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Macrophage Phenotypic Regulation Mechanisms In Diseases

Chronic Inflammation Intercellular Communication & Diseases Metabolic Diseases Tumor Microenvironment

Macrophages acquire disease-relevant phenotypes through origin, tissue location, and dynamic environmental signaling. Some tissue-resident populations arise during development and self-renew, whereas recruited monocytes differentiate after injury or infection. Pattern-recognition receptors, cytokines, immune complexes, dying cells, lipids, oxygen tension, extracellular matrix, and microbial products jointly shape their transcriptional and metabolic state. The traditional M1/M2 scheme is useful for describing experimentally induced proinflammatory versus reparative programs, but human tissues contain continua and mixed states that cannot be assigned reliably to two categories. A macrophage can simultaneously express inflammatory, phagocytic, angiogenic, or fibrotic modules, and its state can change as disease evolves[1][2][3].

Key pathways translate local cues. TLR signaling and NF-kappaB promote inflammatory cytokines, interferon and STAT pathways respond to immune signals, and IL-4/IL-13-STAT6 or PPAR-gamma programs support selected repair and metabolic functions. Cellular metabolism is coupled to phenotype: changes in glycolysis, mitochondrial oxidation, lipid handling, and metabolites alter effector activity. Epigenetic memory can produce trained immunity, while microRNAs and chromatin modifications reinforce or redirect responses. Histone lactylation links lactate abundance to gene regulation and has been proposed as a mechanism by which metabolically stressed or hypoxic tissues reshape macrophage transcription. Its effect is context dependent, and association between lactate, a histone mark, and a phenotype does not alone prove a causal pathway. Repeated measurements are preferable to a single biopsy because therapy can change macrophage composition as well as state. Species differences in macrophage markers and ontogeny must also be considered during clinical translation[2][3][4][5].

Disease illustrates both benefit and harm. Early inflammatory macrophages can kill pathogens and clear debris, yet persistence damages tissue. Reparative macrophages promote matrix remodeling, angiogenesis, and resolution, but similar programs can sustain fibrosis or suppress antitumor immunity. In the liver, resident Kupffer cells and recruited monocyte-derived macrophages respond differently to injury. They can amplify hepatocyte damage, activate stellate cells, and support tumors; after injury ceases, other signals promote scar regression and repair. Comparable context dependence occurs in atherosclerosis, obesity, chronic wounds, autoimmunity, allergy, and neuroinflammation. Therefore, the therapeutic goal is not simply to convert all M1 cells into M2 cells, but to remove a pathogenic state while preserving host defense and tissue restoration. Potential interventions block monocyte recruitment, inhibit disease-specific receptors or cytokines, reprogram metabolism or epigenetic state, deliver drugs through macrophage-avid nanoparticles, or promote pro-resolving functions. Timing is critical: blocking inflammatory recruitment may help chronic fibrosis but impair acute infection, whereas accelerating repair before pathogen clearance may be harmful[1][2][3][5].

Macrophage plasticity is therapeutically attractive precisely because it is dynamic, but that same plasticity demands disease-, compartment-, and phase-specific treatment. Translation requires markers that identify the target population in human tissue and distinguish resident from recruited cells. Single-cell and spatial profiling should be paired with lineage, perturbation, and functional assays, because marker clusters do not establish origin or behavior. Trials should measure target engagement, tissue state, clinical benefit, and infection or healing risks. Studies should also compare tissue signals with blood markers cautiously; circulating monocytes do not necessarily represent resident macrophages, and tissue dissociation can selectively lose fragile or highly adherent subsets[2][3][5].

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Cat. No. Product Name Information Application Publication
HY-17589 Chloroquine phosphate
Chloroquine phosphate is an antimalarial and anti-inflammatory agent widely used to treat malaria and rheumatoid arthritis. Chloroquine phosphate is an autophagy and toll-like receptors (TLRs) inhibitor. Chloroquine phosphate is highly effective in the control of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection in vitro (EC50=1.13 μM).
Parasite   Autophagy   SARS-CoV   Toll-like Receptor (TLR)   HIV   Antibiotic  
Pancreatic Cancer   Viral Infection   Parasitic Infection   Pain   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
1344
HY-17589A Chloroquine
Chloroquine is an antimalarial and anti-inflammatory agent widely used to treat malaria and rheumatoid arthritis. Chloroquine is an autophagy and toll-like receptors (TLRs) inhibitor. Chloroquine is highly effective in the control of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection in vitro (EC50=1.13 μM).
Parasite   Autophagy   SARS-CoV   Toll-like Receptor (TLR)   HIV   Antibiotic  
Breast Cancer   Pancreatic Cancer   Viral Infection   Parasitic Infection   Pain   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
1344
HY-18739 Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate
Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; TPA; Phorbol myristate acetate), a phorbol ester, is a dual SphK and protein kinase C (PKC) activator. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate is a NF-κB activator. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate induces differentiation in THP-1 cells (Validated by MedChemExpress).
PKC   SphK   NF-κB  
Prostate Cancer   Thyroid Cancer   Pancreatic Cancer   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation  
860
HY-D1056 Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5
Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 (LPS, from Escherichia coli (O55:B5)) are endotoxins and TLR4 activators extracted from Escherichia coli (E. coli O55:B5) and are classified as S (smooth) type LPS. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 possess the typical three-part structure: O-antigen, core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 activate TLR-4 in immune cells, exhibit high pyrogenicity, and demonstrate dose and serotype specificity. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 can be widely used to induce cellular inflammation and establish animal models related to inflammation.
It is recommended to prepare a solution with concentration ≥2 mg/mL. Vortex thoroughly for more than 10 minutes. Due to the adsorption characteristics of LPS, silanized container or low adsorption centrifuge tubes should be used for aliquoting and storage, and mix thoroughly before use.

Source: surface of Gram-negative bacteria

Toll-like Receptor (TLR)  
Cancer   Pain   Autoimmune Disease   Escherichia Coli Infection  
616
HY-10071 Y-27632
Y-27632 is a ROCK inhibitor with Ki values of 220 nM and 300 nM for ROCK1 and ROCK2, respectively. Y-27632 exerts anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in systemic lupus erythematosus models by inhibiting the ROCK/NF-κB pathway. Y-27632 enhances autophagy by inhibiting the AKT/mTOR pathway, thereby inducing apoptosis apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Y-27632 induces the formation of tunneling nanotubes in ARPE-19 cells and significantly enhances mitochondrial transfer through these channels. Y-27632 promotes neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells by activating the Rac1/NOX1/ROS/AKT/PAK1 signaling cascade.
ROCK   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Akt   Ras   mTOR   Apoptosis   PAK   NADPH Oxidase   NF-κB   Autophagy  
Cancer   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   Lung Fibrosis  
602
HY-11109 Resatorvid
Resatorvid (TAK-242) is a selective Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) inhibitor. Resatorvid inhibits NO, TNF-α and IL-6 production with IC50s of 1.8 nM, 1.9 nM and 1.3 nM, respectively. Resatorvid downregulates expression of TLR4 downstream signaling molecules MyD88 and TRIF. Resatorvid inhibits autophagy and plays pivotal role in various inflammatory diseases.
Toll-like Receptor (TLR)   TNF Receptor   Interleukin Related   Autophagy  
Prostate Cancer   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation   Obesity   Lung Fibrosis   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
536
HY-13453 BAY 11-7082
BAY 11-7082 is an IκBα phosphorylation and NF-κB inhibitor. BAY 11-7082 selectively and irreversibly inhibits the TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of IκB-α, and decreases NF-κB and expression of adhesion molecules. BAY 11-7082 inhibits ubiquitin-specific protease USP7 and USP21 (IC50=0.19, 0.96 μM, respectively). BAY 11-7082 inhibits gasdermin D (GSDMD) pore formation in liposomes and inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis and IL-1β secretion in human and mouse cells.
IKK   Deubiquitinase   Autophagy   Apoptosis   NF-κB  
Breast Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Ovarian Cancer   Depression   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation   Obesity  
507
HY-13818 Stattic
Stattic is a potent STAT3 inhibitor and inhibits STAT3 phosphorylation (at Y705 and S727). Stattic inhibits the binding of a high affinity phosphopeptide for the SH2 domain of STAT3. Stattic ameliorates the renal dysfunction in Alport syndrome (AS) mice.
STAT   Apoptosis  
Lung Cancer   Breast Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Digestive System Inflammation   Obesity  
322
HY-10201 Sorafenib
Sorafenib (Bay 43-9006) is a potent oral active multikinase inhibitor. Sorafenib blocks autophosphorylation and activity of receptor tyrosine kinases (VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3) and RAF family kinases, thereby suppressing the RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways, inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation, and selectively inhibiting the MAPK pathway in cancer cells. Sorafenib induces cell cycle arrest, autophagy, apoptosis, and PARP cleavage, reduces Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, cyclin D1 levels, and activates Bak and Bax. Sorafenib inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in mouse and rat models. Sorafenib can be used for cancer research, such as colon, breast, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), ovarian, pancreatic, melanoma, colorectal and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Raf   VEGFR   FLT3   Autophagy   Apoptosis   STAT   Akt   MMP   Cadherin   p38 MAPK   ERK   MEK   PI3K   PARP   Bcl-2 Family   Ephrin Receptor   PDGFR  
Gastric Cancer   Liver Cancer   Ovarian Cancer   Digestive System Inflammation   Small Cell Lung Cancer   Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer   Metastatic Breast Cancer   Metastatic Colorectal Cancer   Metastatic Prostate Cancer   Multiple Myeloma   Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Alzheimer's Disease   Parkinson's Disease   Obesity   Lung Fibrosis  
316
HY-10227 Bortezomib
Bortezomib (PS-341) is a reversible and selective proteasome inhibitor, and potently inhibits 20S proteasome (Ki=0.6 nM) by targeting a threonine residue. Bortezomib disrupts the cell cycle, induces apoptosis, and inhibits NF-κB. Bortezomib is the first proteasome inhibitor anticancer agent. Bortezomib can be used for the study of multiple myeloma (MM). Bortezomib effectively inhibits TREM2 expression in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs).
Proteasome   NF-κB   Apoptosis   Autophagy   TREM receptor   Ligands for Target Protein for PROTAC  
Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Ovarian Cancer   Viral Infection   Depression   Pain   Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer   Metastatic Breast Cancer   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Obesity  
278
HY-16578 GW9662
GW9662 is a potent and selective PPARγ antagonist with an IC50 of 3.3 nM, showing 10 and 1000-fold selectivity over PPARα and PPARδ, respectively.
PPAR  
Cancer   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   Obesity  
228
HY-17386 Rosiglitazone
Rosiglitazone (BRL 49653) is an orally active selective PPARγ agonist (EC50: 60 nM, Kd: 40 nM), with blood-brain barrier permeability. Rosiglitazone is an TRPC5 activator (EC50: 30 μM) and TRPM3 inhibitor. Rosiglitazone can be used in the research of obesity and diabetes, senescence, ovarian cancer.
PPAR   TRP Channel   Autophagy   Ferroptosis   Apoptosis  
Digestive System Disease   Prostate Cancer   Ovarian Cancer   Viral Infection   Depression   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation   Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Type 2 Diabetes   Obesity  
197
HY-13982 JSH-23
JSH-23 is an NF-κB inhibitor which inhibits NF-κB transcriptional activity with an IC50 of 7.1 μM in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages RAW 264.7. JSH-23 inhibits nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 without affecting IκBα degradation.
NF-κB  
Breast Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Ovarian Cancer   Depression   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation   Glucose Metabolism   Obesity  
162
HY-14649 Retinoic acid
Retinoic acid is a metabolite of vitamin A that plays important roles in cell growth, differentiation, and organogenesis. Retinoic acid is a natural agonist of RAR nuclear receptors, with IC50s of 14 nM for RARα/β/γ. Retinoic acid bind to PPARβ/δ with Kd of 17 nM. Retinoic acid acts as an inhibitor of transcription factor Nrf2 through activation of retinoic acid receptor alpha.
Organoid   RAR/RXR   PPAR   Endogenous Metabolite   Autophagy  
Cancer   Digestive System Disease   Depression   Digestive System Inflammation   Obesity  
150
HY-13740 Resiquimod
Resiquimod is a Toll-like receptor 7 and 8 (TLR7/TLR8) agonist that induces the upregulation of cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-α.
Toll-like Receptor (TLR)   HCV  
Prostate Cancer   Viral Infection   Depression   Pain   Autoimmune Disease   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Hepatitis C Virus Infection  
120
HY-B0069 Fludarabine
Fludarabine (NSC 118218) is a DNA synthesis inhibitor and a fluorinated purine analogue with antineoplastic activity in lymphoproliferative malignancies. Fludarabine inhibits the cytokine-induced activation of STAT1 and STAT1-dependent gene transcription in normal resting or activated lymphocytes.
Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog   DNA/RNA Synthesis   STAT   Apoptosis  
Lung Cancer   Breast Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Viral Infection   Digestive System Inflammation   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Obesity   Lung Fibrosis  
119
HY-40354 Tofacitinib
Tofacitinib (Tasocitinib) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable selective inhibitor of JAK1/JAK3. Tofacitinib blocks the JAK-STAT/NF-κB signaling pathway, inhibits cytokine signal transduction, phosphorylation of STAT1/STAT5, and suppresses innate and adaptive immune responses. Tofacitinib can be used in research related to major depressive disorder, rheumatoid arthritis, pulmonary diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus, and immune-mediated liver injury.
JAK   STAT   NF-κB  
Depression   Pulmonary Disease   Systemic Lupus Erythematosus   Liver Injury   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
103
HY-100487 TAK-243
TAK-243 (MLN7243) is a first-in-class, selective ubiquitin activating enzyme, UAE (UBA1) inhibitor (IC50=1 nM), which blocks ubiquitin conjugation, disrupting monoubiquitin signaling as well as global protein ubiquitination. TAK-243 (MLN7243) induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, abrogates NF-κB pathway activation and promotes apoptosis.
E1/E2/E3 Enzyme   NF-κB   Apoptosis  
Breast Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Ovarian Cancer   Depression   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation   Obesity  
96
HY-B0673 Pirfenidone
Pirfenidone (AMR69) is an antifibrotic agent that attenuates CCL2 and CCL12 production in fibrocyte cells. Pirfenidone has growth-inhibitory effect and reduces TGF-β2 protein levels in human glioma cell lines. Pirfenidone also has anti-inflammatory activities.
TGF-beta/Smad   CCR  
Colorectal Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Viral Infection   Digestive System Inflammation   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Lung Fibrosis   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
96
HY-W031727 Hydroxychloroquine
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is a synthetic oral antimalarial drug that can be used in the study of malaria and autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Hydroxychloroquine is a potent autophagic flux inhibitor with antiviral activity (such as SARS-CoV-2 virus) that inhibits Toll-like receptor 7/9 (TLR7/9) signaling.
Parasite   Toll-like Receptor (TLR)   SARS-CoV   Autophagy  
Prostate Cancer   Pancreatic Cancer   Viral Infection   Parasitic Infection   Pain   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
95
HY-15372 GW6471
GW6471 is a selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) antagonist. GW6471 reduces cancer stem cell viability, proliferation, and spheroid formation. GW6471 induces apoptosis and causes metabolic impairment including energy imbalance. GW6471 can be used for the research of paragangliomas and triple-negative breast cancer.
PPAR   Apoptosis  
Triple-Negative Breast Cancer  
85
HY-L156 Autoimmune Disease Compound Library
Autoimmune disease is a pathological disease characterized by inflammatory disorders targeting autoantigens. The routine treatment of autoimmune diseases suppresses general immune function to regulate uncontrolled inflammation. The current targeted immunotherapy suppresses the main pro-inflammatory signaling pathways by blocking inflammatory cytokines, cell surface molecules, and intracellular kinases. As key participants in innate immunity, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial for Ag presentation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production, such as TNF and IL-1 β、 IL-6, IL-23, B cell activating factor (BAFF), and the proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL, also known as TNFSF13A). MCE designs a unique collection of 1,040 autoimmune disease-related compounds, covering multiple targets and subtypes, such as TNF Receptor, IFNAR, JAK, Btk, TLR, IL-6, IL-17, IL-23, etc. It is a useful tool for screening autoimmune disease drugs.

