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Circadian Rhythms, Gut Microbiota, and Metabolism

Metabolic Diseases Diabetes Chronic Inflammation Sleep Deprivation

Circadian rhythms are endogenous time-keeping programs that synchronize physiology with recurring environmental cues, while the gut microbiota comprises intestinal microorganisms whose composition and function also fluctuate across the day. The modern gut-clock field accelerated when diurnal oscillations in mouse and human intestinal microbiota were shown to depend strongly on feeding rhythms, and when disrupting host clock components or inducing jet lag produced abnormal microbial fluctuations and dysbiosis. Subsequent work established that microbiota structure and function vary with dietary composition and that microbial oscillators can act as non-photic drivers of host circadian rhythms and metabolism. Recent research therefore treats circadian rhythms, gut microbiota, and metabolism as an interconnected system in which temporal organization of microbial communities contributes to metabolic homeostasis and diet-responsive physiology[1][2][3].

Microbial rhythms influence host metabolism through metabolites, immune signaling, transcriptional control, and epigenetic regulation. In mice, short-chain fatty acids generated under different diets directly modulated circadian clock gene expression in hepatocytes, whereas hydrogen sulfide did not show the same effect. A complementary pathway centers on NFIL3: intestinal epithelial Nfil3 transcription oscillates diurnally, and microbiota control its oscillation amplitude through group 3 innate lymphoid cells, STAT3, and the epithelial circadian clock; NFIL3 then regulates a circadian lipid-metabolic program controlling lipid absorption and export. The microbiota also induces intestinal epithelial HDAC3, which is recruited rhythmically to chromatin to coordinate histone acetylation, metabolic gene expression, and nutrient uptake; HDAC3 additionally coactivates ERRα, drives rhythmic Cd36 transcription, and promotes lipid absorption and diet-induced obesity. Microbial biogeography and metabolome oscillations further program host transcriptional, epigenetic, and metabolite rhythms in the intestine and liver[2][4][5][6].

These mechanisms link circadian-microbiota misalignment to disease-oriented research. Reviews integrating experimental evidence associate disruption of the circadian system and intestinal microbiota with perturbed metabolism, energy homeostasis, and inflammatory pathways that contribute to metabolic syndrome, and they extend this framework to cancer risk. Broader gastroenterology evidence links circadian and microbial disruption with obesity, diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, while identifying dietary modification, behavioral modification, and microbiota-directed therapies as therapeutic research directions. Diet is also mechanistically important: plant-based, low-fat diets generally promote microbial oscillators, whereas low-fiber, high-sugar, high-fat Western diets abolish most of them, thereby altering central or peripheral circadian-clock functions and other metabolic targets. These findings position meal timing, dietary composition, microbial metabolites, and microbiota-directed interventions as experimentally grounded routes for metabolic-disease research rather than established stand-alone treatments[3][7][8].

Major gaps still separate mechanistic animal studies and clinical translation. The field still lacks a complete explanation of how gut microbiota and host circadian clocks interact, and reviews identify animal-versus-human differences and the need for precisely timed sample collection as major challenges. Because microbial abundance, localization, function, metabolites, host transcription, and epigenetic state can oscillate across the day, sampling time is an important experimental variable. Future research therefore needs time-resolved human studies, mechanistic validation of microbial metabolites and host targets, and intervention studies testing whether manipulation of microbial rhythmicity improves metabolic outcomes. Current evidence supports further development of microbiota-related diagnostics and therapeutics and chrononutrition strategies, while emphasizing the need to establish whether mechanisms identified largely in experimental systems translate to human metabolic disease[3][6][9].

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Cat. No. Product Name Information Application Publication
HY-13818 Stattic
Stattic is a potent STAT3 inhibitor and inhibits STAT3 phosphorylation (at Y705 and S727). Stattic inhibits the binding of a high affinity phosphopeptide for the SH2 domain of STAT3. Stattic ameliorates the renal dysfunction in Alport syndrome (AS) mice.
STAT   Apoptosis  
Lung Cancer   Breast Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Digestive System Inflammation   Obesity  
322
HY-10201 Sorafenib
Sorafenib (Bay 43-9006) is a potent oral active multikinase inhibitor. Sorafenib blocks autophosphorylation and activity of receptor tyrosine kinases (VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3) and RAF family kinases, thereby suppressing the RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways, inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation, and selectively inhibiting the MAPK pathway in cancer cells. Sorafenib induces cell cycle arrest, autophagy, apoptosis, and PARP cleavage, reduces Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, cyclin D1 levels, and activates Bak and Bax. Sorafenib inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in mouse and rat models. Sorafenib can be used for cancer research, such as colon, breast, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), ovarian, pancreatic, melanoma, colorectal and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Raf   VEGFR   FLT3   Autophagy   Apoptosis   STAT   Akt   MMP   Cadherin   p38 MAPK   ERK   MEK   PI3K   PARP   Bcl-2 Family   Ephrin Receptor   PDGFR  
Gastric Cancer   Liver Cancer   Ovarian Cancer   Digestive System Inflammation   Small Cell Lung Cancer   Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer   Metastatic Breast Cancer   Metastatic Colorectal Cancer   Metastatic Prostate Cancer   Multiple Myeloma   Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Alzheimer's Disease   Parkinson's Disease   Obesity   Lung Fibrosis  
316
HY-13757 Tamoxifen Citrate
Tamoxifen Citrate (ICI 46474) is an orally active, selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) which blocks estrogen action in breast cells and can activate estrogen activity in other cells, such as bone, liver, and uterine cells.Tamoxifen Citrate is a potent Hsp90 activator and enhances the Hsp90 molecular chaperone ATPase activity. Tamoxifen Citrate also potent inhibits infectious EBOV Zaire and Marburg (MARV) with IC50 of 0.1 μM and 1.8 μM, respectively. Tamoxifen Citrate activates autophagy and induces apoptosis. Tamoxifen Citrate can also be used to induce gene knockout in CreER transgenic mice.
Estrogen Receptor/ERR   HSP   Autophagy   Apoptosis  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Digestive System Disease   Prostate Cancer   Viral Infection   Digestive System Inflammation   Luminal Breast Cancer   Metastatic Breast Cancer   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Lung Fibrosis  
270
HY-13757A Tamoxifen
Tamoxifen (ICI 47699) is an orally active, selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) which blocks estrogen action in breast cells and can activate estrogen activity in other cells, such as bone, liver, and uterine cells. Tamoxifen is a potent Hsp90 activator and enhances the Hsp90 molecular chaperone ATPase activity. Tamoxifen also potent inhibits infectious EBOV Zaire and Marburg (MARV) with IC50 of 0.1 μM and 1.8 μM, respectively. Tamoxifen activates autophagy and induces apoptosis. Tamoxifen can also be dissolved in corn oil (HY-Y1888) for use in inducing gene knockout in CreER transgenic mice. Tamoxifen has better solubility in corn oil compared to Tamoxifen Citrate (HY-13757).
Estrogen Receptor/ERR   HSP   Autophagy   Apoptosis  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Digestive System Disease   Prostate Cancer   Viral Infection   Digestive System Inflammation   Luminal Breast Cancer   Metastatic Breast Cancer   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Lung Fibrosis  
270
HY-A0281 4-Phenylbutyric acid
4-Phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) is an inhibitor of HDAC and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, used in cancer and infection research.
HDAC   Virus Protease  
Lung Cancer   Breast Cancer   Liver Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Viral Infection   SARS-CoV-2 Infection  
262
HY-13417A AICAR phosphate
AICAR phosphate (Acadesine phosphate) is an adenosine analog and a AMPK activator. AICAR phosphate regulates the glucose and lipid metabolism, and inhibits proinflammatory cytokines and iNOS production. AICAR phosphate is also an autophagy, YAP and mitophagy inhibitor.

Source: Body

AMPK   Autophagy   YAP   Mitophagy   Endogenous Metabolite  
Colorectal Cancer   Liver Cancer   Pancreatic Cancer   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Obesity   Lung Fibrosis  
231
HY-13417 AICAR
AICAR (Acadesine) is an adenosine analog and a AMPK activator. AICAR is also an autophagy, YAP and mitophagy inhibitor. AICAR regulates the glucose and lipid metabolism, and inhibits proinflammatory cytokines and iNOS production. AICAR inhibits autophagy through a mechanism independent of AMPK activity.
AMPK   Autophagy   YAP   Mitophagy   Endogenous Metabolite  
Cancer  
231
HY-15144 Trichostatin A
Trichostatin A (TSA) is a potent and specific inhibitor of HDAC class I/II, with an IC50 value of 1.8 nM for HDAC.
Organoid   HDAC  
Breast Cancer   Liver Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer  
201
HY-15924 Thiazolyl Blue
Thiazolyl Blue (MTT) is a cell-permeable and positively charged tetrazolium dye that is used to detect reductive metabolism in cells. Thiazolyl Blue is taken up by cells through the plasma membrane and then reduced to formazan by intracellular NAD (P) H-oxidoreductases. Thiazolyl Blue is frequently used in colorimetric assays to measure cell proliferation, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis.
Fluorescent Dye  
194
HY-10221 Vorinostat
Vorinostat (SAHA) is a potent and orally active pan-inhibitor of HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC3 (Class I), HDAC6 and HDAC7 (Class II) and HDAC11 (Class IV), with ID50 values of 10 nM and 20 nM for HDAC1 and HDAC3, respectively. Vorinostat induces cell apoptosis. Vorinostat is also an effective inhibitor of human papillomaviruse (HPV)-18 DNA amplification.
HDAC   Autophagy   Mitophagy   Filovirus   Apoptosis   HPV  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Breast Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Viral Infection   Digestive System Inflammation   Lung Fibrosis  
175
HY-13636 Fulvestrant
Fulvestrant (ICI 182780) is a pure antiestrogen and a potent estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist with an IC50 of 9.4 nM. Fulvestrant is also a GPR30 agonist. Fulvestrant effectively inhibits the growth of ER-positive MCF-7 cells with an IC50 of 0.29 nM. Fulvestrant also induces autophagy and has antitumor efficacy.
Estrogen Receptor/ERR   Autophagy   Apoptosis  
Prostate Cancer   Pancreatic Cancer   Ovarian Cancer   Digestive System Inflammation   Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer   Luminal Breast Cancer   HER-2 Positive Breast Cancer   Triple-Negative Breast Cancer   Metastatic Breast Cancer  
145
HY-B0141 Estradiol
Estradiol (β-Estradiol) is a steroid hormone and the major female sex hormone. Estradiol can up-regulate the expression of neural markers of human endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs) and promote their neural differentiation. Estradiol can be used for the research of cancers, neurodegenerative diseases and neural tissue engineering.
Estrogen Receptor/ERR   Endogenous Metabolite   Bacterial  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Prostate Cancer   Viral Infection   Bacterial Infection   Neurodegenerative Disease   Cardiovascular Disease   Luminal Breast Cancer   Metastatic Breast Cancer   SARS-CoV-2 Infection  
141
HY-L009 Kinase Inhibitor Library
Kinase is an enzyme that adds phosphate groups to other molecules. This process is known as phosphorylation. Protein phosphorylation is a key aspect in the regulation of a large number of cellular processes including cellular division, metabolism, signal transduction, and so on. There are over 500 kinases encoded by the human genome and it has been estimated that kinases regulate approximately 50% of cellular functions. Kinases are a large group of drug targets in drug discovery. Kinase inhibitors are an important class of drugs that block certain enzymes involved in diseases such as cancer and inflammatory disorders. Kinase inhibitor library designed by MCE contains 3,998 kinase inhibitors and regulators mainly targeting protein kinases (VEGFR, EGFR, BTK, CDK, Akt, etc.), lipid kinases (PI3K, PI4K, SK, etc.) and carbohydrate kinases (Hexokinase), and is a useful tool for kinase drug discovery and related research.

Signaling Pathway Targeting Libraries

125
HY-B0069 Fludarabine
Fludarabine (NSC 118218) is a DNA synthesis inhibitor and a fluorinated purine analogue with antineoplastic activity in lymphoproliferative malignancies. Fludarabine inhibits the cytokine-induced activation of STAT1 and STAT1-dependent gene transcription in normal resting or activated lymphocytes.
Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog   DNA/RNA Synthesis   STAT   Apoptosis  
Lung Cancer   Breast Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Viral Infection   Digestive System Inflammation   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Obesity   Lung Fibrosis  
119
HY-40354 Tofacitinib
Tofacitinib (Tasocitinib) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable selective inhibitor of JAK1/JAK3. Tofacitinib blocks the JAK-STAT/NF-κB signaling pathway, inhibits cytokine signal transduction, phosphorylation of STAT1/STAT5, and suppresses innate and adaptive immune responses. Tofacitinib can be used in research related to major depressive disorder, rheumatoid arthritis, pulmonary diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus, and immune-mediated liver injury.
JAK   STAT   NF-κB  
Depression   Pulmonary Disease   Systemic Lupus Erythematosus   Liver Injury   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
103
HY-12163 Entinostat
Entinostat is an oral and selective class I HDAC inhibitor, with IC50s of 243 nM, 453 nM, and 248 nM for HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC3, respectively.
HDAC   Autophagy   Apoptosis  
95
HY-N0322 Cholesterol (from animal)
Cholesterol (from animal) is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol (from animal) plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol (from animal) is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist.
Endogenous Metabolite   Liposome   Bacterial   Estrogen Receptor/ERR  
Breast Cancer   Viral Infection   Bacterial Infection   Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma   Hepatitis B Virus Infection   Alzheimer's Disease   Sepsis   Atherosclerosis   Type 2 Diabetes   Obesity   Hypercholesterolemia  
95
HY-L002 Anti-Infection Compound Library
An infection occurs when another organism enters a person’s body and causes disease. The organisms that cause infections are very diverse and can include things like viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. The immune system is an effective barrier against infectious agents. MCE provides a unique collection of 4,884 anti-infective compounds with anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-fungal and anti-parasite activities that can be used for drug screening and other research in anti-microbial area.

Disease Focused Libraries

91
HY-10224 Panobinostat
Panobinostat (LBH589; NVP-LBH589) is a potent and orally active non-selective HDAC inhibitor, and has antineoplastic activities. Panobinostat induces HIV-1 virus production even at low concentration range 8-31 nM, stimulates HIV-1 expression in latently infected cells. Panobinostat induces cell apoptosis and autophagy. Panobinostat can be used for the study of refractory or relapsed multiple myeloma.
HDAC   Autophagy   HIV   Apoptosis  
Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Digestive System Inflammation   Small Cell Lung Cancer   Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer   HER-2 Positive Breast Cancer   Metastatic Breast Cancer   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Lung Fibrosis  
90
HY-L012 Metabolism/Protease Compound Library
Metabolism is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms. Metabolic pathways are enzyme-mediated biochemical reactions that lead to biosynthesis (anabolism) or breakdown (catabolism) of natural product small molecules within a cell or tissue. Acting as catalysts, enzymes are crucial to metabolism - they allow a reaction to proceed more rapidly - and they also allow the regulation of the rate of a metabolic reaction. Proteases are used throughout an organism for various metabolic processes. Proteases control a great variety of physiological processes that are critical for life, including the immune response, cell cycle, cell death, wound healing, food digestion, and protein and organelle recycling. Imbalances in metabolic activities have been found to be critical in a number of pathologies, such as cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. MCE designs a unique collection of 7,360 Metabolism/Protease-related small molecules that act as a useful tool for drug discovery of metabolism-related diseases.

Signaling Pathway Targeting Libraries

89
HY-L084 Microbial Metabolite Library
Nature has been a source of medicinal products for millennia, with many useful active substances developed from plant sources. In the 20th century, the discovery of the penicillin was the starting point for drug discovery from microbial sources. Microorganisms， which have been considered to be a rich source of unique bioactive compounds, play an important role in the development of the chemistry of natural products and medical therapy. Microbial metabolites have proved to be affective antimicrobial agents, anti-tumor agents, enzyme inhibitors, anti-inflammatory agents, etc. Today, many microbial-originated antibiotics are available in the mark, and a large number of bioactive metabolites are used in medicine. MCE provides a unique collection of 939 microbial metabolites, which is an important source of lead compounds and can be used for drug discovery.

Metabolism Focused Libraries Natural Product Screening Libraries

87
HY-14590 Kaempferol
Kaempferol (Kempferol), a flavonoid found in many edible plants, inhibits estrogen receptor α expression in breast cancer cells and induces apoptosis in glioblastoma cells and lung cancer cells by activation of MEK-MAPK. Kaempferol can be uesd for the research of breast cancer.
Estrogen Receptor/ERR   Autophagy   Mitophagy   Apoptosis   HIV   Parasite   Endogenous Metabolite  
Digestive System Disease   Lung Cancer   Breast Cancer   Ovarian Cancer   Viral Infection   Parasitic Infection   Digestive System Inflammation   Glucose Metabolism  
85
HY-L078 Gut Microbial Metabolite Library
Accumulating evidence has revealed that intestinal microbiota play an important role in human health and disease, including cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, obesity, cancer, and depression, etc. Changes in the composition of gut microbiota associated with disease, referred to as dysbiosis, have been linked to pathologies. Indeed, the gut microbiome functions like an endocrine organ, generating bioactive metabolites which play important roles in human metabolism, health, and disease. Gut microbiome has become a novel therapeutic target for many diseases. Analysis and identification of gut microbial metabolite will contribute to the development of therapeutic methods. In order to meet the need of gut microbiome research, MCE carefully selected a unique collection of 475 gut microbial metabolites. MCE gut microbial metabolite library is a powerful tool for gut microbiome research and gut microbiome -related drug discovery.

Metabolism Focused Libraries

85
HY-L091 Lipid Metabolism Compound Library
Lipids are a fundamental class of organic molecules implicated in a wide range of biological processes, and based on this can be broadly classified into five categories: fatty acids, triacylglycerols (TAGs), phospholipids, sterol lipids and sphingolipids. Lipids play a crucial role in different metabolic pathways and cellular functions. Lipid metabolism is an important physiological process that is related to nutrient adjustment, hormone regulation, and homeostasis. Lipid metabolism dysregulation is associated with many diseases such as obesity, liver disease, aging and inflammation. MCE offers a unique collection of 1,026 compounds related to lipid metabolism, which target relevant targets in the process of lipid metabolism, such as ATGL, MAGL, FAAH, acetyl-Coa Carboxylase, FASN, etc. MCE lipid metabolism compound library is a useful tool for research lipid metabolism and drug discovery of diseases related to lipid metabolism.

Signaling Pathway Targeting Libraries

85
HY-L092 Glucose Metabolism Compound Library
Glucose homeostasis is tightly regulated to meet the energy requirements of the vital organs and maintain an individual’s health. Glucose metabolism includes glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phosphorylation and other metabolic pathways. Glucose is the major carbon source that provides the main energy for life. Glucose metabolism dysregulation is also implicated in many diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, neurodegenerative diseases and even cancer. MCE offers a unique collection of 1,777 compounds related to glucose metabolism, which target glucose metabolism related targets, such as GLUT, Hexokinase, Pyruvate Kinase, IDH, etc. MCE glucose metabolism library is a powerful tool for studying glucose metabolism and drug discovery of diseases related to glucose metabolism.

Signaling Pathway Targeting Libraries

85
HY-L123 Human Metabolite Library
Human metabolism is an integral part of cellular function that reflects individual differences in health, disease, diet, and lifestyle. Many health conditions such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, and cancer are associated with abnormal metabolic states. In the pathological state of the human body, metabolic pathways are significantly altered, resulting in aberrant levels of intermediates or end-products that can be viewed as potential diagnostic biomarkers or even therapeutic targets. Therefore, detection, identification and quantification of human metabolites are very important for drug metabolism research in drug development. MCE offers a unique collection of 6,767 human metabolites, including endogenous metabolites and exogenous metabolites, covering multiple structure types, such as lipids, amino acids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, organic acids, biogenic amines, vitamins,. MCE Human Metabolites Library is a helpful tool for studying the relationship between diseases and metabolism.

Metabolism Focused Libraries

85
HY-L046 Anti-Cardiovascular Disease Compound Library
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels which include coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease, rheumatic heart disease, etc. CVDs are the number 1 cause of death globally. Smoking, unhealthy nutrition, aging population, lack of physical activity, arterial hypertension, or diabetes can promote cardiovascular disease like myocardial infarction or stroke. It is multifactorial and encompasses a multitude of mechanisms, such as eNOS uncoupling, reactive oxygen species formation, chronic inflammatory disorders and abnormal calcium homeostasis. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetes agents may reduce the cardiovascular disease risk. MCE supplies a unique collection of 2,468 compounds with confirmed anti-cardiovascular activity. These compounds mainly target metabolic enzyme, membrane transporter, ion channel, inflammation related signaling pathways. MCE Anti-Cardiovascular Disease Compound Library can be used for cardiovascular diseases related research and high throughput and high content screening for new drugs.

Disease Focused Libraries

84
HY-L059 Pyroptosis Compound Library
Programmed cell death pathways, including apoptosis, pyroptosis and necroptosis, are regulated by unique sets of host proteins that coordinate a variety of biological outcomes. Pyroptosis is a highly inflammatory form of programmed cell death that occurs most frequently upon infection with intracellular pathogens and is likely to form part of the antimicrobial response. This process promotes the rapid clearance of various bacterial, viral, fungal and protozoan infections by removing intracellular replication niches and enhancing the host's defensive responses. Pyroptosis has been widely studied in inflammatory and infection disease models. Recently, there are growing evidences that pyroptosis also plays an important role in the development of cancer, cardiovascular diseases and Metabolic disorder, etc. MCE designs a unique collection of 2,034 pyroptosis-related compounds mainly focusing on the key targets in the pyroptosis signaling pathway and can be used in the research of pyroptosis signal pathway and related diseases.

