical coloring, photosensitizer, sensor and surface modification.
Fluorescent Dye  
/
HY-D3449 8-(9-Bromoanthracene)-BODIPY 505/515
8-(9-Bromoanthracene)-BODIPY 505/515 is a fluorescence turn-on probe with selective fluorescence turn-on response towards hydroxyl radical. 8-(9-Bromoanthracene)-BODIPY 505/515 can be used to detect reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). (Ex/Em = 505/515 nm)
Fluorescent Dye   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
/
HY-157503 Photosensitizer-3
Photosensitizer-3 is a photosensitizer that exhibits powerful selective killing effects on transfected HEK cells and affibody-targeted A431 cancer cells when exposed to near-infrared light excitation.
Photosensitizer  
/
HY-W014331 Atraton
Atraton is a 1,3,5-triazine Herbicide and photodegradable substrate. Atraton undergoes photodegradation under the action of the photosensitizer acetone.
Herbicide   Photosensitizer  
/
HY-W015551R trans-2-Decenal (Standard)
trans-2-Decenal ((E)-Dec-2-enal)) Standard is the analytical standard of trans-2-Decenal (HY-W015551). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. trans-2-Decenal ((E)-Dec-2-enal) acts as a urease inhibitor and antibacterial agent against Helicobacter pylori, with an IC50 of 9.484 μg/mL against Helicobacter pylori urease. trans-2-Decenal reduces the urease activity of Helicobacter pylori, and possesses antibacterial, bactericidal, anti-biofilm and anti-migratory activities. It alters the morphology of Helicobacter pylori, induces bacterial rupture, inhibits biofilm formation, reduces the number of mature biofilms and impairs the migratory capacity of Helicobacter pylori. trans-2-Decenal disrupts the cell wall integrity of Phytophthora capsici, damages membrane integrity and permeability, triggers intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, decreases glutathione levels and disrupts the mitochondrial membrane potential of Phytophthora capsici. trans-2-Decenal is applicable to studies related to Helicobacter pylori and plant diseases induced by and Phytophthora capsici.
Reference Standards   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Bacterial  
Infection  
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HY-157051 [Ru(DIP)2TAP]Cl2
[Ru(DIP)2TAP]Cl2, Ruthenium(II) polypyridyl compound, is a photosensitizer. [Ru(DIP)2TAP]Cl2 can be used for the research of photodynamic therapy (PDT).
Photosensitizer  
Cancer  
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HY-18258S Berberine-d6 chloride
Berberine-d6 (chloride) is the deuterium labeled Berberine chloride. Berberine chloride is an alkaloid that acts as an antibiotic. Berberine chloride induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inhibits DNA topoisomerase. Antineoplastic properties.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Topoisomerase   Autophagy   Bacterial   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Antibiotic   Endogenous Metabolite  
Cancer  
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HY-B0166GL L-Ascorbic acid (GMP Like)
L-Ascorbic acid (GMP Like) is the GMP Like class L-Ascorbic acid (HY-B0166). L-Ascorbic acid (L-Ascorbate, Vitamin C), an electron donor, is an endogenous antioxidant agent. L-Ascorbic acid inhibits selectively Cav3.2 channels with an IC50 of 6.5 μM. L-Ascorbic acid is also a collagen deposition enhancer and an elastogenesis inhibitor. L-Ascorbic acid exhibits anti-cancer effects through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and selective damage to cancer cells.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Endogenous Metabolite   Calcium Channel   Apoptosis  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
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HY-145538 2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate disodium hydrate
2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate (5'-Deoxyguanylic acid; dGMP) disodium hydrate is an oxidizable target of the photosensitizer pterin (PT) and can be used to evaluate the photosensitizing properties of biopterins (such as Bip, Fop and Cap) . Pterin causes a photosensitive reaction of dGMP under UV-A radiation, causing damage to DNA molecules. There are two main mechanisms for the photosensitive oxidation of purine nucleotides by pterin in vitro: one is the hydrogen abstraction reaction of electron transfer from dGMP to the triplet excited state of pterin (type I mechanism), and the other is the interaction between dGMP and pterin. The reaction produces singlet molecular oxygen (1O2) (Type II mechanism).
DNA/RNA Synthesis  
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HY-145241 TBTDC
TBTDC is a highly efficient multifunctional organic photosensitizer with aggregation-induced emission for in vivo bioimaging and photodynamic research.
Photosensitizer  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease  
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HY-Y0546S2 Benzophenone-13C