Disease Focused Libraries

83
HY-L174 Macrophage Related Compound Library
Macrophages are effector cells of the innate immune system, engulfing bacteria and secreting pro-inflammatory and antibacterial mediators. They are an important component of the first line defense against pathogens and tumor cells. In addition, macrophages play an important role in eliminating damaged cells through programmed cell death. Like all immune cells, macrophages originate from pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. Macrophages play key functions in many physiological processes beyond homeostasis and innate immunity, including metabolic function, cell debris clearance, tissue repair, and remodeling. In order to fulfill their different functional roles, macrophages can polarize into a series of phenotypes, including classic (pro inflammatory, M1) and alternative (anti-inflammatory, healing promoting, M2) activation states, as well as a wide range of regulatory phenotypes and subtypes. Macrophages exist in all vertebrate tissues and have a dual function in host protection and tissue damage, maintaining a good balance. MCE designs a unique collection of 276 macrophage related compounds. It is a good tool to be used for research on Inflammation, cancer and other diseases.

Compound Characteristic Classified Libraries

83
HY-L185 Anti-Fibrosis Compound Library
Fibrosis is a kind of repair response to long-term tissue damage, which is mainly manifested by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) and scar formation. Myofibroblasts are the main generating cells of extracellular matrix, and their activation process is related to various pathological mechanisms including Oxidative stress, chronic inflammation and cytokine secretion. Fibrosis can occur in many organs, such as kidneys, liver, heart, lungs, etc. Continuous fibrosis can lead to the destruction of the normal structure of tissues and organs, and if not controlled in time, may cause organ failure or even life-threatening. MCE contains 2,568 compounds targeting ant-fibrosis targets such as TGF-β, PI3K, Wnt, MMP, etc. These compounds have clear or potential anti-fibrosis activity and can be used for mechanism research and drug screening of fibrosis diseases.

Disease Focused Libraries

83
HY-L212 Neuropeptide Library
Neuropeptides are small proteins produced and released by neurons through the regulation of secretory pathways, expressed in neurons and have transmitter or co-transmitter functions, and are used as nerve substrates. Neuropeptides are by far the largest and most diverse signaling molecules in the brain and have been implicated in the development of diseases and drugs. Neuropeptides are involved in inflammatory and immune diseases and have an impact on epithelial, vascular, and connective tissue cells proliferation and tissue repair. Studies have shown that neuropeptides are particularly important when the nervous system is challenged, such as stress, injury, or substance abuse. Substance P is a neuropeptide that acts as a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator in the central nervous system and is currently in clinical research and has been shown to be involved in inflammatory processes and pain. MCE can provide 128 neuropeptides that can be used for scientific research.
83
HY-L249 Lactylation Compound Library
Protein lactylation, an emerging post-translational modification identified in recent years, plays a critical role in linking cellular metabolic reprogramming, epigenetic regulation, and signaling networks. Based on a systematic framework encompassing lactate metabolism, lactylation, and downstream signaling pathways, this compound library comprehensively targets multiple regulatory layers, including histone modification enzymes (such as p300 and HDACs), key glycolytic enzymes (such as PKM2, LDHA, and GAPDH), transcriptional regulators (such as STAT3, HMGB1, and p53), as well as central signaling pathway nodes including HIF-1α, NF-κB, and PI3K-AKT-mTOR. This integrated design enables a comprehensive representation of the regulatory roles of lactylation across the “metabolism–epigenetics–signaling” axis. MCE has assembled a collection of 6,182 known bioactive compounds and potential functional molecules, making this library suitable for a wide range of applications, including high-throughput drug screening, inhibitor identification, and mechanistic studies. It can be used to systematically evaluate the functional roles of lactylation in biological processes such as tumor metabolism, immune regulation, and inflammatory responses, and to efficiently identify small-molecule candidates with regulatory potential, thereby facilitating the development of innovative therapeutics targeting the interplay between metabolism and epigenetic regulation.

Signaling Pathway Targeting Libraries

83
HY-L255 Dipeptide Compound Library
Dipeptide compounds have attracted extensive attention in drug discovery and life science research due to their simple structures, ease of modification, and favorable biocompatibility. As small peptides composed of two amino acids, dipeptides exhibit diverse biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, and immunomodulatory effects, showing significant application potential in metabolic disorders, neurological diseases, and cancer research. Compared with traditional small molecules, dipeptide compounds possess favorable target-binding properties and high structural plasticity, making them valuable tools for drug screening and mechanism studies. The MCE Dipeptide Compound Library contains 72 dipeptide compounds and can be applied to peptide drug discovery and development.

Structure Classified Libraries

83
HY-32735 Triptolide
Triptolide is a diterpenoid triepoxide extracted from the root of Tripterygium wilfordii with immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and antitumour effects. Triptolide is a NF-κB activation inhibitor.
Environmental Pollutants   Apoptosis   NF-κB  
Breast Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Ovarian Cancer   Viral Infection   Depression   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation   Obesity  
76
HY-135748 Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium
Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly(I:C)) sodium is a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA and an agonist of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RIG-I and MDA5). Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium can be used as a vaccine adjuvant to enhance innate and adaptive immune responses, and to alter the tumor microenvironment. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium can directly trigger cancer cells to undergo apoptosis.
RIG-I-like receptor (RLR)   Toll-like Receptor (TLR)   Apoptosis  
Cancer   Digestive System Disease   Pain   Autoimmune Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   Lung Fibrosis  
75
HY-16141 Cilengitide
Cilengitide (EMD 121974) is an integrin (integrin) inhibitor with blood-brain barrier permeability, with IC50 values against human targets as follows: 0.61 nM for αvβ3, 8.4 nM for αvβ5, 14.9 nM for α5β1, 5400 nM for αIIbβ3, 2050 nM for αvβ6, 2350 nM for αvβ8. Cilengitide inhibits the binding of integrins to vitronectin, fibronectin, fibrinogen and LAP (TGF-β), and serves as an internal standard for solid-phase integrin binding assays. Cilengitide inhibits tumor cell viability, induces apoptosis, reduces the phosphorylation levels of STAT3, AKT and mTOR, downregulates the expression of PD-L1, inhibits cell viability and angiogenesis, regulates anti-tumor immune responses and slows tumor growth. Cilengitide can be used in research related to glioblastoma, melanoma, advanced solid tumors and refractory brain tumors.
Integrin   TGF-β Receptor   Apoptosis   PD-1/PD-L1   STAT   Akt   mTOR  
Melanoma   Glioblastoma  
75
HY-107202 Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid
Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly(I:C)) is a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA and an agonist of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RIG-I and MDA5). Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid can be used as a vaccine adjuvant to enhance innate and adaptive immune responses, and to alter the tumor microenvironment. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid can directly trigger cancer cells to undergo apoptosis.
RIG-I-like receptor (RLR)   Toll-like Receptor (TLR)   PKD   HSP   Bcl-2 Family   Interleukin Related   Apoptosis  
Infection   Digestive System Disease   Prostate Cancer   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation   Lung Fibrosis   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
73
HY-18234A Leupeptin hemisulfate
Leupeptin hemisulfate is a broad-spectrum protease inhibitor. By inhibiting the activation of the PTEN/PI3K/Akt/NF-κB/ERK1/2/p38 signaling pathway, Leupeptin hemisulfate significantly reduces LPS-induced NO and ROS production, mitochondrial membrane potential hyperpolarization, phagocytic activity, pro-inflammatory cytokine release, and M1 polarization in mouse peritoneal macrophages, and reverses autophagic flux impairment. It also decreases Concanavalin A (HY-P2149)-induced proliferation index of mouse splenic lymphocytes and the Th1/IL-10 and Th2/IL-10 cytokine ratios, thereby modulating innate and adaptive immune responses. Leupeptin hemisulfate inhibits blood coagulation and tumorigenesis in mouse skin. Leupeptin hemisulfate can be used in research on chronic inflammatory diseases and skin tumorigenesis.