Signaling Pathway Targeting Libraries

84
HY-L083 Anti-Cancer Metabolism Compound Library
Mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes can modify multiple signaling pathways and in turn cell metabolism, which facilitates tumorigenesis. The paramount hallmark of tumor metabolism is “aerobic glycolysis” or the Warburg effect, coined by Otto Warburg in 1926, in which cancer cells produce most of energy from glycolysis pathway regardless of whether in aerobic or anaerobic condition. Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside. The increased uptake of glucose is facilitated by the overexpression of several isoforms of membrane glucose transporters (GLUTs). Likewise, the metabolic pathways of glutamine, amino acid and fat metabolism are also altered. Recent trends in anti-cancer drug discovery suggests that targeting the altered metabolic pathways of cancer cells result in energy crisis inside the cancer cells and can selectively inhibit cancer cell proliferation by delaying or suppressing tumor growth. MCE provides a unique collection of 3,806 compounds which cover various tumor metabolism-related signaling pathways. These compounds can be used for anti-cancer metabolism targets identification, validation as well anti-cancer drug discovery.

Signaling Pathway Targeting Libraries

84
HY-L146 Metabolic Enzyme Compound Library
Metabolism is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms that maintain cell homeostasis. Metabolic pathways are enzyme-mediated biochemical reactions that lead to biosynthesis (anabolism) or breakdown (catabolism) of molecules including glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism and amino acid or protein metabolism within a cell or tissue. As catalysts, enzymes are crucial to metabolism as they allow a reaction to proceed more rapidly and tregulate the rate of a metabolic reaction. Due to the importance of metabolic balance in the organism, the abnormal function of metabolic enzymes often leads to the occurrence of a variety of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, etc. MCE designs a unique collection of 4,407 metabolic enzymes related small molecules, which is an important tool for studying the metabolic activities of organisms and developing drugs for metabolic diseases.

Signaling Pathway Targeting Libraries

84
HY-L180 Mitophagy Compound Library
Mitochondrial autophagy refers to the selective encapsulation and degradation of damaged mitochondria by cells through the autophagy mechanism, thereby maintaining mitochondrial and cellular homeostasis. The concept of mitochondrial autophagy has received extensive attention since it was proposed. Current studies have shown that the mechanisms of mitochondrial autophagy can generally be divided into two categories: Ubiquitin-dependent pathways and Ub-independent pathways. In addition, mitochondrial autophagy is a research hotspot related to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, metabolic diseases and other clinical diseases. Therefore, high-throughput screening based on mitochondrial autophagy can effectively screen out compounds that are closely related to the occurrence of diseases and analyze their mechanisms. MCE can provide a library of 655 mitophagy compounds, which can be used for drug development and mechanism research in cancer, immunity, infection and other hot research fields.

Signaling Pathway Targeting Libraries

84
HY-L182 Fatty Acids Compound Library
Fatty acids (FAs) are the main components of lipids. The synthesis of fatty acids mainly involves the Triglyceride (TG) cycle and De Novo Lipogenesis (DNL). Fatty acids which exist widely in organisms are components of cell membranes and play an indispensable role in cell signaling. In addition, FFAs can be taken up from circulating plasma by all mitochondria-containing cells, and they are metabolized by β-oxidation and the citric acid cycle to release large amounts of energy in the form of ATP. Abnormal fatty acid metabolism is associated with the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, fatty liver, hyperthyroidism, and other diseases. MCE offers a unique collection of fatty acid compounds. Fatty Acids Compound Library is an important tool for the study of energy metabolism and drug development of metabolism-related diseases.

Structure Classified Libraries

84
HY-L009M Kinase Inhibitor Library Mini
Kinases is a class of enzymes that adds chemicals called phosphates to other molecules, such as sugars or proteins. Protein phosphorylation serves as a critical regulatory mechanism for numerous cellular processes including cell division, metabolism, and signal transduction, with approximately 50% of cellular functions in humans being regulated by kinase activity. In drug discovery, kinases represent a major category of therapeutic targets, and kinase inhibitors constitute an important class of pharmaceuticals that block the activity of specific disease-associated enzymes, particularly in cancer and inflammatory disorders. Small molecule kinase inhibitors represent one of the fastest-growing drug categories, having received U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for both oncological and non-oncological indications. As of September 2023, over 70 FDA-approved small molecule kinase inhibitors are commercially available. The MCE Kinase Inhibitor Library Mini contains 270 kinase inhibitors primarily targeting protein kinases (VEGFR, EGFR, BTK, CDK, Akt, etc.), lipid kinases (PI3K, PI4K, SK, etc.), and carbohydrate kinases. This collection includes 1-3 highly specific representative compounds per target, optimized for screening of kinase-related drug targets in pharmaceutical research.

Signaling Pathway Targeting Libraries

83
HY-L021M Natural Product and Natural Product-Like Compound Library
From the discovery of traditional Chinese medicine to modern antibiotics, natural products have played an important role in the drug development process. A review of all FDA-approved drugs shows that natural products and natural product-like compounds account for more than one-third of all approved drugs. Nearly half of that came from mammals, a quarter from microbes, and a quarter from plants. Over time, the proportion of microbial natural products and natural product derivatives in approved drugs has increased. Natural products have natural advantages in drug development and can be used as lead compounds in drug discovery for drug identification and mechanism research. MCE provides a unique collection of 20,566 natural compounds and natural product-like compounds that contain saccharides and glycosides, phenylpropanoids, quinones, flavonoids, terpenoids and glycosides, steroids, alkaloid, phenols, acids and aldehydes. Natural product and natural product-like compounds library is a useful tool for drug discovery that can be used for high-throughput screening (HTS) and high-content screening (HCS).
83
HY-L064 Glutamine Metabolism Compound Library
Glutamine is an important metabolic fuel that helps rapidly proliferating cells meet the increased demand for ATP, biosynthetic precursors, and reducing agents. Glutamine Metabolism pathway involves the initial deamination of glutamine by glutaminase(GLS), yielding glutamate and ammonia. Glutamate is converted to the TCA cycle intermediate α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) by either glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) or by the alanine or aspartate transaminases (TAs), to produce both ATP and anabolic carbons for the synthesis of amino acids, nucleotides and lipids. During periods of hypoxia or mitochondrial dysfunction, α-KG can be converted to citrate in a reductive carboxylation reaction catalyzed by IDH2. The newly formed citrate exits the mitochondria where it is used to synthesize fatty acids and amino acids and produce the reducing agent, NADPH. Cancer cells display an altered metabolic circuitry that is directly regulated by oncogenic mutations and loss of tumor suppressors. Mounting evidence indicates that altered glutamine metabolism in cancer cells has critical roles in supporting macromolecule biosynthesis, regulating signaling pathways, and maintaining redox homeostasis, all of which contribute to cancer cell proliferation and survival. Thus, intervention in glutamine metabolic processes could provide novel approaches to improve cancer treatment. MCE owns a unique collection of 1,827 compounds targeting the mainly proteins and enzymes involved in glutamine metabolism pathway. Glutamine Metabolism compound library is a useful tool for intervention in glutamine metabolic processes.

Signaling Pathway Targeting Libraries

83
HY-L105S Peptide Compound Library
Peptides, composed of amino acids, serve as crucial building blocks for proteins and have gained significant attention in drug development over the past decade. The advancements in production, modification, and analytical technologies have led to a surge in the potential applications of peptides in medicine. Peptides offer a number of advantages over small molecule drugs, including: greater target specificity and efficacy, more predictable metabolic profiles, easier delivery to where they are needed in the body, and fewer side effects. Peptides are increasingly appearing in all branches of medicine as components of innovative drugs, imaging agents, diagnostic agents, and other complex drugs such as peptide-drug conjugates. To date, more than 80 peptide drugs have been approved to treat a variety of diseases, including microbial infections, obesity, anti-diabetes, and cancer, as well as to develop cell targeting platforms and improve cell penetration properties. MCE designs a unique collection of 867 peptide compounds. HY-L105S is a peptide compound library that can be provided with solution form based on HY-L105, and can be applied to peptides-based drug development.

Structure Classified Libraries

83
HY-L174 Macrophage Related Compound Library
Macrophages are effector cells of the innate immune system, engulfing bacteria and secreting pro-inflammatory and antibacterial mediators. They are an important component of the first line defense against pathogens and tumor cells. In addition, macrophages play an important role in eliminating damaged cells through programmed cell death. Like all immune cells, macrophages originate from pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. Macrophages play key functions in many physiological processes beyond homeostasis and innate immunity, including metabolic function, cell debris clearance, tissue repair, and remodeling. In order to fulfill their different functional roles, macrophages can polarize into a series of phenotypes, including classic (pro inflammatory, M1) and alternative (anti-inflammatory, healing promoting, M2) activation states, as well as a wide range of regulatory phenotypes and subtypes. Macrophages exist in all vertebrate tissues and have a dual function in host protection and tissue damage, maintaining a good balance. MCE designs a unique collection of 276 macrophage related compounds. It is a good tool to be used for research on Inflammation, cancer and other diseases.

Compound Characteristic Classified Libraries

83
HY-L189 Amino Acid Metabolism Compound Library
Amino acids, as one of the most fundamental organic compounds in living organisms, serve not only as the basic building blocks of proteins but also but also undertake the functions of energy supply, neurotransmitter synthesis, and maintenance of internal environment stability.Amino acid metabolic enzymes are a class of enzymes involved in the metabolic processes of amino acids, catalyzing their synthesis, breakdown, transformation, and interactions with other metabolic pathways. Abnormalities in amino acid metabolic enzymes can lead to various metabolic diseases, such as phenylketonuria and hyperammonemia, etc. Therefore, actively exploring and regulating the processes of amino acid metabolism is crucial for the development of drugs related to these diseases. MCE designs a unique collection of 352 small molecules target amino acid metabolizing enzymes, which is an important tool for studying studying amino acid metabolism processes or metabolism-related drug development.
83
HY-L208 Bile Acids Library
Bile acids are a class of amphiphilic molecules derived from the metabolic breakdown of cholesterol, primarily synthesized in the liver, and play a crucial role in the intestines. Based on their structural characteristics, bile acids are mainly divided into two categories: free bile acids (including Cholic acid, Deoxycholic acid, Chenodeoxycholic acid) and conjugated bile acids (including Glycocholic acid, Glycochenodeoxycholic acid, Taurocholic acid, etc.). Bile acids play a significant role in the pathophysiological research of liver and gastrointestinal diseases and are closely associated with the occurrence of metabolic diseases such as obesity, type II diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and atherosclerosis. Bile acids maintain metabolic balance within the body by regulating sugar metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism, and they influence the activity of metabolism-related enzymes and transporters. In addition, Bile acids can also be used to construct a bile acid metabolism research platform, which helps to delve into the metabolic pathways and dynamic changes of bile acids in living organisms and aids in identifying new biomarkers for certain diseases. MCE included 62 bile acids, including Cholic acid, Deoxycholic acid, Glycocholic acid, etc., which are effective tools for the study of liver and gallbladder diseases.
83
HY-L215 Mass Spectrometry Human Metabolite Library
Metabolomics, positioned as the systemic characterization of small-molecule metabolites within biological systems, has emerged as an indispensable analytical platform in both fundamental research and translational applications across plant sciences, microbial biotechnology, and biomedical investigations. Functioning as a critical component in multi-omics integration, this discipline deciphers the intricate molecular networks operating downstream of genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic regulation, thereby capturing the dynamic biochemical phenotype closest to organismal functionality. The metabolome, comprising endogenous compounds with molecular weights typically below 1500 Da, serves as the functional readout of cellular processes and environmental interactions, where perturbations in metabolic networks are frequently implicated in disease pathogenesis. Such unique attributes have propelled metabolomics into a pivotal role in pharmacological research, particularly in target deconvolution, pharmacodynamic assessment, and mechanistic elucidation of pathological processes. MCE can provide 6,077 mass spectrometry human metabolites that can be used for metabolite identification and quantification, functional cell detection and phenotypic screening of mass spectrometry.

Metabolism Focused Libraries

83
HY-L226 Posttranslational Modification Library
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) refer to chemical modifications that occur on amino acid residues of proteins after translation, involving the addition or removal of specific functional groups. These modifications regulate protein activity, localization, folding, and interactions with other biomolecules. By influencing protein function, PTMs play a crucial role in various pathophysiological processes. Common types of PTMs include protein phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, glycosylation, and more. MCE offers 3,693 PTM-targeting compounds, which can be used for drug screening in cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, etc.
83
HY-L227 Amino Acid Metabolite Compound Library
Amino acids are the fundamental components that sustain life activities, playing roles in ATP generation, promoting nucleotide synthesis, and maintaining cellular redox balance. Moreover, dysregulation of amino acid consumption is a significant potential regulatory mechanism leading to impaired anti-tumor immunity in immune cells. The normal functioning of immune cells relies on amino acid metabolic pathways to obtain energy and materials, and upon activation, they reprogram their metabolism to support growth, proliferation, and effector functions. Additionally, metabolic disorders of specific amino acids (such as branched-chain amino acids, glutamine, and arginine) can exacerbate mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, thereby promoting myocardial fibrosis and cardiac cell damage. Therefore, conducting research related to amino acid metabolism holds promise for discovering potential drugs for diseases related to cancer, immunity, and metabolism. MCE can provide 195 kinds of metabolites of amino acid metabolic pathways, which can be used for drug screening in various diseases such as cancer, immune disorders, metabolic diseases, mitochondrial-targeted diseases

Metabolism Focused Libraries

83
HY-L228 Lipid Metabolite Compound Library
Lipids are important energy storage substances in the human body. They are involved in the regulation of cell structure and function, as well as signaling pathways and gene expression. Abnormal lipid levels in tissues or their dysregulation can lead to various diseases. These include obesity, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, neurodegenerative diseases, infections, and cancer. Therefore, maintaining normal levels of lipid metabolism is critical to overall health. One of the key features of cancer is aberrant lipid metabolism. This includes alterations in lipid uptake, lipid desaturation, neolipogenesis, lipid droplets, and fatty acid oxidation in cancer cells. These changes all contribute to cellular survival in an ever-changing microenvironment. They do this by modulating feed-forward oncogenic signals and key oncogenic functions. Additionally, they affect oxidative stress, other types of stress, immune responses, and intercellular communication. Alterations in lipid metabolism have a strong impact on the properties of cancer stem cells. This includes aspects such as self-renewal, differentiation, invasion, metastasis, drug sensitivity, and resistance. Furthermore, these alterations also modulate T cell responses. MCE can offer 146 metabolites of lipid metabolism pathways, which can be used for drug screening in cancer, immune-based diseases, metabolic diseases, and other diseases.

Metabolism Focused Libraries

83
HY-L239 Steroid Hormones Library
Steroid hormones (also known as steroidal hormones) are a class of tetracyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds derived from cholesterol. Typical representatives of steroid hormones include cortisol, aldosterone, testosterone, estradiol, among others. These hormones serve diverse regulatory functions within the body. For instance, aldosterone helps maintain the homeostasis of extracellular fluid volume and circulating blood volume; testosterone and estradiol primarily promote the development and maturation of male and female reproductive organs and regulate reproductive functions. MCE designs a unique collection of 71 steroid hormones. This library can be used for research related to metabolic or immune diseases, investigations into the mechanisms of action of nuclear receptor signaling pathways, as well as identification and quantitative analysis in metabolomics studies.

Compound Characteristic Classified Libraries

83
HY-L246 Tonifying Traditional Chinese Medicine Monomer Compound Library
Tonifying traditional Chinese medicines occupy a central position in the traditional medical system, with their core value lying in the regulation of the body's functional state. Modern pharmacological studies have confirmed that these medicinal materials and their monomeric components possess multiple biological activities, including bidirectional immune regulation, anti-aging and lifespan extension, neuroprotection and cognitive enhancement, as well as hematopoietic and metabolic regulation. According to the traditional Chinese medicine theory of “strengthening the body’s resistance and consolidating the foundation”, tonifying medicines are mainly classified into four major categories: Qi-tonifying, Blood-tonifying, Yin-tonifying, and Yang-tonifying. This compound library strictly follows this classification system for compound collection. Monomeric compounds derived from traditional Chinese medicines demonstrate excellent drug-like properties. They naturally possess structural diversity and clearly defined pharmacological activities, which help improve screening success rates and make them ideal tools for studying multi-target synergistic effects. This library contains 1,039 compounds, providing a material basis for investigating synergistic interactions among compounds (network pharmacology) and facilitating the development of multi-target therapeutic strategies for complex diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic syndrome.

Traditional Chinese Medicine Libraries

83
HY-L250 Lactic Acid Metabolite Compound Library
In the progression of various diseases, metabolic reprogramming has emerged as a key hallmark. Lactate, as an important metabolic signaling molecule, is widely involved in tumorigenesis, immune regulation, and inflammatory responses. Particularly within the tumor microenvironment, the abnormal accumulation of lactate not only affects cellular energy metabolism but also promotes disease progression by modulating immune cell functions and mediating protein lactylation, thereby participating in epigenetic regulation and signaling networks. Therefore, systematic investigation of lactate metabolic pathways and their associated metabolites is of great significance for understanding disease mechanisms and developing novel therapeutic strategies. The MCE lactic acid metabolite compound library contains 61 compounds and is constructed around key metabolic pathways involving lactate production, transport, and utilization. This library systematically includes core intermediates from glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and the lactate cycle. Focusing on disease-associated metabolic reprogramming, it is suitable for research in oncology, inflammation, and metabolic disorders. The library can be used to elucidate the roles of lactate in tumor microenvironment regulation, immune evasion, and epigenetic modifications (such as protein lactylation). In addition, it provides high-quality small-molecule resources for drug screening, facilitating the discovery of potential modulators targeting key enzymes (such as LDH) or transporters (such as MCTs) involved in lactate metabolism.

Signaling Pathway Targeting Libraries

83
HY-L252 Carbohydrate Metabolite Compound Library
Carbohydrate metabolism serves as a central hub for energy supply and biosynthesis in living organisms and plays a critical role in the onset and progression of various diseases. In recent years, studies have shown that tumor cells reprogram their energy metabolism through aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect) to support rapid proliferation. Immune cells also rely on specific carbohydrate metabolic pathways to regulate their activation and differentiation states, while disorders such as diabetes and metabolic syndrome arise directly from dysregulation of carbohydrate metabolism. In addition, enzymes and key metabolic nodes involved in carbohydrate metabolism have become important targets for drug discovery, and therapeutic strategies targeting glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and energy metabolism are continuously advancing the treatment of cancer and metabolic diseases. Therefore, systematic analysis of carbohydrate metabolic networks and their associated metabolites is of great significance for elucidating disease mechanisms and developing novel therapeutic approaches. The MCE Carbohydrate Metabolism Metabolite Library is constructed based on classical carbohydrate metabolic pathways and contains 76 metabolites. It systematically integrates key metabolic networks, including glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, monosaccharide metabolism, and sugar acid interconversions. The library comprehensively covers core metabolic nodes from glucose uptake and utilization to energy production and biosynthesis, while also incorporating important upstream and downstream intermediates. It enables accurate representation of intracellular metabolic flux dynamics and is well suited for applications such as metabolic flux analysis, target validation, and mechanistic studies. Furthermore, it provides robust support for multi-omics integration and the development of precision intervention strategies.
83
HY-L255 Dipeptide Compound Library
Dipeptide compounds have attracted extensive attention in drug discovery and life science research due to their simple structures, ease of modification, and favorable biocompatibility. As small peptides composed of two amino acids, dipeptides exhibit diverse biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, and immunomodulatory effects, showing significant application potential in metabolic disorders, neurological diseases, and cancer research. Compared with traditional small molecules, dipeptide compounds possess favorable target-binding properties and high structural plasticity, making them valuable tools for drug screening and mechanism studies. The MCE Dipeptide Compound Library contains 72 dipeptide compounds and can be applied to peptide drug discovery and development.

Structure Classified Libraries

83
HY-L261 Classic FDA-Approved Drug Library
MCE Classic FDA-Approved Drug Library features a curated selection of marketed drugs that have achieved the highest prescription volumes and greatest clinical impact in global practice since 2006. The collection covers eight major therapeutic areas, including cardiovascular diseases, oncology, metabolic disorders, infectious diseases, central nervous system disorders, respiratory diseases, digestive system diseases, and immunological conditions. All compounds have been validated through long‑term clinical use and possess well‑defined molecular targets, well‑established pharmacokinetic properties, quantifiable efficacy endpoints, and comprehensive toxicological safety profiles. The library currently contains 167 representative drugs and is designed to serve as an efficient tool for drug repurposing, phenotypic screening, mechanism‑of‑action studies, and combination therapy strategy development.

Drug Repurposing Series

83
HY-L263 Energy Metabolites Library
Energy metabolism is the most fundamental biochemical process in living organisms, encompassing glycolysis, the TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, the pentose phosphate pathway, and fatty acid oxidation. These core pathways directly regulate cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of energy metabolism is closely linked to major diseases including cancer, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and ischemia‑reperfusion injury. Targeting these metabolic pathways has become a frontier in drug discovery and mechanistic research. The MCE Energy Metabolite Compound Library features 89 structurally defined small‑molecule compounds. It covers energy substrates, pathway intermediates, coenzymes and redox carriers, nucleotide derivatives, and microenvironmental modulators. This library is applicable to research areas including tumor metabolism, insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuroprotection, and cardiometabolic diseases, providing a high‑quality tool for mechanistic studies, biomarker discovery, and high‑throughput drug screening.

Signaling Pathway Targeting Libraries

83
HY-L265 Cholesterol Metabolism Compound Library
Cholesterol is a crucial lipid that maintains cell membrane structure, serves as a precursor for the synthesis of steroid hormones and bile acids, and plays an important role in cell signal transduction and membrane function regulation. Intracellular cholesterol levels are precisely controlled by multiple processes, including synthesis, uptake, transport, esterification, storage, and efflux. Dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism is closely associated with diseases such as atherosclerosis, fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome, and various cancers. The Cholesterol Metabolism Compound Library contains 558 compounds and focuses on cholesterol metabolism and homeostatic regulation. It provides an efficient tool for mechanistic studies of cholesterol metabolism and for drug discovery in metabolism‑related diseases.
83
HY-L950 7-Membered Ring Privileged Scaffold Lead-like Library
Seven-membered rings are privileged medium-sized scaffolds with distinct twist-chair conformations and greater 3D diversity than five- and six-membered rings. Their flexible conformations allow induced-fit protein binding and precise pharmacophore positioning. They also modulate Fsp³, pKa and logP to enhance solubility and permeability. Azepanes, oxepanes and benzodiazepines serve as bioisosteres for hit discovery against GPCRs, ion channels and kinases. Widely found in plant and microbial alkaloids, seven-membered heterocycles show excellent biocompatibility and target affinity. They underpin many approved drugs for CNS, cancer and infectious diseases, including diazepam, imipramine and carbamazepine. Clinical candidates further highlight their unique value. However, high transannular strain and synthetic difficulty limit their availability, leaving them rare in standard screening libraries. MCE 7 Membered Scaffold Library contains 2,792 structurally diverse, lead-like molecules covering azepanes, oxepanes, benzodiazepines and dibenzazepines. With varied substitutions, chiral centers and synthetic accessibility, it fills the shortage of medium-ring scaffolds. Ideal for HTS, virtual screening and SAR studies, these novel, patent-clear compounds offer a distinctive starting point for drug discovery in CNS disorders, oncology, antivirals and challenging targets such as PPIs.