Benzophenone-13C is the 13C labeled Benzophenone (HY-Y0546). Benzophenone is an endogenous metabolite. Benzophenone is a photosensitizer, that absorbs UV light, transfers its energy to DNA, and triggers DNA damage. Benzophenone can be used as the fragrance enhancer, ultraviolet curing agent, additive in plastics, or the flavor ingredient. Benzophenone can also be used in the manufacturing of insecticides, agricultural chemicals, hypnotics, antihistamines, and other pharmaceuticals. Benzophenone exhibits certain carcinogenicity in mouse/rat models under long term exposure. Benzophenone exhibits estrogenic activity.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Photosensitizer   Endogenous Metabolite  
Cancer  
/
HY-P10817 Corza6
Corza6 is a potent and selective human voltage-gated proton channel (hHv1) peptide inhibitor. Corza6 binds to the external voltage sensor domain (VSD) loop in hHv1 with a Kd of ~1 nM at the natural, hyperpolarized resting membrane potential (RMP) of mammalian cells. Corza6 allows capacitation in sperm and permits sustained reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in white blood cells (WBCs).
Proton Pump   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
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HY-W075248 m-THPP
m-THPP (Tetra(3-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin; 3-THPP) is a photosensitizer. m-THPP can weakly induce ROS production and shows antitumor and antibacterial activity. m-THPP can be used for the research of photodynamic therapy (PDT).
Photosensitizer   Bacterial   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
/
HY-P10817A Corza6 TFA
Corza6 TFA is a potent and selective human voltage-gated proton channel (hHv1) peptide inhibitor. Corza6 TFA binds to the external voltage sensor domain (VSD) loop in hHv1 with a Kd of ~1 nM at the natural, hyperpolarized resting membrane potential (RMP) of mammalian cells. Corza6 TFA allows capacitation in sperm and permits sustained reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in white blood cells (WBCs).
Proton Pump   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
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HY-100561S Tempol-d17,15N
Tempol-d17,15N is the deuterium labeled Tempol. Tempol is a general superoxide dismutase (SOD)-mimetic agent that efficiently neutralizes reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Autophagy   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Cancer  
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HY-129959 Aluminum phthalocyanine chloride
Aluminum phthalocyanine chloride is a photosensitizer that effectively inhibits the parasite Leishmania amazonensis (the causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis) by light-mediated cytolysis. Aluminum phthalocyanine chloride causes parasite morphology and cytolysis of isolated amasilians, while higher photosensitizer concentrations and light intensities are required to induce lysis of mammalian cells. Aluminum phthalocyanine chloride lyses parasites within infected J774 macrophages and can be used to further investigate the study of leishmaniasis.
Environmental Pollutants   MOFs   Parasite  
Infection  
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HY-164294A Aluminum phthalocyanine disulfonate disodium
Aluminum phthalocyanine disulfonate disodium is a potential photosensitizer used for the research of Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) .
Photosensitizer  
/
HY-164294 Aluminum phthalocyanine disulfonate
Aluminum phthalocyanine disulfonate is a potential photosensitizer used for the research of Sonodynamic therapy (SDT).
Photosensitizer  
Cancer  
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HY-116525 Octaethylporphyrin
Octaethylporphyrin is a porphyrin derivative. Octaethylporphyrin is a photodynamic therapy (PDT) agent.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Cancer  
/
HY-Y0546S1 Benzophenone-d5
Benzophenone-d5 is the deuterium labeled Benzophenone (HY-Y0546). Benzophenone is an endogenous metabolite. Benzophenone is a photosensitizer, that absorbs UV light, transfers its energy to DNA, and triggers DNA damage. Benzophenone can be used as the fragrance enhancer, ultraviolet curing agent, additive in plastics, or the flavor ingredient. Benzophenone can also be used in the manufacturing of insecticides, agricultural chemicals, hypnotics, antihistamines, and other pharmaceuticals. Benzophenone exhibits certain carcinogenicity in mouse/rat models under long term exposure. Benzophenone exhibits estrogenic activity.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Photosensitizer   Endogenous Metabolite  
Cancer  
/
HY-113110A Cysteinylglycine TFA
Cysteinylglycine (L-Cysteinylglycine; Cys-Gly) TFA is a dipeptide formed by the peptide bond connection of cysteine and glycine. Cysteinylglycine TFA is an important metabolic intermediate in the human body, mainly derived from the degradation of glutathione (GSH). Cysteinylglycine TFA can reduce trivalent iron to divalent iron, driving the redox cycle of iron, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), stimulating oxidative reactions, inducing lipid peroxidation in human plasma LDL lipoproteins, and causing oxidative damage to DNA base. Cysteinylglycine TFA can be used as a biomarker to assess ischemic heart disease and breast cancer, etc.