Source: Streptomyces roseus MB-26-AI

Ser/Thr Protease   Cathepsin   Autophagy   SARS-CoV   Atg8/LC3   NO Synthase   COX   p62   Arginase   PTEN   NF-κB   PI3K   Akt   p38 MAPK   ERK   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Respiratory Disease   Coronavirus Infection   Skin Disease  
68
HY-B0180 Imiquimod
Imiquimod (R 837), an immune response modifier, is a selective toll like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist. Imiquimod exhibits antiviral and antitumor effects in vivo. Imiquimod can be used for the research of external genital, perianal warts, cancer and COVID-19.
Toll-like Receptor (TLR)   Autophagy   SARS-CoV   HSV  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metastatic Breast Cancer   SARS-CoV-2 Infection  
62
HY-13004 Maraviroc
Maraviroc (UK-427857) is a selective CCR5 antagonist with activity against human HIV.
CCR   HIV  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Pancreatic Cancer   Viral Infection   Digestive System Inflammation   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Lung Fibrosis   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
60
HY-13956 Pioglitazone
Pioglitazone (U 72107) is an orally active and selective PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor) agonist with high affinity binding to the PPARγ ligand-binding domain with EC50 of 0.93 and 0.99 μM for human and mouse PPARγ, respectively. Pioglitazone can be used in diabetes research.
PPAR   Ferroptosis  
Prostate Cancer   Pancreatic Cancer   Viral Infection   Coronavirus Infection   Depression   Digestive System Inflammation   Glucose Metabolism   Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer   Metastatic Breast Cancer   Obesity  
53
HY-P7361 GM-CSF Protein, Mouse
GM-CSF Protein is a hematopoietic growth factor and immunomodulator. By binding to specific receptors on the surface of target cells, GM-CSF Protein activates intracellular signaling pathways to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, maturation, and function. GM-CSF Protein plays an important role in the hematopoietic process and the immune system. GM-CSF Protein, Mouse is a recombinant GM-CSF Protein expressed by E. coli without a tag.

Species: Mouse; Source: E. coli

Cytokines and Growth Factors CSF & Receptors GM-CSF

45
HY-N0193 Artesunate
Artesunate is an inhibitor of both STAT-3 and exported protein 1 (EXP1).
STAT   Ferroptosis   Parasite   Virus Protease  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Lung Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Viral Infection   Parasitic Infection   Metastatic Breast Cancer   Obesity  
43
HY-15027 5-Aminosalicylic Acid
5-Aminosalicylic acid (Mesalamine) acts as a specific PPARγ agonist and also inhibits p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) and NF-κB. 5-Aminosalicylic acid can inhibit the activity of osteopontin (OPN).
PPAR   PAK   NF-κB   Endogenous Metabolite  
Digestive System Disease   Colitis  
43
HY-16995 Pirinixic acid
Pirinixic acid (Wy-14643) is a potent agonist of PPARα, with EC50s of 0.63 μM, 32 μM for murine PPARα and PPARγ, and 5.0 μM, 60 μM, 35 μM for human PPARα, PPARγ and PPARδ, respectively.
PPAR  
Liver Cancer   Digestive System Inflammation   Obesity  
38
HY-14944 Homoharringtonine
Homoharringtonine (Omacetaxine mepesuccinate;HHT) is a cytotoxic alkaloid with antitumor properties which acts by inhibiting translation elongation.
STAT  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Lung Cancer   Breast Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Obesity  
37
HY-50935 Troglitazone
Troglitazone is an orally active PPARγ agonist, with EC50s of 550 nM and 780 nM for human and murine PPARγ receptor, respectively. Troglitazone has anticancer activity, prevents and inhibits the development of type 2 diabetes.
PPAR   Autophagy   Apoptosis   Ferroptosis  
Pancreatic Cancer   Depression   Digestive System Inflammation   Glucose Metabolism   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Obesity  
36
HY-117287 Deucravacitinib
Deucravacitinib (BMS-986165) is an orally active allosteric inhibitor of tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2), with an IC50 of 0.2 nM and a Ki of 0.02 nM against the JH2 domain of TYK2, and it exhibits selectivity over other JAK subtypes and most of the kinome. Deucravacitinib blocks IL-23, IL-12, p-STAT1/3 and Type I IFN signaling, and inhibits Th17/Th1-mediated psoriasis inflammation. Deucravacitinib can be used in research related to moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease and systemic lupus erythematosus.
JAK   STAT   Interleukin Related   IFNAR  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus   Psoriasis   Inflammatory Bowel Disease  
36
HY-17356 Fenofibrate
Fenofibrate is a selective PPARα agonist with an EC50 of 30 μM. Fenofibrate also inhibits human cytochrome P450 isoforms, with IC50s of 0.2, 0.7, 9.7, 4.8 and 142.1 μM for CYP2C19, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C8, and CYP3A4, respectively.
PPAR   Cytochrome P450   Autophagy  
Digestive System Disease   Breast Cancer   Viral Infection   Depression   Digestive System Inflammation   Cardiovascular Disease   Glucose Metabolism  
36
HY-N0182 Fisetin
Fisetin is a natural flavonol found in many fruits and vegetables with various benefits, such as antioxidant, anticancer, neuroprotection effects.
Sirtuin   PPAR   TNF Receptor  
Digestive System Disease   Prostate Cancer   Viral Infection   Depression   Digestive System Inflammation   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Obesity   Lung Fibrosis   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
35
HY-15418 RS 504393
RS 504393 is a selective CCR2 chemokine receptor antagonist (IC50 values are 89 nM and > 100 μM for inhibition of human recombinant CCR2 and CCR1 receptors respectively).
CCR  
Cancer   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   Lung Fibrosis   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
33
HY-50674 INCB3344
INCB3344 is a potent, selective and orally bioavailable CCR2 antagonist with IC50 values of 5.1 nM (hCCR2) and 9.5 nM (mCCR2) in binding antagonism and 3.8 nM (hCCR2) and 7.8 nM (mCCR2) in antagonism of chemotaxis activity.
CCR  
Cancer   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   Lung Fibrosis   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
30
HY-B0498 Bindarit
Bindarit (AF2838) is a selective inhibitor of the monocyte chemotactic proteins MCP-1/CCL2, MCP-3/CCL7, and MCP-2/CCL8, and no effect on other CC and CXC chemokines such as MIP-1α/CCL3, MIP-1β/CCL4, MIP-3/CCL23. Bindarit also has anti-inflammatory activity.
CCR  
Cancer   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Lung Fibrosis   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
29
HY-12080 BX471
BX471 (ZK-811752) is an orally active, potent and selective non-peptide CCR1 antagonist with a Ki of 1 nM, and exhibits 250-fold selectivity for CCR1 over CCR2, CCR5 and CXCR4.
CCR  
Cancer   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   Lung Fibrosis   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
29
HY-D0861A EGTA tetrasodium
EGTA tetrasodium is a cell-impermeant specific calcium ion chelator. EGTA tetrasodium has an apparent calcium dissociation constant (Kd) of 60.5 nM at physiological pH (7.4) and has very high specificity for Ca2+ over Mg2+ (Mg2+ Kd 1-10 mM). EGTA tetrasodium significantly inhibits the substrate adherence capacity of inflammatory macrophages.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
28
HY-18611A Abaucin
RS102895 is a potent CCR2 antagonist, with an IC50 of 360 nM, and shows no effect on CCR1.
CCR  
Cancer   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   Lung Fibrosis   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
28
HY-D0861 EGTA
EGTA is a cell-impermeant specific calcium ion chelator. EGTA has an apparent calcium dissociation constant (Kd) of 60.5 nM at physiological pH (7.4) and has very high specificity for Ca2+ over Mg2+ (Mg2+ Kd 1-10 mM). EGTA significantly inhibits the substrate adherence capacity of inflammatory macrophages.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
28
HY-153808 Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)
Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) is an immunoadjuvant emulsified with antigen by its discoverer Jules T. Freund to enhance an animal's immune response to an antigen. Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) is also an inducer of the Th1 immune response and a ligand of TLRs. Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) contains heat-killed inactive tuberculosis bacilli and consists of a paraffin oil-in-water emulsion. Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) stimulates a strong and durable immune response and can be used to induce persistent inflammatory pain models in mice, experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) models, and more. Incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) (HY-153808A) is another type of Freund's Adjuvant that stimulates a weaker immune response.
Toll-like Receptor (TLR)  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
25
HY-N0171 Beta-Sitosterol (purity>80%)
Beta-Sitosterol (purity≥80%) is orally active. Beta-Sitosterol exhibits multiple activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant enzyme, and analgesic. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits inflammation and impaired adipogenesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells by reducing levels of ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB p65 and restoring the activity of the HIF-1α/mTOR signaling pathway. Beta-Sitosterol induces apoptosis in cancer cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysregulation and p53 activation. Beta-Sitosterol exerts its anticancer effects in cancer cells by activating caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, mediating PARP inactivation, MMP loss, altered Bcl-2-Bax ratio, and cytochrome c release. Beta-Sitosterol modulates macrophage polarization and reduces rheumatoid inflammation in mice. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits tumor growth in multiple mouse cancer models. Beta-Sitosterol can be used in the research of arthritis, lung cancer, breast cancer and other cancers, diabetes, etc.
Apoptosis   Endogenous Metabolite  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Breast Cancer  
24
HY-N0171A Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98%)
Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98%) is orally active. Beta-Sitosterol exhibits multiple activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant enzyme, and analgesic. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits inflammation and impaired adipogenesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells by reducing levels of ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB p65 and restoring the activity of the HIF-1α/mTOR signaling pathway. Beta-Sitosterol induces apoptosis in cancer cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysregulation and p53 activation. Beta-Sitosterol exerts its anticancer effects in cancer cells by activating caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, mediating PARP inactivation, MMP loss, altered Bcl-2-Bax ratio, and cytochrome c release. Beta-Sitosterol modulates macrophage polarization and reduces rheumatoid inflammation in mice. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits tumor growth in multiple mouse cancer models. Beta-Sitosterol can be used in the research of arthritis, lung cancer, breast cancer and other cancers, diabetes, etc.
Bacterial   Apoptosis   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   MDM-2/p53   Caspase   PARP   MMP   Bcl-2 Family   HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase   TNF Receptor   Interleukin Related   NF-κB   mTOR   Lactate Dehydrogenase   CDK   Glutathione Peroxidase   SOD  
Lung Cancer   Breast Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Ovarian Cancer   Bacterial Infection   Depression   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation   Cardiovascular Disease   Glucose Metabolism   Obesity   Lung Fibrosis   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
24
HY-13406 TAK-779
TAK-779 is a potent and selective nonpeptide antagonist of CCR5 and CXCR3, with a Ki of 1.1 nM for CCR5, and effectively and selectively inhibits R5 HIV-1, with EC50 and EC90 of 1.2 nM and 5.7 nM, respectively, in MAGI-CCR5 cells.
CCR   HIV   CXCR  
Cancer   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Digestive System Disease   Viral Infection   Digestive System Inflammation   Lung Fibrosis   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
13
HY-N0390S1 L-Glutamine-13C5
L-Glutamine-13C5 is the 13C-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na+-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   mGluR   Ferroptosis   Environmental Pollutants   Endogenous Metabolite   HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase   mTOR   STAT   NF-κB  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
13
HY-P7016A GM-CSF Protein, Human
GM-CSF Protein is a hematopoietic growth factor and immunomodulator. By binding to specific receptors on the surface of target cells, GM-CSF Protein activates intracellular signaling pathways to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, maturation, and function. GM-CSF Protein plays an important role in the hematopoietic process and the immune system. GM-CSF Protein, Human is a recombinant GM-CSF Protein expressed by E. coli without a tag.