According to Lead-like Structures

83
HY-13755 Sulforaphane
Sulforaphane is an orally active inducer of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway. Sulforaphane promotes the transcription of tumor-suppressing proteins and effectively inhibits the activity of HDACs. Through the activation of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway and further induction of HO-1 expression, Sulforaphane protects the heart. Sulforaphane suppresses high glucose-induced pancreatic cancer through AMPK-dependent signal transmission. Sulforaphane exhibits both anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties.
HDAC   Keap1-Nrf2   Apoptosis   Bcl-2 Family   Caspase   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
79
HY-B0470 Neomycin sulfate
Neomycin sulfate, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, exerts antibacterial activity through irreversible binding of the nuclear 30S ribosomal subunit, thereby blocking bacterial protein synthesis. Neomycin sulfate is a known phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor. Neomycin sulfate potently inhibits both the nuclear translocation of angiogenin and angiogenin-induced cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Neomycin sulfate inhibits IP3-mediated Ca2+ release, MgATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake, and electrical excitation-evoked skeletal muscle Ca2+ transients. Neomycin sulfate depletes gut microbiota in specific mouse models, causes hearing impairment, and kidney damage with prolonged exposure. Neomycin sulfate can be used for the research of cancer.

Source: Micromonospora species

Environmental Pollutants   Bacterial   Phospholipase   Antibiotic  
Cancer   Bacterial Infection   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Obesity  
77
HY-15149 Romidepsin
Romidepsin (FK 228) is a Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with anti-tumor activities. Romidepsin (FK 228) inhibits HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC4, and HDAC6 with IC50s of 36 nM, 47 nM, 510 nM and 1.4 μM, respectively. Romidepsin (FK 228) is produced by Chromobacterium violaceum, induces cell G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis.
HDAC   Apoptosis  
Lung Cancer   Triple-Negative Breast Cancer  
75
HY-16141 Cilengitide
Cilengitide (EMD 121974) is an integrin (integrin) inhibitor with blood-brain barrier permeability, with IC50 values against human targets as follows: 0.61 nM for αvβ3, 8.4 nM for αvβ5, 14.9 nM for α5β1, 5400 nM for αIIbβ3, 2050 nM for αvβ6, 2350 nM for αvβ8. Cilengitide inhibits the binding of integrins to vitronectin, fibronectin, fibrinogen and LAP (TGF-β), and serves as an internal standard for solid-phase integrin binding assays. Cilengitide inhibits tumor cell viability, induces apoptosis, reduces the phosphorylation levels of STAT3, AKT and mTOR, downregulates the expression of PD-L1, inhibits cell viability and angiogenesis, regulates anti-tumor immune responses and slows tumor growth. Cilengitide can be used in research related to glioblastoma, melanoma, advanced solid tumors and refractory brain tumors.
Integrin   TGF-β Receptor   Apoptosis   PD-1/PD-L1   STAT   Akt   mTOR  
Melanoma   Glioblastoma  
75
HY-10585A Valproic acid sodium
Valproic acid (Sodium Valproate) sodium is an orally active HDAC inhibitor, with IC50 in the range of 0.5 and 2 mM, also inhibits HDAC1 (IC50, 400 μM), and induces proteasomal degradation of HDAC2. Valproic acid sodium activates Notch1 signaling and inhibits proliferation in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells. Valproic acid sodium is used in the treatment of epilepsy, bipolar disorder, metabolic disease, HIV infection and prevention of migraine headaches.
Organoid   HDAC   Autophagy   Mitophagy   HIV   Notch   Apoptosis   Endogenous Metabolite  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
70
HY-10585 Valproic acid
Valproic acid (VPA) is an orally active HDAC inhibitor, with IC50 in the range of 0.5 and 2 mM. Valproic acid inhibits HDAC1 (IC50, 400 μM), and induces proteasomal degradation of HDAC2. Valproic acid activates Notch1 signaling and inhibits proliferation in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells. Valproic acid is used in the epilepsy, bipolar disorder, metabolic disease, HIV infection and prevention of migraine headaches.
Organoid   HDAC   Autophagy   Mitophagy   HIV   Notch   Apoptosis   Endogenous Metabolite  
Infection   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Respiratory Disease   Small Cell Lung Cancer  
70
HY-16950 4-Hydroxytamoxifen
4-Hydroxytamoxifen ((Z)-4-Hydroxytamoxifen) is an orally active, selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). 4-Hydroxytamoxifen ((Z)-4-Hydroxytamoxifen) is also the active metabolic form of Tamoxifen (HY-13757A) in vivo and can be used to induce gene knockout in transgenic mice expressing CreER.
Estrogen Receptor/ERR  
Breast Cancer  
59
HY-114118 Semaglutide
Semaglutide is a long-acting, selective, competitive GLP-1R agonist that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. After activating GLP-1R, Semaglutide promotes insulin secretion, inhibits gastric emptying and appetite, and at the same time enhances autophagy, inhibits oxidative stress and apoptosis. Semaglutide also regulates mitochondrial function and lipid metabolism (such as reducing de novo lipogenesis in the liver). Semaglutide has activities such as lowering blood sugar, reducing weight, neuroprotection (such as improving motor function in Parkinson's disease models, reducing α-synuclein aggregation) and improving hepatic steatosis. Semaglutide can be used for the study of neurodegenerative diseases and liver diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, Parkinson's disease, metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MASLD), and cancer.
GLP Receptor   Apoptosis   Bcl-2 Family   α-synuclein   Autophagy   Insulin Receptor   p38 MAPK  
Cancer   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
50
HY-N0193 Artesunate
Artesunate is an inhibitor of both STAT-3 and exported protein 1 (EXP1).
STAT   Ferroptosis   Parasite   Virus Protease  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Lung Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Viral Infection   Parasitic Infection   Metastatic Breast Cancer   Obesity  
43
HY-14944 Homoharringtonine
Homoharringtonine (Omacetaxine mepesuccinate;HHT) is a cytotoxic alkaloid with antitumor properties which acts by inhibiting translation elongation.
STAT  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Lung Cancer   Breast Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Obesity  
37
HY-117287 Deucravacitinib
Deucravacitinib (BMS-986165) is an orally active allosteric inhibitor of tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2), with an IC50 of 0.2 nM and a Ki of 0.02 nM against the JH2 domain of TYK2, and it exhibits selectivity over other JAK subtypes and most of the kinome. Deucravacitinib blocks IL-23, IL-12, p-STAT1/3 and Type I IFN signaling, and inhibits Th17/Th1-mediated psoriasis inflammation. Deucravacitinib can be used in research related to moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease and systemic lupus erythematosus.
JAK   STAT   Interleukin Related   IFNAR  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus   Psoriasis   Inflammatory Bowel Disease  
36
HY-B0350A Sodium butyrate
Sodium butyrate ((Butanoic acid; Butyric acid) sodium) is an orally active HDAC inhibitor. Sodium butyrate induces hyperacetylation of core histones and affects phosphorylation of H1/H2A, thereby altering chromatin structure and regulating gene expression. Sodium butyrate can be used in research related to various cancers, inflammatory bowel disease, and sickle cell anemia.
HDAC  
Cancer   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   Blood Disease  
28
HY-76847 Chenodeoxycholic Acid
Chenodeoxycholic Acid is a hydrophobic primary bile acid that activates nuclear receptors (FXR) involved in cholesterol metabolism.
FXR   Endogenous Metabolite   Autophagy  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Colorectal Cancer   Digestive System Inflammation   SARS-CoV-2 Infection  
26
HY-W011012 Adenosine 5'-monophosphate disodium
Adenosine 5'-monophosphate disodium is an orally active purine nucleotide, and participates in ATP metabolism. Adenosine 5'-monophosphate disodium is also a ligand for adenosine 2B receptor. Adenosine 5'-monophosphate disodium can activate AMPK in skeletal muscle, and ameliorates insulin resistance and impaired glucose metabolism. Adenosine 5'-monophosphate disodium can be used for research of diabetes.
Adenosine Receptor  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
22
HY-13738A Raloxifene hydrochloride
Raloxifene hydrochloride (Keoxifene hydrochloride) is a second generation selective and orally active estrogen receptor modulator. Raloxifene hydrochloride produces estrogen-agonistic effects on bone and lipid metabolism and estrogen-antagonistic effects on uterine endometrium and breast tissue.
Estrogen Receptor/ERR   Autophagy  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Breast Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Ovarian Cancer   SARS-CoV-2 Infection  
20
HY-Y0781 Pyruvic acid
Pyruvic acid is an intermediate metabolite in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Environmental Pollutants   Endogenous Metabolite  
SARS-CoV-2 Infection  
18
HY-N0035 Arctigenin
Arctigenin ((-)-Arctigenin), a biologically active lignan, can be used as an antitumor agent. Arctigenin exhibits potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiviral (influenza A virus) activities. Arctigenin can be used for the research of metabolic disorders, and central nervous system dysfunctions.
MMP   Influenza Virus   Autophagy   Apoptosis  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Pancreatic Cancer   Viral Infection   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation   Lung Fibrosis  
17
HY-N0390S1 L-Glutamine-13C5
L-Glutamine-13C5 is the 13C-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na+-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   mGluR   Ferroptosis   Environmental Pollutants   Endogenous Metabolite   HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase   mTOR   STAT   NF-κB  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
13
HY-N0640 Kuromanin chloride
Kuromanin chloride (Chrysontemin) is derived from mulberry leaves and has the effect of increasing blood sugar concentration and maintaining lipid metabolism balance to reduce obesity. Kuromanin chloride can inhibit CD38 enzymatic activities.
CD38  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Glucose Metabolism  
11
HY-W074143 Tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) dichloride
Tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) dichloride ([Ru(dpp)3]2+) is an electrochemiluminescent (ECL) probe and oxygen-sensitive sensor. Tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) dichloride can be used to modify electrode surfaces for the detection of sulfates (S2O82-) and oxalates, based on electrochemical reactions that generate excited-state species, releasing photons through irreversible redox reactions. Tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) dichloride utilizes the oxygen quenching of fluorescence mechanism, where fluorescence intensity reflects the metabolic rate of living microorganisms or oxygen levels within cells/tumors, allowing for real-time detection. Tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) dichloride's main applications include microbial detection, antibacterial activity studies, and tumor microenvironment research.
Fluorescent Dye  
Cancer  
11
HY-N2371 27-Hydroxycholesterol
27-Hydroxycholesterol (27-OHC) is a selective estrogen receptor modulator and an agonist of the liver X receptor.
Estrogen Receptor/ERR   LXR   Endogenous Metabolite  
Prostate Cancer  
10
HY-138642 Vepdegestrant
Vepdegestrant (ARV-471) is an orally active PROTAC estrogen receptor degrader against breast cancer. Vepdegestrant is a hetero-bifunctional molecule that facilitates the interactions between estrogen receptor alpha and an intracellular E3 ligase complex. Vepdegestrant leads to the ubiquitylation and subsequent degradation of estrogen receptors via the proteasome. Vepdegestrant robustly degrades ER in ER-positive breast cancer cell lines with a half-maximal degradation concentration (DC50) of about 2 nM.
PROTACs   Estrogen Receptor/ERR  
Luminal Breast Cancer  
9
HY-N0684 Vitamin K1
Vitamin K1 a naturally occurring vitamin required for blood coagulation and bone and vascular metabolism.
Others  
Cancer   Cardiovascular Disease   Glucose Metabolism  
8
HY-107632 GYY4137
GY4137 is a sustained-release H2S donor possessing vasodilatory, antihypertensive, and anti-inflammatory activities. GY4137 can inhibit cell growth, induce apoptosis, and cause cell cycle arrest by blocking the STAT3 pathway, demonstrating potent anticancer activity.
Apoptosis   STAT   NF-κB   NO Synthase   COX   TNF Receptor   Interleukin Related  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease  
8
HY-W013636C 2-Ketoglutaric acid potassium
2-Ketoglutaric acid (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid) (potassium) is an intermediate in the production of ATP or GTP in the Krebs cycle. 2-Ketoglutaric acid potassium is a reversible and orally active inhibitor of tyrosinase with an IC50 value of 15 mM. 2-Ketoglutaric acid potassium also acts as the major carbon skeleton for nitrogen-assimilatory reactions. 2-Ketoglutaric acid potassium significantly suppresses abnormal intestinal permeability, delocalization of tight junction proteins from the intestinal cells, expression of TNFα in vitro and in vivo. 2-Ketoglutaric acid potassium directly binds to TAK1, and inhibits the TRAF6-TAK1 interaction. 2-Ketoglutaric acid potassium also alleviates inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) symptoms and gut microbiota dysbiosis, evident by the improvements in the intestine length.
Tyrosinase   Endogenous Metabolite   TNF Receptor  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Prostate Cancer   Depression   Lung Fibrosis   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
7
HY-113596A Acetyl coenzyme A lithium
Acetyl-coenzyme A (Acetyl-CoA) lithium is a membrane-impermeant central metabolic intermediate, participates in the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation metabolism. Acetyl-coenzyme A lithium, regulates various cellular mechanisms by providing (sole donor) acetyl groups to target amino acid residues for post-translational acetylation reactions of proteins. Acetyl Coenzyme A lithium is also a key precursor of lipid synthesis.
Oxidative Phosphorylation   Endogenous Metabolite   Autophagy  
Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
7
HY-113325A NADP sodium hydrate
NADP sodium hydrate is the sodium salt hydrate form of NADP (HY-113325). NADP is a coenzyme involved in cellular electron transfer reactions in biological metabolism, which is alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH), and can maintain cellular redox homeostasis and regulate many biological events, including cellular metabolism. NADPH is a universal electron donor that provides reducing ability for synthetic metabolic reactions and redox balance. NADPH plays a multifunctional role in regulating inflammation, redox homeostasis, and synthetic metabolism processes.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Breast Cancer  
7
HY-N0010 Geniposidic acid
Geniposidic acid is an orally active FXR modulator and SIRT6 activator. Geniposidic acid binds to the Ser332 and His447 sites on the FXR ligand-binding domain, thereby driving nuclear translocation, coactivator recruitment, and transcription of downstream bile acid and cholesterol metabolism-related genes. Geniposidic acid improves metabolic dysfunction-related fatty liver disease by activating the SIRT6 signaling pathway. Geniposidic acid inhibits inflammation and modulates gut microbiota to alleviate colitis. Geniposidic acid can be used in research on drug-induced liver injury, inflammatory bowel disease, metabolic dysfunction-related fatty liver disease, and metabolic dysfunction-related steatohepatitis.
FXR   Sirtuin   TNF Receptor   Interleukin Related  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
7
HY-B0430A D-Pantothenic acid sodium
D-Pantothenic acid sodium (Sodium pantothenate) is an essential trace nutrient that functions as the obligate precursor of coenzyme A (CoA). D-Pantothenic acid sodium plays key roles in myriad biological processes, including many that regulate carbohydrate, lipid, protein, and nucleic acid metabolism.
Apoptosis   Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation  
7
HY-F0002A NADP disodium salt
NADP disodium salt is the disodium salt form of NADP (HY-113325). NADP is a coenzyme involved in cellular electron transfer reactions in biological metabolism, which is alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH), and can maintain cellular redox homeostasis and regulate many biological events, including cellular metabolism. NADPH is a universal electron donor that provides reducing ability for synthetic metabolic reactions and redox balance. NADPH plays a multifunctional role in regulating inflammation, redox homeostasis, and synthetic metabolism processes.

Source: Widespread

Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Breast Cancer   Oxidative Stress and Inflammation  
7
HY-113325 NADP
NADP is a coenzyme involved in cellular electron transfer reactions in biological metabolism, which is alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH), and can maintain cellular redox homeostasis and regulate many biological events, including cellular metabolism. NADPH is a universal electron donor that provides reducing ability for synthetic metabolic reactions and redox balance. NADPH plays a multifunctional role in regulating inflammation, redox homeostasis, and synthetic metabolism processes.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Breast Cancer  
7
HY-B0430 D-Pantothenic acid
D-Pantothenic acid (Pantothenate) is an essential trace nutrient that functions as the obligate precursor of coenzyme A (CoA). D-Pantothenic acid plays key roles in myriad biological processes, including many that regulate carbohydrate, lipid, protein, and nucleic acid metabolism.

Source: widespread

Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
7
HY-128851A Coenzyme A trilithium
Coenzyme A (CoASH) is a ubiquitous and essential cofactor, which is an acyl group carrier and carbonyl-activating group for the citric acid cycle and fatty acid metabolism. Coenzyme A plays a central role in the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle and the metabolism of carboxylic acids, including short- and long-chain fatty acids.
Endogenous Metabolite   Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN)  
Cancer   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
6
HY-N9933 Tauro-β-muricholic acid
Tauro-β-muricholic acid (TβMCA) is an orally active trihydroxylated bile acid and a competitive, reversible FXR antagonist (IC50=40 μM). Tauro-β-muricholic acid inhibits bile acid-induced hepatocyte apoptosis by maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential, while simultaneously inhibiting intestinal FXR signaling, affecting bile acid synthesis, hepatic lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. Accumulation of tauro-β-muricholic acid disrupts metabolic homeostasis, promoting cancer stem cell proliferation and tumor progression. The mechanisms of tauro-β-muricholic acid involve two aspects: first, inhibiting the translocation of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax to mitochondria and maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP); and second, blocking the FXR signaling pathway to regulate bile acid metabolism, reduce serum ceramide production, and downregulate the hepatic SREBP1C/CIDEA pathway. Tauro-β-muricholic acid possesses anti-hepatocyte apoptosis, bile acid homeostasis regulation, and liver fat accumulation reduction properties, and also functions as a biomarker, making it useful in the study of diseases such as bile acid metabolism disorders, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, colorectal cancer, and liver fibrosis.

Source: rat

FXR   Apoptosis  
Cancer   Digestive System Disease   Neurodegenerative Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   Obesity  
6
HY-128851B Coenzyme A sodium
Coenzyme A (CoASH) sodium is a ubiquitous and essential cofactor, which is an acyl group carrier and carbonyl-activating group for the citric acid cycle and fatty acid metabolism. Coenzyme A plays a central role in the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle and the metabolism of carboxylic acids, including short- and long-chain fatty acids.
Endogenous Metabolite   Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN)  
Cancer   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
6
HY-128851 Coenzyme A
Coenzyme A (CoASH) is a ubiquitous and essential cofactor, which is an acyl group carrier and carbonyl-activating group for the citric acid cycle and fatty acid metabolism. Coenzyme A plays a central role in the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle and the metabolism of carboxylic acids, including short- and long-chain fatty acids.
Endogenous Metabolite   Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN)  
Ovarian Cancer   Lipid Metabolism  
6
HY-N2183 Baimaside
Baimaside (Quercetin 3-O-sophoroside) is a flavonoid cholinergic function modulator that binds to SARS-CoV-2-related targets. Baimaside regulates the expression of cholinergic system-related proteins and acetylcholine levels, improves scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment, protects hippocampal neurons, inhibits pollen protein fluorescence, and protects pollen DNA. Its biosynthesis is regulated by multiple enzymes. Baimaside is completely absorbed in rats, undergoes phase Ⅱ metabolism and gut microbiota decomposition, and inhibits the invasion and proliferation of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants, making it suitable for research related to Alzheimer's disease and COVID-19.
SARS-CoV  
SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Alzheimer's Disease  
5
HY-N9965 2'-Fucosyllactose
2'-Fucosyllactose (2'-FL) is an oligosaccharide that could be derived from human milk. 2'-Fucosyllactose regulates the expression of CD14, alleviates colitis and regulates the gut microbiome. 2'-Fucosyllactose stimulates T cells to increase IFN-γ production and decreases IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α production of cytokines.