Endogenous Metabolite   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   DNA/RNA Synthesis  
Cancer   Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease  
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HY-P11115 CIGB-552
CIGB-552 is a cell-penetrating peptide with anti-tumor properties with the IC50 of 23 μM in H460 cells. CIGB-552 can increase the level of protein COMMD1. CIGB-552 significantly inhibits the NF-κB signaling pathway. CIGB-552 can promote apoptosis of the tumor cells. CIGB-552 can induce the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tumor cells. CIGB-552 has anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects. CIGB-552 can be used for the research of the lung cancer and colon cancer.
Apoptosis   NF-κB   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Lung Cancer  
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HY-N10902 Methyl pheophorbide a
Methyl pheophorbide a is a natural product, one of the chlorophyll-a derivatives. Methyl pheophorbide a is a photosensitizer that produces singlet oxygen and reactive oxygen species (ROS) under light of specific wavelength, thereby leading to cell death.
Photosensitizer   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Caspase   Apoptosis  
Cancer   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation  
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HY-W130236 Methylene Violet 3RAX
Methylene Violet 3RAX is a phenazine dye to stain the mitochondria of cells. Methylene Violet 3RAX can change the molecular structure of DNA, undermine the module of DNA, and induce the generation of the reactive singlet oxygen. Methylene Violet 3RAX shows inhibition for human erythrocyte AChE and human plasma BChE with an Kis of 1.58, 0.51 μM, respectively. Methylene Violet 3RAX has the potential for the research of potential photosensitizers for mitochondrial targeting action in PDT (photodynamic therapy).
Cholinesterase (ChE)  
Cancer  
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HY-W127820 H2TMpyP-2 chloride
H2TMpyP-2 (tetrakis(2-N-methylpyridyl)porphine) chloride is an active photosensitizer with strong absorption properties in the visible to near-infrared region and excellent singlet oxygen quantum yield. Captisol-TMPyP complexes can be used in supramolecular nanosynthesis to increase singlet oxygen production, improve photostability and better photosensitization, and support photodynamic therapy activity. The Captisol:TMPyP complex also exhibited antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and was cytotoxic against lung cancer A549 cells.
Biochemical Assay Reagents   Fluorescent Dye  
Lung Cancer   Escherichia Coli Infection  
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HY-U00128 PPA-904
PPA-904 is a specific phenothiazine photosensitizer in photodynamic research (PDT) research, especially topical application for cutaneous leishmaniasis in vivo.
Parasite  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Parasitic Infection  
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HY-P2213A GPLGIAGQ TFA
GPLGIAGQ TFA, a MMP2-cleavable polypeptide, is used as a stimulus-sensitive linker in both liposomal and micellar nanocarriers for MMP2-triggered tumor targeting. GPLGIAGQ TFA can be used to synthesis unique MMP2-targeted photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT).
MMP   Apoptosis  
Cancer  
/
HY-B0739AS Citicoline-d9 sodium
Citicoline-d9 (Cytidine diphosphate-choline-d9) sodium is the deuterium labeled Citicoline sodium (HY-B0739A). Citicoline sodium is an endogenous intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine which is a component of cell membranes. Citicoline sodium inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Citicoline sodium can be used for neurological disease and hearing loss study.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Endogenous Metabolite   Apoptosis   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Caspase  
Cancer   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease  
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HY-W076903 4-Aminobenzophenone
4-Aminobenzophenone (p-Benzoylaniline; 4-Aminophenyl phenyl ketone; 4-Benzoylaniline) is Benzophenone (HY-Y0546) derivative, which behaves as photosensitizer.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
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HY-P990189 Anti-Monkey/Human MHC class II (HLA-DR) Antibody (L243)
Anti-Monkey/Human MHC class II (HLA-DR) Antibody (L243) is a mouse-derived IgG2a κ type antibody inhibitor, targeting to monkey/human MHC class II. Anti-Monkey/Human MHC class II (HLA-DR) Antibody (L243) can inhibits tumor cells proliferation and induce apoptosis. Anti-Monkey/Human MHC class II (HLA-DR) Antibody (L243) increases cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in human endothelial cells. Anti-Monkey/Human MHC class II (HLA-DR) Antibody (L243) can be used for the researches of cancer and infection, such as lymphoma.