Species: Human; Source: E. coli

Cytokines and Growth Factors CSF & Receptors GM-CSF

10
HY-107632 GYY4137
GY4137 is a sustained-release H2S donor possessing vasodilatory, antihypertensive, and anti-inflammatory activities. GY4137 can inhibit cell growth, induce apoptosis, and cause cell cycle arrest by blocking the STAT3 pathway, demonstrating potent anticancer activity.
Apoptosis   STAT   NF-κB   NO Synthase   COX   TNF Receptor   Interleukin Related  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease  
8
HY-113402A Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA
Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA (γ-Glu-Cys TFA) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease.
Interleukin Related   TNF Receptor   Endogenous Metabolite   AMPK   Sirtuin   STAT   PI3K   NF-κB   JAK   p38 MAPK   JNK   Akt   Apoptosis   Ferroptosis  
Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   Alzheimer's Disease   Inflammatory Bowel Disease  
4
HY-151435 CCR6 antagonist 1
CCR6 antagonist 1 is a CCR6 antagonist that inhibits the CCL20/CCR6 axis. CCR6 antagonist 1 can be used in the research of autoimmune-mediated inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs).
CCR  
Cancer   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   Lung Fibrosis   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
4
HY-113402 Gamma-glutamylcysteine
Gamma-glutamylcysteine (γ-Glu-Cys) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide. Gamma-glutamylcysteine activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease.
Endogenous Metabolite   Interleukin Related   TNF Receptor   AMPK   Sirtuin   STAT   PI3K   NF-κB   JAK   p38 MAPK   JNK   Akt   Apoptosis   Ferroptosis  
Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   Alzheimer's Disease   Inflammatory Bowel Disease  
4
HY-Y0520 Itaconic acid
Itaconic acid, a precursor of polymers, chemicals, and fuels, can be synthesized by many fungi. Itaconic acid also is a macrophage-specific metabolite. Itaconic acid mediates crosstalk between macrophage metabolism and peritoneal tumors. Itaconic acid has anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and immunomodulatory effect.
Endogenous Metabolite   Ferroptosis  
Cancer   Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
4
HY-B1391 D-Panthenol
D-Panthenol is the biologically-active alcohol of pantothenic acid, which leads to an elevation in the amount of coenzyme A in the cell. D-panthenol exhibits nephroprotective effect in AKI, promotes tissue repair and regeneration.
Environmental Pollutants   Endogenous Metabolite  
Cancer   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Glucose Metabolism  
3
HY-N6871 Abietic acid
Abietic acid, an orally active diterpene isolated from Colophony, displays significant anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity effect, bacteriostatic, cell cycle arresting and pro-apoptotic activities. Abietic acid inhibits lipoxygenase activity for allergy. Abietic acid enhances cell migration and tube formation in HUVECs. Abietic acid induces significant angiogenic potential, which is associated with upregulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 expression. Abietic acid attenuates sepsis-induced lung injury by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway to inhibit M1 macrophage polarization. Abietic acid exhibits a positive effect against liver injury by attenuating inflammation and ferroptosis. Abietic acid shows accelerated wound closure in a mouse model of cutaneous wounds. Abietic acid significantly reduces the proliferation and growth of NSCLC cells by IKKβ inhibition.Additionally, Abietic acid ameliorates psoriasis-like inflammation and modulates gut microbiota in mice. Abietic acid is promising for research in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), liver injury-related deseases and psoriasis.
Bacterial   IKK   Ferroptosis  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Lung Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Bacterial Infection   Obesity  
3
HY-D0970 Diphenyl Blue
Diphenyl Blue (Trypan Blue) is a cell active dye, the most commonly used dye for the identification of dead cells, of en used to test cell membrane integrity and cell viability. Diphenyl Blue staining is one of the methods for tissue and cell culture. When cells are deactivated or have incomplete cell membranes, Diphenyl Blue can stain them Blue. Normal living cells with intact cell membranes reject Diphenyl blue and do not stain them blue. However, macrophages are capable of phagocytosis of Diphenyl Blue, so it can be used as a living stain for macrophages.
Fluorescent Dye  
3
HY-P7069 GM-CSF Protein, Mouse (CHO)
GM-CSF Protein, Mouse (CHO) is a hematopoietic growth factor and immune modulator.

Species: Mouse; Source: CHO

Cytokines and Growth Factors CSF & Receptors GM-CSF

3
HY-N0577 Apiin
Apiin is a flavonoid glycoside-based iNOS inhibitor. Apiin inhibits the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in activated macrophages. Apiin exhibits anti-inflammatory activity.
NO Synthase  
Lung Fibrosis  
2
HY-P4846 Ac-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH
Ac-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH is an endogenous degradation product of extracellular collagen and acts as a CXCR2 agonist. Ac-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH exerts bactericidal activity by generating hydrogen peroxide, inhibits pulmonary inflammation, and reduces immune cell apoptosis (apoptosis). Ac-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH promotes the production of IFN-γ and inhibits the production of TNF-α and IL-6 in leukocytes. Ac-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH increases the survival rate of mice in sepsis models, enhances the bactericidal activity of neutrophils, acts as a neutrophil chemoattractant, induces neutrophil polarization, and regulates inflammatory and repair processes. Ac-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH induces chronic inflammation and tissue remodeling through sustained action. Ac-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH is released via alkaline hydrolysis of corneal proteins in alkali-injured eyes, thereby driving the early infiltration of neutrophils into the cornea. Ac-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH is applicable to research related to sepsis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome, severe asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and corneal ulcer.
CXCR   Apoptosis   IFNAR   TNF Receptor   Interleukin Related  
Infection   Allergy  
2
HY-N0113 Hordenine
Hordenine, an alkaloid found in plants, inhibits melanogenesis by suppression of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production.
Bacterial   p38 MAPK   JNK   ERK   Akt   Interleukin Related   TNF Receptor   NO Synthase   COX   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Microphthalmia Associated Transcription Factor (MITF)   Wnt   β-catenin   Dopamine Receptor   Adrenergic Receptor   5-HT Receptor   Serotonin Transporter   Dopamine Transporter   α-synuclein  
Musculoskeletal and Skin Disease   Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infection   Parkinson's Disease   Acute Lung Injury  
2
HY-P99136 Anti-Mouse IFN gamma Antibody (H22)
Anti-Mouse IFN gamma Antibody (H22) is an anti-mouse IFN gamma IgG antibody inhibitor derived from host Armenian Hamster. Anti-Mouse IFN gamma Antibody (H22) abrogates specific binding of I25II-rIFN-γ to macrophages. Anti-Mouse IFN gamma Antibody (H22) inhibits macrophage-activating factor (MAF) (ID50 = 56 ng). Anti-Mouse IFN gamma Antibody (H22) inhibits IFN-gamma dependent antiviral activity (ID50 = 2 ng). Anti-Mouse IFN gamma Antibody (H22) neutralizes IFNγ in mice. Anti-Mouse IFN gamma Antibody (H22) can be used for the researches of inflammation and infection, such as arthritis.

Species: Mouse

IFNAR  
Infection   Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
2
HY-P81214 Macrophage mannose receptor 1 Antibody (YA3531)
Macrophage mannose receptor 1 Antibody (YA3531) is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG monoclonal antibody, targeting to Macrophage mannose receptor 1.

Host: Rabbit; Reactivity: Human, Rat

Monoclonal Antibodies Recombinant Antibodies Primary Antibodies

2
HY-N6028 Darutoside
Darutoside is an orally effective diterpene compound with significant anti-inflammatory, analgesic, wound healing promotion, and immunomodulatory activities. Darutoside reduces edema and pain responses by inhibiting the expression of COX-2 and the migration of inflammatory cells. It regulates macrophage polarization towards the M2 type by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway, alleviating inflammation and promoting wound healing. Through multi-target regulation of metabolic networks, Darutoside significantly alleviates acute gouty arthritis.
COX   NF-κB   Interleukin Related   TNF Receptor  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
1
HY-D1056F Biotin-Lipopolysaccharide, from E.coli O111:B4
Biotin-Lipopolysaccharide, from E.coli O111:B4 (Biotin-LPS, from Escherichia coli (O111:B4)) is a biotin-conjugated Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (HY-D1056A1) that can be coupled with streptavidin protein. Biotin-Lipopolysaccharide, from E.coli O111:B4 can be used to identify Lipopolysaccharide ligands. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 (LPS, from Escherichia coli (O111:B4)) are endotoxins and TLR4 activators extracted from Escherichia coli (E. coli O111:B4) and are classified as S (smooth) type LPS. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 possess the typical three-part structure: O-antigen, R3-type core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 activate TLR-4 in immune cells and can cause significant gastric diseases. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 can also induce M1-type polarization in mouse macrophages.
It is recommended to prepare a solution with concentration ≥2 mg/mL. Vortex thoroughly for more than 10 minutes. Due to the adsorption characteristics of LPS, silanized container or low adsorption centrifuge tubes should be used for aliquoting and storage, and mix thoroughly before use.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
1
HY-P99777 Ontorpacept
Ontorpacept (TTI-621) is a soluble fusion protein that consists of the human SIRPα N-terminal (1-118) linked to the Fc region of human IgG1. The N-terminal (1-118)-fragment of ontorpacept is a binding domain for CD47 which is an inhibitor of phagocytosis by macrophages. Ontorpacept is a CD47-blocking checkpoint inhibitor with antitumor activity.
CD47  
Cancer  
1
HY-106373A Adrenocorticotropic hormone TFA
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH; Adrenocorticotrophic hormone) TFA is a polypeptide tropic hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland. Adrenocorticotropic hormone TFA stimulates cortisol secretion from the adrenal cortex via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Adrenocorticotropic hormone TFA regulates cortisol and androgen production. Adrenocorticotropic hormone TFA can promote the development of spermatogenesis. Adrenocorticotropic hormone TFA can relieve acute inflammation in gout models by inhibiting the polarization of macrophages to M1 type, inhibiting ROS and proinflammatory factor production and protecting mitochondrial function. Adrenocorticotropic hormone TFA can be used for the researches of inflammation, endocrinology, metabolic disease, such as gout and nephrotic syndrome.
Androgen Receptor   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Mitochondrial Metabolism   Interleukin Related   TNF Receptor  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Gout  
1
HY-N3415 Kumatakenin
Kumatakenin is an orally active apoptosis inducer and autophagy inhibitor, with a Kd value of 2.94 μM for mouse ATG5. Kumatakenin increases the activities of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9, thereby inducing caspase-dependent apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Kumatakenin reduces the expression of chemokines and pro-oncogenic factors in ovarian cancer cells, and inhibits M2 macrophage polarization. Kumatakenin inactivates TRIM65 function, reduces the expression and stability of FASN, and thus inhibits the proliferation, migration, invasion and tumor progression of esophageal cancer cells. Kumatakenin interacts with ATG5 to reduce its protein level, decrease LC3 level, and reduce the number of autophagosomes in the hippocampus. Kumatakenin binds to Eno3 to upregulate its expression, reduce the stability and expression level of IRP1 mRNA, inhibit ferroptosis, alleviate intestinal inflammation, and restore epithelial barrier function. Kumatakenin enhances the efficacy of antibiotics against pathogenic bacteria, inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication, and reduces cytokine production. Kumatakenin is applicable to research related to ovarian cancer, esophageal cancer, depression and colitis.
Apoptosis   Autophagy   Caspase   Ferroptosis   SARS-CoV  
Ovarian Cancer   Depression   Esophageal Cancer   Ulcerative Colitis  
1
HY-W105750 6-Hydroxyhexanoic acid
6-Hydroxyhexanoic acid (6-HHA) is a bacterial effector molecule with metabolic and immunomodulatory activities. 6-Hydroxyhexanoic acid activates the JAK1-STAT1 signaling pathway, promotes phenotypic conversion of M2 macrophages to M1 macrophages, and exerts anti-tumor effects by regulating macrophage polarization. 6-Hydroxyhexanoic acid inhibits lipolysis in adipocytes mediated by Gαi family GPCR, and reduces high-fat diet-induced weight gain and obesity. 6-Hydroxyhexanoic acid can be used in studies related to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, obesity, and insulin resistance.
JAK   STAT   Adenylate Cyclase  
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma   Insulin Resistance   Obesity  
1
HY-125527 Resolvin D1
Resolvin D1 (RvD1), an endogenous pro-resolving mediator of inflammation, is derived from omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid during the resolution phase of acute inflammation. Resolvin D1 blocks proinflammatory neutrophil migration by regulating actin polymerization, reduces TNF-α–mediated inflammation in macrophages, and enhances phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by macrophages.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
1
HY-106373 Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH; Adrenocorticotrophic hormone) is a polypeptide tropic hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland. Adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulates cortisol secretion from the adrenal cortex via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Adrenocorticotropic hormone regulates cortisol and androgen production. Adrenocorticotropic hormone can promote the development of spermatogenesis. Adrenocorticotropic hormone can relieve acute inflammation in gout models by inhibiting the polarization of macrophages to M1 type, inhibiting ROS and proinflammatory factor production and protecting mitochondrial function. Adrenocorticotropic hormone can be used for the researches of inflammation, endocrinology, metabolic disease, such as gout and nephrotic syndrome.
Androgen Receptor   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Mitochondrial Metabolism   Interleukin Related   TNF Receptor  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Gout  
1
HY-P4855 CRAMP (mouse)
CRAMP (mouse) is an antibacterial peptide and a functional homolog of LL-37. CRAMP (mouse) exhibits potent antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria. The complex formed by CRAMP (mouse) and CpG can activate macrophages to secrete TNF-α. CRAMP (mouse) plays a key role in wound healing, immune regulation and maintenance of intestinal homeostasis.
Bacterial   TNF Receptor  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Bacterial Infection  
1
HY-143712 Allolithocholic acid
Allolithocholic acid is an orally active metabolite of Lithocholic acid (HY-B0172). Allolithocholic acid is a dual GPBAR1 agonist (EC50 = 2.7 μM) and RORγt inverse agonist (IC50 = 3.4 μM). Allolithocholic acid modulates immune and metabolic pathways, regulates immune cell polarization, prevents M1 macrophage and Th17 CD4 cell polarization. Allolithocholic acid improves insulin sensitivity, reduces liver lipid accumulation, reverses liver immunological, inflammatory and metabolic signaling dysregulation, restores bile acid homeostasis, adipose tissue histopathology/function, and intestinal microbiota composition, modulates intestinal immunity. Allolithocholic acid can be used for the researches of cancer, inflammayion, immunology and metabolic disease.
Drug Metabolite   G protein-coupled Bile Acid Receptor 1   ROR  
Cancer   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
1
HY-W041892 Dimethyl itaconate
Dimethyl itaconate induces innate immune memory (trained immunity), and exhibits immunomodulatory property. Dimethyl itaconate inhibits the activation of microglia, reduces the neuroinflammation and synaptic structural damage. Dimethyl itaconate regulates the composition of intestinal flora.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Infection   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
1
HY-P3719 MOG(35-55) amide, mouse, rat
MOG (35-55) amide, mouse, rat the terminal amidation form of the 35-55 fragment of the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) immunogenic peptide (MOG (35-55) (HY-P1240)). MOG(35-55) amide, mouse, rat can be used for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) modeling.
CCR  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
1
HY-P70342 MMP-12 Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His)
MMP-12 protein has significant elastolytic activity and may contribute to tissue damage and remodeling.Its substrate preferences include preference for leucine at the P1' site and aromatic/hydrophobic residues at the P1 site, and preference for small hydrophobic residues such as alanine at the P3 site.MMP-12 Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His) is the recombinant mouse-derived MMP-12 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-6*His labeled tag.