Source: Human milk

TNF Receptor   Interleukin Related  
Infection   Digestive System Disease   Prostate Cancer   Depression   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation   Lung Fibrosis   Rheumatoid Arthritis  
5
HY-112173 Prolylleucine
Prolylleucine (Z-Pro-D-Leu) is a dipeptide containing branched-chain amino acids. Prolylleucine (Z-Pro-D-Leu) can affect the circadian rhythms and behaviour of animals.
Others  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease  
4
HY-113402A Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA
Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA (γ-Glu-Cys TFA) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease.
Interleukin Related   TNF Receptor   Endogenous Metabolite   AMPK   Sirtuin   STAT   PI3K   NF-κB   JAK   p38 MAPK   JNK   Akt   Apoptosis   Ferroptosis  
Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   Alzheimer's Disease   Inflammatory Bowel Disease  
4
HY-N0390S9 L-Glutamine-15N-1
L-Glutamine-15N-1 is the 15N-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na+-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   mGluR   Ferroptosis   Environmental Pollutants   Endogenous Metabolite   HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase   mTOR   STAT   NF-κB  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
4
HY-B0923 Danthron
Danthron is a natural product extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Danthron functions in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism by activating AMPK.
AMPK   Autophagy   Bacterial   Virus Protease  
Pancreatic Cancer   Viral Infection   Bacterial Infection   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation   Glucose Metabolism   SARS-CoV-2 Infection   Obesity  
4
HY-N0390S L-Glutamine-15N
L-Glutamine-15N is the 15N-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na+-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   mGluR   Ferroptosis   Environmental Pollutants   Endogenous Metabolite   HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase   mTOR   STAT   NF-κB  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
4
HY-N7075 Inulin
Inulin is an orally active prebiotic targeting the intestinal microbiota, selectively promoting the proliferation and activity of beneficial bacteria such as bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria, and playing a role in regulating the intestinal microecology. The functions of Inulin include: Fermentation by probiotics in the colon to produce short-chain fatty acids (such as butyrate and propionate), lowering the intestinal pH and inhibiting the overgrowth of harmful bacteria; Enhancing the intestinal barrier function and reducing endotoxin translocation; Directly scavenging free radicals (such as superoxide free radicals, hydroxyl free radicals) and activating antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT) to reduce oxidative stress. Inulin can also be used in the study of intestinal diseases (constipation, IBD), metabolic syndrome (diabetes, obesity) and liver damage by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism (such as reducing triglycerides, improving insulin sensitivity) and immune response (enhancing NK cell activity, inhibiting inflammatory factors)[1][2][3][4].
Endogenous Metabolite  
Cancer   Bacterial Infection   Glucose Metabolism   Parkinson's Disease  
4
HY-113402 Gamma-glutamylcysteine
Gamma-glutamylcysteine (γ-Glu-Cys) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide. Gamma-glutamylcysteine activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease.
Endogenous Metabolite   Interleukin Related   TNF Receptor   AMPK   Sirtuin   STAT   PI3K   NF-κB   JAK   p38 MAPK   JNK   Akt   Apoptosis   Ferroptosis  
Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   Alzheimer's Disease   Inflammatory Bowel Disease  
4
HY-76082A L-Pyroglutamic acid sodium
L-Pyroglutamic acid sodium is the levo-isomer of Pyroglutamic acid. L-Pyroglutamic acid sodium is the biologically active enantiomer in humans. Pyroglutamic acid is an intermediate in glutathione metabolism. L-Pyroglutamic acid sodium can be used as a biomarker for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Endogenous Metabolite  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
3
HY-N6871 Abietic acid
Abietic acid, an orally active diterpene isolated from Colophony, displays significant anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity effect, bacteriostatic, cell cycle arresting and pro-apoptotic activities. Abietic acid inhibits lipoxygenase activity for allergy. Abietic acid enhances cell migration and tube formation in HUVECs. Abietic acid induces significant angiogenic potential, which is associated with upregulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 expression. Abietic acid attenuates sepsis-induced lung injury by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway to inhibit M1 macrophage polarization. Abietic acid exhibits a positive effect against liver injury by attenuating inflammation and ferroptosis. Abietic acid shows accelerated wound closure in a mouse model of cutaneous wounds. Abietic acid significantly reduces the proliferation and growth of NSCLC cells by IKKβ inhibition.Additionally, Abietic acid ameliorates psoriasis-like inflammation and modulates gut microbiota in mice. Abietic acid is promising for research in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), liver injury-related deseases and psoriasis.
Bacterial   IKK   Ferroptosis  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Lung Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Bacterial Infection   Obesity  
3
HY-W015346 Desaminotyrosine
Desaminotyrosine is a microbially associated metabolite protecting from influenza through augmentation of type I interferon signaling.

Source: Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Influenza Virus   Endogenous Metabolite  
Viral Infection  
3
HY-76847S Chenodeoxycholic Acid-d4
Chenodeoxycholic Acid-d4 is the deuterium labeled Chenodeoxycholic Acid. Chenodeoxycholic Acid is a hydrophobic primary bile acid that activates nuclear receptors (FXR) involved in cholesterol metabolism.
FXR   Endogenous Metabolite   Autophagy  
Cancer   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
3
HY-N0658 L-Threonine
L-Threonine is a natural amino acid, can be produced by microbial fermentation, and is used in food, medicine, or feed.
Endogenous Metabolite  
3
HY-16950A (E/Z)-4-Hydroxytamoxifen
(E/Z)-4-Hydroxytamoxifen (Afimoxifene) is a racemic compound of (Z)-4-Hydroxytamoxifen and (E)-4-Hydroxytamoxifen isomers. (E/Z)-4-Hydroxytamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator with mixed estrogenic and antiestrogenic activity, which is also an active metabolite of Tamoxifen (HY-13757A). (E/Z)-4-Hydroxytamoxifen is an agonist of the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) with relatively low affinity (100-1000 nM). (E/Z)-4-Hydroxytamoxifen is promising for research of cyclical mastalgia, such as breast pain, tenderness, and nodularity.
Estrogen Receptor/ERR   Adhesion G Protein-coupled Receptors (AGPCRs)   Drug Metabolite  
Cancer   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
3
HY-W050026 Phenylacetylglutamine
Phenylacetylglutamine is a colonic microbial metabolite from amino acid fermentation.
Endogenous Metabolite  
3
HY-D0256A Direct Black 38 free acid
Direct Black 38 (Chlorazol Black E; Ferristatin II disodium) free acid is a benzidine-based azo dye, a substrate of Enterococcus gallinarum, and is mainly used for textile dyeing. Direct Black 38 free acid is biodegradable after being reduced by microbial enzymes (such as Enterococcus gallinarum azoreductase), breaking the azo bonds and releasing benzidine and 4-aminobiphenyl. Direct Black 38 free acid can be used in environmental toxicology, wastewater treatment and carcinogenicity studies, but its metabolite benzidine is listed as a human carcinogen.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
2
HY-P1723A Spexin TFA
Spexin (Neuropeptide Q) TFA is a selective agonist of galanin receptors GAL2 and GAL3, and is a conserved peptide that functions as a neurotransmitter/neuromodulator and endocrine factor. Spexin TFA can function through both central and peripheral actions. Spexin TFA upregulates Beclin 1 to inhibit ferroptosis induced by excessive autophagy, reduces the uptake of long-chain fatty acids by adipocytes, and regulates energy metabolism by increasing lipid oxidation (e.g., reducing the respiratory exchange ratio in rodents). Spexin TFA improves cardiac function in the Doxorubicin hydrochloride (HY-15142)-induced cardiotoxicity model, protects mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduces iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Spexin TFA can be used to study obesity and its related metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases (e.g., cardioprotection), and side effects of tumor chemotherapy.
Neuropeptide Y Receptor   Apoptosis   Ferroptosis   Autophagy  
Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
2
HY-P6306A CS-6253 TFA
CS-6253 TFA is an agonist of ABCA1. CS-6253 TFA can regulate lipoprotein metabolism, promote high-density lipoprotein biogenesis, and cellular cholesterol efflux. CS-6253 TFA also has certain neuroprotective effects and can clear Aβ from the brain. CS-6253 TFA can be used for research on cholesterol metabolism and diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease.
Apolipoprotein   Amyloid-β  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
2
HY-N2024A Maltose monohydrate
Maltose monohydrate is a disaccharide composed of two glucose molecules linked together. Maltose monohydrate is an endogenous metabolic product in plants, yeast, or bacteria, and it participates in carbon source storage and metabolism. Maltose monohydrate is a key core metabolite and main transport form in the temporary starch degradation, carbon output, and subsequent sucrose synthesis metabolism of the night chloroplast. In X. dendrorhous, maltose can act as a sugar donor and is converted into isomaltulose by α-glucosidase. Maltose monohydrate can act as a osmotic agent, supporting continuous capillary ultrafiltration and preventing severe metabolic disorders.
Endogenous Metabolite   Glycosidase  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
2
HY-P1723 Spexin
Spexin (Neuropeptide Q) is a selective agonist of galanin receptors GAL2 and GAL3, and is a conserved peptide that functions as a neurotransmitter/neuromodulator and endocrine factor. Spexin can function through both central and peripheral actions. Spexin upregulates Beclin 1 to inhibit ferroptosis induced by excessive autophagy, reduces the uptake of long-chain fatty acids by adipocytes, and regulates energy metabolism by increasing lipid oxidation (e.g., reducing the respiratory exchange ratio in rodents). Spexin improves cardiac function in the Doxorubicin hydrochloride (HY-15142)-induced cardiotoxicity model, protects mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduces iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Spexin can be used to study obesity and its related metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases (e.g., cardioprotection), and side effects of tumor chemotherapy.
Neuropeptide Y Receptor   Apoptosis   Ferroptosis   Autophagy  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease  
2
HY-113121 Vanillylmandelic acid
Vanillylmandelic acid is the endproduct of epinephrine and norepinephrine metabolism. Vanillylmandelic acid can be used as an indication of the disorder in neurotransmitter metabolism as well. Vanillylmandelic acid has antioxidant activity towards DPPH radical with an IC50 value of 33 μM.
Free Radical Scavengers   Drug Metabolite   Endogenous Metabolite  
Cardiovascular Disease  
2
HY-D0256 Direct Black 38
Direct Black 38 (Chlorazol Black E) is a benzidine-based azo dye, a substrate of Enterococcus gallinarum, and is mainly used for textile dyeing. Direct Black 38 is biodegradable after being reduced by microbial enzymes (such as Enterococcus gallinarum azoreductase), breaking the azo bonds and releasing benzidine and 4-aminobiphenyl. Direct Black 38 can be used in environmental toxicology, wastewater treatment and carcinogenicity studies, but its metabolite benzidine is listed as a human carcinogen.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
2
HY-N0515 Ophiopogonin D
Ophiopogonin D can be isolated from the tubers of Ophiopogon japonicus, is a rare naturally occurring C29 steroidal glycoside. Ophiopogonin D is a CYP2J3 inducer that significantly inhibits Ang II induced NF-κB nuclear translocation, IκBα down-regulation, intracellular Ca2+ overload and activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines by increasing the expression of CYP2J2/EETs and PPARα in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Ophiopogonin D can inhibit isteoclastic differentiation in RAW264.7 cells. Ophiopogonin D has protective effect as an antioxidant in H2O2-induced endothelial injury. Ophiopogonin D blocks ERK signaling cascades. Ophiopogonin D alleviates high-fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome and changes the structure of gut microbiota in mice. Ophiopogonin D has been used against inflammatory, metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
PPAR   NF-κB   Calcium Channel   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   ERK  
Breast Cancer   Colorectal Cancer   Prostate Cancer   Liver Cancer   Leukemia/Lymphoma/Myeloma   Pancreatic Cancer   Ovarian Cancer   Depression   Pain   Digestive System Inflammation   Hypertension   Obesity  
2
HY-W050026S Phenylacetylglutamine-d5
Phenylacetylglutamine-d5 (NSC 203800-d5) is the deuterium labeled Phenylacetylglutamine (HY-W050026). Phenylacetylglutamine is a colonic microbial metabolite from amino acid fermentation.
Endogenous Metabolite   Isotope-Labeled Compounds  
2
HY-P6306 CS-6253
CS-6253 is an agonist of ABCA1. CS-6253 can regulate lipoprotein metabolism, promote high-density lipoprotein biogenesis, and cellular cholesterol efflux. CS-6253 also has certain neuroprotective effects and can clear Aβ from the brain. CS-6253 can be used for research on cholesterol metabolism and diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease.
Apolipoprotein   Amyloid-β  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
2
HY-N2024 Maltose
Maltose is a disaccharide composed of two glucose molecules linked together. Maltose is an endogenous metabolic product in plants, yeast, or bacteria, and it participates in carbon source storage and metabolism. Maltose is a key core metabolite and main transport form in the temporary starch degradation, carbon output, and subsequent sucrose synthesis metabolism of the night chloroplast. In X. dendrorhous, maltose can act as a sugar donor and is converted into isomaltulose by α-glucosidase). Maltose can act as a osmotic agent, supporting continuous capillary ultrafiltration and preventing severe metabolic disorders.
Endogenous Metabolite   Glycosidase  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
2
HY-D0300 Leucomalachite green
Leucomalachite green is the major reduced metabolite of malachite green (MG) and has lower cytotoxicity (such as HEp-2 and Caco-2) than malachite green. Leucomalachite green may be involved in interfering with cell metabolism or redox balance and can be used to evaluate its potential harm to human cells as a food contaminant.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
Cancer  
1
HY-113440 5-Methoxytryptophol
5-Methoxytryptophol is a 5-methoxyindole alcohol structurally homologous to Melatonin (HY-B0075). It is secreted by the mammalian pineal gland and exhibits an inverse circadian rhythm. 5-Methoxytryptophol regulates bone metabolism by activating the ERK1/2 pathway. It reduces the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β, as well as proteolytic enzymes MMP-1 and MMP-2, in serum and dental pulp tissues, thereby ameliorating acute pulpitis. 5-Methoxytryptophol induces rapid sleep in mice, while high doses cause respiratory depression and death. 5-Methoxytryptophol. 5-Methoxytryptophol can be used in studies related to acute pulpitis, hypnosis, and bone metabolism.
Melatonin Receptor   ERK   TNF Receptor   Interleukin Related   MMP   Endogenous Metabolite  
Digestive System Disease   Sleep-Wake Disorder   Periodontal Disease   Osteoporosis  
1
HY-N0390S5 L-Glutamine-1-13C
L-Glutamine-1-13C is the 13C-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na+-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   mGluR   Ferroptosis   Environmental Pollutants   Endogenous Metabolite   HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase   mTOR   STAT   NF-κB  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
1
HY-P2543 Neuropeptide Y (3-36) (human, rat)
Neuropeptide Y (3-36) (human, rat) is a neuropeptide Y fragment derived from humans or rats. Neuropeptide Y is an extremely abundant neurotransmitter in central and peripheral neurons, and it participates in the regulation of psychomotor activity, circadian rhythm, feeding behavior and cardiovascular function. Neuropeptide Y (3-36) (human, rat) can serve as a substrate to be sequentially degraded from its N-terminus by AfuS28, and it requires binding to AfuS28 and SedB to be decomposed into amino acids, dipeptides and tripeptides[1].
Neuropeptide Y Receptor  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Cardiovascular Disease  
1
HY-W329357 15:0 Lyso PC
15:0 Lyso PC is a lysophosphatidylcholine (Lyso PC), a product of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and is involved in cell membrane remodeling and inflammatory signaling. 15:0 Lyso PC demonstrates significant lipid metabolism disturbances in the serum with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). 15:0 Lyso PC can be used as a lipid biomarker for cardiovascular disease.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Cardiovascular Disease  
1
HY-P9929 Bezlotoxumab
Bezlotoxumab (BLA761046; MBL-CDB1; MDX-1388) is a fully humanized IgG1/kappa monoclonal antibody directed against Clostridium difficile toxin B. Bezlotoxumab mediates the early reconstitution of gut microbiota to reduce the risk of recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Bezlotoxumab can be used for the study of recurrent Clostridium difficile infection prevention.

Species: Human

Bacterial  
Clostridium Difficile Infection  
1
HY-N0468 Rebaudioside D
Rebaudioside D is an orally active sweetener that targets and activates FXR, modulates Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase, and inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase. Rebaudioside D regulates bile acid homeostasis and lipid metabolism, reduces the synthesis rates of fatty acids and cholesterol, and exerts multiple effects including anti-adipogenesis, hepatoprotection, anti-steatosis, gut microbiota modulation, enhancement of secondary bile acid metabolism, anti-endotoxin activity, regulation of bile acid transport, and inhibition of bile acid efflux. Rebaudioside D also reduces body weight gain, visceral fat accumulation, hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol accumulation, hepatic lipid peroxidation, and decreases the circulating level of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein. Rebaudioside D additionally enhances the secondary bile acid metabolic pathway of intestinal bacteria, upregulates the gene expression of ileal organic solute transporter α, and downregulates the gene expression of hepatic bile salt export pump. Rebaudioside D does not affect glucose homeostasis, alter total caloric intake or fecal energy excretion, induce weight gain, exacerbate obesity, promote hepatic steatosis, impair brown adipose tissue function, nor change skeletal muscle metabolism-related proteins. Rebaudioside D can be used in diet-induced obesity and obesity-related research.
FXR   Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase  
Obesity  
1
HY-157355 Brain Heart Infusion Broth
Brain Heart Infusion Broth (BHI) is a bacterial culture medium that can be used for microbial culture.
Biochemical Assay Reagents   Bacterial  
Infection  
1
HY-W012479 H-D-Trp-OH
H-D-Trp-OH (D-Tryptophan) is the D-isomer of tryptophan, which is occasionally found in natural peptides, such as marine toxin peptides. H-D-Trp-OH can increase intestinal microbial diversity and counteract the inhibitory effect of allergic airway inflammation on intestinal microbial diversity.
Endogenous Metabolite   Ligands for E3 Ligase  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
1
HY-N0658S6 L-Threonine-13C4
L-Threonine-13C4 is the 13C labeled L-Threonine. L-Threonine is a natural amino acid, can be produced by microbial fermentation, and is used in food, medicine, or feed.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Endogenous Metabolite  
1
HY-N0321 Caftaric acid
Caftaric acid (trans-Caftaric acid) is a polyphenolic antidiuretic, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic agent that can be hydrolyzed by intestinal microbial esterases. Caftaric acid exerts its antioxidant and potential anti-inflammatory effects mainly through intestinal microbial metabolism. Caftaric acid can reduce renal damage, restore electrolyte balance, renal function indicators and antioxidant enzyme activities in a rat albinism model, and further exert anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory activities.
Others  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Cardiovascular Disease   Parkinson's Disease  
1
HY-N0390S2 L-Glutamine-d5
L-Glutamine-d5 is the deuterium labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na+-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   mGluR   Ferroptosis   Environmental Pollutants   Endogenous Metabolite   HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase   mTOR   STAT   NF-κB  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
1
HY-Y1147 Diethyl maleate
Diethyl maleate (DEM) is an orally available, effective glutathione (GSH) depletor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Diethyl maleate covalently binds irreversibly to GSH via glutathione S-transferase with an in vitro IC50 of 0.1-0.5 mM. Diethyl maleate selectively depletes GSH in liver, lung, and brain tissues, exacerbating oxidative stress and enhancing hyperbaric oxygen toxicity. Diethyl maleate promotes precursor amino acid uptake and in turn promotes GSH synthesis by upregulating the activity of the cystine-glutamate transporter XO-. Diethyl maleate can be used to study redox homeostasis and GSH protection mechanisms in oxidative stress-related diseases such as hyperbaric oxygen injury and metabolic diseases[1][2][3].
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
1
HY-W250122 Glutamic acid sodium salt
Glutamic acid sodium salt (Monosodium glutamate) is an orally active food flavor enhancer. Glutamic acid sodium salt causes ROS generation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and Apoptosis. Glutamic acid sodium salt upregulates CHOP, Grp78, and Bcl-2. Glutamic acid sodium salt impairs cognition, induces depressive-like behavior, induces hyperalgesia, and induces obesity and insulin resistance. Glutamic acid sodium salt can be used to study neurotoxicity (e.g., brain damage, cognitive impairment), metabolic disorders (e.g., obesity, insulin resistance), hepatotoxicity, and renal toxicity, as well as pain-related disorders.
Biochemical Assay Reagents   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   Mitochondrial Metabolism   Apoptosis   HSP   Bcl-2 Family  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
1
HY-113168 Butyrylcarnitine
Butyrylcarnitine is an endogenous metabolite found in plasma. Elevated levels of Butyrylcarnitine are closely associated with abnormalities in lipid and energy metabolism. Butyrylcarnitine can serve as a diagnostic and prognostic indicator for certain diseases, such as heart failure and head and neck cancer.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Cancer   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Cardiovascular Disease  
1
HY-143712 Allolithocholic acid
Allolithocholic acid is an orally active metabolite of Lithocholic acid (HY-B0172). Allolithocholic acid is a dual GPBAR1 agonist (EC50 = 2.7 μM) and RORγt inverse agonist (IC50 = 3.4 μM). Allolithocholic acid modulates immune and metabolic pathways, regulates immune cell polarization, prevents M1 macrophage and Th17 CD4 cell polarization. Allolithocholic acid improves insulin sensitivity, reduces liver lipid accumulation, reverses liver immunological, inflammatory and metabolic signaling dysregulation, restores bile acid homeostasis, adipose tissue histopathology/function, and intestinal microbiota composition, modulates intestinal immunity. Allolithocholic acid can be used for the researches of cancer, inflammayion, immunology and metabolic disease.
Drug Metabolite   G protein-coupled Bile Acid Receptor 1   ROR  
Cancer   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
1
HY-P99590A Sotatercept (mIgG2a)
Sotatercept (mIgG2a) (RAP-011), the murine homolog of Sotatercept (ACE-011) (HY-P99590), is a soluble activin receptor type IIA (ActRIIA) ligand trap. Sotatercept (mIgG2a) inhibits the binding of activin A and other members of the TGF-β superfamily (such as Activin A/B, GDF11 and BMP9/10) to their receptors by combining and neutralizing them, thereby regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. Sotatercept (mIgG2a) mainly inhibits the SMAD2/3 signaling pathway, and can be used in various diseases such as chronic kidney disease. Sotatercept (mIgG2a) reduces the expression of erythropoietic hepcidin (ERFE), regulates iron metabolism, and promotes red blood cell production. Sotatercept (mIgG2a) has a dual effect of promoting bone formation (anabolic) and inhibiting bone resorption (catabolic).
TGF-β Receptor   TGF-beta/Smad  
Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
1
HY-W015061 Phenylacetylglycine
Phenylacetylglycine is a gut microbial metabolite that can activate β2AR. Phenylacetylglycine protects against cardiac injury caused by ischemia/reperfusion.
Adrenergic Receptor   Apoptosis   Endogenous Metabolite  
Cardiovascular Disease  
1
HY-B0172B Isolithocholic acid
Isolithocholic acid (β-Lithocholic acid) is an isomer of Lithocholic acid. Isolithocholic acid, a bile acid, is formed by microbial metabolism of Lithocholic acid or Lithocholic acid 3α-sulfate.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
1
HY-N0390S8 L-Glutamine-15N2
L-Glutamine-15N2 is the 15N-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na+-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   mGluR   Ferroptosis   Environmental Pollutants   Endogenous Metabolite   HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase   mTOR   STAT   NF-κB  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
1
HY-W012734 L-Pipecolic acid
L-Pipecolic acid (H-HoPro-OH) is an oral active metabolite of Lysine and can accumulate in the bodily fluids of infants with autosomal inherited diseases, such as Zellweger syndrome and neonatal adrenal insufficiency. L-Pipecolic acid can promote muscle cell health and growth by enhancing protein synthesis, and plays a role in promoting gut health. L-Pipecolic acid holds promise for research in the fields of metabolic disorders, muscle growth disorders, and intestinal diseases.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
1
HY-P70890 FAM3D Protein, Human (HEK293, His)
FAM3D Protein exhibits high expression in the placenta but has low expression levels in the small intestine. FAM3D Protein, Human (199a.a, HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived FAM3D protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-6*His labeled tag.