Species: Human/Monkey

MHC   Apoptosis   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Cancer   Infection  
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HY-132141 5-PA-dUTP
5-PA-dUTP (5-Propargylamino-dUTP) is a C5-modified nucleotide and can be incorporated into DNA nanoparticles (DNPs) for photosensitizer delivery. 5-PA-dUTP is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
DNA/RNA Synthesis  
/
HY-DY1037 Dihydrorhodamine 123 (solution)
Dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR 123) (solution) is a non-fluorescent reactive oxygen species (ROS) indicator. Dihydrorhodamine 123 is oxidized to fluorescent Rhodamine 123 (HY-D0816) within cells in the presence of reactive oxygen species and it localizes in mitochondria (Ex/Em = 515/536 nm).
Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 10 mM
Fluorescent Dye  
/
HY-B1946S Dimethoate-d6
Dimethoate-d6 is the deuterium labeled Dimethoate. Dimethoate is an organophosphate insecticide and acaricide. Dimethoate is an orally active acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Dimethoate induces reactive oxygen species (ROS). Dimethoate induces DNA damage and cell apoptosis in vivo. Dimethoate affect immune system in mice.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Insecticide   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Apoptosis   Cholinesterase (ChE)  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
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HY-W035051 TSPP tetrasodium
TSPP tetrasodium is a photosensitizer that has shown impressive effects in in vivo regression of cancer and microorganism infections (Ex: 413 nm, Em: 640 nm).
MOFs   Fluorescent Dye  
Cancer   Infection  
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HY-W072530 [Ir(ppy)2(bpy)]PF6
[Ir (ppy)2 (bpy)]PF6 is a cyclometalated iridium (III) photosensitizer. [Ir (ppy)2 (bpy)]PF6 can be used in homogeneous photocatalytic systems to achieve visible light-induced water splitting for hydrogen production. [Ir (ppy)2 (bpy)]PF6 functions in homogeneous photocatalytic systems for visible light-driven water splitting to produce hydrogen.
Fluorescent Dye  
/
HY-W015551 trans-2-Decenal
trans-2-Decenal ((E)-Dec-2-enal) acts as a urease inhibitor and antibacterial agent against Helicobacter pylori, with an IC50 of 9.484 μg/mL against Helicobacter pylori urease. trans-2-Decenal reduces the urease activity of Helicobacter pylori, and possesses antibacterial, bactericidal, anti-biofilm and anti-migratory activities. It alters the morphology of Helicobacter pylori, induces bacterial rupture, inhibits biofilm formation, reduces the number of mature biofilms and impairs the migratory capacity of Helicobacter pylori. trans-2-Decenal disrupts the cell wall integrity of Phytophthora capsici, damages membrane integrity and permeability, triggers intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, decreases glutathione levels and disrupts the mitochondrial membrane potential of Phytophthora capsici. trans-2-Decenal is applicable to studies related to Helicobacter pylori and plant diseases induced by and Phytophthora capsici.
Bacterial   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Infection  
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HY-N2552 Vitamin K5 hydrochloride
Vitamin K5 hydrochloride is a photosensitizer and a antimicrobial agent. Vitamin K5 hydrochloride is a specific PKM2 inhibitor with IC50 values of 28, 191 and 120 μM for PKM2, PKM1 and PKL. Vitamin K5 hydrochloride induces apoptosis of colon 26 cells. Vitamin K5 hydrochloride can be used for the research of infection and cancer, and it also can be used as a preservative for pharmaceuticals, foods, and beverages.
Pyruvate Kinase   Bacterial   Fungal   Apoptosis  
Cancer  
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HY-W037823 Pterin-6-carboxylic acid
Pterin-6-carboxylic acid serves as a precursor for the formation of folate, which plays a critical role in cell growth, development, and repair. Pterine-6-carboxylic acid has been studied for its potential as a fluorescent dye.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-P2213 GPLGIAGQ