Species: Mouse; Source: HEK293

Enzymes & Regulators Matrix Metalloproteinases MMP-12

1
HY-P86350 Macrophage mannose receptor 1 Antibody (YA6042)
Macrophage mannose receptor 1 Antibody (YA6042) is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG monoclonal antibody, targeting to Macrophage mannose receptor 1.

Host: Rabbit; Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat

Monoclonal Antibodies Recombinant Antibodies Primary Antibodies

1
HY-P80758 CD204 Antibody
CD204 Antibody is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG polyclonal antibody, targeting to CD204.

Host: Rabbit; Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat

Polyclonal Antibodies Primary Antibodies

1
HY-P83714M Rat Anti-Mouse CD206 Antibody (APC)
Rat Anti-Mouse CD206 Antibody (APC) is a rat-derived and allophycocyanin (APC) IgG2a monoclonal antibody, targeting to CD206.

Host: Rat; Reactivity: Mouse

Flow Cytometry Antibodies Conjugated Primary Antibodies Primary Antibodies

1
HY-121356S1 Carebastine-d5 Methyl Ester
Carebastine-d5 Methyl Ester is the deuterium labeled Carebastine. Carebastine is the active metabolite of Ebastine. Carebastine is a histamine H1 receptor antagonist. Carebastine inhibits VEGF-induced HUVEC and HPAEC proliferation, migration and angiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. Carebastine suppresses the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Histamine Receptor  
Cancer   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-121356S Carebastine-d5
Carebastine-d5 is the deuterium labeled Carebastine. Carebastine is the active metabolite of Ebastine. Carebastine is a histamine H1 receptor antagonist. Carebastine inhibits VEGF-induced HUVEC and HPAEC proliferation, migration and angiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. Carebastine suppresses the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Histamine Receptor  
Cancer   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-W753956 Iminostilbene-d10
Iminostilbene-d10 is the deuterium labeled Iminostilbene (HY-N7064). Iminostilbene is a chemical precursor of carbamazepine. Additionally, Iminostilbene is an orally active inhibitor of PKM2 (Pyruvate Kinase M2) and COX2 (Cyclooxygenase-2). Iminostilbene exerts its effects by inhibiting PKM2 and its interaction with HIF-1α and STAT3, reducing COX2 and iNOS expression, and decreasing LPS-induced release of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1, thereby suppressing macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses and improving myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. Iminostilbene holds promise for research in inflammation regulation, cardiovascular diseases (such as MI/R injury), and macrophage-mediated immune-related diseases.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   COX   HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase   Pyruvate Kinase   TNF Receptor   Interleukin Related   STAT   NO Synthase  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-W016773S 1,10-Decanediol-d20
1,10-Decanediol-d20 is the deuterium labeled 1,10-Decanediol. 1,10-Decanediol is a diol compound that can react with α-ketoglutarate (aKG) to generate polymeric microparticles (termed paKG MPs) for the sustained release of aKG, thereby promoting immunosuppressive regulation. Additionally, paKG MPs can bind to dendritic cells (DCs), reducing their glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration in vitro. These metabolic changes lead to the modulation of MHC-II and CD86 expression in DCs and alter the frequency of regulatory T cells (Tregs) as well as T-helper type 1/2/17 cells in vitro. 1,10-Decanediol can be used in research within the field of immunometabolism. can be used as a surfactant/stabilizer in the synthesis of nanomaterials.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds  
/
HY-P992338 CT-1119
CT-1119 is an autologous human anti-Mesothelin chimeric antigen receptor macrophage (CAR-M). CT-1119 mediates CAR-dependent, antigen-dependent functional activities. CT-1119 acts as a phagocytosis inducer, tumor cell killer, pro-inflammatory cytokine inducer, and M1 macrophage polarizer. CT-1119 exhibits stronger resistance to M2 repolarization and reduces tumor burden in a mouse lung cancer xenograft model. CT-1119 can be used for the research of mesothelin-expressing solid tumors.

Species: Human

Mesothelin   Constitutive Androstane Receptor  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Lung Cancer  
/
HY-P5254 Hexapeptide-3
Hexapeptide-3isa bioactive peptide with repair skin effect and has been reported used as a cosmetic ingredient.
Others  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-W724397 3-Phenoxybenzoic acid-d9
3-Phenoxybenzoic acid-d9 (3-PBA-d9) is the deuterium labeled 3-Phenoxybenzoic acid (HY-W014225). 3-Phenoxybenzoic acid is the metabolite of pyrethroid insecticides. 3-Phenoxybenzoic acid induces immunotoxicity and oxidative stress, and inhibits the phagocytic ability of macrophages.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Drug Metabolite   Apoptosis  
/
HY-P991927 ZL-1201
ZL-1201 is a recombinant humanized monoclonal anti-CD47 IgG4 antibody. ZL-1201 disrupt the CD47-SIRPα interaction. ZL-1201 modulates the tumor microenvironment. ZL-1201 promotes tumor-associated macrophage phagocytic activity. ZL-1201 substantially enhances phagocytosis by M2 macrophages, but not by M1 macrophages. ZL-1201 in combination with both mAb and chemotherapy achieves the maximal antitumor effects in a variety of solid tumor models. ZL-1201 can be used in the study of lymphoma, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and gastric cancer.

Species: Human

CD47  
Breast Cancer   Gastric Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Ovarian Cancer  
/
HY-N2053 Physalin L
Physalin L inhibits LPS-induced NO production in macrophages with the average inhibitory rate of 70.97%. Anti-inflammatory activity.
NO Synthase   Endogenous Metabolite  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-D3185 AlDeSense AM
AlDeSense AM is a cell-permeable ALDH1A1-selective fluorescent reporter. AlDeSense AM is oxidized by ALDH1A1, which eliminates photoinduced electron transfer quenching and enhances the fluorescent signal. AlDeSense AM can be used to detect cells with cancer stem cell properties, as well as to monitor the plasticity of cancer stem cells in cell culture systems and animal models. AlDeSense AM is applicable to the study of cancers associated with cancer stem cells, including chronic myeloid leukemia, melanoma, and breast cancer.
Fluorescent Dye   Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH)  
Breast Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Melanoma  
/
HY-P2792 Beauveriolide III
Beauveriolide III is an inhibitor of lipid droplet formation in mouse macrophages.

Source: Beauveria

Amyloid-β  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-D2925 dTCOBG
dTCOBG (dTCO-SNAP) is a SNAP-tag reactive benzylguanine (BG) analogue specifically designed for the specific labeling of immune cells. dTCOBG forms a stable thioether bond through the cysteine at the active site of SNAP-tag and O6-benzylguanine, resulting in a covalent linkage. dTCOBG demonstrates unique advantages in the labeling of macrophages derived from ER-HoxB8: it only labels SNAP-tag + macrophages, with no background signal in the control group. dTCOBG can be used for click chemistry labeling.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-170231 Bovine Osteopontin
Bovine Osteopontin (OPN) is a secreted highly acidic calcium-binding phosphorylated glycoprotein that is chemotactic for macrophages, smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and glial cells.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-P10586 Macrophage-activating lipopeptide 2
Macrophage-activating lipopeptide 2 (MALP-2) is an agonist of Toll like receptors TLR-2/TLR-6. Macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 can enhance endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation and endothelial cell release of NO, thereby improving vasodilation. Macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 can enhance endothelial adhesion of white blood cells and improve perfusion recovery and collateral growth in the hind limbs of hypercholesterolemic Apoe deficient mice undergoing experimental femoral artery ligation (FAL).
Toll-like Receptor (TLR)   NO Synthase  
Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease  
/
HY-159669 Stercobilin hydrochloride (mixture of isomers)
Stercobilin hydrochloride (amixture of isomers) is a bile pigment metabolized by gut bacteria, and it's also an HIV protease inhibitor, with a Ki of 4 μM. Stercobilin hydrochloride (a mixture of isomers) can induce pro-inflammatory activity in mouse macrophage RAW264 cells, including the production of TNF-α and IL-1β. Stercobilin hydrochloride (a mixture of isomers) can be used in studies of inflammation and viral infections.
HIV Protease  
Infection   Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-P11616 WK2
WK2 is an antibacterial agent. WK2 reduces serum TNF-α production induced by Bacterial infection. WK2 reduces wound size and promotes tissue repair in a skin wound infection model. WK2 exerts anti-inflammatory effects in a pneumonia model. WK2 can be used for research on infectious diseases such as pneumonia caused by bacterial infection.
Bacterial   TNF Receptor  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae Infection  
/
HY-142140S 3-epi-25-Hydroxy Vitamin D3-d6
3-epi-25-Hydroxy Vitamin D3-d6 is the deuterium labeled 3-epi-25-Hydroxy Vitamin D3 (HY-142140). 3-epi-25-Hydroxy Vitamin D3 is the vitamin D metabolite, while vitamin D metabolism highly dependent on macrophage polarization. The C3-epimerase pathway for vitamin D is active in macrophages.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds  
/
HY-P992000 F8-IL-4
F8-IL-4 is an immune cytokine targeting IL-4. F8-IL-4 specifically delivers IL-4 to inflammatory sites via binding to targets expressed on neovascular vessels. F8-IL-4 alleviates collagen-induced arthritis in mice by regulating T cell subsets and macrophage polarization. When combined with Dexamethasone (HY-14648), F8-IL-4 produces a synergistic and long-lasting therapeutic effect, and prevents arthritis recurrence after drug withdrawal by maintaining anti-inflammatory cell phenotypes and cytokine profiles. F8-IL-4 can be used in the research of collagen-induced arthritis.