Species: Human; Source: HEK293

Cytokines and Growth Factors

1
HY-P1120A WKYMVm TFA
WKYMVm (TFA) is a selective formylpeptide receptor 2 (FPR2) agonist. WKYMVm has a powerful anti-inflammatory effect that can reduce lung injury and spinal cord injury. WKYMVm ameliorates obesity by regulating lipid metabolism and leptin signaling. WKYMVm is involved in the regulation of immune cells by activating FPRs, and WKYMVm can promote the chemotactic migration of immune cells and inhibit the apoptosis of phagocytes. In addition, WKYMVm may play a favorable or unfavorable role in tumors, depending on the type of tumor.
Formyl Peptide Receptor (FPR)   PERK   Apoptosis  
Cancer   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-136436S Ternidazole-d6 hydrochloride
Ternidazole-d6 hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Ternidazole hydrochloride (HY-136436). Ternidazole hydrochloride is a nitroimidazole Antibiotic with anti-pathogenic microbial activity. Ternidazole hydrochloride kills and inhibits the visible growth of Clostridium perfringens type A in vitro. Ternidazole hydrochloride helps improve the therapeutic efficacy against bacterial vaginosis, candidal vaginitis and mixed vaginitis. Ternidazole hydrochloride effectively alleviates chronic alcoholism. Ternidazole hydrochloride can be used in research related to vaginitis, pathogenic microbial infections and chronic alcoholism.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Drug Metabolite   Bacterial   Antibiotic   Fungal  
Digestive System Disease   Bacterial Infection   Fungal Infection   Vaginitis  
/
HY-113121S1 Vanillylmandelic acid-d1
Vanillylmandelic acid-d is the deuterium labeled Vanillylmandelic acid. Vanillylmandelic acid is the endproduct of epinephrine and norepinephrine metabolism. Vanillylmandelic acid can be used as an indication of the disorder in neurotransmitter metabolism as well. Vanillylmandelic acid has antioxidant activity towards DPPH radical with an IC50 value of 33 μM.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Endogenous Metabolite  
Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease  
/
HY-N5134S1 5'-Guanylic acid-13C10 dilithium
5'-Guanylic acid-13C10 (5'-GMP-13C10 dilithium; 5'-guanosine monophosphate-13C10) dilithium is 13C-labeled 5'-Guanylic acid (HY-N5134). 5'-Guanylic acid (5'-GMP) is involved in several metabolic disorders, including the AICA-ribosiduria pathway, adenosine deaminase deficiency, adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency (aprt), and the 2-hydroxyglutric aciduria pathway.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-157373 Bromcresol Purple Broth Base
Bromcresol Purple Broth Base can be used for microbial culture.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-D3212 Crisp-17
Crisp-17 is a monovalent copper ion probe. Crisp-17 can be used to characterize cellular phenotypes associated with copper metabolism defects. Crisp-17 is applicable to research related to Menkes disease.
Fluorescent Dye  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-D2338 PMBD
PMBD is a lysosome (Lyso)-targeting fluorescent probe. PMBD selectively and sensitively detects endogenous N-acylethanolamine amidase (NAAA), allowing real-time visual monitoring of endogenous NAAA in living cells. PMBD has a maximum absorption peak at 350 nm. After the metabolism of NAAA, the maximum absorption peak of the product AMBD shifts red to 450 nm, and a significant fluorescence emission signal appears at 550 nm .
Fluorescent Dye  
/
HY-13417S AICAR-13C2,15N
AICAR-13C2,15N (Acadesine-13C2,15N; AICA Riboside-13C2,15N) is the 13C and 15N labeled AICAR (HY-13417). AICAR (Acadesine) is an adenosine analog and a AMPK activator. AICAR regulates the glucose and lipid metabolism, and inhibits proinflammatory cytokines and iNOS production. AICAR is also an autophagy, YAP and mitophagy inhibitor.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   AMPK   YAP   Autophagy   Endogenous Metabolite   Mitophagy  
/
HY-N3686S1 D-Arabitol-13C-1
D-Arabitol-13C-1 is the 13C labeled D-Arabitol. D-Arabitol is an orally active D-enantiomer of arabitol. D-Arabitol modulates the composition of gut microbiota, increases short-chain fatty acids, and promotes AMPK-PGC-1α-related browning of white adipose tissue. D-Arabitol improves weight gain, fat accumulation, insulin resistance, lipid deposition and inflammatory responses. D-Arabitol serves as the sole carbon/energy source for Bacillus methanolicus MGA3, a strain that can co-utilize it with mannitol. D-Arabitol is applicable to obesity-related research.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   AMPK   PGC-1α  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-P11646 Brazzein
Brazzein is a functional sweetener with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergic activities.
Brazzein inhibits COX-2 with an IC50 of 12.62 μM. Brazzein exhibits strong antioxidant effects, showing ABTS radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 12.55 μM). Brazzein shows no antibacterial or antifungal activity. Brazzein can be used for the research of obesity, metabolic disorder, inflammation.
Free Radical Scavengers   COX  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-P11105 Short neuropeptide F
Short neuropeptide F is an insect neurohormone involved in regulating insect locomotor activity and circadian rhythm.
Others  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease  
/
HY-N5134S3 5'-Guanylic acid-d12 dilithium
5'-Guanylic acid-d12 (5'-GMP-d12 dilithium; 5'-guanosine monophosphate-d12) dilithium is deuterium labeled 5'-Guanylic acid (HY-N5134). 5'-Guanylic acid (5'-GMP) is involved in several metabolic disorders, including the AICA-ribosiduria pathway, adenosine deaminase deficiency, adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency (aprt), and the 2-hydroxyglutric aciduria pathway.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-N3686S D-Arabitol-13C
D-Arabitol-13C is the 13C labeled D-Arabitol. D-Arabitol is an orally active D-enantiomer of arabitol. D-Arabitol modulates the composition of gut microbiota, increases short-chain fatty acids, and promotes AMPK-PGC-1α-related browning of white adipose tissue. D-Arabitol improves weight gain, fat accumulation, insulin resistance, lipid deposition and inflammatory responses. D-Arabitol serves as the sole carbon/energy source for Bacillus methanolicus MGA3, a strain that can co-utilize it with mannitol. D-Arabitol is applicable to obesity-related research.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   AMPK   PGC-1α  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-P1278B GR 64349 acetate
GR 64349 acetate is a selective neurokinin 2 (NK2) receptor agonist. GR 64349 acetate selectively activates the NK-2 receptor subtype. GR 64349 acetate activates tonic and rhythmic bladder contractions of the micturition reflex. GR 64349 acetate does not inhibit rhythmic bladder contraction activation induced by normal saline. GR 64349 acetate induces inward currents.
Neurokinin Receptor  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Urologic Disease  
/
HY-179192 10% Egg-Yolk Solution
10% Egg-Yolk Solution can be added to Egg-Yolk Salt Agar Medium (HY-179191) or egg yolk sodium chloride agar medium for 10% NaCl egg yolk emulsion microbial susceptibility testing.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-W654296 Octocrylene-13C3
Octocrylene-13C3 is the 13C-labeled Octocrylene (HY-A0087). Octocrylene is an organic ultraviolet (UV) filter that absorbs mainly UVB radiation and shorter UVA wavelengths. Octocrylene acts as a partial agonist of PPARγ, which alters the gene transcription profile of lipid metabolism enzymes. In addition, Octocrylene is cytotoxic and genotoxic to human skin fibroblasts and mediates the biosynthesis of estrogens such as estriol in zebrafish larvae, while affecting antioxidant pathways including glutathione transferase and peroxisomes.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Biochemical Assay Reagents   Cytochrome P450   PPAR   Estrogen Receptor/ERR  
/
HY-157352 Eosin-Methylene Blue Agar
Eosin-Methylene Blue Agar (EMB Agar) is a biochemical reagent that can be used for microbial culture.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-P10536 Temporin SHF
Temporin SHF is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide that is active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and yeasts, but does not have hemolytic activity. Temporin SHF disrupts the acyl chain stacking of anionic lipid bilayers, leading to cracks and disintegration of microbial membranes. Temporin SHF can be used in the development of antimicrobial drugs.
Bacterial  
Infection  
/
HY-N3686S2 D-Arabitol-13C-2
D-Arabitol-13C-2 is the 13C labeled D-Arabitol. D-Arabitol is an orally active D-enantiomer of arabitol. D-Arabitol modulates the composition of gut microbiota, increases short-chain fatty acids, and promotes AMPK-PGC-1α-related browning of white adipose tissue. D-Arabitol improves weight gain, fat accumulation, insulin resistance, lipid deposition and inflammatory responses. D-Arabitol serves as the sole carbon/energy source for Bacillus methanolicus MGA3, a strain that can co-utilize it with mannitol. D-Arabitol is applicable to obesity-related research.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   AMPK   PGC-1α  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-126169 L-Glutamine amide
L-Glutamine amide is a metabolite involved in glutamate metabolism.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Infection  
/
HY-W768347 Xylitol-13C5
Xylitol-13C5 (Xylite-13C5) is the 13C-labeled Xylitol (HY-N0538). Xylitol can be classified as a polyol and sugar alcohol, exhibiting inhibitory activity on cancer cell proliferation. It induces autophagy (Autophagy) and cell death in A549 cells by activating the autophagy signaling pathway, as evidenced by the increased expression of LC3-II and Atg5-Atg12 upon Xylitol treatment. Additionally, Xylitol inhibits acetaldehyde production by Candida species, thereby reducing their carcinogenic potential. In vivo, Xylitol induces alterations in the gut microbiota of mice, which may enhance cholesterol accumulation and upregulate hepatic ChREBP, while also slowing tumor growth in the B16F10 melanoma C57BL/6 mouse model.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Endogenous Metabolite   Autophagy   Atg7   Bacterial   Atg8/LC3  
/
HY-W032915S 5-Phenylvaleric acid-d13
5-Phenylvaleric acid-d13 (5-Phenylpentanoic acid-d13) is the deuterium labeled 5-Phenylvaleric acid (HY-W032915). 5-Phenylvaleric acid (5-Phenylpentanoic acid) is a major metabolite produced by the gut microbiota during the metabolism of flavan-3-ols and can serve as a biomarker for flavan-3-ol intake. 5-Phenylvaleric acid can also be used as a raw material for the synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Endogenous Metabolite  
/
HY-124410S Mitoquinol-d15
Mitoquinol-d15 is deuterium labeled Mitoquinol (HY-124410). Mitoquinol is an orally active mitochondria-targeted antioxidant. Mitoquinol can regulate mitochondrial respiration and oxidation. Mitoquinol inhibits ROS production, and improves phagocytosis and glycolysis in ethanol-exposed macrophages via the HIF-1α-PFKP axis. Additionally, Mitoquinol can partially alleviate heat stress-induced decreases in growth performance, inflammatory responses, and metabolic disorders in pigs.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-P10237 Calcitonin (chicken)
Calcitonin chicken is a hormone, that regulates calcium metabolism. Calcitonin chicken suppresses the cell motility and bone resorption in neonatal rat osteoclasts.
Calcium Channel  
/
HY-P1345B [DArg10, DAla20] TLQP-21
[DArg10, DAla20] TLQP-21, TLQP-21 (HY-P1345) analogue, is a C3aR agonist (EC50: 87 nM for β-arrestin recruitment). [DArg10, DAla20] TLQP-21 elicits calcium influx. [DArg10, DAla20] TLQP-21 slightly but not significantly potentiates adrenergic-induced lipolysis. [DArg10, DAla20] TLQP-21 can be used in the research of inflammatory diseases, metabolic disorders, and neurological conditions.
Complement System   Calcium Channel   Drug Derivative  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Lipid Metabolism  
/
HY-Y1620S 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propanoic acid-d10
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propanoic acid-d10 is the deuterium labeled 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propanoic acid. 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propanoic acid is an orally active short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propanoic acid stimulates γ globin gene expression, erythropoiesis in vivo and is used for the β hemoglobinopathies and other anemias.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds  
Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease  
/
HY-W752616 1-Aminopropan-2-ol-d6
1-Aminopropan-2-ol-d6 (Monoisopropanolamine-d6) is the deuterium labeled 1-Aminopropan-2-ol (HY-W015969). 1-Aminopropan-2-ol is a microbial metabolism of amino alcohol metabolism via propionaldehyde and acetaldehyde in a species of Pseudomonas.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-N0390G L-Glutamine (GMP)
L-Glutamine GMP is L-Glutamine (HY-N0390) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na+-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity.
mTOR   NF-κB   STAT   HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Ischemic Stroke   Osteoporosis   Osteoarthritis  
/
HY-134658 Hentriacontanoic acid
Hentriacontanoic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid commonly found in various plant and animal tissues, especially in certain waxes and oils, such as beeswax and lanolin. Hentriacontanoic acid has unique chemical properties that make it an important ingredient in many industrial products, including cosmetics, candles and lubricants. It also has potential physiological roles in regulating lipid metabolism and protecting against oxidative stress, although its biological function is not fully understood.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-P1278A GR 64349 TFA
GR 64349 TFA is a selective neurokinin 2 (NK2) receptor agonist. GR 64349 TFA selectively activates the NK-2 receptor subtype. GR 64349 TFA activates tonic and rhythmic bladder contractions of the micturition reflex. GR 64349 TFA does not inhibit rhythmic bladder contraction activation induced by normal saline. GR 64349 TFA induces inward currents.
Neurokinin Receptor  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Urologic Disease  
/
HY-W134423A Agar, microbiology tested, for cell culture (granular)
Agar, microbiology tested, for cell culture (granular) is a hydrocolloid with gelling ability. Agar, microbiology tested, for cell culture (granular) can be used to prepare microbial culture media (for bacteria, yeasts and molds).
Biochemical Assay Reagents   Bacterial   Fungal  
Bacterial Infection   Fungal Infection  
/
HY-P11338 Microcyclamide
Microcyclamide (Compound 1), a cytotoxic cyclic hexapeptide, is a microbial secondary metabolite. Microcyclamide can be isolated from the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. Microcyclamide has moderate cytotoxicity against P388 murine leukemia cells with an IC50 of 1.2 μg/mL. Microcyclamide can be used for cancers research.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Cancer  
/
HY-B1812S3 Veratrole-d6
Veratrole-d6 is the deuterium labeled Veratrole. Veratrole (1,2-Dimethoxybenzene) is a key compound that widely exists in plants and attracts pollinators. The release of Veratrole has a circadian rhythm and plays an important role in plant reproduction, species differentiation, and interactions with pollinators. In addition, Veratrole can be demethylated by cytochrome P-450 in Streptomyces setonii.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Cytochrome P450  
/
HY-13771S1 Ursodeoxycholic acid-13C
Ursodeoxycholic acid-13C is the 13C labeled Ursodeoxycholic acid. Ursodeoxycholic acid (Ursodeoxycholate) is a secondary bile acid issued from the transformation of (cheno)deoxycholic acid by intestinal bacteria, acting as a key regulator of the intestinal barrier integrity and essential for lipid metabolism. Ursodeoxycholic acid acts as signaling molecule, exerting its effects by interacting with bile acid activated receptors, including G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 5 (TGR5, GPCR19) and the farnesoid X receptor (FXR). Ursodeoxycholic acid can be used for the research of a variety of hepatic and gastrointestinal diseases. Orally active.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   G protein-coupled Bile Acid Receptor 1   FXR   Endogenous Metabolite  
Cancer  
/
HY-N20540 Spinach extract
Spinach extract is an extract from spinach (Spinacia oleracea) that has beneficial effects on gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids.
Bacterial  
Infection  
/
HY-144024S 5-PAHSA-d9
5-PAHSA-d9 is the deuterium labeled 5-PAHSA (HY-116193). 5-PAHSA is a kind of anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic lipokines that connect glucose and lipid metabolism.
Biochemical Assay Reagents   Isotope-Labeled Compounds  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-167819 D-Erythro-sphingosyl phosphoinositol
D-Erythro-sphingosyl phosphoinositol is a lipid nanoparticle covalently linked to an antibody with potential activity in targeted compound delivery. D-Erythro-sphingosyl phosphoinositol can enhance the accumulation of compounds in specific cell types. D-Erythro-sphingosyl phosphoinositol may be used as a ligand to enhance the effect of antibodies in immunosuppression. D-Erythro-sphingosyl phosphoinositol can also be used to study the mechanisms related to cell signaling and lipid metabolism.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-10585AG Valproic acid sodium (GMP)
Valproic acid (Sodium Valproate) sodium is an orally active HDAC inhibitor, with IC50 in the range of 0.5 and 2 mM, also inhibits HDAC1 (IC50, 400 μM), and induces proteasomal degradation of HDAC2. Valproic acid sodium activates Notch1 signaling and inhibits proliferation in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells. Valproic acid sodium is used in the treatment of epilepsy, bipolar disorder, metabolic disease, HIV infection and prevention of migraine headaches.
Organoid   HDAC   Autophagy   Mitophagy   HIV   Notch   Apoptosis   Endogenous Metabolite  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-153476 GIP/GLP-1 dual receptor agonist-1
GIP/GLP-1 dual receptor agonist-1 is a GIP/GLP-1 dual receptor agonist. GIP/GLP-1 dual receptor agonist-1 is used in the research of metabolic disorders and fatty liver diseases, including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
GCGR   GLP Receptor  
Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation  
/
HY-B1095S2 Chlormadinone acetate-d3
Chlormadinone acetate-d3 is the deuterium labeled Chlormadinone acetate (HY-B1095). Chlormadinone acetate is a progestogen with potent progestogenic activity and antiandrogenic effects. Chlormadinone acetate acts on glucocorticoid receptor, progesterone receptor, androgen receptor, and GABAA receptor. Chlormadinone acetate induces endometrial proliferation in estrogen-pretreated rabbits, inhibits testosterone-stimulated growth of the prostate and seminal vesicles in castrated rats, and reduces the thymus and adrenal weights in juvenile rats. Chlormadinone acetate is applicable to research related to diseases such as depression and reproductive metabolic disorders.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Progesterone Receptor  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-P2152A Antho-RPamide II hydrochloride
Antho-RPamide II hydrochloride is a bioactive neuropeptide. Antho-RPamide II hydrochloride can be isolated for the sea anemone Anthopleura elegantissima. Antho-RPamide II hydrochloride inhibits the spontaneous, rhythmic contractions in tentacle longitudinal muscle fibers of sea anemones.
Others  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease  
/
HY-P3147 IYPTNGYTR
IYPTNGYTR, a deamidation-sensitive signature peptide, is a deamidation product of Trastuzumab. IYPTNGYTR can be used to monitor in vivo Trastuzumab metabolism.
Drug Metabolite  
/
HY-P5020 Crotalicidin
Crotalicidin is an antimicrobial peptide and anti-tumor peptide that can effectively inhibit the activity of Gram-negative bacteria and tumor cells. Crotalicidin can be obtained from rattlesnake venom. Crotalicidin can be used in the study of microbial infections and cancer.
Bacterial  
Infection  
/
HY-134422 Isobutyryl coenzyme A lithium
Isobutyryl coenzyme A (Isobutyryl CoA) lithium is A coenzyme A involved in the metabolic pathway of fatty acids. Isobutyryl coenzyme A lithium is made by combining isobutyric acid (short chain branched fatty acid) with coenzyme A.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-B1812R Veratrole (Standard)
Veratrole (Standard) is the analytical standard of Veratrole. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Veratrole (1,2-Dimethoxybenzene) is a key compound that widely exists in plants and attracts pollinators. The release of Veratrole has a circadian rhythm and plays an important role in plant reproduction, species differentiation, and interactions with pollinators. In addition, Veratrole can be demethylated by cytochrome P-450 in Streptomyces setonii.
Reference Standards   Cytochrome P450  
/
HY-P2083 WWamide-2
WWamide-2 is a neuropeptide, which can be isolated form Achatina fulica. WWamide-2 inhibits the rhythmic contraction of anterior byssus retractor muscle (ABRM).
Others  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease  
/
HY-P10910 Vensemaglutide
Vensemaglutide is the agonist for glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor. Vensemaglutide can be used in research of diabetes or other metabolic disorders.
GLP Receptor  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-W010516R 2-Methylvaleric acid (Standard)
2-Methylvaleric acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 2-Methylvaleric acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 2-Methylvaleric acid is a branched short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) produced by the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids by gut microbes. 2-Methylvaleric acid can be used as a potential biomarker for metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, and its content is significantly reduced in the feces of diabetic mice. 2-Methylvaleric acid may regulate host energy metabolism and inflammatory response through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) or histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition. 2-Methylvaleric acid can be used to study gut microbe-host interactions and metabolic diseases as a fecal biomarker[1][2].
Reference Standards   Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-N1964A Gibberellic acid, suitable for plant cell culture
Gibberellic acid, suitable for plant cell culture (GA3, suitable for plant cell culture) is a natural plant growth regulator with oral bioactivity. Gibberellic acid, suitable for plant cell culture governs multiple plant developmental events, including seed germination, cell elongation, floral organ formation, and rice spikelet fertility. Gibberellic acid, suitable for plant cell culture optimizes root morphology and secondary metabolite production in Echinacea purpurea hairy roots, and serves as a bioactive seed priming agent to improve chilling stress tolerance in chickpea. Gibberellic acid, suitable for plant cell culture mediates modulation of enzyme activity and secondary metabolism in plants and exerts tissue-specific regulatory effects on antioxidant systems and lipid peroxidation in rats. Gibberellic acid, suitable for plant cell culture can be used in studies of plant growth, metabolism, and abiotic stress responses.
Plant Growth Regulators   Drug Derivative  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-143712S1 Allolithocholic Acid-d4
Allolithocholic Acid-d4 (3α-hydoxy-5α-Cholaoic Acid-d4, allo-LCA-d4) is deuterium labeled Allolithocholic acid (HY-143712). Allolithocholic acid is an orally active metabolite of Lithocholic acid (HY-B0172). Allolithocholic acid is a dual GPBAR1 agonist (EC50 = 2.7 μM) and RORγt inverse agonist (IC50 = 3.4 μM). Allolithocholic acid modulates immune and metabolic pathways, regulates immune cell polarization, prevents M1 macrophage and Th17 CD4 cell polarization. Allolithocholic acid improves insulin sensitivity, reduces liver lipid accumulation, reverses liver immunological, inflammatory and metabolic signaling dysregulation, restores bile acid homeostasis, adipose tissue histopathology/function, and intestinal microbiota composition, modulates intestinal immunity. Allolithocholic acid can be used for the researches of cancer, inflammayion, immunology and metabolic disease.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Drug Metabolite   G protein-coupled Bile Acid Receptor 1   ROR  
Cancer   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-B0549S Flavoxate-d5
Flavoxate-d5 is deuterium labeled Flavoxate. Flavoxate hydrochloride (Rec-7-0040; DW61) is an orally active L-type Ca2+ channel inhibitor and antispasmodic. Flavoxate hydrochloride inhibits cyclic adenosine monophosphate production by blocking voltage-dependent inward Ba2+ currents, regulating the brainstem micturition center, and stimulating G protein-coupled receptors. Consequently, Flavoxate hydrochloride induces relaxation of bladder smooth muscle and inhibits isovolumetric rhythmic contractions. Flavoxate hydrochloride effectively increases bladder capacity and alleviates symptoms of urgent urination frequency and pollakiuria caused by overactive bladder. Flavoxate hydrochloride can be used in research on overactive bladder and related voiding dysfunctions.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   mAChR   Calcium Channel   Adrenergic Receptor   Adenosine Receptor   Dopamine Receptor  
/
HY-P10985 CTX-1211
CTX-1211 is a selective, orally effective melanocortin MC4R agonist (EC50=0.38 nM). CTX-1211 can enhance the feeding suppression and weight loss effects induced by liraglutide (HY-P0014), and promote anorexia and weight loss activity. CTX-1211 is mainly used in the study of obesity and other metabolic disorders.
Melanocortin Receptor  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-P10352 Pediocin PA 1
Pediocin PA 1 is a class IIa bacteriocin that specifically binds to membrane proteins of susceptible Gram-positive bacteria (such as Listeria monocytogenes) to form voltage-independent hydrophilic pores, leading to dissipation of proton motive force, ATP depletion and cell death. Pediocin PA 1 shows no significant activity against intact Gram-negative bacteria, strains carrying immunity genes and obligate anaerobic commensal gut microbiota, and its bactericidal function depends on the integrity of disulfide bonds, with activity lost upon reduction. Pediocin PA 1 can be used not only as a food biopreservative but also for research on listeriosis.
Bacterial  
Bacterial Infection  
/
HY-P5288 BMAP-28
BMAP-28 is an antibiotic peptide and an inducer of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. BMAP-28 induces cell death through opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. BMAP-28 can be used in study of microbial infections and cancer.
Antibiotic  
Cancer   Infection  
/
HY-P2085 WWamide-3
WWamide-3 is a neuropeptide, which can be isolated form Achatina fulica. WWamide-3 inhibits the rhythmic contraction of anterior byssus retractor muscle (ABRM).
Others  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease  
/
HY-131306B 2-Hexadecenoic acid
2-Hexadecenoic acid is a natural unsaturated fatty acid. It is ubiquitously present in various animal and plant tissues, especially adipose tissue and certain vegetable oils, such as macadamia nut oil. 2-Hexadecenoic acid has unique chemical properties that make it an important component of cell membranes and storage lipids, and participates in various metabolic processes such as lipid metabolism and inflammation. It's also been linked to potential health benefits, including improved insulin sensitivity and a lower risk of heart disease.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-P11149 Human Defensin-5 (1-9)
Human Defensin-5 (1-9) is an orally active antimicrobial peptide. Human Defensin-5 (1-9) can inhibit metabolic disorders induced by Western-style diet (WSD) or Western-style diet with fructose (WSDF). Human Defensin-5 (1-9) enhances intestinal barrier function by upregulating the gene expression of ileal tight junction protein and mucins. Human Defensin-5 (1-9) can be used for the study of obesity and related metabolic diseases.
Bacterial  
Infection   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-107413G SR11237 (GMP)
SR11237 GMP is SR11237 (HY-107413) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. SR11237 is a RXR activator and lipid metabolism regulator that promotes the differentiation of induced neural stem cells into dopaminergic (TH-positive) neurons. SR11237 induces transcriptional regulation of lipogenic genes and cholesterol transporters, increases glycosaminoglycan release, and elevates total cellular triglyceride levels. SR11237 promotes heterodimerization of RXR with Nurr1, thereby enhancing tyrosine hydroxylase expression and facilitating dopamine release. SR11237 produces a synergistic effect when used in combination with bFGF/EGF. SR11237 is mainly used in studies related to osteoarthritis and Parkinson's disease.
RAR/RXR   Tyrosine Hydroxylase  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Parkinson's Disease   Osteoarthritis  
/
HY-NP195 Osteocalcin protein (Cow)
Osteocalcin protein (Cow) is the most abundant non-collagenous protein in bone and plays an important role in bone metabolism.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-A0213AS Tiludronate-d5 sodium
Tiludronate-d5 (sodium)mis the deuterium labeled Tiludronate disodium. Tiludronate (Tiludronic Acid) disodium, an orally active bisphosphonate, can act an osteoregulator. Tiludronate is used for the research of the metabolic bone disorders. Tiludronate is a potent inhibitor of the osteoclast vacuolar H(+)-ATPase. Antiresorptive and anti-inflammatory properties.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Proton Pump  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-136933R Gitoxin (Standard)
Gitoxin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Gitoxin (HY-136933). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Gitoxin is a degradation metabolite of Digitoxin (HY-B1357) and a non-competitive Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor, with an IC50 of 1.18e-6 M against the porcine high-affinity subtype and an IC50 of 2.85e-5 M against the porcine low-affinity subtype. Gitoxin regulates atrial contractility and rhythmicity. Gitoxin is applicable to research related to congestive heart failure.
Reference Standards   Na+/K+ ATPase  
Heart Failure  
/
HY-N0658S4 L-Threonine-15N,d5
L-Threonine-15N,d5 is the deuterium and 15N-labeled L-Threonine. L-Threonine is a natural amino acid, can be produced by microbial fermentation, and is used in food, medicine, or feed.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Endogenous Metabolite  
/
HY-B1812S2 Veratrole-d10
Veratrole-d10 is the deuterium labeled Veratrole. Veratrole (1,2-Dimethoxybenzene) is a key compound that widely exists in plants and attracts pollinators. The release of Veratrole has a circadian rhythm and plays an important role in plant reproduction, species differentiation, and interactions with pollinators. In addition, Veratrole can be demethylated by cytochrome P-450 in Streptomyces setonii.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Cytochrome P450  
/
HY-P11358 IRW
IRW is an orally active tripeptide produced from egg white with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory properties. IRW can prevent high-fat diet (HFD)-induced Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by modulating hepatic lipid metabolism and increasing mitochondrial content. IRW decreases hepatic triglyceride content and lipid droplet size. IRW increases the hepatic mitochondrial complexes and citrate synthase activity, phosphorylation of 5’-AMP-activated protein kinase and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein abundance. IRW increases phosphorylated acetyl CoA carboxylase and mitochondrial complexes, IRW can be used for the research of inflammation.
Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE)   Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase   Mitochondrial Metabolism  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-P991432 VTX-0811
VTX-0811 is a human IgG4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting PSGL1/CD162. VTX-0811 up-regulates TNF-α/NF-κB and chemokine-mediated signaling and down-regulates oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid metabolism, and Myc signaling pathways. VTX-0811 increases the proportion of CD8+ T cells among infiltrating T cells. VTX-0811 has antitumor activity in a humanized mouse PDX model of melanoma.