GPLGIAGQ, a MMP2-cleavable polypeptide, is used as a stimulus-sensitive linker in both liposomal and micellar nanocarriers for MMP2-triggered tumor targeting. GPLGIAGQ can be used to synthesis unique MMP2-targeted photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT).
MMP   Apoptosis  
Pancreatic Cancer   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation  
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HY-Y0546S Benzophenone-d10
Benzophenone-d10 is the deuterium labeled Benzophenone (HY-Y0546). Benzophenone is an endogenous metabolite. Benzophenone is a photosensitizer, that absorbs UV light, transfers its energy to DNA, and triggers DNA damage. Benzophenone can be used as the fragrance enhancer, ultraviolet curing agent, additive in plastics, or the flavor ingredient. Benzophenone can also be used in the manufacturing of insecticides, agricultural chemicals, hypnotics, antihistamines, and other pharmaceuticals. Benzophenone exhibits certain carcinogenicity in mouse/rat models under long term exposure. Benzophenone exhibits estrogenic activity.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Photosensitizer   Endogenous Metabolite  
Cancer  
/
HY-W011376 5-Bromo-2'-deoxycytidine
5-Bromo-2'-deoxycytidine is a DNA photosensitizer. 5-Bromo-2'-deoxycytidine modifies the double-stranded DNA, and determinate the DNA damage 300 nm photon.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
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HY-W010417 4-Thiouracil
4-Thiouracil is a thionucleobase with cytostatic properties. 4-Thiouracil can be used as biological photoprobes to detect RNA structures and nucleic acid-nucleic acid contacts. 4-Thiouracil can also act as a strong ultraviolet A (UVA) photosensitizer, providing a source of the reactive oxygen species of O2. 4-Thiouracil is promising for research of photocross linking, photodamage, as well as photodynamic therapy.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
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HY-D0943 Nuclear Fast Red
Nuclear Fast Red, an anthraquinone dye, is commonly used in conjunction with an excess of aluminum ions as a red nuclear counterstain. Nuclear fast red has been used as a histochemical and colorimetric reagent for calcium. Nuclear fast red as highly sensitive "off/on" fluorescent probe for detecting guanine.
Fluorescent Dye   Photosensitizer  
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HY-W051271 Titanium(IV) oxide
Titanium(IV) oxide is a photosensitizer and photocatalyst. Titanium(IV) oxide can be used as a pharmaceutical excipient such as a flow aid, coating agent, sunscreen, colorant, etc. Pharmaceutical excipients or pharmaceutical excipients refer to other chemical substances used in the pharmaceutical process other than the drug ingredients. Pharmaceutical excipients generally refer to inactive ingredients in pharmaceutical preparations that can improve the stability, solubility and processability of pharmaceutical preparations. Pharmaceutical excipients also affect the absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination (ADME) process of co-administered drugs. Titanium(IV) oxide can use light energy to generate electron-hole pairs to degrade pollutants. Photons excite electrons in TiO2 to generate active oxygen species (such as ·OH and ·O2-), thereby oxidizing and mineralizing pollutants such as organic compounds and heavy metals. TiO2 can be used in the research of environmental remediation fields such as water treatment, air purification and self-cleaning materials.
Environmental Pollutants   Photosensitizer   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
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HY-N6743 Cercosporin
Cercosporin is produced by a plant pathogen, Pseudocercosporella capsellae. Cercosporin is a potent photosensitizer with a short activation wavelength, mostly suitable for superficial photodynamic therapy (PDT) treatments, especially when it is necessary to avoid perforations. Cercosporin contains the perylenequinone structural features necessary to PKC activity with an IC50 of 0.6-1.3 μM.