Species: Human

Interleukin Related  
Autoimmune Disease  
/
HY-W142432S Perfluoroundecanoic acid-13C7
Perfluoroundecanoic acid-13C7 is the 13C-labeled Perfluoroundecanoic acid (HY-W142432). Perfluoroundecanoic acid is a perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS). Perfluoroundecanoic acid is an orally active oxidative stress inducer. Perfluoroundecanoic acid promotes macrophage M2 polarization, activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling and enhances β-catenin nuclear accumulation. Perfluoroundecanoic acid -induced M2 phenotype macrophage accelerates tumor progression in vitro and in vivo. Perfluoroundecanoic acid induces DNA damage, reproductive and pathophysiological dysfunctions via oxidative stress in male Swiss mice. Perfluoroundecanoic acid inhibits Leydig cell development in pubertal male rats via inducing oxidative stress and autophagy. Perfluoroundecanoic acid accelerates insulitis development in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. Perfluoroundecanoic acid can be used for the study of ovarian cancer, type 1 diabetes and inflammation.
Autophagy   Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Arginase   Akt   p62   Wnt   mTOR   Atg8/LC3   β-catenin   TGF-beta/Smad   ERK  
/
HY-D3197 CDg16
CDg16 is a selective fluorescent dye targeting SLC18B1 (λabs/λem=458/544 nm) that is actively transported into lysosomal vesicles of activated macrophages independent of the endocytic pathway. CDg16 enables highly specific vesicle localization in live cells. CDg16 exhibits no cytotoxicity and accurately distinguishes activated M1 and M2 subsets from different origins. CDg16 shows low background staining in non-activated cells and normal organs, making it suitable for time-lapse imaging. In preclinical animal models of inflammatory sites, atherosclerotic plaques and liver inflammation, CDg16 allows visualization of activated macrophages. CDg16 can be used to study inflammation-related diseases and atherosclerosis.
Fluorescent Dye  
Atherosclerosis and Inflammation  
/
HY-P992064 Anti-Mouse IL-4 Antibody (11B.11)
Anti-Mouse IL-4 Antibody (11B.11) is an inhibitor of mouse interleukin-4. Anti-Mouse IL-4 Antibody (11B.11) blocks the chemotactic activity of mouse IL-4 on mouse peritoneal macrophages.

Species: Mouse

Interleukin Related  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-P11650 HE4-1 leech peptide
HE4-1 leech peptide is a p38 MAPK inhibitor with an additional c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitory role. HE4-1 leech peptide suppresses macrophage migration, and does not significantly affect macrophage immunological activities including phagocytic ability, lysozyme activity, and expression levels of most inflammatory factors. HE4-1 leech peptide can be used for the research of atherosclerosis.
p38 MAPK   JNK  
Atherosclerosis  
/
HY-143712S1 Allolithocholic Acid-d4
Allolithocholic Acid-d4 (3α-hydoxy-5α-Cholaoic Acid-d4, allo-LCA-d4) is deuterium labeled Allolithocholic acid (HY-143712). Allolithocholic acid is an orally active metabolite of Lithocholic acid (HY-B0172). Allolithocholic acid is a dual GPBAR1 agonist (EC50 = 2.7 μM) and RORγt inverse agonist (IC50 = 3.4 μM). Allolithocholic acid modulates immune and metabolic pathways, regulates immune cell polarization, prevents M1 macrophage and Th17 CD4 cell polarization. Allolithocholic acid improves insulin sensitivity, reduces liver lipid accumulation, reverses liver immunological, inflammatory and metabolic signaling dysregulation, restores bile acid homeostasis, adipose tissue histopathology/function, and intestinal microbiota composition, modulates intestinal immunity. Allolithocholic acid can be used for the researches of cancer, inflammayion, immunology and metabolic disease.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Drug Metabolite   G protein-coupled Bile Acid Receptor 1   ROR  
Cancer   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-P3340 Leptin (116-130)
Leptin (116-130) is a bioactive leptin fragment. Leptin (116-130) promotes AMPA receptor trafficking to synapses and facilitate activity-dependent hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Leptin (116-130) prevents hippocampal synaptic disruption and neuronal cell death in models of amyloid toxicity. Leptin (116-130) has the potential for the research of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
iGluR  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease  
/
HY-D3410 CDr17
CDr17 is a GLUT1 substrate and selective fluorescent dye staining M1 microphages. CDr17 utilizes the Gating-Oriented Live-cell Distinction (GOLD) mechanism to enter M1 macrophages (Ex/Em = 646/662 nm).
Fluorescent Dye   GLUT  
/
HY-P10947 MACTIDE-V
MACTIDE-V is an orally active and selective peptide-drug conjugate targeting CD206. MACTIDE-V delivers Verteporfin (HY-B0146) to CD206+ tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) to inhibit the YAP/TAZ signaling pathway, prompting YAP exclusion from the nucleus, inducing TAM polarization toward an anti-tumoral phenotype with enhanced phagocytosis and antigen presentation, and boosting T cell infiltration and NK cell activity. MACTIDE-V suppresses primary tumor growth and lung metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) mouse models.
Epigenetic Reader Domain   YAP  
/
HY-W777281 Fluocinolone acetonide-13C3
Fluocinolone acetonide-13C3 is the 13C-labeled Fluocinolone (Acetonide) (HY-B0415). Fluocinolone is a glucocorticoid glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Fluocinolone is effective in preventing both lipid accumulation and inflammation. Fluocinolone can promote the proliferation of DPCs and has the potential role in repairing injured pulp tissues. Fluocinolone can be used to study the prevention of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy caused by Paclitaxel (HY-B0015).
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Wnt   Glucocorticoid Receptor  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-P991367 ES004
ES004 is a human monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting SIRPα/CD172a. ES004 enhances macrophage phagocytosis and induces potent T cell responses to promote tumor killing. ES004 can be used in Solid tumours research.

Species: Human

CD47  
Cancer  
/
HY-P10707A Tpp-CAQK TFA
Tpp-CAQK TAF can bind to mitochondria, enabling the construction of an engineered mitochondrial compound, Mito-Tpp-CAQK TFA, with excellent bioactivity. Mito-Tpp-CAQK TFA can be internalized by macrophages, thereby enhancing the phagocytosis of myelin debris, alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction, and reducing proinflammatory profiles, ultimately facilitating tissue repair and functional recovery in mice after spinal cord injury.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-N8759 Vogeloside
Vogeloside is an iridoid that can be isolated from the roots of Triosteum pinnatifidum. Vogeloside inhibits nitric oxide production in LPS-activated macrophages.
Others  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-P991133 Efranarelaxin alfa
Efranarelaxin alfa is a relaxin receptor agonist. Efranarelaxin alfa is promising for research of cardiovascular diseases and tissue repair.
RXFP Receptor  
Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease  
/
HY-P10707 Tpp-CAQK
Tpp-CAQK can bind to mitochondria, enabling the construction of an engineered mitochondrial compound, Mito-Tpp-CAQK, with excellent bioactivity. Mito-Tpp-CAQK can be internalized by macrophages, thereby enhancing the phagocytosis of myelin debris, alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction, and reducing proinflammatory profiles, ultimately facilitating tissue repair and functional recovery in mice after spinal cord injury.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-184832 P021
P021 (Peptide 021) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier penetrant neurotrophic/neurogenic pentapeptide derived from the most active region of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF). P021 competitively inhibits leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and promotes BDNF transcription. P021 targets neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. P021 prevents neurodegeneration, Amyloid-β pathology, tau protein pathology and cognitive deficits, rescues episodic memory impairment and reduces mortality in 3xTg-AD mice. P021 is applicable to the research of Alzheimer's disease.
Amyloid-β   Tau Protein  
Alzheimer's Disease  
/
HY-P3529 G-{d-Arg}-GDSPASSK
G-{d-Arg}-GDSPASSK is a polypeptide that prevents cell adhesion, is used for wound healing, and allows tissue repair.
Others  
/
HY-D3190 BODIPY−DOX
BODIPY-DOX is a conjugate composed of BODIPY and Doxorubicin (HY-15142A), as well as a pH-activated fluorescent probe for M1 macrophages and an apoptosis inducer. BODIPY-DOX undergoes pH-induced hydrazone bond cleavage in acidic M1 macrophage phagosomes, thereby releasing cytotoxic Doxorubicin (Dox) and inhibiting the function of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages. BODIPY-DOX highly selectively inhibits the production of relevant pro-inflammatory cytokines by mouse and human monocyte-derived M1 macrophages, while exerting minimal effects on M2 or unactivated macrophages. Therefore, BODIPY-DOX enables simultaneous fluorescent tracing, differentiation and elimination of specific macrophage subsets, and exhibits the potential to regulate tissue regeneration in zebrafish models.
Fluorescent Dye   Apoptosis  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-158741 IPG-2 AM
IPG-2 AM (APG-2 Acetoxymethyl ester) is a membrane-permeant acetoxymethyl ester derivative and selective fluorescent potassium ion indicator. IPG-2 AM exhibits fluorescence increases proportional to extracellular potassium ion concentrations. IPG-2 AM enables real-time monitoring of cytosolic free potassium ion fluxes in human platelets and macrophages. IPG-2 AM can be used for the research of intracellular potassium concentration dynamics.
Fluorescent Dye   Potassium Channel  
/
HY-N12283 NF-κB-IN-13
NF-κB-IN-13 (compound 12) can significantly inhibit LPS-induced NF-κB activation and NO production in RAW264.7 macrophages. NF-κB-IN-13 has anti-inflammatory effects.
NF-κB  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-N15411 Helminthosporol
Helminthosporol is a natural plant growth-regulator that can promote the growth of rice and lettuce seedlings. Helminthosporol can also inhibit the activity of acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) in rat liver microsomes and the synthesis of cholesterol esters in macrophages.
Acyltransferase   Phytohormone  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-N1330 Rubranol
Rubranol is an inhibitor of NO Synthase. Rubranol inhibits LPS-induced NO production in activated macrophages with 74% inhibition.
NO Synthase  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-P992073 OpSCF
OpSCF (INS1148) is an antibody that specifically binds and inactivates inflammatory stem cell factor (SCF), blocks the positive feedback cycle of chronic inflammation, and aids tissue repair. OpSCF can be used for research related to asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, and interstitial lung disease.