Species: Human

TNF Receptor   NF-κB   c-Myc  
Cancer  
/
HY-N2024B Maltose solution, 20% in H2O
Maltose solution, 20% in H2O is a 20% aqueous maltose solution. Maltose is a disaccharide composed of two glucose molecules linked together. Maltose is an endogenous metabolic product in plants, yeast, or bacteria, and it participates in carbon source storage and metabolism. Maltose is a key core metabolite and main transport form in the temporary starch degradation, carbon output, and subsequent sucrose synthesis metabolism of the night chloroplast. In X. dendrorhous, maltose can act as a sugar donor and is converted into isomaltulose by α-glucosidase. Maltose can act as a osmotic agent, supporting continuous capillary ultrafiltration and preventing severe metabolic disorders.
Endogenous Metabolite   Glycosidase  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-N10618 Epilactose
Epilactose is an orally active prebiotic disaccharide. Epilactose resists gastrointestinal digestion, stimulates the intestinal epithelium, and induces myosin regulatory light chain phosphorylation, activating the perijunctional actin-myosin ring and paracellular transport. Epilactose produces short-chain fatty acids and organic acids through cecal microbial fermentation, induces paracellular calcium and iron absorption, lowers cecal pH, and increases cecal calcium and magnesium solubility. Epilactose inhibits hepatic cholesterol synthesis. Epilactose can be used for research on osteopenia, colon cancer, Crohn's disease, post-gastrectomy osteopenia and anemia, and obesity.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
Colorectal Cancer   Blood Disease   Obesity   Osteoporosis  
/
HY-P11608 FSVVPSPK
FSVVPSPK is an orally active peptide. FSVVPSPK exerts significant anti-adipogenic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo, mainly through activating the HO-1/Nrf2 pathway. FSVVPSPK can be used in research related to obesity and metabolic disorders.
Heme Oxygenase (HO)   Keap1-Nrf2   Interleukin Related   PPAR   AMPK   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Obesity  
/
HY-157347 Yeast Nitrogen Base Medium
Yeast Nitrogen Base Medium (YNB Medium) is a yeast-specific medium. Yeast Nitrogen Base Medium can be used for microbial culture. The composition of 100 mL of the medium is as follows: 6.7 g Yeast Nitrogen Base Medium and 5 g D-Glucose (HY-B0389) or other carbohydrates.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-21191S Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid-13C3 sodium
Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid-13C3 sodium (PFBS-13C3 sodium) is the 13C-labeled Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (HY-21191). Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS) is a short-chain perfluoroalkyl substance and the main replacement for perfluorooctanesulfonic acid. Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid induces fat accumulation in human HepG2 hepatoma cells. Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid promotes lipid accumulation by activating PPARγ pathway and triggering oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress and calcium dyshomeostasis. Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid impairs reproduction and causes developmental disorders in offspring of Caenorhabditis elegans. Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid disrupts pancreatic organogenesis and lipid homeostasis in zebrafish embryos. Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid can be used in environmental toxicology, lipid metabolism and developmental toxicity studies.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Biochemical Assay Reagents   PPAR   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Lung Cancer   Bacterial Infection   Lipid Metabolism  
/
HY-P6177 SGP8
SGP8 (IAVPGEVA) is an octapeptide produced by hydrolysis of soybean 11S globulin, which has the effects of regulating lipid metabolism, inflammation and fibrosis. SGP8 (IAVPGEVA) exhibits inhibitory activity against DPP4 and inhibits the JNK-c-Jun signaling pathway, and has the ability to inhibit non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).
Dipeptidyl Peptidase  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-P3388 Utreglutide
Utreglutide is an effective glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist. Utreglutide can lower blood pressure, blood lipids and body weight, and improve cardiovascular metabolism. Utreglutide can be used for research on type 2 diabetes or non-type 2 diabetes obesity.
GLP Receptor  
Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-P10455 Cys-Pexiganan TFA
Cys-Pexiganan TFA is an amphiphilic antimicrobial peptide. Cys-Pexiganan TFA exhibits antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with MIC of 16 μg/mL and 64.0 μg/mL. Cys-Pexiganan TFA interacts with anionic phospholipids and DNA of microbial cell membranes, disintegrates the cells and leads to cell death.
Bacterial  
/
HY-76847S1 Chenodeoxycholic Acid-d9
Chenodeoxycholic Acid-d9 is the deuterium labeled Chenodeoxycholic Acid. Chenodeoxycholic Acid is a hydrophobic primary bile acid that activates nuclear receptors (FXR) involved in cholesterol metabolism.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   FXR   Endogenous Metabolite   Autophagy  
Cancer   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-131557 O-Deacetylravidomycin
O-Deacetylravidomycin, a microbial metabolite discovered in Streptomyces, is an antibiotic. O-Deacetylravidomycin exhibits light-dependent antibacterial and anticancer activities.
Antibiotic   Bacterial  
/
HY-P0245 Speract
Speract, a sea urchin egg peptide that regulates sperm motility, also stimulates sperm mitochondrial metabolism.
Mitochondrial Metabolism  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-W770183 Uric acid-13C3
Uric acid-13C3 is 13C-labeled Uric acid (HY-B2130). Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism in the human body. Uric acid can scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as singlet oxygen and peroxynitrite, and inhibit lipid peroxidation.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds  
/
HY-152007S Butyrylcarnitine-d3 hydrochloride
Butyrylcarnitine-d3 hydrochloride is deuterium labeled Butyrylcarnitine (HY-113168). Butyrylcarnitine is an endogenous metabolite found in plasma. Elevated levels of Butyrylcarnitine are closely associated with abnormalities in lipid and energy metabolism. Butyrylcarnitine can serve as a diagnostic and prognostic indicator for certain diseases, such as heart failure and head and neck cancer.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Endogenous Metabolite  
Cancer   Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-B1858S Isoprothiolane-d4
Isoprothiolane-d4 is the deuterium labeled Isoprothiolane (HY-B1858). Isoprothiolane is a blast fungicide with antifungal, anti-inflammatory and insecticidal activities. Isoprothiolane primarily acts on fungi during the penetration and growth stages of infecting hyphae. Isoprothiolane can be used as an insecticide, pesticide, etc. In addition, Isoprothiolane can reduce serum phospholipid and total lipid concentrations, regulating lipid metabolism. Isoprothiolane is also used in the research of fatty liver.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Fungal   Interleukin Related   Parasite  
Infection   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-N17685 Pseudoginsenoside RT4
Pseudoginsenoside RT4 is an orally active anti-inflammatory agent. Pseudoginsenoside RT4 can be isolated from Panax pseudoginseng subsp. Himalaicus, Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv, and Panax quinquefolius L. Pseudoginsenoside RT4 reduces the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, elevates the level of IL-10, improves the histopathological features of colon tissue, maintains the ultrastructure of colonic epithelium, protects the integrity of cell monolayers, increases the expression of tight junction proteins, raises the total content of short-chain fatty acids, corrects intestinal flora disorder, reduces the disease activity index score, restores colon length, and decreases the spleen index. Pseudoginsenoside RT4 exhibits hepatoprotective effects. Pseudoginsenoside RT4 can be used in studies related to ulcerative colitis.
Interleukin Related   Bacterial   TNF Receptor  
Liver Disease   Colitis  
/
HY-N8466 (-)-Lyoniresinol 9'-O-glucoside
(-)-Lyoniresinol 9'-O-glucoside is an inhibitor of ROS. (-)-Lyoniresinol 9'-O-glucoside reduces lipid accumulation and lipid metabolic disorders in FFAs-exposed HepG2 cells. (-)-Lyoniresinol 9'-O-glucoside inhibits high glucose-induced reactive oxygen species production.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-B1812S4 Veratrole-d2-1
Veratrole-d2-1 is the deuterium labeled Veratrole (HY-B1812). Veratrole (1,2-Dimethoxybenzene) is a key compound that widely exists in plants and attracts pollinators. The release of Veratrole has a circadian rhythm and plays an important role in plant reproduction, species differentiation, and interactions with pollinators. In addition, Veratrole can be demethylated by cytochrome P-450 in Streptomyces setonii.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Cytochrome P450  
/
HY-N11785 Glyceollin I
Glyceollin I is a selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulator with anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Glyceollin I is promising for research of estrogen-related cancers (e.g., breast, ovarian) and metabolic disorders (e.g., hypercholesterolemia).
Estrogen Receptor/ERR  
Cancer   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-133890AS Tauro-α-muricholic acid-d4 sodium
Tauro-α-muricholic acid-d4 (sodium) is the deuterium labeled Tauro-α-muricholic acid sodium (HY-133890A). Tauro-α-muricholic acid sodium (T-α-MCA sodium) is a Taurine (HY-B0351)-conjugated primary Bile acid. Tauro-α-muricholic acid sodium is a FXR antagonist with an IC50 of  28 µM. Tauro-α-muricholic acid sodium attenuates other bile acid-activated FXR signaling. Tauro-α-muricholic acid sodium can be used in the research of Alzheimer's disease, glucose metabolism, and lipid metabolism.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Endogenous Metabolite   FXR  
Glucose Metabolism   Lipid Metabolism   Alzheimer's Disease  
/
HY-P1724 Neomyosuppressin
Neomyosuppressin (Dromyosuppressin) is a myosuppressive peptide. Neomyosuppressin is isolable from head extracts of Neobellieria bullata, as well as the brains and intestines of Drosophila melanogaster. Neomyosuppressin inhibits spontaneous visceral muscle movements of isolated insect hindguts and oviducts, as well as contractions of various insect visceral muscles. Neomyosuppressin slows the heart rate of adult and pupal Drosophila without altering rhythmicity.
Others  
Heart Disease   Muscle Disease  
/
HY-D2414 SCOTfluor-89
SCOTfluor-89 is a small, conjugatable, orthogonal and multi-colored fluorophores for in vivo imaging of cell metabolism.
Fluorescent Dye  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-D2921 BODIPY-FL-Vindoline
BODIPY-FL-Vindoline is a high-affinity fluorescent probe for the pregnane X receptor (PXR), with a Kd of 256 nM. BODIPY-FL-Vindoline can be used in the research of drug metabolism and drug-drug interactions.
Others  
/
HY-N13366 3-Methylcrotonyl CoA
3-Methylcrotonyl CoA is a key metabolic intermediate in the leucine degradation pathway, converted to 3-Methylglutaconyl CoA by 3-Methylcrotonyl CoA Carboxylase. Normally, 3-Methylglutaconyl CoA is catalyzed by 3-Methylglutaconyl-CoA Hydratase into 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG CoA). However, mutations in 3-Methylglutaconyl-CoA Hydratase lead to the accumulation of 3-Methylglutaconyl CoA, causing metabolic disorders associated with 3MGA-uria. 3-Methylcrotonyl CoA is useful for research into metabolic diseases related to the leucine degradation pathway.
Drug Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-113440R 5-Methoxytryptophol (Standard)
5-Methoxytryptophol (Standard) is the analytical standard of 5-Methoxytryptophol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 5-Methoxytryptophol is a 5-methoxyindole alcohol structurally homologous to Melatonin (HY-B0075). It is secreted by the mammalian pineal gland and exhibits an inverse circadian rhythm. 5-Methoxytryptophol regulates bone metabolism by activating the ERK1/2 pathway. It reduces the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β, as well as proteolytic enzymes MMP-1 and MMP-2, in serum and dental pulp tissues, thereby ameliorating acute pulpitis. 5-Methoxytryptophol induces rapid sleep in mice, while high doses cause respiratory depression and death. 5-Methoxytryptophol. 5-Methoxytryptophol can be used in studies related to acute pulpitis, hypnosis, and bone metabolism.
Reference Standards   Melatonin Receptor   MMP   Endogenous Metabolite   ERK   Interleukin Related   TNF Receptor  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-B0549AS Flavoxate-d4 hydrochloride
Flavoxate-d4 hydrochloride (Rec-7-0040-d4) is the deuterium labeled Flavoxate hydrochloride. Flavoxate hydrochloride (Rec-7-0040; DW61) is an orally active L-type Ca2+ channel inhibitor and antispasmodic. Flavoxate hydrochloride inhibits cyclic adenosine monophosphate production by blocking voltage-dependent inward Ba2+ currents, regulating the brainstem micturition center, and stimulating G protein-coupled receptors. Consequently, Flavoxate hydrochloride induces relaxation of bladder smooth muscle and inhibits isovolumetric rhythmic contractions. Flavoxate hydrochloride effectively increases bladder capacity and alleviates symptoms of urgent urination frequency and pollakiuria caused by overactive bladder. Flavoxate hydrochloride can be used in research on overactive bladder and related voiding dysfunctions.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   mAChR   Calcium Channel   Adrenergic Receptor   Adenosine Receptor   Dopamine Receptor  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease  
/
HY-N2024AS2 Maltose monohydrate-13C
Maltose monohydrate-13C is the 13C labeled isotope of Maltose monohydrate. Maltose monohydrate is a disaccharide composed of two glucose molecules linked together. Maltose monohydrate is an endogenous metabolic product in plants, yeast, or bacteria, and it participates in carbon source storage and metabolism. Maltose monohydrate is a key core metabolite and main transport form in the temporary starch degradation, carbon output, and subsequent sucrose synthesis metabolism of the night chloroplast. In X. dendrorhous, maltose can act as a sugar donor and is converted into isomaltulose by α-glucosidase. Maltose monohydrate can act as a osmotic agent, supporting continuous capillary ultrafiltration and preventing severe metabolic disorders.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Glycosidase   Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-D2911 Pantetheine probe PP-3
Pantetheine probe PP-3 (Compound PP-3) is an alkynyl group connector probe. Pantetheine probe PP-3 selectively enriches and maps modification sites (e.g., Ser231 on DHRS2). Pantetheine probe PP-3 is promising for research of metabolic disorders (e.g., fatty acid synthesis dysregulation).
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-W060216 N-Acetyl-DL-penicillamine
2-Acetamido-3-methyl-3-sulfanylbutanoic acid is an organic compound that belongs to the class of amino acids. It is a derivative of methionine, an essential amino acid commonly found in various foods. 2-Acetamido-3-methyl-3-sulfanylbutanoic acid contains a thiol group and an acetamido group at specific positions in the amino acid chain. It has various applications in the food industry, especially as a flavor enhancer and umami seasoning. Additionally, it has potential research utility in liver disease and other metabolic disorders.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-121892 (Z)-KC02
(Z)-KC02 is an inhibitor of ABHD16A, the phosphatidylserine (PS) lipase that produces lyso-PS. Lysophosphatidylserine (lyso-PS) is a signaling lipid that regulates immune and neurological processes. It is associated with several neurological disorders such as retinitis pigmentosa and cataracts (PHARC). (Z)-KC02 depletes lyso-PS in lymphoblasts from PHARC subjects. (Z)-KC02 also reduces lyso-PS and lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine production in macrophages and modulates lyso-PS metabolism in vivo.
TNF Receptor  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease  
/
HY-D1621 3-NBD-C12 Cholesterol
C-12 NBD cholesterol is a cholesterol derivative with a hydrophilic fluorophore tag (NBD: Ex=465 nm, Em=535 nm). C-12 NBD cholesterol can be used to study the utilization and metabolism of cholesterol.
Fluorescent Dye  
/
HY-B1145S Chlorhexidine-d8 dihydrochloride
Chlorhexidine-d8 (dihydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (HY-B1145). Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is a orally active cationic antimicrobial agent that targets microbial cell membranes. Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride binds to cell membrane phospholipids non-specifically, destroys membrane structure and induces leakage of cell contents. Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride can interfere with membrane permeability, cause protein precipitation and energy metabolism disorders, such as rapid inhibition of microbial growth and induction of cell death (necrosis or apoptosis).
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Antibiotic   Bacterial   Necroptosis   Apoptosis  
Infection  
/
HY-113328S1 Aminoadipic acid-d6
Aminoadipic acid-d6 is deuterated labeled Aminoadipic acid (HY-113328). Aminoadipic acid is an intermediate in the metabolism of lysine and glycopurine.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds  
/
HY-Y1322S Triphenyl phosphate-d15
Triphenyl phosphate-d15 is the deuterium labeled Triphenyl phosphate. Triphenyl phosphate is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable aryl organophosphate flame retardant and endocrine disruptor. Triphenyl phosphate disrupts mitochondrial dynamic balance through oxidative stress, induces excessive mitophagy and apoptosis, and ultimately leads to myocardial fibrosis. In the brain, Triphenyl phosphate activates the NF-κB inflammatory pathway by disrupting the gut microbiota, alters tryptophan metabolism and elevates neurotoxins, thereby inducing anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. In the skeletal and reproductive systems, Triphenyl phosphate inhibits osteoblast differentiation and induces germ cell apoptosis by suppressing the MAPK/ERK pathway and activating the JNK signal, respectively. In adipose and placental tissues, Triphenyl phosphate promotes lipid accumulation by activating the PI3K/AKT-PPARγ axis, and disrupts placental metabolism via the MAOA/ROS/NF-κB cascade, impairing neurodevelopment of offspring.
JNK   Apoptosis   Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO)   Akt   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   PPAR   ERK   NF-κB   Mitophagy   PI3K   Environmental Pollutants   p38 MAPK   Monoamine Oxidase  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Urogenital Disease  
/
HY-P4256 Arg-Glu
Arg-Glu is a polypeptide identified through polypeptide screening. Arg-Glu is a small peptide generated from protein degradation or metabolism.
Others  
/
HY-P1513 LL-37 scrambled peptide
LL-37 scrambled peptide is a scrambled version of cathelicidin anti-microbial peptide LL-37. LL-37 scrambled peptide can be used as a negative control of LL-37 peptide studies.
Bacterial  
Infection  
/
HY-134129A Benzoyl coenzyme A trilithium
Benzoyl coenzyme A trilithium is an intermediate of the CoA-dependent epoxide pathway. Benzoyl coenzyme A trilithium can be used to study the metabolism of benzoate.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-B1812S Veratrole-d4
Veratrole-d4 is the deuterium labeled Veratrole. Veratrole (1,2-Dimethoxybenzene) is a key compound that widely exists in plants and attracts pollinators. The release of Veratrole has a circadian rhythm and plays an important role in plant reproduction, species differentiation, and interactions with pollinators. In addition, Veratrole can be demethylated by cytochrome P-450 in Streptomyces setonii.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Cytochrome P450  
/
HY-B1812S1 Veratrole-d2
Veratrole-d2 is the deuterium labeled Veratrole. Veratrole (1,2-Dimethoxybenzene) is a key compound that widely exists in plants and attracts pollinators. The release of Veratrole has a circadian rhythm and plays an important role in plant reproduction, species differentiation, and interactions with pollinators. In addition, Veratrole can be demethylated by cytochrome P-450 in Streptomyces setonii.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Cytochrome P450  
/
HY-W101299 N-Acetyl-D-allo-isoleucine
N-Acetyl-D-allo-isoleucine is an amino acid derivative. N-Acetyl-D-allo-isoleucine is promising for research of amino acid metabolism, such as abnormal isoleucine metabolism.
Amino Acid Derivatives  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-W141788 N-Butyryl-DL-homocysteine thiolactone
N-Butyryl-DL-homocysteine thiolactone is an N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) analogue. AHLs are potent inhibitors of biofilm formation and virulence factors, and has been used for degrading microbial communities, reducing bacterial pathogenicity.
Bacterial  
Infection  
/
HY-113128 sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate
sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate is an important intermediate in glycolysis and lipid metabolism. The cytosolic sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) consumes NADH to generate sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate from dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP). Glyceroneogenesis is an important supplier of sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate for lipid metabolism.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-W141825 N-Acetyl-DL-phenylalanine β-naphthyl ester
N-Acetyl-DL-phenylalanine β-naphthyl ester is an aromatic amino acid ester, which functions as a chromogenic substrate for chymotrypsin and microbial serine proteases such as subtilisin.
Fluorescent Dye  
Infection   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-W127808 Mesobiliverdin (microbial source)
Mesobiliverdin (microbial source) is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biological material or organic compound for life science related research.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-P992201 Anti-CD160 Antibody (MAT 302)
Anti-CD160 Antibody (MAT 302) (CL1-R2) is a human monoclonal antibody targeting CD160. Anti-CD160 Antibody (MAT 302) blocks the CD160-HVEM protein interaction, inhibits FGF2-mediated renal tubular vascular growth, and induces endothelial cell apoptosis. Anti-CD160 Antibody (MAT 302) targets CD160 on neovascularization to exert anti-angiogenic and vascular normalization effects, trigger the production of IFN-γ, TNF and IL-6 by NK cells, and enhance glucose metabolism of NK cells through the AKT/mTOR/s6k signaling pathway. Anti-CD160 Antibody (MAT 302) reduces vascular density, normalizes remaining tumor blood vessels, and inhibits tumor growth in melanoma-bearing mice. Anti-CD160 Antibody (MAT 302) can be used in research related to neovascularization, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and melanoma.