Source: Pseudocercosporella capsellae

PKC  
Cancer  
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HY-N0005S Curcumin-d6
Curcumin-d6 (Diferuloylmethane-d6 ) is deuterium labeled Curcumin (HY-N0005). Curcumin (Diferuloylmethane), a natural phenolic compound, is a p300/CREB-binding protein-specific inhibitor of acetyltransferase, represses the acetylation of histone/nonhistone proteins and histone acetyltransferase-dependent chromatin transcription. Curcumin is a photosensitizer against microorganisms. Curcumin shows inhibitory effects on NF-κB and MAPKs, and has diverse pharmacologic effects including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative and antiangiogenic activities. Curcumin induces stabilization of Nrf2 protein through Keap1 cysteine modification.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Keap1-Nrf2   Ferroptosis   Autophagy   Histone Acetyltransferase   Epigenetic Reader Domain   Mitophagy   Influenza Virus  
Cancer   Infection   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
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HY-D2353 Biotin-PEG3-benzophenone
Biotin-PEG3-benzophenone is biotin-labeled Benzophenone (HY-Y0546). Benzophenone is an endogenous metabolite and a photosensitizer that has been implicated in photosensitive damage to DNA. Benzophenone causes nucleobase oxidation, formation of cyclobutane-pyrimidine dimers, single-strand breaks, DNA-protein cross-links or abasic sites, different pathologies that may occur in nucleosides, oligonucleotides or DNA .
DNA/RNA Synthesis  
Cancer  
/
HY-P990294 Anti-Mouse CD106/VCAM-1 Antibody (M/K-2.7)
Anti-Mouse CD106/VCAM-1 Antibody (M/K-2.7) is an anti-mouse CD106/VCAM-1 IgG1 monoclonal antibody. Anti-Mouse CD106/VCAM-1 Antibody (M/K-2.7) reduces inflammatory response and oxidative stress by lowering p-STAT3 and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Anti-Mouse CD106/VCAM-1 Antibody (M/K-2.7) can alleviate cardiac inflammation and fibrosis by reducing the expression of collagen I and collagen III. Anti-Mouse CD106/VCAM-1 Antibody (M/K-2.7) can be used for research on cardiovascular conditions such as hypertensive heart condition and subretinal fibrosis.

Species: Mouse

Transmembrane Glycoprotein   STAT   Collagen   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Interleukin Related  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease  
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HY-Y1129 3-Hydroxypyridine
3-Hydroxypyridine is a compound that can be isolated from bamboo grass. As an endogenous photosensitizer present in human skin, 3-hydroxypyridine can mediate oxidative stress, proliferation inhibition and apoptosis of skin cells through UVA/UVB excitation.