Species: Human

Others  
Asthma  
/
HY-W014225S 3-Phenoxybenzoic acid-13C6
3-Phenoxybenzoic acid-13C6 is the 13C6 labeled 3-Phenoxybenzoic acid. 3-Phenoxybenzoic acid is the metabolite of pyrethroid insecticides. 3-Phenoxybenzoic acid induces immunotoxicity and oxidative stress, and inhibits the phagocytic ability of macrophages.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Apoptosis   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Drug Metabolite  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-P2841 Elastin from pig
Elastin from pig (Elastin) is a key matrix protein that imparts elasticity to organs and tissues. Elastin from pig is a stable, insoluble protein, and utilized in biomaterial for human tissue repairment.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-NP070 Lotus tetragonolobus lectin
Lotus tetragonolobus lectin (LTL) is a plant lectin that specifically recognizes and binds to α-L-fucopyranosyl residues, a sugar structure serving as the key terminal glycosyl group of human blood type O antigen (H antigen). Lotus tetragonolobus lectin exerts macrophage migration inhibitory activity in monomeric form. Lotus tetragonolobus lectin labels and identifies renal proximal tubular epithelial cells to evaluate histopathological changes of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury. Lotus tetragonolobus lectin is applicable to studies in glycobiology, immunology and renal pathology.
/
HY-123115 Leucrose
Leucrose (5-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-fructose) is an orally active Sucrose (HY-B1779) isomer naturally found in pollen and honey. Leucrose promotes phosphorylation of JAK1 and STAT6, reduces pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokinesas (TNFα, and IL-1β), increases M2 macrophage polarization and suppresses DSS (HY-116282C)-induced colitis. Leucrose suppresses hepatic triglyceride accumulation, improves fasting blood glucose levels, and regulates hepatic lipogenesis and fatty acid β-oxidation in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Leucrose is slowly hydrolyzed into glucose and fructose by α-glucosidase and acts as as a sugar substitute in diet.
JAK   STAT   TNF Receptor   Interleukin Related  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-P2263A KLD-12 TFA
KLD-12 TFA is the TFA salt form of KLD-12 (HY-P2263). KLD-12 TFA is a self a 12-residue self-assembling peptide that is used in tissue-engineering. KLD-12 TFA combined with SDF-1 self-assembled polypeptide enhances chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). KLD-12 TFA hydrogel can fill full-thickness osteochondral defects in situ and improve cartilage repair.
Others  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-100573S Necrosulfonamide-d4
Necrosulfonamide-d4 is the deuterium labeled Necrosulfonamide (HY-100573). Necrosulfonamide is a MLKL and Gasdermin D (GSDMD) inhibitor, capable of separately inhibiting necroptosis and pyroptosis of cells. Necrosulfonamide does not affect the activation of upstream signals, but specifically inhibits the downstream executor oligomerization step. Necrosulfonamide reduces the expression of the key kinases NLRP3 and caspase-1 involved in necroptosis and pyroptosis, activate the Nrf2 pathway and the downstream antioxidant enzymes, and also downregulates a variety of inflammatory factors. Necrosulfonamide plays significant roles in various diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases (such as Parkinson’s disease), tissue damage and ischemia-reperfusion injury, inflammatory bowel disease, osteoarthritis and fracture repair, and hair loss by regulating two important programmed necrosis pathways.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Mixed Lineage Kinase   Necroptosis   Pyroptosis   Caspase   NOD-like Receptor (NLR)   Keap1-Nrf2   TNF Receptor   Integrin   NO Synthase   Heme Oxygenase (HO)  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-P6292 KS-133
KS-133 is a bicyclic peptide with VIPR2 antagonistic activity that can cross the blood-brain barrier. KS-133 selectively blocks VIPR2-mediated Gq/Ca, Gs/cAMP, cAMP/PKA/ERK and PI3K/AKT/GSK3β signaling pathways. KS-133 inhibits VIPR2 agonist-induced CREB phosphorylation in the prefrontal cortex of mice. KS-133 shifts the polarization direction of macrophages toward M1. KS-133 attenuates cancer cell proliferation and reduces the cell cycle distribution level at the S-M phase. KS-133 exerts antitumor effects in a mouse model of colorectal cancer. KS-133 reverses cognitive decline in mouse models of psychiatric disorders. KS-133 can be used for research related to schizophrenia, colorectal cancer and breast cancer.
PACAP Receptor   PKA   ERK   PI3K   Akt   GSK-3  
Breast Cancer   Colorectal Cancer   Neurodegenerative Disease   Schizophrenia  
/
HY-N8693 Withanoside IV
Withanoside IV is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable withanolide derivative. Withanoside IV specifically binds to the Sudlow I site of HSA, induces secondary structural changes in HSA, and forms stable HSA complexes. Withanoside IV inhibits the enzymatic activity of COX-2. Withanoside IV induces axonal regeneration, peripheral nervous system myelination and increased axonal density in spinal cord tissue, reduces reactive gliosis-related changes, and improves hindlimb motor function. Withanoside IV binds to amyloid-β 1-42 to inhibit its aggregation, induces neurite outgrowth and synapse reconstruction, repairs damaged axons and dendrites, enhances mitochondrial biogenesis, exerts neuroprotective effects via the BDNF and SIRT1 signaling pathways, reduces ROS production and neuronal apoptosis, and ameliorates memory deficits. Withanoside IV inhibits the activity of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease. Withanoside IV can be used in research related to spinal cord injury, Alzheimer's disease, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
COX   Amyloid-β   Sirtuin   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Apoptosis   SARS-CoV  
SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Alzheimer's Disease  
/
HY-P99704 Licaminlimab
Licaminlimab (OCS-02) is a single-chain anti-TNF alpha antibody fragment. TNF alpha is an inflammatory cytokine produced by macrophages and monocytes during inflammation.

Species: Human

TNF Receptor  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-D2769 Oregon green 488 azide
Oregon green 488 azide (Difluorocarboxyfluorescein azide, 6-isomer) is a bright green fluorescent azide-activated probe that reacts with terminal alkynes via copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). Oregon green 488 azide can label goat anti-mouse IgG and exhibits excellent luminescence efficiency. Oregon green 488 azide, as a streptavidin conjugate, is used for flow cytometry staining of macrophages.
Fluorescent Dye  
/
HY-P10449 M2 Peptide
M2 Peptide is a peptide targeting M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). M2 Peptide is used to carry drugs or small interfering RNA (siRNA) to promote the repolarization of M2-like macrophages to M1-like macrophages, thereby altering the immunosuppressive state in the tumor microenvironment and enhancing the anti-tumor immune response. M2 Peptide can be used to study the effect of macrophage polarization and how this polarization change affects tumor growth and metastasis.
Others  
Cancer   Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-P5225 Acetyl hexapeptide-38
Acetyl hexapeptide-38 is a tissue repair promoter that targets fibroblasts in the dermis of the skin. It works by promoting collagen synthesis in the dermis and thickening of subcutaneous fat. Acetyl hexapeptide-38 can activate the skin repair mechanism, increase the collagen content in the dermis, improve the skin tissue structure, and has the activity of promoting local tissue repair. Acetyl hexapeptide-38 can be used in the field of cosmetic medicine to repair congenital soft tissue defects, reduce tear grooves and nasolabial folds, eliminate postoperative scars, and conduct micro-plastic surgery of skin tissue.
PGC-1α  
Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation  
/
HY-P11107 RP-832c
RP-832c is a synthetic analogue of host defense peptides (HDP), targeting the mannose receptor CD206 on the surface of M2 polarized macrophages (Kd = 3.5 μM). RP-832c binding to CD206 induces a significant conformational change in the receptor, activating signaling pathways that lead to rapid apoptosis and repolarization of CD206-positive M2 macrophages to an M1 phenotype. RP-832c treatment significantly reduces CD206 gene expression in M2 macrophages while transiently increasing expression of TNF-α, a marker for M1 macrophages. RP-832c is used for the studies of T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).
Apoptosis   TNF Receptor  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-P991181 VTX-1218
VTX-1218 is a VSIG4 inhibitor with human Kd 7.4 nM. VTX-1218 blocks VSIG4 activity, relieves VSIG4-mediated macrophage suppression, repolarizes tumor-associated macrophages and induces T cell activation. VTX-1218 upregulates cytokines and chemokines linked to immune cell recruitment. VTX-1218 can be used for the research of multiple cancer types.

Species: Human

Transmembrane Glycoprotein  
Cancer  
/
HY-118383 Agathisflavone
Agathisflavone is a flavonoid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antiparasitic, cytotoxic, neuroprotective, and hepatoprotective activities. Agathisflavone can improve tissue repair in a spinal cord injury model in rats.
Parasite  
Cancer   Infection   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-B1391R D-Panthenol (Standard)
D-Panthenol (Standard) is the analytical standard of D-Panthenol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. D-Panthenol is the biologically-active alcohol of pantothenic acid, which leads to an elevation in the amount of coenzyme A in the cell. D-panthenol exhibits nephroprotective effect in AKI, promotes tissue repair and regeneration.
Reference Standards   Endogenous Metabolite  
Cancer   Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-125527S Resolvin D1-d5
Resolvin D1-d5 is the deuterium labeled Resolvin D1. Resolvin D1 (RvD1), an endogenous pro-resolving mediator of inflammation, is derived from omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid during the resolution phase of acute inflammation. Resolvin D1 blocks proinflammatory neutrophil migration by regulating actin polymerization, reduces TNF-α-mediated inflammation in macrophages, and enhances phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by macrophages.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Endogenous Metabolite  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-P10420 RS17
RS17 is an anti-tumor peptide designed to bind specifically to the CD47 molecule and block the interaction between CD47 and its ligand, SIRPα, on the surface membrane of macrophages. The main regulatory mechanism of RS17 is to prevent CD47 from transmitting selective phagocytosis signals to SIRPα by binding to CD47, so that macrophages do not recognize tumor cells as their own tissue, but phagocytose them as foreign substances, thereby inhibiting immune escape of tumor cells. RS17 can be used to study the mechanism of anti-tumor response and immune escape.
CD47   Interleukin Related  
Cancer  
/
HY-P2263 KLD-12
KLD-12 is a 12-residue self-assembling peptide that is used in tissue-engineering. KLD-12 combined with SDF-1 self-assembled polypeptide enhances chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). KLD-12 hydrogel can fill full-thickness osteochondral defects in situ and improve cartilage repair.
Others  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-B2218D Magnesium hydroxide, 99%(KT)
Magnesium hydroxide (Magnesium dihydroxide), 99%(KT) is an orally effective antacid. Magnesium hydroxide, 99%(KT) can form a local strongly alkaline microenvironment, reduce ATP production by consuming H+, and hydrolyze cellular phospholipids to disrupt the cellular integrity of microorganisms, thus exhibiting antibacterial activity. Magnesium hydroxide, 99%(KT) downregulates the generation of inflammatory macrophages to alleviate inflammatory responses. Magnesium hydroxide, 99%(KT) can be used in research related to acid peptic diseases and chronic wound infections.
Environmental Pollutants   Bacterial  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Bacterial Infection   Abnormal Gastric Acid Secretion  
/
HY-P990061 Polzastobart
Polzastobart (JTX-8064) is a humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody and LILRB2 (ILT4) antagonist. Polzastobart specifically binds to and antagonizes LILRB2, relieves ILT4-mediated myeloid immunosuppression, and promotes the polarization of macrophages from an M2-like phenotype to an M1-like phenotype. Polzastobart induces macrophage polarization, IFNγ signaling, and T cell inflammation-related pharmacodynamic responses in ex vivo human renal cancer, lung cancer, and head and neck cancer tissues. Polzastobart can be used in studies related to tumor-associated macrophages and tumor immunity. For the isotype control of Polzastobart, refer to: Human IgG4 (S228P) kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99003).

Species: Human

Transmembrane Glycoprotein   LILRB  
Cancer   Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
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HY-P991316 KD014
KD014 (DX-2400) is a human monoclonal antibody that selectively targets MMP‑14. KD014 inhibits collagen degradation and regulates the polarization of macrophages toward an anti-inflammatory/anti-tumor phenotype. KD014 alleviates joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis and suppresses tumor growth and invasion. KD014 can be used in studies related to breast cancer and rheumatoid arthritis.

Species: Human

MMP   NO Synthase  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Breast Cancer  
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HY-100808S D-Serine-d3
D-Serine-d3 ((R)-Serine-d3) is a deuterium labeled D-Serine (HY-100808). D-Serine ((R)-Serine), an endogenous amino acid involved in glia-synapse interactions that has unique neurotransmitter characteristics, is a potent co-agonist at the NMDA glutamate receptor. D-Serinee has a cardinal modulatory role in major NMDAR-dependent processes including NMDAR-mediated neurotransmission, neurotoxicity, synaptic plasticity, and cell migration.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   iGluR   Endogenous Metabolite  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease  
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HY-P99917 Eflepedocokin alfa
Eflepedocokin alfa is a recombinant fusion protein. Eflepedocokin alfa consists of human IL-22 fused to human IgG2-Fc domain. Eflepedocokin alfa leads to the activation of IL-22/IL-22R-mediated signal transduction pathways as well as STAT3. Eflepedocokin alfa plays a role in immune response and bacterial infection, enhancing intestinal barrier function, intestinal immunity, and tissue repair.

Species: Human

STAT  
Infection   Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
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HY-P990651 PY314
PY314 is a humanized antibody targeting TREM2. PY314 binds TREM2 on tumor-associated macrophages, depletes TREM2-high tumor-associated macrophages, reduces pro-tumorigenic M2 macrophage infiltration, increases CD8+ T cell, NK cell, and M1 macrophage infiltration, creates a proinflammatory tumor microenvironment, and promotes antitumor immune responseS. PY314 can be used for the research of platinum-resistant ovarian cancer, advanced solid tumors, breast cancer, and advanced refractory solid tumors.