Species: Human

MHC   Apoptosis   IFNAR   TNF Receptor   Interleukin Related   Akt   mTOR  
Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Melanoma   Retinopathy  
/
HY-N0035R Arctigenin (Standard)
Arctigenin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Arctigenin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Arctigenin ((-)-Arctigenin), a biologically active lignan, can be used as an antitumor agent. Arctigenin exhibits potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiviral (influenza A virus) activities. Arctigenin can be used for the research of metabolic disorders, and central nervous system dysfunctions.
Reference Standards   MMP   Influenza Virus   Autophagy   Apoptosis  
Cancer   Infection   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-P3147A IYPTNGYTR acetate
IYPTNGYTR acetate, a deamidation-sensitive signature peptide, is a deamidation product of Trastuzumab. IYPTNGYTR acetate can be used to monitor in vivo Trastuzumab metabolism.
Drug Metabolite  
/
HY-Y0781S Pyruvic acid-13C sodium
Pyruvic acid-13C (sodium) is the 13C-labeled Pyruvic acid. Pyruvic acid is an intermediate metabolite in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Endogenous Metabolite  
/
HY-N2024AS Maltose monohydrate-d14
Maltose monohydrate-d14 is the deuterium labeled Maltose monohydrate. Maltose monohydrate is a disaccharide composed of two glucose molecules linked together. Maltose monohydrate is an endogenous metabolic product in plants, yeast, or bacteria, and it participates in carbon source storage and metabolism. Maltose monohydrate is a key core metabolite and main transport form in the temporary starch degradation, carbon output, and subsequent sucrose synthesis metabolism of the night chloroplast. In X. dendrorhous, maltose can act as a sugar donor and is converted into isomaltulose by α-glucosidase. Maltose monohydrate can act as a osmotic agent, supporting continuous capillary ultrafiltration and preventing severe metabolic disorders.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Glycosidase   Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-B1095S1 Chlormadinone acetate-d6-1
Chlormadinone acetate-d6-1 is deuterium labeled Chlormadinone acetate (HY-B1095). Chlormadinone acetate is a progestogen with potent progestogenic activity and antiandrogenic effects. Chlormadinone acetate acts on glucocorticoid receptor, progesterone receptor, androgen receptor, and GABAA receptor. Chlormadinone acetate induces endometrial proliferation in estrogen-pretreated rabbits, inhibits testosterone-stimulated growth of the prostate and seminal vesicles in castrated rats, and reduces the thymus and adrenal weights in juvenile rats. Chlormadinone acetate is applicable to research related to diseases such as depression and reproductive metabolic disorders.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Progesterone Receptor  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-W099563 4-Nitrophenyl stearate
4-Nitrophenyl stearate, which is an ester formed by the condensation of stearic acid and 4-nitrophenol, is commonly used as a substrate for enzymatic assays, where the hydrolysis of ester bonds by esterase and lipase can be measured by absorbance or ratio In addition, 4-Nitrophenyl stearate has been used as a model compound to study the enzymatic activity and selectivity of lipases and esterases from various sources. The long hydrophobic tail of the molecule makes it suitable for use in lipophilic Good solubility in the environment makes it a useful probe for studying lipid metabolism.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-N0390S3 L-Glutamine-13C5,15N2,d5
L-Glutamine-13C5,15N2,d5 is the deuterium, 13C-, and 15N-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na+-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   mGluR   Ferroptosis   Environmental Pollutants   Endogenous Metabolite   HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase   mTOR   STAT   NF-κB  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-N3686R D-Arabitol (Standard)
D-Arabitol (Standard) is the analytical standard of D-Arabitol (HY-N3686). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. D-Arabitol is an orally active D-enantiomer of arabitol. D-Arabitol modulates the composition of gut microbiota, increases short-chain fatty acids, and promotes AMPK-PGC-1α-related browning of white adipose tissue. D-Arabitol improves weight gain, fat accumulation, insulin resistance, lipid deposition and inflammatory responses. D-Arabitol serves as the sole carbon/energy source for Bacillus methanolicus MGA3, a strain that can co-utilize it with mannitol. D-Arabitol is applicable to obesity-related research.
Reference Standards   PGC-1α   AMPK  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-153476A GIP/GLP-1 dual receptor agonist-1 sodium
GIP/GLP-1 dual receptor agonist-1 sodium is a GIP/GLP-1 dual receptor agonist. GIP/GLP-1 dual receptor agonist-1 sodium is used in the research of metabolic disorders and fatty liver diseases, including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
GLP Receptor   GCGR  
Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation  
/
HY-P990022 Prafnosbart
Prafnosbart (DS-6016A) is an IgG1-kappa, anti-ACVR1 (activin A receptor type 1, ACVRLK2, ALK2, ACVR1A, SKR1) humanized monoclonal antibody. Prafnosbart can be used for bone metabolism disorders research.

Species: Human

TGF-β Receptor  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-W718179 Hydroxypropyl starch
Hydroxypropyl starch (2-Hydroxypropyl starch) is a type of modified starch used as a food additive. Hydroxypropyl starch is not absorbed intact by the gut, but is significantly hydrolyzed by intestinal enzymes and then fermented by intestinal microbiota.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-N5134S2 5'-Guanylic acid-15N5 dilithium
5'-Guanylic acid-15N5 (5'-GMP-15N5 dilithium; 5'-guanosine monophosphate-15N5) dilithium is 15N labeled 5'-Guanylic acid (HY-N5134). 5'-Guanylic acid (5'-GMP) is involved in several metabolic disorders, including the AICA-ribosiduria pathway, adenosine deaminase deficiency, adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency (aprt), and the 2-hydroxyglutric aciduria pathway.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-W040188 Fosfructose trisodium octahydrate
Fosfructose trisodium octahydrate is a phosphorylated sugar derivative used in biochemical research and is also an intermediate in carbohydrate metabolism.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-N0658S L-Threonine-15N
L-Threonine-15N is the 15N-labeled L-Threonine. L-Threonine is a natural amino acid, can be produced by microbial fermentation, and is used in food, medicine, or feed.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Endogenous Metabolite  
/
HY-N0390S4 L-Glutamine-5-13C
L-Glutamine-5-13C is the 13C-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na+-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   mGluR   Ferroptosis   Environmental Pollutants   Endogenous Metabolite   HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase   mTOR   STAT   NF-κB  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-136933 Gitoxin
Gitoxin is a degradation metabolite of Digitoxin (HY-B1357) and a non-competitive Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor, with an IC50 of 1.18e-6 M against the porcine high-affinity subtype and an IC50 of 2.85e-5 M against the porcine low-affinity subtype. Gitoxin regulates atrial contractility and rhythmicity. Gitoxin is applicable to research related to congestive heart failure.
Na+/K+ ATPase  
Heart Failure  
/
HY-P3512 Iseganan
Iseganan is an anti-microbial peptide that is active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. Iseganan kills a broad-spectrum of bacteria and fungi by attaching to and destroying the integrity of the lipid cell membranes. Iseganan can be used for oral mucositis research.
Bacterial   Fungal   Parasite  
Cancer   Infection  
/
HY-131303 Heptadecanoyl Coenzyme A
Heptadecanoyl Coenzyme A (Heptadecanoyl-CoA), long-chain acyl-coenzymes A (acyl-CoAs) (LCACoA), is an intermediate in lipid metabolism. Heptadecanoyl Coenzyme A can be used for the research of glucose metabolism.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-D1584 C12 NBD Sphingomyelin
C12 NBD sphingomyelin is an active derivative of Sphingomyelin (HY-113498) that is tagged with fluorescent C12 nitrobenzoxadiazole (C12 NBD). C12 NBD sphingomyelin can be used as a sphingomyelinase substrate for studying the metabolism and transport of sphingomyelins (Ex=470 nm, Em=525 nm).
Phospholipase  
/
HY-N0658S5 L-Threonine-d2
L-Threonine-d2 is the deuterium labeled L-Threonine. L-Threonine is a natural amino acid, can be produced by microbial fermentation, and is used in food, medicine, or feed.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Endogenous Metabolite  
/
HY-76632 4-Hydroxyisophthalic acid
4-Hydroxyisophthalic acid activates antioxidant enzymes (such as catalase CAT and superoxide dismutase SOD), scavenges free radicals, and exhibits antioxidant property. 4-Hydroxyisophthalic acid activates AChE and BChE, enhances neuronal function and improves Tau-induced neurobehavioral defects. 4-Hydroxyisophthalic acid improves the cognitive defects, and ameliorates circadian rhythm disorders of fruit flies.
Cholinesterase (ChE)   SOD  
Neurodegenerative Disease  
/
HY-126912A Lauroyl coenzyme A lithium
Lauroyl coenzyme A lithium salt is an intermediary in fatty acid synthesis or metabolism, formed by combining long-chain fatty acids (or lauric acid) with coenzyme A. Lauroyl coenzyme A lithium salt is involved in lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid transport, in which coenzyme A acts as a transport molecule to help move and target specific compounds.
Biochemical Assay Reagents   Endogenous Metabolite  
/
HY-113270AS Actinine-d9 chloride
Actinine-d9 chloride is the deuterium labeled Actinine chloride. Actinine chloride is angiopathic substance produced as an intermediary metabolite by gut microbiota that feed on carnitine in dietary red meat.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-P4588 (Glu17,21,24)-Osteocalcin (1-49) (human)
(Glu17,21,24)-Osteocalcin (1-49) (human) is a bone-specific protein involved in bone formation and glucose metabolism.
GLUT  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-W047710 D-Galactal
D-Galactal is a monosaccharide that belongs to the class of carbohydrates. It is an aldohexose, which means it has six carbon atoms and an aldehyde functional group. D-Galactal occurs naturally in certain foods such as dairy products, meats and fruits. It can also be synthesized by chemical or enzymatic processes. D-Galactal has various applications in the food industry, especially as a flavoring and sweetening agent. Additionally, it has potential research roles in metabolic disorders, cancer, and inflammation.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-P10352A Pediocin PA 1 TFA
Pediocin PA-1 TFA is a class IIa bacteriocin that specifically binds to membrane proteins of susceptible Gram-positive bacteria (such as Listeria monocytogenes) to form voltage-independent hydrophilic pores, leading to dissipation of proton motive force, ATP depletion and cell death. Pediocin PA-1 TFA shows no significant activity against intact Gram-negative bacteria, strains carrying immunity genes and obligate anaerobic commensal gut microbiota, and its bactericidal function depends on the integrity of disulfide bonds, with activity lost upon reduction. Pediocin PA-1 TFA can be used not only as a food biopreservative but also for research on listeriosis.
Bacterial  
Infection  
/
HY-P5244 Tripeptide-32
Tripeptide-32 is a bioactive peptide that targets the PER1 gene. Tripeptide-32 can regulate circadian rhythms and stimulate the synthesis of cellular repair proteins, with anti-aging activity.
Others  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-W012734R L-Pipecolic acid (Standard)
L-Pipecolic acid (Standard) is an analytical standard of L-Pipecolic acid. This product is used for research and analytical applications. L-Pipecolic acid (H-HoPro-OH) is an oral active metabolite of Lysine and can accumulate in the bodily fluids of infants with autosomal inherited diseases, such as Zellweger syndrome and neonatal adrenal insufficiency. L-Pipecolic acid can promote muscle cell health and growth by enhancing protein synthesis, and plays a role in promoting gut health. L-Pipecolic acid holds promise for research in the fields of metabolic disorders, muscle growth disorders, and intestinal diseases.
Reference Standards   Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-P1278 GR 64349
GR 64349 is a selective neurokinin 2 (NK2) receptor agonist. GR 64349 selectively activates the NK-2 receptor subtype. GR 64349 activates tonic and rhythmic bladder contractions of the micturition reflex. GR 64349 acetate does not inhibit rhythmic bladder contraction activation induced by normal saline. GR 64349 induces inward currents.
Neurokinin Receptor  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Urologic Disease  
/
HY-B1812 Veratrole
Veratrole (1,2-Dimethoxybenzene) is a key compound that widely exists in plants and attracts pollinators. The release of Veratrole has a circadian rhythm and plays an important role in plant reproduction, species differentiation, and interactions with pollinators. In addition, Veratrole can be demethylated by cytochrome P-450 in Streptomyces setonii.
Cytochrome P450  
/
HY-157374 Beef Heart Infusion
Beef Heart Infusion is a non-selective microbial culture medium formulation. Beef Heart Infusion provides nutrients for microbial growth. Beef Heart Infusion can be used for the culture, transplantation and rejuvenation of microorganisms.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
/
HY-W742821 (Z)-11-Octadecenal
(Z)-11-Octadecenal is a female pheromone with diurnal stability, isolated from the pheromone glands of female rice leaffolder moths.

Source: Cnaphalocrocis medinalis

Sex Pheromone  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-N0658S1 L-Threonine-d5
L-Threonine-d5 is the deuterium labeled L-Threonine. L-Threonine is a natural amino acid, can be produced by microbial fermentation, and is used in food, medicine, or feed.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Endogenous Metabolite  
/
HY-N0658S3 L-Threonine-13C4,15N
L-Threonine-13C4,15N is the 13C- and 15N-labeled L-Threonine. L-Threonine is a natural amino acid, can be produced by microbial fermentation, and is used in food, medicine, or feed.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Endogenous Metabolite  
/
HY-P2124 Cyclo(L-Trp-L-Trp)
Cyclo(L-Trp-L-Trp) is an antibiotic, and shows antimicrobial activity. Cyclo(L-Trp-L-Trp) can inhibit A. baumannii, as well as Candida albicans, Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus niger, Staphylococcus aureus. Cyclo(L-Trp-L-Trp) can be used in microbial infection research.
Antibiotic   Bacterial  
Bacterial Infection  
/
HY-D2418 PS-SCOTfluor-12
PS-SCOTfluor-12 (compound 10) is a fluorescent probe for imaging Lactic acid (HY-B2227) metabolism in live cells. λex/λem= 485/605 nm.
Fluorescent Dye  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-W010516 2-Methylvaleric acid
2-Methylvaleric acid is a branched short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) produced by the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids by gut microbes. 2-Methylvaleric acid can be used as a potential biomarker for metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, and its content is significantly reduced in the feces of diabetic mice. 2-Methylvaleric acid may regulate host energy metabolism and inflammatory response through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) or histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition. 2-Methylvaleric acid can be used to study gut microbe-host interactions and metabolic diseases as a fecal biomarker[1][2].
Endogenous Metabolite  
Glucose Metabolism  
/
HY-P1513A LL-37 scrambled peptide acetate
LL-37 scrambled peptide acetate is a scrambled version of cathelicidin anti-microbial peptide LL-37. LL-37 scrambled peptide acetate can be used as a negative control of LL-37 peptide studies.
Bacterial  
Infection  
/
HY-113013 Hydroxypyruvic acid
Hydroxypyruvic acid (β-Hydroxypyruvic acid) is an intermediate in the metabolism of glycine, serine and threonine. Hydroxypyruvic acid is a substrate for serine-pyruvate aminotransferase and glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase. Hydroxypyruvic acid is involved in the metabolic disorder which is the dimethylglycine dehydrogenase deficiency pathway.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-B0430S Pantothenic acid-13C3,15N hemicalcium
Pantothenic acid-13C3,15N (hemicalcium) is the 13C-labeled and 15N-labeled D-Pantothenic acid. D-Pantothenic acid is an essential trace nutrient that functions as the obligate precursor of coenzyme A (CoA). D-Pantothenic acid plays key roles in myriad biological processes, including many that regulate carbohydrate, lipid, protein, and nucleic acid metabolism.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Endogenous Metabolite  
/
HY-N0729F BODIPY-Linoleic acid
BODIPY-Linoleic acid is a conjugate of the BODIPY fluorophore and Linoleic acid (HY-N0729) (C18:2) and is a lipid metabolism probe.
Fluorescent Dye  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-P11666 Brenipatide
Brenipatide (LY-3537031) is a dual glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonist. Brenipatide can be used for the study of metabolic disorders, obesity and diabetes.
GLP Receptor  
Glucose Metabolism   Obesity  
/
HY-W015969 1-Aminopropan-2-ol
1-Aminopropan-2-ol is a microbial metabolism of amino alcohol metabolism via propionaldehyde and acetaldehyde in a species of Pseudomonas.