Source: Ensifer adhaerens HP1 

Photosensitizer   Apoptosis  
Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   Parkinson's Disease  
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HY-169798 1,9-Dimethylmethylene blue
1,9-Dimethylmethylene blue is a photosensitizer, virus inactivator and hemoglobin oxidant derived from methylene blue. When activated, 1,9-Dimethylmethylene blue generates reactive oxygen species including singlet oxygen, and acts as a metachromatic dye. When activated in monomeric or dimeric form, 1,9-Dimethylmethylene blue induces photoinactivation of R17 phage and vesicular stomatitis virus and oxidizes hemoglobin via non-singlet oxygen reactive oxygen species or singlet oxygen-mediated pathways, respectively. The monomeric form, with higher nucleic acid affinity, achieves virus inactivation under specific conditions without forming methemoglobin. 1,9-Dimethylmethylene blue binds to substances such as glycosaminoglycans to produce color changes. Although it is susceptible to interference from non-glycosaminoglycan components in urine, it is still applicable to spectrophotometric analysis for glycosaminoglycan quantification. With these unique photochemical and binding properties, 1,9-Dimethylmethylene blue is widely used in studies of viral infections and related biochemical analyses.
Fluorescent Dye   VSV  
HSV Infection  
/
HY-16045 Hexaminolevulinate hydrochloride
Hexaminolevulinate (Hexyl 5-aminolevulinate) hydrochloride, a porphyrin precursor, is a photosensitiser that can be used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for certain tumor. Hexaminolevulinate hydrochloride can improve the visualisation of bladder tumours.
Fluorescent Dye  
Cancer  
/
HY-121310 Phthalocyanine
Phthalocyanine is a type of pigment and Photosensitizer. Upon irradiation, Phthalocyanine generates ROS or converts light energy into heat, inducing oxidative damage, cytotoxicity, and photodynamic killing of bacterial biofilms. Phthalocyanine produces chemiluminescence when oxidized. It can be used in studies related to cancer, bacterial infections, and photodynamic approaches.
Bacterial   Photosensitizer   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Biochemical Assay Reagents  
Cancer   Bacterial Infection  
/
HY-B1247R Protoporphyrin IX (Standard)
Protoporphyrin IX (Standard) is the analytical standard of Protoporphyrin IX. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Protoporphyrin IX is a final intermediate in the heme biosynthetic pathway, which acts as a radiation sensitizer enhancing ROS generation even in a hypoxic state and inducing DNA damage. Protoporphyrin IX also acts as a photo sensitizer undergoing photobleaching that occurs through direct degradation by light irradiation. Protoporphyrin IX is formed and accumulated following 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) (HY-W000450) administration in the tumor cells of rats. Protoporphyrin IX causes selective improvement of basal cell carcinoma when activated red fluorescence of a peak wavelength at 405 nm. Protoporphyrin IX is promising for research of sonodynamic and photodynamic agents for a wide range of cancers, such as bladder cancer and nodular basal cell carcinoma.
Reference Standards   Endogenous Metabolite  
Cancer  
/
HY-P4052 Pinealon
Pinealon is a 3-amino acid peptide and shows neuroprotective properties. Pinealon prevents reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and suppresses the activation of ERK 1/2. Pinealon stimulates the functional activity of the main cellular elements of brain tissue, reduces the level of spontaneous cell death. Pinealon protects the rat offspring from prenatal hyperhomocysteinemia.
ROS Kinase  
Cancer   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease  
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HY-W035145 Tris2,2′-bipyridineruthenium(II) hexafluorophosphate
Tris(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)hexafluorophosphate can be used to prepare Ru(II)-containing photodynamic therapy (PDT) photosensitizers.
Drug Intermediate  
/
HY-D1078 5(6)-Carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate
5 (6)-Carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate is a fluorescein-based reactive oxygen species (ROS) probe and also a MRP2 substrate. 5 (6)-Carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate serves as a substrate for intracellular esterases, which cleave its acetate groups to generate a fluorescent product capable of detecting intracellular ROS. 5 (6)-Carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate is ATP-dependent and is transported via a single MRP2 binding site; it competes with LTC4 for MRP2 binding sites and inhibits MRP2-mediated LTC4 transport (Ex/Em = 496/525 nm).
Fluorescent Dye   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   P-glycoprotein  
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HY-W002879 4-Hydroxyphenylboronic acid pinacol ester
4-Hydroxyphenylboronic acid pinacol ester is a ROS-responsive component. 4-Hydroxyphenylboronic acid pinacol ester can structurally modify hyaluronic acid to prepare ROS-responsive intelligent nanocarriers and compound delivery systems. 4-Hydroxyphenylboronic acid pinacol ester endows hyaluronic acid-based nanocarriers with ROS responsiveness, enabling them to rapidly release the encapsulated Curcumin (HY-N0005) in the presence of reactive oxygen species. 4-Hydroxyphenylboronic acid pinacol ester is applicable to research related to periodontitis. 4-Hydroxyphenylboronic acid pinacol ester can also be used for the synthesis of boronic acid-modified resins.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Digestive System Disease   Periodontal Disease  
/
HY-D2189 IR 700DX
IR 700DX (IR 700DX NHS ester) is a near-infrared (NIR) phthalocyanine dye with extremely high photostability and fluorescence intensity. IR 700DX binds to biomolecules. IR 700DX has excellent water solubility, large extinction coefficient, high fluorescence quantum yield, and does not aggregate in high ionic strength buffers. IR 700DX can be used as a highly flexible photosensitizer.
Fluorescent Dye  
/
HY-D0259 Erythrosine B
Erythrosine B is an artificial dye widely used in the food and textile industries. Erythrosine B is also a novel photosensitizer which has been used to develop animal models.
Environmental Pollutants   Fluorescent Dye  
/
HY-W040143 2',7'-Dichlorofluorescein
2',7'-Dichlorofluorescein is an important fluorescent product in the detection of oxidative stress and can be used to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS) (Ex=503 nm and Em=523 nm).
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Fluorescent Dye  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
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HY-P99139 Anti-Mouse IL-1b Antibody (B122)
Anti-Mouse IL-1b Antibody (B122) is an anti-mouse IL-1b IgG monoclonal antibody. Anti-Mouse IL-1b Antibody (B122) enhances ferroptosis and increases levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) combined with Sulfasalazine (SAS) (HY-14655). Anti-Mouse IL-1b Antibody (B122) can reduce monocyte infiltration and alleviate T cell exhaustion by blocking IL-1β signaling. Anti-Mouse IL-1b Antibody (B122) can be used for researches on cancer and cardiovascular conditions such as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), glioblastoma (GBM) and heart failure.