Species: Human

TREM receptor  
Ovarian Cancer   Lung Adenocarcinoma   Triple-Negative Breast Cancer  
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HY-N2126 Parishin E
Parishin E is a modulator of hexokinase 2, lactate dehydrogenase A, and silent information regulator 6 (sirtuin 6), and is also a component present in Gastrodia elata Blume. Parishin E reduces the expression of hexokinase 2 and lactate dehydrogenase A, thereby regulating the process of cellular glycolysis. Parishin E regulates the deacetylation mediated by silent information regulator 6 (Sirtuin 6), and inhibits histone 3 lactylation modifications at the H3K18la and H3K27la sites. Parishin E inhibits macrophage polarization. Parishin E alleviates LPS-induced inflammatory responses and suppresses the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Parishin E exerts ameliorating effects on rheumatoid arthritis. Parishin E can be used in studies related to rheumatoid arthritis.
Hexokinase   Lactate Dehydrogenase   Sirtuin  
Rheumatoid Arthritis  
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HY-N6066 Praeruptorin E
Praeruptorin E is an orally active pyranocoumarin compound. Praeruptorin E can be isolated from the dried roots of Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn. Praeruptorin E reduces the expression of NF-κB. Praeruptorin E upregulates the expression of PXR and CYP3A4. Praeruptorin E inhibits Th2 cytokines, TNF-α, IL6, MPO, and blocks the Ca2+ slow channel. Praeruptorin E promotes pulmonary tissue repair and relaxes porcine coronary artery strips. Praeruptorin E protects mice from lipopolysaccharide- and hydrochloric acid-induced acute lung injury. Praeruptorin E can be used in studies related to asthma and acute lung injury.
Calcium Channel   NF-κB   Pregnane X Receptor (PXR)   Cytochrome P450   Interleukin Related  
Cardiovascular Disease   Acute Lung Injury  
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HY-P99273 Vorsetuzumab
Vorsetuzumab (Anti-Human CD70 Recombinant Antibody) is a human anti-CD70 antibody. Vorsetuzumab enhances macrophage-related phagocytosis of renal carcinoma cells, shows inhibitory efficacy against Burkitt’s lymphoma.

Species: Human

TNF Receptor  
Cancer  
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HY-Y0520S Itaconic acid-13C5
Itaconic acid-13C5 is the 13C labeled Itaconic acid. Itaconic acid, a precursor of polymers, chemicals, and fuels, can be synthesized by many fungi. Itaconic acid also is a macrophage-specific metabolite. Itaconic acid mediates crosstalk between macrophage metabolism and peritoneal tumors.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
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HY-113870 6-NBDG
6-NBDG is a fluorescent glucose analogue, it can be used for fluorescence imaging and monitoring glucose transport and uptake. 6-NBDG can be used as a fluorescent probe for detecting macrophage-rich atherosclerotic plaques.
Fluorescent Dye  
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HY-P10586A Macrophage-activating lipopeptide 2 TFA
Macrophage-activating lipopeptide 2 TFA is an agonist of Toll like receptors TLR-2/TLR-6. Macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 enhances endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation and endothelial cell release of NO, thereby improving vasodilation. Macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 enhances endothelial adhesion of white blood cells and improve perfusion recovery and collateral growth in the hind limbs of hypercholesterolemic Apoe deficient mice undergoing experimental femoral artery ligation (FAL).
Toll-like Receptor (TLR)   NO Synthase  
Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
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HY-13740G Resiquimod (GMP)
Resiquimod (R848) (GMP) is Resiquimod (HY-13740) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules work appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. Resiquimod is a Toll-like receptor 7 and 8 (TLR7/TLR8) agonist. Resiquimod (GMP) can induce human mMDSC to mature into inflammatory macrophages.
Toll-like Receptor (TLR)  
Cancer   Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
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HY-159069 Zymosan (ZM), 95%
Zymosan (ZM), 95% is a yeast cell wall-derived carbohydrate-rich preparation and immunomodulator. Zymosan (ZM), 95% binds to and activates TLR-2, TLR-4, and Dectin-1 receptor to trigger downstream signaling pathways. Zymosan (ZM), 95% upregulates TLR-2, TLR-4, and TNF-α mRNA expression, increases serum TNF-α levels, and stimulates splenocyte number and viability in mice. Zymosan (ZM), 95% attenuates melanoma growth progression, modulates macrophage marker gene expression, and mediates phagocytosis, ROS generation, and cytokine production. Zymosan (ZM), 95% reduces Connexin 43 protein and mRNA levels, inhibits gap junctional intercellular communication, and induces proinflammatory factor production in human corneal cells. Zymosan (ZM), 95% induces peritoneal inflammation in mice, functions as a drug carrier, and supports fibroblast cell attachment in hydrogel formulations. Zymosan (ZM), 95% can be used for the research of melanoma, tumors, fungal keratitis, ocular surface inflammatory disorders, and peritoneal inflammation.
C-type Lectin-like Receptors (CTLRs)   Toll-like Receptor (TLR)   TNF Receptor   Connexin  
Cancer   Fungal Infection  
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HY-P5558 KLTWQELYQLKYKGI
KLTWQELYQLKYKGI is a VEGF mimetic peptide designed based on the VEGF helix sequence 17-25, with the ability to activate VEGF receptors and exert pro-angiogenic biological activity. KLTWQELYQLKYKGI effectively promotes the attachment, spreading and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. KLTWQELYQLKYKGI enhances the proliferation, migration and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). KLTWQELYQLKYKGI synergistically accelerates angiogenesis and bone regeneration in rat cranial defect models. KLTWQELYQLKYKGI can be used for the research of brain tissue engineering and traumatic brain injury repair and biomaterials for bone tissue engineering and bone repair.
VEGFR  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease  
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HY-128525 Enterobactin
Enterobactin is a siderophore produced by Gram-negative bacteria and has an extremely high affinity for iron. During the process of Salmonella typhimurium infecting macrophages, Enterobactin can not only help bacteria uptake iron but also reduce the antibacterial activity of macrophages. In addition, Enterobactin is also involved in the oxidative stress response of Escherichia coli. Enterobactin can be hydrolyzed by Fes in the cell and exert antioxidant effects by scavenging free radicals.

Source: Salmonella typhimurium

Bacterial   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Bacterial Infection   Parkinson's Disease  
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HY-P74744 MMP-12 Protein, Human
MMP-12 protein is potentially engaged in tissue injury and remodeling, displaying significant elastolytic activity. It shows flexibility at the P1' site, accommodating both large and small amino acids, yet favoring leucine. At the P1 site, it prefers aromatic or hydrophobic residues, with a tendency for small hydrophobic residues like alanine in the P3 position. MMP-12 Protein, Human is the recombinant human-derived MMP-12 protein, expressed by E. coli , with tag free.

Species: Human; Source: E. coli

Enzymes & Regulators Matrix Metalloproteinases MMP-12

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HY-P79256 GM-CSF Protein, Pig
The GM-CSF protein acts as a potent cytokine that coordinates the growth and differentiation of hematopoietic precursor cells of different lineages, including granulocytes, macrophages, eosinophils, and erythrocytes. Structurally, GM-CSF exists as a monomer and its signaling is mediated through a dodecamer complex. GM-CSF Protein, Pig is the recombinant Porcine-derived GM-CSF protein, expressed by E. coli , with tag free.

Species: Porcine; Source: E. coli

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HY-P79087 GM-CSF Protein, Canine
The CSF2 protein is a cytokine that plays a critical role in the regulation of immune responses and hematopoiesis. It stimulates the production and differentiation of white blood cells, including macrophages and granulocytes. GM-CSF Protein, Canine is the recombinant canine-derived GM-CSF protein, expressed by E. coli , with tag free.

Species: Canine; Source: E. coli

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HY-P70855 MARCO Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His)
MARCO Protein, a pattern recognition receptor (PRR), binds Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, exhibiting a crucial role in unopsonized particle binding by alveolar macrophages.Furthermore, it interacts with the secretoglobin SCGB3A2.MARCO Protein forms disulfide-linked homotrimer structures that assemble into larger oligomers, providing an extensive surface area for interactions with substantial ligands.MARCO Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His) is the recombinant mouse-derived MARCO protein, expressed by HEK293 , with N-8*His labeled tag.

Species: Mouse; Source: HEK293

Receptor Proteins

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HY-P78004 MARCO Protein, Human (HEK293, His)
MARCO Protein, a pattern recognition receptor (PRR), binds both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, facilitating unopsonized particle binding by alveolar macrophages. It also interacts with the secretoglobin SCGB3A2. Forming disulfide-linked homotrimer structures, MARCO Protein's trimers assemble into larger oligomers, providing an expansive surface area for interactions with substantial ligands. MARCO Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived MARCO protein, expressed by HEK293 , with N-His labeled tag.

Species: Human; Source: HEK293

Receptor Proteins

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HY-P78583 MARCO Protein, Cynomolgus (HEK293, His)
MARCO Protein exhibits a deficiency in conserved residue(s) essential for feature annotation propagation. MARCO Protein, Cynomolgus (HEK293, His) is the recombinant cynomolgus-derived MARCO protein, expressed by HEK293 , with N-His labeled tag.

Species: Cynomolgus; Source: HEK293

Receptor Proteins

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HY-P80750 M-CSF Antibody (YA301)
M-CSF Antibody (YA301) is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG monoclonal antibody, targeting to M-CSF.

Host: Rabbit; Reactivity: Human

Monoclonal Antibodies Recombinant Antibodies Primary Antibodies

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HY-P80755 MMP12 Antibody (YA288)
MMP12 Antibody (YA288) is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG monoclonal antibody, targeting to MMP12.

Host: Rabbit; Reactivity: Human, Rat, Hamster

Monoclonal Antibodies Recombinant Antibodies Primary Antibodies

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HY-P80755A MMP12 Antibody (YA288)(PBS only)
MMP12 Antibody (YA288) is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG monoclonal antibody, targeting to MMP12.

Host: Rabbit; Reactivity: Human, Rat, Hamster

Monoclonal Antibodies Recombinant Antibodies Primary Antibodies

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HY-P87348 MMP12 Antibody (YA7031)
MMP12 Antibody (YA7031) is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG monoclonal antibody, targeting to MMP12.

Host: Rabbit; Reactivity: Human

Monoclonal Antibodies Recombinant Antibodies Primary Antibodies

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HY-P84974 Macrophage mannose receptor 1 Antibody (YA4666)
Macrophage mannose receptor 1 Antibody (YA4666) is a Mouse-derived and non-conjugated monoclonal antibody, targeting to Macrophage mannose receptor 1.

Host: Mouse; Reactivity: Human

Monoclonal Antibodies Recombinant Antibodies Nanobodies Primary Antibodies

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HY-P81214A Macrophage mannose receptor 1 Antibody (YA3531)(PBS only)
Macrophage mannose receptor 1 Antibody (YA3531) is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG monoclonal antibody, targeting to Macrophage mannose receptor 1.

Host: Rabbit; Reactivity: Human, Rat

Monoclonal Antibodies Recombinant Antibodies Primary Antibodies

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HY-K0611 Modified Van Gieson Staining Kit

MCE Modified Van Gieson Staining Kit employs Celestine Blue and Mayer’s hematoxylin for nuclear staining, providing clearer and more stable nuclear visualization while facilitating longer preservation of stained sections. Ponceau S is used for collagen fiber staining, offering stable coloration and strong resistance to fading. This method enables effective differentiation between collagen fibers and muscle fibers, and can assist in distinguishing collagen fiber–derived tumors from myogenic tumors to a certain extent. It is also suitable for observing tissue or organ injury, repair processes, and the degree of fibrosis.

Cell Biology Cell Analysis Staining Kit

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HY-K3036 IMDM (Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's Medium)

MCE IMDM (Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's Medium) is an enriched formulation modified from DMEM, containing high concentrations of glucose, sodium pyruvate, amino acids, vitamins, HEPES buffer, selenium, and other essential nutrients. It is designed to meet the nutritional requirements for rapid cell proliferation and high-density culture, supporting a variety of cell types, including Jurkat cells, COS-7 cells, and macrophages. The product specifications are based on the 500 mL format, and larger volume packages are provided as multiples of this standard specification.

Cell Biology Cell Culture Basal Cell Culture Media

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Keywords

macrophage plasticity | macrophage polarization | trained immunity | histone lactylation | tissue repair | immunometabolism