Source: Pseudomonas sp. N.C.I.B. 8858

Environmental Pollutants   Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-N0379S22 D-Mannose-13C6
D-Mannose-13C6 is a carbohydrate, which plays an important role in human metabolism, especially in the glycosylationof specific proteins.
Endogenous Metabolite  
/
HY-W020005 2-Carboxyphenol-d4
2-Carboxyphenol-d4 is the deuterium labeled 2-Carboxyphenol. 2-Carboxyphenol is a plant hormone and mediates host responses against microbial pathogens.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds  
/
HY-113328S Aminoadipic acid-d3
Aminoadipic acid-d3 is the deuterium labeled Aminoadipic acid. Aminoadipic acid is an intermediate in the metabolism of lysine and saccharopine.
Endogenous Metabolite  
/
HY-Y0781S1 Pyruvic acid-13C
Pyruvic acid-13C is the 13C labeled Pyruvic acid. Pyruvic acid is an intermediate metabolite in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Endogenous Metabolite  
/
HY-W423191 Maltobionic acid
Maltobionic acid (4-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-gluconic acid) is an orally active oligosaccharide and iron chelator with antibacterial activity. Maltobionic acid inhibits the expression of NFATc1, suppresses osteoclast differentiation, inhibits bone resorption, and increases serum calcitonin levels. Maltobionic acid protects mammalian cells from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative damage; resists fermentation by the gut microbiota; and exhibits anti-digestive and anti-fermentative properties. Maltobionic acid can be used in research related to osteoporosis, bacterial infections, and constipation.
Nuclear Factor of activated T Cells (NFAT)   Bacterial  
Bacterial Infection   Osteoporosis  
/
HY-N15135 Arabinoxylan (Medium viscosity)
Arabinoxylan Medium viscosity is an orally active Dectin-1 splice variant modulator, glucose absorption inhibitor, and chyme viscosity enhancer. Arabinoxylan Medium viscosity inhibits particulate β-glucan-induced Dectin-1A activation and mildly suppresses Dectin-1B activation. In human dendritic cells stimulated with particulate β-glucan, Arabinoxylan Medium viscosity reduces the production of IL-10 and TNF-α, and increases the production of IL-4 and IL-23. Arabinoxylan Medium viscosity also supports antifungal immune responses without activating TLR2, TLR4 or TLR5, and does not induce cytokine production when used to stimulate human dendritic cells alone. Arabinoxylan Medium viscosity increases small intestinal chyme viscosity, gets degraded in the large intestine to produce short-chain fatty acids, reduces glucose absorption and insulin response, and improves glucose homeostasis. Arabinoxylan Medium viscosity supports microbial fermentation and the growth of beneficial microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract, prevents bile acid reabsorption, and delays starch digestion. Arabinoxylan Medium viscosity can be used in research related to type 2 diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, and metabolic syndrome.
Interleukin Related   Toll-like Receptor (TLR)   Fungal   C-type Lectin-like Receptors (CTLRs)  
Glucose Metabolism  
/
HY-113121S Vanillylmandelic acid-d3
Vanillylmandelic acid-d3 is the deuterium labeled Vanillylmandelic acid. Vanillylmandelic acid is the endproduct of epinephrine and norepinephrine metabolism. Vanillylmandelic acid can be used as an indication of the disorder in neurotransmitter metabolism as well. Vanillylmandelic acid has antioxidant activity towards DPPH radical with an IC50 value of 33 μM.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease  
/
HY-N2024AS1 Maltose-13C12 monohydrate
Maltose monohydrate-13C12 is the 13C labeled isotope of Maltose monohydrate. Maltose monohydrate is a disaccharide composed of two glucose molecules linked together. Maltose monohydrate is an endogenous metabolic product in plants, yeast, or bacteria, and it participates in carbon source storage and metabolism. Maltose monohydrate is a key core metabolite and main transport form in the temporary starch degradation, carbon output, and subsequent sucrose synthesis metabolism of the night chloroplast. In X. dendrorhous, maltose can act as a sugar donor and is converted into isomaltulose by α-glucosidase. Maltose monohydrate can act as a osmotic agent, supporting continuous capillary ultrafiltration and preventing severe metabolic disorders.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   Glycosidase   Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-P99359 Elezanumab
Elezanumab (ABT-555; AE12-1Y-QL) is a human monoclonal antibody that selectively targets repulsive guidance molecule A (RGMa). Elezanumab potently inhibited RGMa mediated BMP signalling via the SMAD1/5/8 pathway, with an IC50 around 97 pM. Elezanumab promotes neuroregeneration and neuroprotection in neuronal injury and demyelination models binds N-terminal RGMa, blocks BMP signaling and lacks RGMc cross-reactivity. elezanumab has neuroregenerative and neuroprotective activities without impact on iron metabolism.

Species: Human

TGF-beta/Smad  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis   Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis  
/
HY-N3686 D-Arabitol
D-Arabitol is an orally active D-enantiomer of arabitol. D-Arabitol modulates the composition of gut microbiota, increases short-chain fatty acids, and promotes AMPK-PGC-1α-related browning of white adipose tissue. D-Arabitol improves weight gain, fat accumulation, insulin resistance, lipid deposition and inflammatory responses. D-Arabitol serves as the sole carbon/energy source for Bacillus methanolicus MGA3, a strain that can co-utilize it with mannitol. D-Arabitol is applicable to obesity-related research.
AMPK   PGC-1α  
Obesity  
/
HY-N0538 Xylitol
Xylitol can be classified as a polyol and sugar alcohol, exhibiting inhibitory activity on cancer cell proliferation. It induces autophagy (Autophagy) and cell death in A549 cells by activating the autophagy signaling pathway, as evidenced by the increased expression of LC3-II and Atg5-Atg12 upon Xylitol treatment. Additionally, Xylitol inhibits acetaldehyde production by Candida species, thereby reducing their carcinogenic potential. In vivo, Xylitol induces alterations in the gut microbiota of mice, which may enhance cholesterol accumulation and upregulate hepatic ChREBP, while also slowing tumor growth in the B16F10 melanoma C57BL/6 mouse model.
Environmental Pollutants   Autophagy   Bacterial   Atg8/LC3   Endogenous Metabolite   Atg7  
Cancer   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Bacterial Infection  
/
HY-N0793 Protopine
Protopine (Corydinine), an isoquinoline alkaloid, is a specific reversible and competitive inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. Protopine exhibits anti-inflammation, anti-microbial, anti-angiogenic and anti-tumour activity.
Cholinesterase (ChE)  
Cancer   Infection   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
/
HY-134424 Propionyl coenzyme A lithium
Propionyl coenzyme A lithium, a coenzyme A derivative of propionic acid, is an important metabolic intermediate formed by the thioester bond between coenzyme A and propionic acid. The breakdown and production of Propionyl coenzyme A lithim is important for the metabolism of organisms.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-W099580 Hexadecane
Hexadecane (n-Hexadecane; Cetane) is a long-chain n-alkane, oil component, and model hydrophobic compound. Hexadecane acts as a substrate for microbial degradation.Hexadecane induces microbial biosurfactant and bioemulsifier synthesis.
Environmental Pollutants  
/
HY-N0390S6 L-Glutamine-13C5,15N2
L-Glutamine-13C5,15N2 is the 13C- and 15N-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na+-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity.
Isotope-Labeled Compounds   mGluR   Ferroptosis   Environmental Pollutants   Endogenous Metabolite   HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase   mTOR   STAT   NF-κB  
Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
/
HY-113114 Tetrahydrocortisone
Tetrahydrocortisone is a corticosteroid catalyzed from endogenous glucocorticoids by AKR1D1 (5β-reductase). Its formation is mediated by AKR1D1 and regulated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). As one of the final products of glucocorticoid inactivation metabolism, Tetrahydrocortisone participates in the maintenance of glucocorticoid metabolic homeostasis in vivo. Tetrahydrocortisone can be used for mechanistic studies of metabolic diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes, and also serves as a biomarker for in vivo AKR1D1 activity and glucocorticoid metabolic status.
Endogenous Metabolite   Glucocorticoid Receptor  
Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation   Type 2 Diabetes  
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HY-125848 Ginsenoside F2
Ginsenoside F2 is an orally active bioactive compound that participates in the regulation of metabolism and inflammation. Ginsenoside F2 promotes the phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC, binds to PPARγ, inhibits the phosphorylation of MAPK, activates the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β pathway, reduces GLRX expression, and regulates lipid metabolism. Ginsenoside F2 reduces ROS production and MDA levels, restores SOD activity in cells, and alleviates oxidative stress. Ginsenoside F2 induces cell apoptosis (Apoptosis) and increases the number of cleaved caspase-3-positive cells. Ginsenoside F2 reduces body weight gain, adipose tissue weight and serum lipid levels in obese mice, and activates the hepatic AMPK signaling pathway and the expression of antioxidant enzymes. Ginsenoside F2 alleviates atopic dermatitis in mice by inhibiting inflammation and reshaping the gut microbiota. Ginsenoside F2 is applicable to research related to insulin resistance, obesity, atopic dermatitis, liver cancer, glioblastoma and glioma.
Apoptosis   AMPK   PPAR   p38 MAPK   PI3K   Akt   GSK-3   Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)   SOD   Caspase  
Liver Cancer   Glioblastoma   Atopic Dermatitis   Obesity  
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HY-30216A Leucic acid
Leucic acid (α-Hydroxyisocaproic acid) is an orally active end-product of the microbial metabolism of leucine. Leucic acid can bind to HCAR2, alters AMPK and ERK1/2 phosphorylation status, suppresses lipid synthesis, promotes catabolism, reduces adiposity, enhances lean mass and exercise capacity. Leucic acid suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, inflammation-related gene mRNA expression. Leucic acid decreases basal protein synthesis, attenuates myotube atrophy. Leucic acid can be used for the research of obesity.
Drug Metabolite   Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Receptor (HCAR)   AMPK   ERK  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Obesity  
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HY-12557 γ-Glutamylvaline
γ‑Glutamylvaline (γ-Glu-Val) is a calcium‑sensing receptor (CaSR) agonist. γ‑Glutamylvaline activates CaSR and facilitates its binding to β‑arrestin 2 to modulate inflammatory and metabolic homeostasis signaling. γ‑Glutamylvaline inhibits TNF‑α‑induced IL‑6/MCP‑1 and enhances adiponectin/PPARγ in adipocytes. γ‑Glutamylvaline upregulates Wnt5a, restores β‑catenin phosphorylation, and reduces serine‑phosphorylated IRS‑1 in adipocytes. γ-Glutamylvaline can be used for the research of low-grade chronic inflammation.
Endogenous Metabolite   CaSR   Wnt   TNF Receptor   Interleukin Related   PPAR   β-catenin  
Inflammation or Immune System Disease  
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HY-134426 DL-β-Hydroxybutyryl coenzyme A lithium
DL-β-Hydroxybutyryl coenzyme A lithium is an intermediate in the fermentation of butyric acid and the metabolism of lysine and tryptophan, and is produced from β-hydroxybutyric acid by short-chain-CoA synthase.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
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HY-128746 2,6-Diaminoheptanedioic acid
2,6-Diaminopimelic acid is a endogenous metabolite produced in bacteria and is a component of cell wall. 2,6-Diaminopimelic acid is essential for microbial metabolism and is a potential marker for quantification of microbial proteins .
Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
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HY-D1872 800CW NHS ester
800CW NHS ester is a near-infrared fluorescent dye active ester that can conjugate with amine-containing small molecules, antibodies, peptides, and other substances to form fluorescent conjugates. 800CW NHS ester exhibits high fluorescence quantum yield and low non-specific binding properties. 800CW NHS ester can be used in biomedical research such as microbial infection imaging, tumor imaging, and biochemical detection.
Fluorescent Dye  
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HY-150097 Recombinant Human Serum Albumin(rHSA)
Recombinant Human Serum Albumin (rHSA) is a non-glycosylated monomeric plasma protein that acts as a core factor for maintaining plasma colloid osmotic pressure. Recombinant Human Serum Albumin (rHSA) possesses multiple physiological functions including carrier, metabolic regulation, detoxification, antioxidation and enzyme mimicking. Recombinant Human Serum Albumin (rHSA) not only scavenges reactive oxygen and nitrogen species via specific residues and binds a variety of endogenous and exogenous compounds to maintain redox homeostasis, but also serves as a biomarker for multiple diseases such as cancer and inflammation. Recombinant Human Serum Albumin (rHSA) broadly supports the development of implantable materials, surgical adhesives and ligand capture, and can be used for research on critical illnesses including hypovolemia, liver failure, severe sepsis and various types of trauma resuscitation.
Biochemical Assay Reagents  
Cancer   Inflammation or Immune System Disease   Liver Failure  
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HY-113270A Actinine chloride
Actinine (γ-Butyrobetaine) chloride is angiopathic substance produced as an intermediary metabolite by gut microbiota that feed on carnitine in dietary red meat.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Cardiovascular Disease  
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HY-128748 DL-Glyceraldehyde
DL-Glyceraldehyde is a bioactive substance involved in cellular energy metabolism and a key intermediate in sugar metabolism pathways (such as glycolysis and gluconeogenesis). During glycolysis, DL-Glyceraldehyde is converted by enzymes into other metabolites to provide energy for cells; during gluconeogenesis, DL-Glyceraldehyde participates in the synthesis of glucose as a precursor. In the field of medical research, DL-Glyceraldehyde can be used to study diseases related to sugar metabolism, such as diabetes, tumors, etc[1][2].
Endogenous Metabolite  
Glucose Metabolism  
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HY-P1120 WKYMVm
WKYMVm is a selective formylpeptide receptor 2 (FPR2) agonist. WKYMVm has a powerful anti-inflammatory effect that can reduce lung injury and spinal cord injury. WKYMVm ameliorates obesity by regulating lipid metabolism and leptin signaling. WKYMVm is involved in the regulation of immune cells by activating FPRs. WKYMVm can promote the chemotactic migration of immune cells and inhibit the apoptosis of phagocytes. In addition, WKYMVm may play a favorable or unfavorable role in tumors, depending on the type of tumor.
Formyl Peptide Receptor (FPR)   PERK   Apoptosis  
Cancer   Neurological, Eye or Ear Disease   Metabolic or Endocrine Disease   Digestive System Disease   Digestive System Inflammation  
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HY-P10746 EB1002
EB1002 is a highly selective, long-acting NK2R agonist. EB1002 exerts central appetite suppression, increases peripheral energy expenditure and enhances insulin sensitivity, which effectively reduces body weight, improves glucose and lipid metabolism, with favorable safety profiles. EB1002 can be used for research on diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Neurokinin Receptor  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
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HY-P4153 Enlicitide chloride
Enlicitide chloride is an orally active inhibitor for PCSK9 that blocks the interaction between LPL receptor and PSCK9, with an IC50 of 2.5 nM. Enlicitide chloride can be used in the study of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia, coronary heart disease, metabolic syndrome, acute coronary syndrome or related cardiovascular and cardiometabolic disorders.
PCSK9  
Blood or Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease  
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HY-126370A Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium
Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium is a type of isoprenoid metabolic intermediate, mainly synthesized through the mevalonate pathway. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium is a key precursor in various biological synthesis processes, especially as a necessary substrate for post-translational modification of proteins - geranylgeranyl phosphorylation. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium regulates various cellular processes and disease progression through protein geranylgeranyl phosphorylation, such as activating the YAP signaling pathway, promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis; promoting IL-2 production and STAT5 phosphorylation; and influencing metabolic homeostasis and cancer, etc.
Endogenous Metabolite   YAP   Apoptosis   Interleukin Related   STAT   ERK   Ras  
Cancer  
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HY-113128A sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate lithium
sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate lithium is an important intermediate in glycolysis and lipid metabolism. The cytosolic sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) consumes NADH to generate sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate lithium from dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP). Glyceroneogenesis is an important supplier of sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate lithium for lipid metabolism.
Endogenous Metabolite  
Metabolic or Endocrine Disease  
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HY-P70885 FAM3C Protein, Human (HEK293, His)
The FAM3C protein emerged as a potential contributor to different cellular processes with a role in retinal lamination formation, emphasizing its involvement in retinal development. In addition, FAM3C is also involved in promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), indicating its potential impact on cell differentiation and tissue remodeling. FAM3C Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived FAM3C protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-6*His labeled tag.

Species: Human; Source: HEK293

Cytokines and Growth Factors

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HY-P76329 FAM3D Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His)
FAM3D protein is part of the FAM3 family and plays an important role in cell signaling as a transmembrane ligand in the ephrin family.FAM3D interacts with its Eph receptor, initiates bidirectional signaling, regulates multiple cellular processes in development, and is involved in tissue boundary formation, axon guidance, angiogenesis, and synaptic plasticity.FAM3D Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His) is the recombinant mouse-derived FAM3D protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-10*His labeled tag.

Species: Mouse; Source: HEK293

Cytokines and Growth Factors

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HY-P70386 FAM3B Protein, Human (HEK293, Fc)
FAM3B Protein acts as a potent inducer of apoptosis, influencing alpha and beta cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Its regulatory impact on programmed cell death underscores its significance, particularly within apoptosis. The specificity for alpha and beta cells suggests targeted modulation of pancreatic cell populations, implicating FAM3B in key processes related to pancreatic function and homeostasis. FAM3B Protein, Human (HEK293, Fc) is the recombinant human-derived FAM3B protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-hFc labeled tag.

Species: Human; Source: HEK293

Cytokines and Growth Factors

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HY-P76328 FAM3D Protein, Mouse (HEK293, Fc)
FAM3D protein is part of the FAM3 family and plays an important role in cell signaling as a transmembrane ligand in the ephrin family.FAM3D interacts with its Eph receptor, initiates bidirectional signaling, regulates multiple cellular processes in development, and is involved in tissue boundary formation, axon guidance, angiogenesis, and synaptic plasticity.FAM3D Protein, Mouse (HEK293, Fc) is the recombinant mouse-derived FAM3D protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-hFc labeled tag.

Species: Mouse; Source: HEK293

Cytokines and Growth Factors

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HY-P7S0151 CRY1 Protein, Human (His, Myc)
CRY1 Protein, Human (His, Myc) is the recombinant human-derived CRY1, expressed by E. coli , with N-10*His, C-Myc labeled tag. The total length of CRY1 Protein, Human (His, Myc) is 586 a.a.,

Species: Human; Source: E. coli

Receptor Proteins

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HY-P700631 FAM3B Protein, Human (His, Myc)
FAM3B Protein acts as a potent inducer of apoptosis, influencing alpha and beta cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Its regulatory impact on programmed cell death underscores its significance, particularly within apoptosis. The specificity for alpha and beta cells suggests targeted modulation of pancreatic cell populations, implicating FAM3B in key processes related to pancreatic function and homeostasis. FAM3B Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived FAM3B protein, expressed by E. coli , with C-Myc, N-10*His labeled tag.

Species: Human; Source: E. coli

Cytokines and Growth Factors

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HY-P82175 CLOCK Antibody (YA1920)
CLOCK Antibody (YA1920) is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG monoclonal antibody, targeting to CLOCK.

Host: Rabbit; Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat

Monoclonal Antibodies Recombinant Antibodies Flow Cytometry Antibodies Primary Antibodies

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HY-P82459 TIMELESS Antibody (YA2204)
TIMELESS Antibody (YA2204) is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG monoclonal antibody, targeting to TIMELESS.

Host: Rabbit; Reactivity: Human

Monoclonal Antibodies Recombinant Antibodies Primary Antibodies

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HY-P82459A TIMELESS Antibody (YA2204)(PBS only)
TIMELESS Antibody (YA2204) is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG monoclonal antibody, targeting to TIMELESS.

Host: Rabbit; Reactivity: Human

Monoclonal Antibodies Recombinant Antibodies Primary Antibodies

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HY-P85104 CLOCK Antibody (YA4796)
CLOCK Antibody (YA4796) is a Mouse-derived and non-conjugated monoclonal antibody, targeting to CLOCK.

Host: Mouse; Reactivity: Human

Monoclonal Antibodies Primary Antibodies

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HY-P87329 PER3 Antibody (YA7012)
PER3 Antibody (YA7012) is a Mouse-derived and non-conjugated IgG2b monoclonal antibody, targeting to PER3.

Host: Mouse; Reactivity: Human

Monoclonal Antibodies Flow Cytometry Antibodies Primary Antibodies

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HY-P87329A PER3 Antibody (YA7012)(PBS only)
PER3 Antibody (YA7012) is a Mouse-derived and non-conjugated IgG2b monoclonal antibody, targeting to PER3.

Host: Mouse; Reactivity: Human

Monoclonal Antibodies Primary Antibodies

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HY-K3038 Sodium Bicarbonate Solution (7.5%)

MCE Sodium Bicarbonate Solution (7.5%) is designed to adjust the bicarbonate buffering system of cell culture media. Under appropriate CO2 culture conditions, sodium bicarbonate helps maintain physiological pH, neutralizes acidic metabolites produced by cellular metabolism, and provides a stable environment for cell growth. It also supplies bicarbonate ions required for certain cellular metabolic processes.

Cell Biology Cell Culture Cell Culture Supplements

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Keywords

circadian rhythms | gut microbiota | gut microbiome | metabolism | metabolic homeostasis | microbial oscillators | diurnal rhythmicity | short-chain fatty acids | lipid metabolism | chrononutrition | circadian clock | metabolic disorders