Species: Mouse

Interleukin Related   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Ferroptosis  
Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Glioma  
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HY-W090294 Perylene
Perylene, which is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon composed of four linearly fused benzene rings, is commonly used as a pigment and dye in a variety of applications, including printing inks, plastics, and textiles. In addition, Perylene has potential uses in solar cells as photosensitizers and as fluorescent probes in biochemistry and materials science. Perylene's rigid planar structure endows it with unique electronic and optical properties, making it a versatile and important compound in many fields of chemistry and materials science.
Environmental Pollutants   Biochemical Assay Reagents  
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HY-W008566 Norharmane
Norharmane (Norharman), a β-carboline alkaloid, is a potent and reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor, with IC50 values of 6.5 and 4.7 μM for MAO-A and MAO-B, respectively. Norharmane causes antidepressant responses. Norharmane is also a prospective anti-cancer photosensitizer. Norharmane alters polar auxin transport (PAT) by inhibiting PIN2, PIN3 and PIN7 transport proteins, thus causing a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings.

Source: Cyanobacteria

Monoamine Oxidase   Endogenous Metabolite  
Cancer   Infection   Depression   Parkinson's Disease  
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HY-113110 Cysteinylglycine
Cysteinylglycine (L-Cysteinylglycine; Cys-Gly) is a dipeptide formed by the peptide bond linkage between cysteine (Cysteine) and glycine (Glycine). Cysteinylglycine is an important metabolic intermediate in the human body, mainly derived from the degradation of glutathione (GSH). Cysteinylglycine reduces ferric iron to ferrous iron, drives the redox cycle of iron, generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), stimulates oxidative reactions, induces lipid peroxidation of human plasma LDL lipoproteins, and causes oxidative damage to DNA bases. Cysteinylglycine can be used as a biomarker to evaluate ischemic heart disease, breast cancer and other conditions.
Endogenous Metabolite   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   DNA/RNA Synthesis  
Breast Cancer   Heart Disease  
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HY-K3014D Bi-27 Serum-free Supplement (50×), Antioxidant-Free

MCE Bi-27 Serum-free Supplement (50×), Antioxidant-Free is a customized neuronal culture supplement developed by removing antioxidants components (such as vitamins, superoxide dismutase, catalase, etc.) from the standard Bi-27 formulation. It is specifically designed for investigating the roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in aging, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and chronic neurological diseases. This formulation provides a stable culture environment for mechanistic studies without the interference of exogenous antioxidants.

Cell Biology Cell Culture Cell Culture Supplements

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Keywords

Photosensitizer | Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)